2017年北京市石景山区高三一模英语试题及答案

完型阅读训练(二) A Man and His Word In a used furniture business, unlike new, you cannot order stock (存货) from a catalogue. People call in, and you have to go out and make an offer. “You can’t 36 what you don’t have.” my father would say. When I was aged thirteen, my father lost his store 37 , a one-armed guy who could do more with his one arm than many will do with two. With his manager gone, my father came to me. “Will you come in while I go out to 38 the day’s calls until I find the 39 person?” he asked. The store has tens of thousands of 40 . “People like to bargain,” he told me, “So I don’t41 prices. You just have to know a 42 .” He took me around. “A quarter-horse motor you can sell for four dollars. For a refrigerator, depending on the 43 , you can sell for thirty-five dollars to sixty dollars. However, if it has a freezer that goes well, sell it for eighty dollars, in 44 condition, maybe one hundred dollars. Dishes come in with a houseful of furniture, and I don’t even45 them in when I give a price. You can sell them for a cent to a dollar. Something really nice.” Every day after 46 , I would ride to the store. Soon after, I was writing up a sales slip(纸条)for an attractive plate when my father walked in. I had asked a dollar and the guy did not 47 . I was very pleased. My father glanced down at what I was doing, 48 to the customer and said, “You sure got a bargain today. My employee gave you the 49 and that’s the price.” Afterward, I asked my father, “what was that all about ?” It turned out that it was an antique plate, worth a few hundred dollars. I was 50 . Here I was 51 to help my father in the business and instead I was losing money for him. He said, “I could’ve 52 the sales if I’d wanted to. You were just writing up the slip and hadn’t yet taken the money. Besides, by civil law, you’re under 53 . But, a man stands by his word and the word of his 54 .” The deal cost my father a small amount of money, but I learned a 55 lesson in integrity(正直). 36. A. buy B. sell C. order D. store 37. A. salesman B. friend C. boss D. manager 38. A. ask B. return C. answer D. buy 39. A. able B. honest C. right D. hardworking 40. A. items B. customers C. plates D. instruments 41. A. raise B. decide C. create D. mark 42. A. range B. name C. variety D. catalogue 43. A. price B. situation C. condition D. quantity 44. A. ordinary B. unexpected C. special D. excellent 第1页(共6页) 45. A. bring B. call C. figure D. force 46. A. school B. work C. study D. play 47. A. speak B. buy C. enter D. hesitate 48. A. went B. turned C. spoke D. laughed 49. A. plate B. gift C. price D. money 50. A. disappointed B. shocked C. a nxious D. desperate 51. A. dreaming B. pretending C. managing D. trying 52. A. offered B. encouraged C. stopped D. continued 53. A. age B. tendency C. pay D. intelligence 54. A. father B. agent C. value D. ability 55. A. lifelong B. colourful C. painful D. practical 第三部分:阅读理解(共两节,40 分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题 2 分,共30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。 B Park’s Regulations In order to protect the parks, parkways, recreational facilities and the protecting areas within the city from injury or damage, these regulations are made. The term “park”, as later used in this chapter, shall include all grounds, structures and watercourses which are or may be located within any area offered to the public use as a park, parkway, recreation facility, walking trail or conservancy district in the city. Specific regulations: 1. Littering forbidden. No person shall throw away any rubbish, refuse, earth or other material in any park. 2. Sound devices. No person shall operate or play any amplifying(扩音的)system unless specific authority is first obtained from the Common Council. 3. Pets. Dogs, cats, or other pets are forbidden in all city parks, unless permitted by the Parks and Recreation Board. Excepted from the forbidding are animals specifically trained to assist the disabled. 4. Bill posting. No person shall post, paste, fasten, paint or attach any bill, notice, sign or advertising matter upon any structure, tree or other natural object in any park, except park regulations and other signs authorized by the Common Council. 5. Removal of park equipment forbidden. No person shall remove benches, seats, tables or other park equipment from any park. 6. Making of fires. No person shall start a fire except in personal grills(烤架)or specific fireplaces. Personal grills shall be used in specific picnic areas only. All fires should be thoroughly put out before you leave the area. Unburned fuel and ashes shall be got rid of in such a manner as to prevent damage to any park property. 7. Protection of park property. No person shall kill,injure or disturb or attempt to injure or disturb waterfowl, birds or animals. No person shall climb any tree or remove flowers or fruit, or break, cut down, remove or in any manner injure, write upon or ill use any tree, flower, flower bed, soil, sand, fountain, building, structure, bench, table, official notice, sign or other property within any park or any of the facilities of the municipal(市政的)swimming pool. 8. Park hours. Subject to certain exceptions, all city parks shall be closed to people from 9 p.m. to 7 a.m. the following day. The exceptions are: a) Persons launching or loading a boat at a public dock(码头). b) The hiking paths are closed from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m.. c) Scheduled athletic games at least halfway concluded by 9 p.m. shall be allowed to continue at Cutler Park until 12 noon. 60. What are you permitted to do in the park according to the passage ? A. Pick flowers. B. Have a barbecue in specific areas. C. Begin football games at 9 p.m.. D. Hunt animals. 61. Which of the following animals are allowed into the city parks ? A. Dogs raised by children. B. Cats from the rich family. C. Dogs used by the blind. D. Horses ridden by officials. 62. The text most probably comes from ________. A. a government document B. an introduction to parks C. an environmental report D. a tour guide of a city C Owls and Larks Larks are most likely to be healthy, wealthy and wise, according to the old saying. But those who are early to bed and early to rise do not always have the upper hand, researchers say. They have found that night owls are generally brighter and wealthier than those able to get up early in the morning. Experts from the University of Madrid carried out tests on around 1,000 teenagers and found that those who preferred to stay up late proved the kind of intelligence associated with honored jobs and higher incomes. “Larks” or “morning people”, however, often acquired better exam results, possibly because lessons are held at the wrong time of day for night owls. The researchers examined the habits and body clocks of the youngsters to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep in later in the morning, or preferred to go to bed early and were at their peak in the morning. School performance and inductive(归纳的)intelligence, or problem solving, were measured and academic grades in the major subjects were also taken into account. The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning, which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and a strong indicator of academic performance. They also had a greater capacity to think conceptually as well as analytically. Such abilities have been linked to innovative(创新的) thinking, more admired occupations and better incomes. Famous night owls include President Trump, Obama, Charles Darwin, Winston Churchill, Keith Richards and Elvis Presley. George W. Bush, who is regularly in bed by 10 p.m., Thomas Edison, Napoleon, Condoleezza Rice, who wakes at 4:30 a.m., and Ernest Hemingway are among those known as larks. Jim Horne, professor of psychophysiology at Loughborough University, sa id, “Evening types tend to be the more active and creative types, the poets, artists and inventors, while the morning types are the deducers(推断者), as are often seen with civil servants and accountants.” A previous study of US Air Force recruits found that evening types were much better at thinking to solve problems than larks. 63. What does the word “owl” mean in the text ? A. A bird of prey that flies at night. B. A kind of person who stays up late. C. A kind of person who gets up early. D. A bird of prey that is a symbol of wisdom. 64. The following features belong to night owls EXCEPT that ________. A. Night owls are much healthier, wealthier and wiser B. Night owls stay up late and sleep later in the morning C. Night owls have a strong ability of inductive reasoning D. Night owls are expert in analyzing and innovative thinking 65. What’s the author’s attitude towards night owls? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Subjective. D. Negative. 66. According to the passage, which of the following is true ? A. The early bird will catch the worm. B. Morning types have a tendency to do some creative jobs. C. Night owls usually do poorer in the examinations than larks. D. President Trump and George W. Bush are models of night owls. D Work and the Young: Generation Jobless “YOUNG people ought not to be idle(闲置的). It is very bad for them,” said Margaret Thatcher in 1984. She was right: there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them ignored. Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75m (m=million) young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America (311m). Two factors play a big part. First, the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour, and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second, in emerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets, such as India and Egypt. One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt,and is anyway an possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst (such as Spain and Egypt) suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession(经济不景气), companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions: reforming labour markets and improving education. Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring, strict rules about firing, high minimum wages: all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment, in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay. Across the OECD(经合组织), people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates. What matters is not just number of years of education people get, but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work—for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany, which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world, owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships(学徒制). The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem. 67. According to the passage, which of the following statements may the author approve of ? A. A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment. B. As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled. C. Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown. D. Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment. 68. T he author mentioned the German’s education system in order to s how ________. A. rich countries are responsible for high youth unemployment B. the problem of youth unemployment has been settled C. companies have more responsibilities to settle youth unemployment D. the match between education and the labour market can reduce youth unemployment 69. What does the underlined phrase “vocational education” mean in Para.7 ? A. Moral education B. Higher education C. Technical training D. Business courses 70. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. the need for labour market revolution B. factors contributing to low youth unemployment C. the relations between education and employment D. possible ways to settle global youth unemployment 第6页(共6页)