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Unit1 1、The sum of $20 is due to you as a bonus (是你应得的奖金). 2. He had just received a doctorate in recognition of his contributions to psychology (以表彰他为心理学作出的贡献). 3. Insurance is only valuable if it serves a purpose (达到一种目的). 4. Don’t worry, everything will be attended to in due course． (在适当的时候得到处理). 5. This problem should be discussed first, as it takes precedence over all the others (比其他问题都重要). 6. You’ve been promoted? This calls for a celebration (需要庆祝一下). 7. The scholar’s mind thirsted for a few new books (渴望一些新书). 8. I am writing to you with reference to the job opening in your department (有关你们部门的工作机会). 9. Mary has a great diversity of interests (玛丽有广泛的兴趣爱好), she like sports, travel, photography and making radio sets. 10. The banks have committed themselves to boosting profits (承诺增加利润) by slashing costs. The independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific 1)_ employment_ : academic and industrial. For decades, academia has 2) _paid__lip service to the idea of collaboration, but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to 3)__ adjust_ . Despite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic 4)_ setting_ , collaboration remains informal and is actually 5)_ discouraged_ by the tenure [tenjuə]任期 process, in which scholars are penalized 不公平地对待 for sharing 6)_ credit_ for their work with others. Large-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past; the Manhattan Project and contemporaneous radar research, and numerous experimental particle physics projects, to 7) _cite_引证just a few examples, are not perhaps academic in the purest sense, but they 8)_demonstrate__ that academic scientists can play well with others. More recently, new systems biology studies are bringing a sense of 9)__ teamwork__ into academic life science labs, but there have been some growing pains. Still, in most of academic science—including the life science—the lone wolf still 10)__ rules_. Unit2 Cuisine in China is a harmonious 1) _integration_ of color, taste, shape and fragrance. For the cooking process, chefs pick 2) choice_ and varied ingredients and seasonings and employ the unparalleled and complicated skills 3) handed down from their fathers, always 4) _aspiring_ to their ideal of perfection for all the senses. Among the many cooking methods they use are boiling, stewing, braising, frying, 5) _steaming_ , crisping, baking, simmering. When they finish their 6) _masterpieces_ they are arranged on a variety of plates and dishes so that they are a real 7) _pleasure__ to view, to smell and ultimately to savor. The facility to 8) _partake_ of these delights is also distinctive—chopsticks! To see even the smallest child eat with such dexterity is quite 9) _amazing_ for many foreigners. The use of two simple sticks in this way is an art in itself and chopsticks have determined the way in which Chinese food is 10) _presented_ at the table. Unit3 1) Roger took painting up for a while (一时兴起喜欢上了画画), but soon lost interest. 2) A stroll round the garden(在花园里转转) hardly qualifies as exercise! 3) It seemed that he was extremely hungry because he tucked into the whole pizza quickly (狼吞虎咽地吃掉了一整个比萨饼). 4) I stumbled across/on/upon an extremely simple but very exact method (偶然发现了一种极为简单但准确的) for understanding where my money went. 5) It is a campaign both parties are waging with unprecedented zeal (以空前的热情). 6) We believe in the intrinsic value of every person/individual (个人的内在价值) and strive to provide opportunities to improve the lives of people in our community. 7) The formalists try to turn it into a stylistic game played off to one side of life, as if it were no different from chess (好像和国际象棋没有什么两样). 8) We’ll probably come to visit you next week, but in any event we’ll telephone you (不管怎样，我都会给你打电话). 9) This long pedestrianized street is packed with tourists (游人如织) with many others overlooking you from the fine restaurants and bars above. 10) He’s mulling over the proposals (他正在仔细考量这些提议) before making any changes. Task3 Snow was 1)swirling against the icy windows once more; Christmas wasapproaching fast. Hagrid had already single- handedly2) delivered the usual 12 Christmas trees to the Great Hall;garlands of holly and tinsel had been twisted around the banisters of the stairs; everlasting candles3) glowed from inside the helmets of suits of armor and great bunches of mistletoe had been hung at 4)intervals along the corridors. Large groups of girls tended to 5)converge underneath the mistletoe bunches every time Harry went past, Which caused blockages in the corridors; fortunately, however, Harry’s frequent nighttime 6)wanderings had given him an unusually good knowledge of the castle’s secret passage ways ,so that he was often, without too much difficulty, able to7) navigate mistletoe-free routes between classes. Ron, who might once have found the necessity of these detours excuse for 8)jealousy rather than hilarity, simply roared with laughter about it all. Although Harry much preferred this new laughing, joking Ron to the moody, aggressive model he had been enduring for the last few weeks, the improved Ron came at a heavy price. Firstly, Harry had to put up with the frequent 9) presence of Lavender Brown, who seemed to regard any moment that she was not kissing Ron as a moment wasted; and secondly, Harry found himself once more the best friend of two people who seemed unlikely ever to speak to each other again. “She can’t complain,” he told Harry. “She snogged Krum. So she’s found out someone wants to snog me too. Well, it’s a free country. I haven’t done anything wrong.” Harry did not answer, but pretended to be 10)absorbed in the book they were supposed to have read before Charms next morning (Quintessence: A Quest). Determined as he was to remain friends with both Ron and Hermione,he wasspending a lot of time with his mouth shut tight. 1- swirling 2- delivered 3- glowed 4- intervals 5- converge 6- wanderings 7- navigate 8- jealousy 9- presence 10-absorbed Unit4 If we look at love in other countries and cultures, we find many variations. In societies like India, love is not necessarily a 1)prerequisite for marriage. Even highly educated Indian men and women who 2)date non-Indian while living in Western countries often consent to arranged marriages. 3)Respect for parents' wishes, family traditions, and duty to the kin group are more 4)important than love. Most middle-and upper -middle class women in India can marry 5)whomever they want. Many, however, prefer arranged marriages and have veto power over undesirable 6)candidates. Arranged marriages are attractive because they offer more stability than love . According to one 7)highly educated woman in Calcutta who has been happily married for three years to a man she had met just three times before their engagement, love isn't 8)essential for marital happiness:" I met a lot of people I liked, but no one ws 9)suitable for marriage, because I was looking for practicality also. Love is important, but it's not 10)sufficient." 1、When she left me, my world just fell apart (我的世界就跨了). 2. I was in a mess and there was no one to help me, so I just had to make the best of it (所以我只好做得尽量好). 3. She’d married some American and settled down over there (在那里安家了). 4. They are not divorced but they lead completely separated lives(他们过着完全分开的生活). 5. I was steeling myself to call round (我正准备打电话过去) when Simon arrived. 6. People often feel a sense of frustration (人们常常会有沮丧感) that they are not being promoted quickly enough. 7. With the benefit of hindsight (有了后见之明的好处), it’s easy to say it was the wrong decision. 8. We are here today to honor the men and women(我们今天在这里向⋯⋯的男男女女致敬) who gave their lives for their country. 9. She consoled herself with saying(她自我安慰说) that no one else had done well in the exam either. 10. Many women are faced with such a dilemma(很多妇女都面临这样的窘境) of choosing between work and family commitments. Unit5 Yoga is an ancient system of relaxation, exercise, and healing with origins in Indian philosophy. Early descriptions of yoga are1) written in Sanskrit, the classical literary language of India. The first known work is "The Yoga Sutras," written more than 2,000 years ago, although yoga may have been 2)practiced up to 5,000 years ago. The initial concepts have been3) adapted over time through translation and scholarly interpretation, but the 4)fundamental principles describing the practice of yoga in the quest of the 5)soul remain largely intact. Yoga has been6) described as "the union of mind, body, and spirit," which addresses physical, 7)mental, intellectual, emotional, and spiritual dimensions towards an overall harmonious 8)state of being. The philosophy of yoga is sometimes9) pictured as a tree with eight branches. These eight limbs are: pranayama (breathing exercises), asana (physical postures), yama (moral behavior), niyama (healthy habit), dharana (concentration), prathyahara (sense withdrawal), dhyana (contemplation), and samadhi (higher consciousness). There are several schools of yoga practice, such as hatha yoga, karma yoga, bhakti yoga, and raja yoga. These schools vary in the proportions of the 10)exercises of the eight limbs. However, they are all similar in working towards the goal of self-realization and 11)control of mental, physiological, and psychological parameters through yogic12) experiences. In the United States and Europe, hatha yoga is commonly practiced, 13)including pranayama and asanas. Yoga is often practiced by healthy 14)individuals with the aim to achieve relaxation, fitness, and a healthy lifestyle. Yoga has also been recommended and used for a variety of 15)medical conditions. Yoga techniques can be learned in classes or through videotape instruction. Classes last from 30 to 90 minutes and are offered at various skill levels. Unit6 The culture of New York City is shaped by centuries of immigration, the city's size and variety, and its status as the cultural capital of the United States. Because of its 1) sheer size and cultural influence, New York has been the 2) subject of many different, and often 3) contradictory, portrayals in mass media. From the sophisticated and 4) worldly_ metropolis seen in many Woody Allen films, to the hellish and 5) _chaotic_ urban jungle depicted in such movies as Martin Scorsese’s Taxi Driver, New York has served as the unwitting backdrop for virtually every conceivable viewpoint on big city life. In the early years of film New York City was characterized as urbane and 6)_ sophisticated__. By the city's crisis period in the 1970s, however, films like Midnight Cowboy, The French Connection, Marathon Man, and Death Wish showed New York as full of chaos and 7)_ violence_. With the city's renaissance in the 1980s and 1990s came new portrayals on television; Friends, Seinfeld, and Sex and the City showed life in the city to be 8) _glamorous__ and interesting. Nonetheless a disproportionate number of 9) _crime_ dramas, such as Law & Order, continue to make criminality in the city as their subject even as New York has become the 10) _safest_ large city in the United States in the last two decades. 1) That a man could live for so many years alone in the mountains (一个人能够单独在山里生活这么多年) is really something unthinkable. 2) It is dangerous that you have a smattering of superficial knowledge on a subject (对任何问题一知半解). 3) It is common sense that a liquid has no definite shape, but it has a definite volume (液体没有形状，但有一定的体积）. 4) It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well: but on TV everything is much more living, much more real _ (但是在电视屏幕上，每个节目都显得更加生动，更加真实). 5) Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely where the danger lies (这恰恰是危险所在). 6) I make it clear that I was determined to carry out the plan (决心去执行这个). 7) This is because people engaged in changing reality are usually subject to numerous limitations (因为致力于变革现实的人们常常受到许多限制). 8) This is a universally accepted principle of international law_ that the territorial sovereignty doesn’t admit infringement _ (国家领土主权不容侵犯). 9) I will share with President Carter my conclusion that our two countries are destined to grow together for our mutual benefit and for the benefit of all mankind(为了我们和全人类的共同利益，我们必须共同发展）. 10) The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city (敌人可能已经逃出城了）. Unit7 1. So far as I’m concerned (在我看来), some other arrangement would have been satisfactory. 2. The management control process should endeavor to measure whether predetermined goals are being achieved (应该尽量评测既定目标是否已经达到). 3. Who’s that guy Ally has been engrossed in conversation with all night (整晚一直专注地和他交谈)? 4、It would be unwise to draw conclusions from the results of a single survey (仅凭一次调查结果就得出结论). 5. He had no friends nor acquaintances (他既没有朋友，也没有熟人), nor did he make any. 6. Only then did she tell him about the attack (她才告诉他袭击的事). 7. Shelly, as we had seen (正如我们所见), had met her through his uncle. 8. It was only lately that he had had a family himself_(他自己才成家). 9. I am afraid the problems you mention are inherent in the system (你谈到的这些问题是体制固有的). 10. He liked_young people conscientious in their work/young people who are conscientious in their(工作认真的年轻人). 11. The teacher deviated from her custom (与以往不同) and gave out no homework. If you follow that course of action, it will be at the peril of your own life / at your own peril(冒着丧失自己生命的危险). 13. His life had taken on a new dimension (呈现出一片新面貌). 14. I’m perfectly capable of looking after myself_ (能够照顾我自己), thank you. 15. The furniture is made in much the same way as it was 200years ago(和200年前几乎一样的式样). 16. The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship (拯救沉船上的海员). 17. Portugal participated in the war (葡萄牙参加了战争) by sending an army to France. 18. The difficulty is _due to our ignorance_ (由于我们的无知造成的). Unit8 Task 3 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.C Unit9 Northern Canada, including the Northwest Territories, is an 1)_ expensive place to live. Housing is at least 60% more expensive in the north 2) _than it is in southern Canada. Food prices are also 3) higher_, by at least 20%. Since building materials and foodstuffs are 4)_ imported_ from the south, the higher prices are primarily 5) due to_ transportation costs. 6) Communities far away from Yellowknife have higher costs, and communities served only by aircraft have the highest food and housing costs. For example, foodstuffs shipped by air to 7) _remote_ communities such as Sachs Harbor on Banks Island are 80% more expensive than they are in Yellowknife. To offset these high food and housing costs, 8) _wages_ are higher than those in southern Canada. In addition, most people live in public or staff housing, where rents are 9)_subsidized_ . Government employees living in remote communities receive an isolated post 10)_allowance payment to help offset the higher cost of living. 1) It seems that owning a car is so expensive that _I can’t afford it (我支付不起). 2) It took him more or less a whole day (他差不多花了一天时间) to finish the book. 3) Whether the Internet can replace newspapers (网络是否可以代替报纸) has been a matter of debate. 4) The more stock prices go up, the more people want to buy(股票越涨，人们越买) so as to reap the gains from expected future price appreciation. 5) If you really wanted to buy a house(如果你当初真想买房子) , you would save every penny. 6) His teacher has played an important role(他的老师起到了重要作用) in helping him get rid of his depression. 7) People buy big houses to catch up with the Joneses,_ regardless of whether they need all that _ (不管他们是否需要那么大的空间). 8) If you intend to be a mechanic (如果你想当个机修工) these courses are not so relevant. 9) So _what is the answer to_ (该如何解决) juvenile delinquency？ 10) The last thing he wants to see (他最不愿意看到的) is his daughter leaving home.