英语翻译资格考试-翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟19

英语翻译资格考试-翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟19 翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟19 Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. Part 1 Vocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Then mark the corresponding letter as required on your machinc-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1、 He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to ______ the consequences. A. answer for B. run into C. abide by D. step into 2、 The wealth of a country should be measured ______ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce. A. in line with B. in terms of C. in regard to D. in case of 3、 I tried very hard to persuade him to join our groups but I met with fiat ______. A. disapproval B. rejection C. refusal D. decline 4、 It is strictly ______ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few. A. secured B. forbidden C. regulated D. determined 5、 Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be ______ with everyone who comes to the store. A. accepted B. admitted C. admired D. acquainted 6、 To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ______ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand. A. improve B. enhance C. guarantee D. gear 7、 It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ______ free medical care. A. entitled to B. involved in C. associated with D. assigned to 8、 Your kindness in giving ______ to the consideration of the above problem will be highly appreciated. A. importance B. advantage C. priority D. authority 9、 Big businesses enjoy certain ______ that smaller ones do not have. A. transactions B. privileges C. subsidies D. substitutes 10、 Peter will ______ as managing director when Bill retires. A. take off B. take over C. take to D. take up 11、 One of the wrong notions about science is that many scientific discoveries have come about ______. A. accordingly B. accidentally C. artificially D. additionally 12、 Jack ______ to the manager for the mistakes he had made. A. excused B. pardoned C. forgave D. apologized 13、 ______ scientists have observed increased pollution in the water supply. A. Late B. Later C. Latter D. Lately 14、 This watch is ______ to all the other watches on the market. A. superior B. advantageous C. super D. beneficial 15、 Fresh fruits and vegetables are generally less expensive when they are in ______. A. sale B. need C. season D. time 16、 We can surely ______ all difficulties that may come up. A. get on B. come over C. get over D. come across 17、 He ______ very quickly after his illness. A. recovered B. discovered C. uncovered D. covered 18、 The designing of a satellite in the heavenly environment is ______ an easy job. A. by all means B. by any means C. by every means D. by no means The good harvest ______ the price of strawberries. 19、 A. brought down B. cut out C. arose from D. added to 20、 Most great artists are exceptionally ______ people. A. sensitized B. sensitive C. senseless D. sensory Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement This part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined word without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machinc-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 21、 Should English classes be compulsory at the elementary or primary school level in countries where it is not the native language? A. required B. necessary C. selected D. permanent 22、 In the end, both attacks and defenses of the free market and conventional economics have immense philosophical implications. A. traditional B. novel C. capital-centered D. consumption-centered 23、 Applicants will be asked to provide information on how they will disseminate information to other students at their university or college. A. disclose B. deliver C. spread D. analyze 24、 In general, the British people belong to one of the more affluent countries of Europe and enjoy a high standard of living compared to the rest of the world. A. plentiful B. powerful C. friendly D. wealthy 25、 To absorb a younger work force, many companies offered retirement plans as incentives for older workers to retire and make way for the younger ones who earned lower salaries. A. rewards B. opportunities C. motives D. stimuli 26、 Their business flourished at its new location a year later owing to their joint efforts and hard work. A. prevailed B. failed C. boomed D. shrank 27、 The pressure on her from her family caused her to resort to the drastic measures. A. turn to B. keep to C. stick to D. lead to 28、 I shall never forget the look of intense anguish on the face of his parents when they heard the news. A. stress B. dilemma C. misery D. surprise 29、 If minor disputes are left unsettled, tough ones will pile up sooner or later. A. accumulate B. vanish C. linger D. emerge 30、 The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds in front of the government building. A. unskillfully B. violently C. ineffectively D. eventually 31、 Hague was elected as the Conservative Party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on Britain's position in relation to its partners in the European Union. A. ambitious B. obscure C. appalling D. indifferent 32、 Her story shows how gentle stubbornness and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements. A. persuasion B. determination C. devotion D. reservation 33、 We have a responsibility to ensure our nation's continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic scientific research. A. effective B. efficient C. significant D. reasonable 34、 All information reported to or likewise obtained by the commission is considered confidential. A. in a similar way B. in another way C. in a direct way D. in an unauthorized way 35、 I would recommend this inn highly on account of its wonderful location. A. as a result of B. because of C. with regard to D. with a view to 36、 Television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies. A. exactly B. faithfully C. repeatedly D. simply 37、 The legislative provision has a great impact on the operations of the department. A. law B. passage C. revision D. clause 38、 In spite of a problem with the faulty equipment, some very useful work was accomplished. A. imperfect B. temporary C. emergency D. reinstalled 39、 Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to combat global warming. A. focus on B. settle down C. fight against D. sum up 40、 Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to halt this decline. A. lace B. plug C. cease D. digest Part 3 Error Correction This part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them there is art underlined part that indicates art error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 41、 Because our work is very busy, so we need to relax at midday. A. We are very busy B. Our work being busy. C. Our work so very busy D. Because our work so very busy, 42、 we are delighted to establish business relationship with you. A. be established B. establishing C. be establishing D. have established 43、 We have been told that under no circumstances we can use the telephone in the office for personal affairs. A. did we use B. may we use C. we may use D. we could use 44、 If being carried out successfully, the plan will completely change the traffic conditions in the city. A. carried B. is carried C. having been carried D. to carry 45、 Coming at the Town Hail, the Queen was welcomed by the Mayor. A. On reaching B. On arrival C. At arrival D. At reaching 46、 The early railroads were connected short lines in the existing arteries of transportation: roads, turnpikes, canals, and other waterways. A. short lines that connected B. those short fines connected C. connected by short lines D. short connected lines 47、 The computer has dramatically affected just like photographic lenses are constructed. A. is the way we constructed the photographic lenses. B. that the way we constructed the photographic lenses. C. which way do photographic lenses are constructed. D. the way photographic lenses are constructed. 48、 Some women can make a good salary in a job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. Some women could have made a good salary in a job B. It should have been a job with good salary for women C. The work should have made some women a good salary D. Some women would make a good salary in a good job 49、 When people have no will to live, people are often very difficult to help. A. you are B. they are C. it is D. the other is 50、 When I first came to this country, I thought little that I should stay here so long. A. little thought B. thought never C. a little thought D. thought a little 51、 Ordinary people are now lacking of the scientific knowledge about nutrition. A. short with B. are absent of C. lack in D. are deficient on 52、 The border was actually two towns, though no one was big enough to amount to anything. A. not one B. neither one C. none D. nor 53、 There are actually too many opportunities to learn more, to see more, and to understand more, and they all require us to change, at least a little bit, in order to make progress. A. very many B. too much C. so many D. extremely many 54、 The girl made a light of her disappointment at being too sick to go to the dance. A. made light of B. made no light C. made interest D. made a little 55、 Of course, there have been times, as a young man, when I got tired from study and devoted my time to playing. A. tired of B. got tired of C. tired up D. used to tire of 56、 American Indian languages, which differ widely, tended to group many units of meaning into multisyllabic words. A. all tend B. and tend C. to tend D. tending 57、 Although the life was very harsh, the doctor remained on the island for the reason of the people. A. sake B. aid C. privilege D. concern 58、 John is very diligent, but his pay isn't sufficient enough for his work. A. good B. much C. legal D. sound 59、 When he was told that he scored 58 in the final examination, he was in a comfort of remorse. A. a distress B. a suffering C. an agony D. a misery 60、 The advocates—mainly family therapy doctors—are applying a new approach to everything from marriage conflict to psychosis. A. margin B. marine C. marital D. martial Section 2: Reading Comprehension In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A , B, C andD. choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blanken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inseparately tied to their children's success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So it is no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that ambition can be taught like any other subject at school. It's not quite that simple. "Kids can be given the opportunities, but they can't be forced," says Jaequelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan who led a study examining what motivated first-and-seventh-graders in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don't seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve. Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. The message is that everything is within the kids' control, that their intelligence is malleable. Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. Some educators say it's important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. "The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions," says Michael Nakkula, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to tell them the notion that classwork is irrelevant is not true, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that they have to learn to walk before they can run. 61、 The word "bewildering" underlined in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A. puzzling B. unbelievable C. unpleasant D. awkward 62、 The passage is mainly about ______. A. when in one's life ambition is most needed B. what to do to reform the education system C. why parents of underachievers are ambitious D. how to help school children develop their ambition 63、 The word "unearth" underlined in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. discover B. seek C. pursuit D. analyze 64、 According to the passage, most educators believe that many kids ______. A. show a lack of academic ambition at birth B. amaze their parents by acting like adults C. become less ambitious as they grow up D. get increasingly afraid of failing in school 65、 The word "reignite" underlined in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. rekindle B. confirm C. find out D. strike 66、 Paragraph 1 mentions some parents who would see their kids' failure as ______. A. natural B. trivial C. intolerable D. understandable 67、 The word "malleable" in Paragraph 3 most probably means ______. A. justifiable B. flexible C. uncountable D. desirable 68、 Some experts suggest that many kids lose ambition in school because they are ______ A. cut off from the outside world B. exposed to school work only C. kept away from class competition D. labeled as inferior to others 69、 The word "aspirations" underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to ______. A. ambition B. caree C. goal D. project 70、 The last paragraph implies ______. A. the effectiveness of Project IF B. the significance of classwork C. the importance of walking to running D. the attainment of different life goals The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotion. Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers. Peers are equals that one can deal with on the same level as oneself, whereas parents are superiors. The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships makes some kinds of learning difficult. Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it. During the course of teaching their subjects, classroom instructors provide role models and attempt to convey the excitement of learning itself. In earlier times, parents, friends and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhood socializers. Children's books, comics and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add three powerful indirect or non-personal socialization agents: radio, movies and television. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of well-being, and develop attitudes towards others from what they see on the screen and hear through the speakers. 71、 In this passage, agents of socialization refer to ______. A. the media B. individuals C. all channels D. organizations 72、 The author's chief agents include the following EXCEPT the ______. A. family B. group C. school D. internet 73、 The child's basic understanding of the world around it is formed ______. A. at kindergarten B. in the earliest months C. by classroom instructors D. through interaction with parents 74、 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Language shapes an infant's perception. B. Language elicits an infant's emotions. C. Language forms an infant's cultural awareness. D. Language forms an infant's basic understanding. 75、 According to this passage, ______ makes some kind of learning difficult. A. long distance B. formality C. much indulgence D. family influence 76、 Peers are one of the ______ agents of socialization. A. formal B. indirect C. primary D. personal 77、 ______ are the first formal socialization agents. A. Infant nurturers B. Family members C. Group peers D. School teachers 78、 Which of the following statements is NOT implied in the passage? A. Teachers are sociable. B. Teachers are role models. C. Teachers are paid agents of socialization. D. Teachers are knowledgeable and skillful. 79、 ______ are/is powerful indirect socialization agents. A. Parents B. Friends C. Teachers D. The media 80、 Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. Childhood Socializers B. Norms & Role Models C. Sources of Information D. Agents of Socialization Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read. The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect. Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher's method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans. The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom... these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions. However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences. To illustrate, first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips. Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts. 81、 The central idea of the above passage is that ______. A. attitudes affect our actions B. teachers are important in developing or changing pupils' attitudes C. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences D. by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils' attitudes 82、 The word "despot" underlined in Paragraph 2 means a person ______. A. who enjoys a high reputation B. who is very successful in politics C. with unlimited powers D. who deposits a large sum of money in a bank 83、 The pupils' attitudes are NOT influenced by ______. A. their parents' persuasion to behave properly B. their teachers' attitudes C. the speeches they hear and the books they read D. such media as social studies, science matter and classroom atmosphere 84、 It can be inferred from the passage that the pupils ______. A. usually study a certain subject in greater details at home than at school B. usually do not study a certain subject at home C. study the subjects only at school D. study a subject more deeply at school than at home 85、 The example of the pupils' 1 earning about Mexico shows that ______. A. a child usually learns the right things from their teachers B. a teacher can correct a pupil's wrong ideas C. a teacher's attitude can influence a child's attitude by teaching D. a child's attitude is very changeable 86、 The author implies that ______. A. the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitude B. in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades C. people usually act on the basis of reasoning rather than emotion D. children's attitudes often come from those of other children 87、 A statement made or implied in the passage is that ______. A. attitudes can be based on the learning of falsehoods B. a child can develop in the classroom an attitude about the importance of brushing his teeth C. attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lectures . D. the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influenced primarily by their teachers 88、 The passage specifically states that ______. A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones B. whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already been introduced at home C. teachers should always conceal their own attitudes D. teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children 89、 From the last paragraph, we can see that ______. A. a teacher's influence on children is always positive B. children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions by ignoring objective facts C. if improperly handled, a teacher's influence can be very harmful to the children D. children may develop prejudices if the teacher's attitude is wrong 90、 The author of this passage tries to ______. A. present certain facts of how the development of a person's attitude can be influenced B. show that our society is not doing enough to help children shape their attitudes C. point out that teachers are the only people who can influence the children's attitudes D. prove that speeches and books are the only factors to indoctrinate children Section 3: Cloze Test In the following passage, there are 20 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. Below the passage, each blank has 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the 91 half of the 19th century; most of 92 were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U. S. , the day-nursery movement received great 93 during the First World War, when 94 of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established 95 in munitions (军火)plants, under direct government sponsorship. 96 the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose 97 , this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 98 , Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 99 the day nurseries by 100 them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries. The 101 of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in 102 called the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were upon to replace men in the factories. On this 103 the U. S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 104 $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities 105 this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 106 in day-care centers receiving Federal 107 Soon afterward, the Federal government 108 cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later 109 them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 110 at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled. 91、 A. latter B. late C. other D. first 92、 A. those B. them C. whose D. whom 93、 A. impetus B. input C. imitation D. initiative 94、 A. sources B. abundance C. shortage D. reduction 95、 A. hardly B. entirely C. only D. even 96、 A. Because B. As C. Since D. Although 97、 A. unanimously B. sharply C. predominantly D. militantly 98、 A. therefore B. consequently C. however D. moreover 99、 A. over B. in C. at D. about 100、 A. formulating B. labeling C. patenting D. licensing 101、 A. outset B. outbreak C. breakthrough D. breakdown 102、 A. again B. thus C. repeatedly D. yet 103、 A. circumstance B. occasion C. case D. situation 104、 A. regulating B. summoning C. allocating D. transferring 105、 A. expanded B. facilitated C. supplemented D. compensated 106、 A. by B. after C. of D. for 107、 A. pensions B. subsidies C. revenues D. budgets 108、 A. prevalently B. furiously C. statistically D. drastically 109、 A. abolished B. diminished C. jeopardized D. precluded 110、 A. nurseries B. homes C. jobs D. children 答案: Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar Part 1 Vocabulary Selection 1、A [解析] answer for是“对……负责”。B(run into是“陷入，碰到”;C(abide by是“遵守”;D(step into是“进入，走进”。 2、B [解析] 本题意为“衡量一个国家的财富，既要根据一个国家生产的物质又要根据该国人民的健康和幸福”。in terms of的意思是“根据，按照”;in line with的意思是“跟……一致，符合”;in regard to的意思是“关于”;in case of的意思是“假使……，万一……”。四个选项中只有B项与题意相符。 3、C [解析] 本题意为“我竭力劝他加入我们的团体，但遭到断然的拒绝”。四个选项中，refusal的意思是“拒绝”;disapproval的意思是“不同意，不赞成”;rejection的意思是“拒绝，抵制”;decline的意思是“婉言谢绝”。flat refusal系固定搭配，意为“断然拒绝”。因此正确答案为C。 4、B [解析] 本题意为“严格禁止接触机密文件的规定只对少数人无效”。四个选项中，forbidden的意思是“禁止”;secure的意思是“保证，获得”;regulated的意思是“管理，控制，调节”;determine的意思是“决定，确定，限定”。根据题意，正确答案为B。 5、D [解析] 本题意为“布林女士在城里仅仅生活了一年，但她似乎认识到该店来的每一个人”。D项的“acquaint使认识，使了解”符合题意。如:You must acquaint yourself with your new duties.(你必须熟悉你的新任务。)其他三项“accept接受，承认;admit招收，承认;admire钦佩，赞美，羡慕”都与题意不符。 6、D [解析] 本题意为“为了在国家之间激烈的贸易竞争中幸存下来，我们必须使我们生产的产品的质量和品种适应世界市场的需求”。D项的“gear to使适应”符合题意。如:Education should be geared to children's needs.(教育应适合学生们的需要。)其他三项“improve改善;enhance提高，增进，增强;guarantee保证，担保”都不正确。 7、A [解析] 本题意为“众所周知，我国的退休工人有权享受免费医疗”。A项的“be entitled to被授予……的权利”，如:This ticket entitles you to a free lunch.(凭此券你可免费吃一顿午餐。)其他三项“be involved in参加，参与;be associated with与……有联系;be assigned to被分配给”都不正确。 8、C [解析] 本题意为“如果您优先考虑以上问题，我们将深表谢意”。固定搭配give priority to的意思“优先……”;importance的意思是“重要性”;advantage的意思是“有利条件”;authority的意思是“权力，权限，许可”。四个选项中只有C项符合题意。 9、B [解析] 本题意为“大企业享受小企业享受不到的特别待遇”。B项“privilege特权，特别待遇”符合题意，如:Education should not be considered to be a privilege in a modern society.(在一个现代社会中，受教育不应该被看成是一种特权。)其他三项“transaction交易;subsidy补助金，津贴;substitute代用品”都不正确。 10、B [解析] 本题需要弄清楚以take为中心的四个动词短语的意思。A项的take off意思是“(飞机等)起飞”，B项的take over意思是“接替，接任”，C项的take to意思是“逃去某处;对……产生好感;逐渐习惯于做……”，D项的take up意思是“继续”。根据题意，B为正确答案。 11、B [解析] 本题是一道形近词辨析题。A项的accordingly意为“相应地;因此，所以，于是”，B项的accidentally意为“意外地，偶然地”，C项的artificially意为“人造地;造作地，虚假地”，D项的additionally意为“另外地，附加地”。根据题意，B为正确答案。 12、D [解析] D项apologized，表示“向某人道歉……”，为正确答案。 13、D [解析] A项Late形容词，表示“迟的，迟到的”;B项Later是副词，表示“后来，以后”;C项Latter为形容词，表示“后面的”;D项Lately是副词，表示“最近”，根据题句中所用的现在完成时结构，可知D项为正确答案。 14、A [解析] 本题考查比较的特殊用法。be superior to“优越于……”。 15、C [解析] in sale无此搭配，应为on sale，表示“出售，拍卖”，in need表示“需要的”，in season(水果等)应时的，时令的，in time表示“及时地，准时地”。根据题意应选C项。 16、C [解析] A项get on表示“进展，相处”，B项come over表示“过来;改变(立场)，出现(某种表情)”，C项get over表示“克服，恢复”，D项come across“表示(偶然)碰见，(越过……)来到，(偶然)发现”。 17、A [解析] A项recover“恢复(健康)”，B项discover“发现”，C项uncover“揭示”，D项cover“覆盖”。 18、D [解析] A项by all means表示“一定”，B项by any means表示“无论如何”，C项by every means用得较少，意为“竭尽全力”，相当于by all means，D项by no means“决不”。 19、A [解析] A项bring down意为“使下降”，B项cut out意为“剪除，删掉”，C项arise from“由……引起”;D顶add to“增加”。根据题意，A为正确答案。 20、B [解析] A项sensitized是动词sensitize(使敏感)的过去分词，B项sensitive“敏感的，敏锐的”，C项senseless“无感觉的，无意义的”，D项sensor“感觉(器官)上的”。 Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement 21、A [解析] 句中词“compulsory”表示“必修课”。A项“required”表示“必修的”;B项“necessary”表示“必需的”，指必不可少;C项“selected”表示“挑选的”;D项“permanent”表示“永久的”。所以应该选A。 [译文] 在那些不以英语作为母语的国家的小学里，英语课应当是必修课吗? 22、A [解析] 句中词“conventional”表示“传统的，常规的”。A项“traditional”表示“传统的”;B项“novel”表示“新颖的”;C项“capital-centered”表示“以资金为主的”;D项“consumption-centered”表示“以消费为主的”。所以应该选A。 [译文] 最后，对自由市场和传统经济学的抨击与辩护都具有极大的哲学含义。 23、C [解析] 句中词“disseminate”表示“传播，散布”。A项“disclose”表示“透露”，指把秘密公开;B项“deliver”表示“发表”，指发表意见等;C项“spread”表示“散布”，指使被广泛散发、传播;D项“analyze”表示“”。所以应该选C。 [译文] 申请者将被要求展示他们如何向大学的其他学生传播信息这方面的知识。 24、D [解析] 句中词“affluent”表示“丰富的，富裕的”。A项“plentiful”表示“丰富的”，指大量存在或供应充足的;B项“powerful”表示“强有力的”;C项“friendly”表示“友好的”;D项“wealthy”表示“富裕、富足的”，指有钱的。所以应该选D。 [译文] 一般来讲，英国属于欧洲较富裕国家之一，与其他国家相比，英国人的生活水平较高。 25、A [解析] 句中词“incentive”表示“激励”。A项“reward”表示“奖赏”，指某人因为做某事而得到的奖励;B项“opportunity”表示“机会”;C项“motive”表示“动机，目的”:D项“stimulus”表示“刺激物”。所以应该选A。 [译文] 为了吸收更年轻的劳动力，许多国家提出了退休，其激励措施就是让老年工人退休，为那些工资更低的年轻工人让路。 26、C [解析] 句中词“flourished”表示“繁荣兴旺”。A项“prevail”表示“流行”，指有势力、有影响;B项“fail”表示“失败，破产”;C项“boom”表示“迅速成长”，指日益繁荣;D项“shrink”表示“收缩，减少”。所以应该选C。 [译文] 一年以后，因为他们的共同努力以及辛勤劳动，他们新开的店生意兴隆。 27、A ] 句中词“resort”表示“采取措施”。A项“turn to”表示“求助于，诉诸于、采取”;B项“keep [解析 to”表示“遵循”;C项“stick to”表示“坚持”;D项“lead to”表示“导致、以至于”。所以应该选A。 [译文] 她的家庭给她带来的压力使她采取极端措施。 28、C [解析] 句中词“anguish”表示“痛苦”。A项“stress”表示“压力”;B项“dilemma”表示“困境”;C项“miser”表示“痛苦、不幸”，指情感上的忧伤;D项“surprise”表示“惊奇”。所以应该选C。 [译文] 我永远都不会忘记他的父母听到这个消息时脸上极度痛苦的表情。 29、A [解析] 句中词“pile up”表示“演变成、变化成”。A项“accumulate”表示“积累、堆积”，指经过一段比较长的时间由少到多地积累;B项“vanish”表示“消失”;C项“linger”表示“拖延”;D项“emerge”表示“出现”，一般指从阴暗处显露。所以应该选A。 [译文] 如果小争论没有得到解决的话，那么迟早会演变成激烈的争吵。 30、C [解析] 句中词“in vain”表示“徒劳地，无效的”。A项“unskillfully”表示“笨拙地”;B项“violently”表示“剧烈地”;C项“ineffectively”表示“无效地”，指没有达到预期效果;D项“eventually”表示“最后”。所以应该选C。 [译文] 警察试图去驱散聚集在政府大楼前的抗议人群，但都是徒劳的。 31、B [解析] 各项的意思是:ambitious有野心的，野心勃勃的;obscure朦胧的，模糊的;appalling令人震惊的，骇人听闻的;indifferent冷漠的，无关紧要的。划线单词ambiguous的意思是:模糊的。句意是:黑格尔被选为保守党的主席，部分原因是他对英国在欧盟各成员国中的地位问题所持的模糊观点。所以，答案是B。 32、B [解析] 各项的意思是:persuasion说服;determination决心，决意;devotion热爱，投入;reservation保留。划线单词stubbornness的意思是:执著。句意是:她的故事展现了略微的执着和对荣誉与名誉能够带来巨大成就的不同看法。所以，答案是B。 33、D [解析] 各项的意思是:effective有效的;efficient有效的;significant有意义的，重要的;reasonable合理的，理智的。划线单词sensible的意思是:明智的。句意是:我们有责任确保国家的继续繁荣，而最明智的方法就是投资基础科学研究。所以，答案是D。 34、A [解析] 各项的意思是:in a similar way以相同的方式;in another way以另外的方式;in a direct way以直接的方式;in an unauthorized way以未被授权、未经许可的方式。划线单词likewise的意思是:照样地。句意是:所有给委员会的信息或以同样的方式从委员会获得的信息，都是机密。所以，答案是A。 35、B [解析] 各项的意思是:as a result of作为……的结果;because of因为，由于;with regard to关于;with a view to考虑到……。划线单词on account of的意思是:由于，因为。句意是:我会大力推荐这家旅店，因为它的地理位置非常好。所以，答案是B。 36、D [解析] 各项的意思是:exactly正确地;faithfully如实地;repeatedly重复地，再三地;simply仅仅，只不过。划线单词merely的意思是:仅仅(只是。句意是:电视广告不仅仅反映了主流意识。所以，答案是D。 37、D [解析] 各项的意思是:law法律;passage通过;revision修正;clause条款。划线单词provision的意思是:规定。句意是:法律条款对该部门的运作产生了很大的影响。所以，答案是D。 38、A [解析] 各项的意思是:imperfect不完美的，有缺陷的;temporary暂时的，临时的;emergency紧急情况，突发事件;reinstalled重新设置的。划线单词faulty equipment的意思是:有故障的设备。句意是:尽管设备故障出现了问题，但还是有效的完成了某些工作。所以，答案是A。 39、C [解析] 各项的意思是:focus on集中于……;settle down专心于……;fight against抵抗，对抗;sum up总结，概括。划线单词combat的意思是:应对。句意是:7月16日，德国的波恩市重新开始了有关气候变化的探讨，以便应对全球变暖问题。所以，答案是C。 40、C [解析] 各项的意思是:lace用花边，饰带装饰;plug嵌入，插入;cease停止，终了;digest消化。划线单词halt的意思是:阻止。句意是:鲍勃认为，商业市场进入大学校园的做法正在削减基本的学术价值观，我们现在必须采取行动阻止这种衰退现象。所以，答案是C。 Part 3 Error Correction 41、B [解析] 划线部分在句中作状语，但状语的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，因此用独立结构作状语，因此B为答案。 42、D [解析] 根据句义判断，“和你们建立商务关系”表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，因此应用不定式的完成式，因此D为答案。 43、B [解析] under no circumstances放在句首，句子要倒装。由此排除选项C和选项D。再根据主句时态(现在完成时)以及题干的内容可知，此题不能用一般过去时，因此B为答案。 44、A [解析] 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时，状语从句可以用分词短语作状语。本句完整的句子应为“if it is carried out successfully...”，变成省略句时，直接用“if+过去分词”，因此A为答案。 45、B [解析] 下列表示“抵达”之意的词组只有选项B是正确的，是固定搭配。因此B为答案。 46、A [解析] 本句意为:早期的铁路是些连接已有运输干线的短线，已有的运输干线指公路、收费公路、运河和其他一些水路。主句强调:早期的铁路是些短线，定语“连接已有运输干线的”是修饰short lines的，因此A为答案。 47、D [解析] 本句意为:计算机显著地影响(改变)了制造摄影用镜头的方式。主句为The computer has dramatically affected the way, 后面是定语从句photographic lenses are constructed。因此D为答案。 48、A [解析] 本句考查的是虚拟语气的用法，本句意为:有些女人本可以有份高薪工作，但她们为了家庭的原因决定不出去工作。因是对过去的推测，应用过去完成时。因此A为答案。 49、B [解析] 本句意为:一旦某人失去生存下去的意念，别人很难帮助他们。本句是不定式的主动语态用来表示被动意义的一种句型:不定式在形容词easy, difficult, hard, comfortable, pleasant等后作状语，这类句子的主语(可指人，可指物)是不定式的逻辑宾语，此时不定式用主动式，不用被动式。因此B为答案。 50、A [解析] 本句意为:我刚到这个国家时从没想过会呆这么久。little是副词，[表否定](数量/程度上)微少，几乎没有。副词修饰动词时，一般放在被修饰的动词之前或句子的基本结构之后，如:I can hardly believe that.(我简直不能相信。)little knows一点不知道;little thought一点没想到。因此A为答案。 51、C ……缺少(不足)。所以选项C为答案。 [解析] lack in在 52、B [解析] 本句考查的是两者中的否定，应用neither of them或neither one。所以选项B为答案。 53、C [解析] 副词too+形容词/副词表示:较之能接受的或可能的多(表否定意义);如:There are too many cars on the road.(路上有太多的车。)如果仅为了表示程度:如此，那么，非常，很，可用副词so。so+形容词/副词表示:强调情感强烈，数量巨大;如:I've never seen so many people here before!(我以前从没见过这儿有这么多人!)因此选项C为答案。 54、A [解析] make light of轻视，藐视，视……为微不足道。因此选项A为答案。 55、B [解析] get tired of对……厌烦了。因此选项B为答案。 56、A [解析] 本题考查句子的时态。因为本句描述一般现象，所以谓语动词用一般现在时。which differ widely为插入语，不影响句子结构;“and”不能用于连接主语和谓语，all作主语的同位语。所以，答案是A。 57、A [解析] 本题考查固定搭配。句意为:尽管岛上的生活非常艰苦，这个医生为了当地的人们仍留在岛上。for the sake of是固定搭配，意为“为了”;for the reason后常跟that从句;in aid of“支持，援助”;而the privilege to do sth.“享有做某事的特权”;concern“关心”。所以，答案是A。 58、A [解析] 本题考查形容词辨析。句意为:约翰非常勤奋，但就他的工作而言，他的薪水不够高。enough作程度副词，意思是“足够地”，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。Good“好”，much“大量的”，后不能跟enough，legal“合法的”，sound“健全的”。因此，A为答案。 59、C [解析] 本题考查名词辨析。句意为:当他得知期末考试考了58分时，他处于极度悔恨之中。a distress“悲痛，穷困，不幸(常表由疼痛、烦恼等带来的身体或精神上遭受到的不适或紧张)”，a suffering“苦楚，受难(常强调实际忍受痛苦或疼痛)”，an agony“苦恼，极大的痛苦(常指极度 的、难以忍受的痛苦)”，a misery“痛苦，苦恼(强调悲惨或不幸，并暗示痛苦无法减轻和具有长 期性)”。因此，答案是C。 60、C [解析] 本题考查形容词辨析。句意为:倡导者——主要是家庭疗法医生——正在将一种新的治疗方法应 用于从婚姻冲突到精神问题的各种疾病中。Marriage“婚姻”;margin“边缘”;marine“海(产、 运)的”;marital“婚姻的”;martial“战争的，军事的”。根据句意可知，答案是C。 Section 2: Reading Comprehension 61、A [解析] 根据文中第一段的内容“it can be a bewildering，painful experience”可知， 这是一次令人费解的，痛苦的经历。选项中的A项为“令人迷惑的”符合文意。B项“难以置信的”，C 项“不愉快的”，D项“尴尬的”，这三项均不符合题意。 62、D [解析] 根据文中第一段的内容“So it is no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.”可知，很多家 长希望学校能教授培养孩子有抱负的课程。所以D项“怎样去帮助学校里的孩子开发他们的雄心”是本 文的主要内容。A项“在人的一生中，雄心是最必需的”，B项“做什么去改革教育体系”，C项“为什么 后进生的家长是有雄心的”，这三项不符合题意，不是本文主要阐述的内容。 63、A [解析] 根据文中第二段的内容“it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don't seem to have much”可知，发现学生自己还没有意识到的雄心壮志。选项中的A项为“发 现”符合文意。B项“探寻”，C项“追求，追逐”，D项“分析”，这三项均不符合题意。 64、C [解析] 根据文中第一段的内容“It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers.”可知，许多心理学家和教师认为，只是几年以 后，在初中开始的阶段，许多孩子好像失去了成功的自然动力，并加入到后进生的行列中。所以C项 “随着年龄的增长，很多孩子变得雄心越来越少”符合题意。A项“出生时就显示出缺少学业雄心”，B 项“做事像成人，父母很吃惊”，D项“变得越来越害怕在学校中失败”，这三项和第一段内容不符合。 65、A [解析] 根据文中第二段的内容“both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve”可知，家长和老师能重新燃起天生想达到目的的欲望。选项中的A项为“重新 点燃”符合文意。B项“确认，确定”，C项“发现，找到”，D项“点火，罢工”，这三项均不符合题意。 66、C [解析] 根据文中第一段的内容“For the parents of such kids，whose own ambition is often inseparately tied to their children's success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience.”可知，对于那些将自己的抱负与孩子的成功紧密结合的家长来说，孩子的 失败是令他们困惑和痛苦的，所以C项intolerable“无法忍受的，难耐的”符合题意。A项“自然的， 天然的”，B项“琐碎的，不重要的”，D项“可理解的，能够懂的”，这三个词语和文中表达的父母的 感想不符合。 67、B [解析] malleable的意思为“有延展性的，可锻的”，四个选项中只有flexible“柔韧性，柔软的， 能变形的，可通融的”和malleable意思最相近。其他选项的意思为:justifiable有道理的，有 理由的;uncountable不可数的;desirable值得要的，合意的。据此可知，应选择B。 68、D [解析] 根据文中第一段的内容“Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids.” 可知，我们的教育强调考试，并把学生分成不同能力水平的等级，导致孩子们缺少动力。所以D 项“他们被贴上了比其他人差的标签”符合题意。A项“与外面的世界隔离”，B项“只接受学校作业”， C项“远离班级竞争”，这三项都不是很多学生在学校里丧失雄心的主要原因。 69、A [解析] 根据文中第四段的内容“which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations”可知，把后进生的雄心壮志联系起来。选项中的A项为“抱负，雄心” 符合文意。B项“职业”，C项“目标”，D项“课程，项目”，这三项均不符合题意。 70、A [解析] 根据文中最后一段的内容“The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to tell them the notion that classwork is irrelevant is not true, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that they have to learn to walk before they can run.”可知，这里主要说的是Project IF的作用，所 以A项符合题意。B项“家庭作业的重要性”，C项“先学会走再跑的重要性”，D项“达成不同的生活目 标”，这三项和最后一段所暗示的内容不符。 71、C [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第一句“The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants.”和第二段第一句“Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers.” 可知，agents of socialization是source of information and socialization，即 是信息和社会渠道。因此，正确答案是C。 D 72、 [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第一句“The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants.”，第二段第一句“Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers.” 和第三段第一、二句“Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization.”可知，A、B、C三项均正确。只有D项在文中没有提及。故答案是D。 73、B [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第二句“In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it.” 可知，答案是B。 74、C [解析] 本题考查是非题判断。根据第一段第二三句“In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotion.”可知，A、B、D三项均正确。只有C项在文中未提及。所以，答案是C。 75、D [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第二段最后一句“The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships makes some kinds of learning difficult.”可知，令某种学习困难的 是The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships，即D项family influence。 所以，答案是D。 76、C [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第四段第一句“In earlier times, parents, friends and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhood socializers.”可 知，其中的friends即本题中所指的peers。所以，答案是C。 77、D [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第三段前两句“Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization.”可知，其中的professionals和后面的teachers from kindergarten on指的即是从幼儿园开始的教师教育。所以，答案是D。 78、A [解析] 本题考查推理判断。根据文章第三段第二、三、四句“Teachers from kinderganen on are specifically designated agents of socialization. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it...classroom instructors provide role models and attempt to convey the excitement of learning itself.” 可知，B和D两项正确。根据specifically designated...可推论出既是委派，则应该带薪的， 故C正确。因此，答案为A。 79、D [解析] 本题考查细节理解。将解题点定位于文章第四段倒数第二句“Today one must add three powerful indirect or non-personal socialization agents: radio, movies and television.”其中广播、电影和电视均属于媒体。因此，答案是D。 80、D [解析] 本题考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文从头至尾主要是列举一些重要的agents of socialization/source of information and socialization, 因此，D项为文章最佳标 题。而A、B、C三项均比较片面。所以，答案是D。 81、B [解析] 本题考查文章大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述影响人态度的因素，其中还主要讲述了老 师对发展和改变学生态度方面的重要作用，所以，答案是B。 82、C [解析] 本题考查推理判断。由常识可知，希特勒是德国元首，且名声极差，故排除A。B和D也不正 确。我们可以推断的是他具有无限的权利。所以，答案是C。 83、B [解析] 本题考查是非判断。根据第二段“The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.”可知，C项正确。根据第三段This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.可知，A项正确。根据第五段Social studies(with special reference to races，creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety，the very atmosphere of the classroom.可知，D项正确。所以，答案是B。 84、D [解析] 本题考查推理判断。根据第四段的Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before.可知，对于在家触 碰到的问题，还在学校就喜欢深研究。所以，答案是D。 85、C [解析] 本题考查推理判断。根据第四段的To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher's method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.可知，对于一个事先不了解墨西哥的孩子来说，老 师对待这一单元的态度会大大地影响孩子对墨西哥人的态度。所以，答案是C。 86、B [解析] 本题考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段To illustrate，first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion(research，outside reading and all-day trips. 可知，对于一年级的学 生，我们只能用一种方法改变其态度，而对于大点的学生，我们可以采用很多方式发展其态度。由此 推断，答案是B。 87、D [解析] 本题考查推理判断。根据第三段第一句“The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes.”可知，小学老师对学生态度的影响起决定性的作用。由此推之，答案是D。 88、D [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. 可知，老师必须不断的评估自己的态度，因为，如果她有个人偏见的话，她的影响就很有害。所以，答案是D。 89、C [解析] 本题考查细节理解。根据a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes，because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. 可知，老师必须不断的评估自己的态度，因为，如果她有个人偏见的话，她的影响就很有害。所以，答案是C。 90、A [解析] 本题考查文章意图。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了影响人态度的主要因素，其中主要介绍老师对人的态度的影响。所以，答案是A。 Section 3: Cloze Test 91、A [解析] 本题考查形容词辨异。由第一句话可知，第一家日间托儿所于1854年建立，而各地的托儿所在此后相继成立，故选A项。the later part of the 19th century指19世纪晚些时期，而the latter part of the 19th century即指19世纪的后半世纪。 92、B [解析] 本题考查代词用法。该句前用分号与前句隔开，表明其应是独立的完整句子，与前句构成并列句，而非上句的从句。故只有them合适。如果是逗号，可以用which。 93、A [解析] 本题考查名词辨异。impetus意为动力;原(推)动力。题意为:在一战期间，欧美托儿所的发展受到了极大的推动。其余三个选项:input输入，投入，imitation模仿，initiative主动性，首创精神，均与题意不符。 94、C [解析] 本题考查名词辨异。shortage意为缺乏;不足的数量;缺陷;短缺。题意为:由于劳动力的短缺使得产业工人中出现了数量空前众多的女性。sources来源，出处;abundance大量，丰富，充足;reduction减少，下降。 95、D [解析] 本题考查副词辨异。even为甚至的意思。题意为:在某些欧洲国家，甚至在军火工厂里也建立了托儿所。根据题意可以推断出此处需要一个表示递进关系的副词。其余选项均不够贴切。 96、D [解析] 本题考查连词辨异。结合上下文可知空格处缺少一个表示让步的连词，故D项正确。because“因为”，since“由于”，as“因为;当……”均无此意。题意为:尽管美国托儿所的数量也急剧增长，但它们完全没有受到政府的任何形式的资助。 97、B [解析] 本题考查副词辨异。参照96题可知B项为正确答案。rise sharply意为急剧增长，其他三个副词不能与rose搭配使用。unanimously全体一致地，一致同意地;predominantly占主导地位地，显著地;militantly激进地，好斗地。 98、C [解析] 本题考查副词辨异。结合上下文知此处为转折意义，而且该词前后都有逗号与其他部分隔开，只有however符合条件。题意为:但是，在“一战”结束后的数年中，联邦政府、各州和当地政府逐渐着手实行控制日托儿所的政策。 99、A [解析] 本题考查名词和介词的搭配。control over为习惯搭配，表示对……有控制，抑制。over亦可换成of。 100、D [解析] 本题考查动词辨异。license意为特准;核发执照。题意为:……主要通过给日托儿所核发执照并检查其内部条件。A项的formulate意为构想，规划:B项的label意为贴标签，把……称为;C项的patent意为得到……的专利权。 101、B [解析] 本题考查复合名词辨异。outbreak“爆发;突发”是由动词短语break out变化而来，the outbreak of World War?即第二次世界大战的爆发。其余三项都不合题意。outset开始，开端;breakthrough突破，突围;breakdown垮台，故障。 102、A [解析] 本题考查副词辨异。根据94题的题解可知，第一次世界大战使得劳动力短缺，产业工人中出现了数量空前众多的女性。而第二次世界大战的爆发又一次(again)使得妇女取代工厂里的男性劳动力，故选A项。 103、B [解析] 本题考查近义名词及介词搭配。只有occasion与on搭配使用，on this occasion表示在这个时机，此时。circumstance“环境，情势”通常与under连用。C项的case和D项的situation“状况，事态，情势”与in连用。 104、C [解析] 本题考查动词辨异。allocate意为拨出，分配。题意为:美国政府……于1942年7月拨出600万美元以资助一项日托儿所项目。regulate管理，调整;B项的summon意为召唤，召开;transfer转移，迁移。 105、C [解析] 本题考查动词辨异。expand意为膨胀，扩大，扩张;facilitate意为使容易，使便利;compensate意为抵消，弥补，偿还，补偿。supplement意为补充，增补，符合题意:许多州和当地社区都追加资金，以补充联邦政府的该项资助。 106、D [解析] 本题考查动词短语的正确用法。care for是固定搭配，意为照顾，养活。 107、B [解析] 本题考查名词辨异。pension意为养老金，退休金;revenue意为总收入，收益;budget意为预算;subsidy意为补助金，津贴;federal subsidy表示联邦补贴(金)。 108、D [解析] 本题考查副词辨异。prevalently意为普遍地，流行地;furiously意为狂暴地，狂怒地;statistically意为统计地，统计学上地。只有drastically可与cut down连用，表示急剧减缩。 109、A [解析] 本题考查动词辨异。由108题解可知，联邦政府先是急剧压缩其对日托儿所的补助，随后干脆取消(abolish)，A项符合题意。 110、C [解析] 本题考查对上下文的理解。此句开头有however一词，表明尽管政府在战后缩减甚至取消用于建立托儿所的费用，但是预计的大多数职业母亲将在战后放弃工作的现象并未出现，而仅有部分职业母亲离开了工作岗位(leave one's jobs)。