关于during which和during which time的用法区别
更新时间:2014-12-3 12:14:08 来源:本站整理 作者:曾克辉 【大 中 小】 浏览:296 次
关于during which和during which time的用法区别
一、during which的用法
during which既可用于限制性定语从句也可用于非限制性定语从句,可指时间,也可指过程或阶段等,意思是“在……期间;在……过程中;在……阶段”等。during which time 只指时间,表示“在……期间”,通常用于非限制性定语从句。
1. during which 用于限制性定语从句时,修饰对象为先行词,先行词在定语从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。
如:
There was an exchange of fire during which the gunman was wounded.
有过交火,其间那名持枪歹徒受伤了。
说明:句中的during which 表“在交火期间”。
In 1988, Vietnam and china fought a brief naval battle during which more than 70 Vietnamese sailors died.
1988年,越南和中国曾进行过一次小规模海战,70多名越南士兵在战斗中丧生。
说明:句中的during which 表“小规模海战期间”。
2. during which用于非限制性定语从句时,既可修饰整个句子,也可修饰句子中的某个词(组),被修饰的句子或某个词(组),在从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。
如:
The couple quarreled about the baby's name, during which the grandfather kept silent.
这对夫妇为婴儿的名字吵架,在此期间爷爷一句话也没说。
说明:句中的during which只能修饰整个句子,表“在这对夫妇为婴儿的名字吵架的过程中”,因为前句中没有可被修饰的先行词。
The arrangement lasted five years, during which the boat went three times around the Continent. 这种安排延续了五年,在这期间那艘船环绕美洲大陆三次。
说明:句中的during which既能修饰整个句子,也能修饰主句中的five years。① during which修饰整个主句,表“在这种安排延续了五年的过程中”;② during which也可修饰前句中的five years,表“在这五年期间”。
▲如果句子的谓语动词为非持续性的,那么during which就只能修饰主句中的某个词(组),而这个词(组)在定语从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。
如:
He died in the Anti-Japanese War, during which my grandfather fought side by side with him.
他在抗日战争期间为国捐躯,在抗战期间,我祖父曾与他并肩战斗过。
说明:句中的during which只能修饰the Anti-Japanese War,表“在抗日战争期间”。因为die是非持续性动词,所以during which不能修饰前面的整个句子,否则意义就是“他在抗日战争为国捐躯期间”,这样句子便出现逻辑错误。
二、during which time 的用法
1. during which time通常用于非限制性定语从句,不修饰前面的整个句子,只修饰句主句中的可在定语从句中“表时间阶段”的词(组)。
如:
It took two years for me to get better, during which time he spoon-fed me and did absolutely everything around the house.
我过了两年时间才好起来,其间他喂我进食,并承担全部的家务。
说明:句中的during which time修饰two years,表“在这两年期间”。
He spent four years in college, during which time he studied medicine.
他上了四年大学,这期间他学了医学。
说明:句中的during which time修饰four years,表“在这四年期间”。
2. during which time主要用于凸显修饰主句中的时间,而不至于误认为是修饰整个句子。请看“2010年江西省名校高考信息卷(一)”的一道单项选择题:
25. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the beer I had.
A. for which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
答案是C。解析:该题考查非限制性定语从句,during which time“在三个星期期间”。
说明:这句话的中心点是“他们是‘在三个星期间’喝光了我所有的啤酒”,而“他们和我待在一起”的行为是次要的。所以,在非限制性定语从句凸显强调时间时,最佳答案当然就是during which time了,这也是命题者的初衷。其实,这道题用during which也是可以的,但修饰对象会发生变化,既可以修饰three weeks,也可以修饰整个主句,只不过意义略有差别。所以,严格地说,这道题的命题还是不够严谨的。而2005年高考英语(重庆卷)就很好地避免了during which和during which time两个选项同时出现的情况。
如:
Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ___A___ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.
A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time
▲综上所述,during which time和during which在用于非限制性定语从句时,它们在意义表达和侧重点上还是有所不同的。