lecture on line graph writing 2

nullnullThe graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.nullnullA comparative study of modes of transport used by city dwellers in a European city shows us a steady decrease in transportation by bicycle and on foot from 1950 to 1990, while there was a significant increase by bus and by car. (点题并作总体说明）nullIn 1950 more than 50% of the people travelled to work on their own. However , by 1990, less than 20% of the travellers were cycling or walking to work. During the same period, there was a large increase in the use of automobiles. In 1950, very few people drove cars to work. By 1970, approximately one out of every four travellers began to use cars to work. This increase continued, and by 1990, one out of three travellers chose to drive to and from work. (按时间顺序分类描写，并对比典型数据）nullThe percentage of people taking the bus increased from 1950 to 1970 (from 20% to 28%), but by 1990 it decreased to even a little bit less than what it was in 1950. And travelling by car had become so popular that other means of transport were less frequently used. (作总结）BAR CHARTBAR CHART介绍各个扇面及其之间的总体关系。 比较各个扇面以及同类扇面在不同时期和不同地点的情况。 重点描写特点最明显的扇面：最大的，最小的或成倍数关系的扇面等。nullThe graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000. Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural Purposes, and this increased dramatically from about 500 km³ to around 3,000 km³ in the year 2000. Water used in the industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1,000 km³, while domestic use rose more slowly to only 300 km³, both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture.nullThe table illustrates the differences in agriculture consumption in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26,500 km³) with that in the D.R.C. (100 km²). This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures for water consumption per person: 359 m³ compared with only 8 m³ in the Congo. With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agriculture water consumption can be in some countries.nullA study conducted on the body mass of British men reveals that the majority of them are overweight. A few are underweight while considerably less than half attain a desirable weight. Amongst the underweight people, the young are the majority with 10.5%, followed by the old, at 2.5% and the middle aged and the elderly. These amount to 1.5 and 1 % respectively. More than half , that is to say 53% of the old are overweight. They are followed closely by the elderly, with 49.5 %, and the young, with 32.5%. Even the lowest group, the middle aged, still account for 28.5%.nullThus we can see that more men than women hold qualifications at the lower and higher levels of education, while more women reach undergraduate diploma level than men. The gender difference is smallest at the level of Bachelor's degree, however. (154 words)nullThe graph shows the number of travelers from various parts of the world entering Hong Kong for the years from 2002 to 2009. It can clearly be seen that there has been* a large increase in the number of Mainland Chinese visitors, while figures for visitors from Asia as well as other areas of the world have only shown* a slight growth.nullThe numbers of Mainland Chinese visiting Hong Kong have risen considerably over this time period. In 2002 there were nearly 7 million Mainland Chinese visitors, similar to the figure for other parts of Asia and just over double that for non-Asian travelers. This number climbed to approximately 8 million in 2003, then rose dramatically by 4 million to just over 12 million only one year later. Since 2004 there has been a steady increase, with around 18 million Mainland Chinese travelers visiting Hong Kong in 2009. This is more than double the number for that year of other visitors from Asia, and around four times the figures for non-Asian visitors. nullThe figures for travelers from other parts of the world show similar trends: first a dip of roughly one-third the total number of visitors from 2002 to 2003, then slow growth until 2007 followed by a leveling out. Overall, the numbers of Asian tourists rose by 1 million from just under 7 million in 2002 to roughly 8 million seven years later, while the corresponding figures for visitors from non-Asian parts of the world were roughly 3 million and 4.5 million respectively. nullTo sum up, in recent years Hong Kong has become an increasingly popular destination for visitors, especially people from mainland China who currently outnumber those from all other parts of the world combined. nullDescribing line graphs 单线单线跟随横轴的延伸，阐述纵轴的变化，在写作时，可以按照曲线持续上升、下降、平衡把曲线分成好几个区间或阶段分别进行描述。 多线多线在对各曲线分别进行描述完后，要注意曲线之间差异的比较，尤其要注意同一时间点，或同一时间段不同曲线的值和趋势的对比。 一根曲线一段话，段落内部描述顺序按照单根曲线进行。null极点说明：对图表中最高的，最低的点要单独进行说明。 趋势说明：对图表中曲线的连续变化进行说明，如上升，下降，波动，持平。 数字说明：导入相关的数据和信息来证明. Line graph 5.vocabulary Line graph 5.vocabularynullnullThe chart below shows the Australia’s share of the Japanese tourist market from 1985 to 1994.The chart below shows the Australia’s share of the Japanese tourist market from 1985 to 1994.null3. how to describe the chart a. y-axis as subject : number + trend (verb) example: 1. The number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad increased from approximately 5 million in 1985 to 15 million in 1995. 2. Between 1985 and 1995, the number of Japanese tourists per year traveling abroad tripled, from 5 million to 15 million. b. there + be there + be +tendency 1. there was a decline in the number of Japanese tourists heading to Australia in 1989 2. there were two incidences of decline in this trend. C. X-axis as subject Time +saw/witnessed + increase/decrease. The years 1994 and 1995 also saw great increases.nullThe line graph illustrates / shows/ indicates /describes/ reflects the change of profit from 1986 to 2000/ during the 14-year period from 1986 to 2000.nullThe line graph provides an overview of profit of BBC Corporation. The line graph illustrates how the profit of BBC changes from 1986 to 2000 null1）There be句型 There was a gradual/ steady increase in the annual profit from 1987 to 1989. 2）动词词组 From 1987 to 1989, the annual profit of BBC Corporation rose steadily to 60 million.null3）名词词组 The annual profit showed a steady increase from 1987 to 1989. The annual profit experienced a steady rise between 1987 and 1989. The annual profit saw a steady climb / rise in the period between 1987 and 1989, from 50 million to 60 million. nullnull2．The annual profit of BBC Corporation remained level at 50 million dollars from 1980 to 1987. 持平 null保持平衡 With a plateaunull1）remain/stay/maintain+adj. The annual profit of BBC remained/stay/maintain steady/ stable / unchanged/ level/constant from 1986 to 1987. 2）动词(词组) The annual profit of BBC Corporation leveled out/off/ stabilize from 1986 to 1987.nullnullSince 1996, share prices for Coca-Cola have fluctuated. In that year, shares were valued at approximately $35. Between 1996 and 1997, however, prices rose significantly to $70 per share. They dipped a little in mid-1997 and then peaked at $80 per share in mid-98. From then until 2000 their value fell consistently but there was a slight rise in mid-2000.