2010高考二轮复习试题：二十 阅读表 达

2010高考二轮复习英语考案 专题二十 阅读达 【专题考案】                        （1） American voters went to the polls on Tuesday to elect a new president，who is also the chief executive of the US government and commander-in-chief of the US military. However，Americans do not vote directly for a presidential candidate．Instead，they choose the electors who represent them in choosing the president．In most states，the names of the electors do not appear on the ballot at a11. Instead，the ballot(选票)says that voters are selecting the “electors for”．This is followed by the names of the candidates for office．The number of electoral votes in a state is equal to the number of senators．Each state has two senators. But the number of house representatives a state has is based on the size of its population．So, the number of electors varies from state to state．A majority of 270 electoral votes out of a total of 538 is needed for victory． In most states, the winner of the popular vote gets all of the state’s electoral votes．This is a “winner takes all” system．The electors from each state meet and officially vote for the president and vice president on the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December of the election year．But，a winner is usually declared not long after the election，based on the popular vote．This Electoral College system has been operating since 1788．It was established because some of the founding fathers wanted Congress to elect the president, while        ．The system represents a compromise between these two desires. 1.What’s the title of the passage?(6 words) 2． Complete the sentence in the last paragraph． 3.  Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese． 4.What do common Americans vote for? (15 words) 5．What can decide the number of House representatives of each state? (5 words) （2） If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake, tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day. Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates that__________. Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us.” So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours in about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed. Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. “When you put the light out,” Dr. Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it.” 1. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words) _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel. Try to find some arguments from the passage against the idea. (Please answer within 30 words) _______________________________________________________________________________                                                                      5. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese. ______________________________________________________________________________                                                                              (3) You might be reading this article and saying, “Hey, that sounds just like me!” If so, we’re glad you recognize that this happens to you. Now you can start taking steps to lessen your test anxiety. Here are some ways to do that: Ask for help. Talk to your mom or dad, your teacher, or your school guidance counselor. Just talking to someone about test anxiety can make you feel better .Describe what happens to you when you’re taking a test and these people can help you figure out some solutions. For instance, learning study skills can boost your test –day confidence. Be prepared. Pay attention in class. Do your homework. Study for the test. On test day, you’re more likely to feel like you know the material. Block bad thoughts. Watch out for any negative messages you might be sending yourself about the test (“I’m no good at taking tests” or “I’m going to freak our if I get a bad grade”) .These thoughts can make anxiety worse and make it harder for you to do well on the test. _____________.Everyone makes mistakes .Be more forgiving of your own mistakes, especially if you prepared for the test and are set to do your best. Breathe better. OK, so you already know how to breathe .But did you know that breathing exercises can help calm you down? (Just try not to take in too much air because it might make you feel dizzy.) Here’s how to do it: Inhale (breathe in) slowly and deeply through your nose, and then exhale (breathe out ) slowly through your mouth. Do this two to four times and you just might breathe easier the next time you’re taking a test! 1. What is the best title of the passage ? (Please answer within 10 words) ___________________________________________________________________________  2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? Having too many negative messages in mind leads to worse test anxiety, which may stop you doing well on the test. _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Please fill in the blank in the last but one paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Which of the tips do you think is the most useful? (Please answer within 30 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Translate the underlined sentence in the 6th paragraph into Chinese. (4) These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories, and offices. Green building means “reducing the impact (影响) of the building on the land”, Taryn Holowka of the U.S. Green Building Council in Washington, D.C., said . According to Holowaka, building account for 65 percent of total U.S. electricity use. But green building can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, ________________. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on developed land, so that the buildings don’t destroy forests . Mary Dettling is project manger for a building that put these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the country’s first green high-rise building. According to Dettling, “We’re reduced our energy use by one-third and our water by 50 percent,”. The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, the building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts water reusing it . Not everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources. Anyhow, Holowaka said, “It’s going to be big.”  1. What is the best title of the passage ? (please answer within 10 words) ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one ? Green building will become popular in future . . _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence .( Please answer within in 10 words .) ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Do you think a green building is better than a common building ? Why? (Please answer within 30 words .) _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.Translate the underline sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.  _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) For most Americans, a clean glass of water is just a matter of turning on a faucet（水龙头. But for many of the world’s poorest, it’s hard to get . On Wednesday, the United Nations(UN)marked World Water Day by trying to cut the number of people without good drinking water-one billion human beings worldwide-in half. In the next ten years ,the UN will work with governments around the world to reduce the shortage. Without clean water nearby, many people use water _______________________ . In India, many people bathe and wash their clothes in rivers that are polluted by human waste. According to the UN, not having enough clean water and sanitation causes more than three million deaths a year. “The links between water and human heath are powerful,” said Dr Lee Jong Wook, director-general of the World Health Organization(WHO). “We cannot live without clean water.” In fact, the International Federation of the Red Cross said that quick reaction after last year’s Asian tsunami(海啸)had stopped disease. The agency provided clean water to nearly 500,000 people in Indonesia and Sri Lanka after the tsunami. World Water Day was first celebrated in 1993. Since then, it is celebrated each year on March 22. 1. What is the best title of the passage? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by this one? The quality of the water is closely connected with human health. ______________________________________________________________________________                                                                              3. What did the International Federation of the Red Cross do after the tsunami? And why? _____________________________________________________________________________                                                                            4. Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Translate the first paragraph into Chinese. _______________________________________________________________________________ (6) In the United States, train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes. Most people like traveling by car or by air. Officials of the United States Department of Transportation made a study in 2001. The study is about how many miles Americans traveled by different means of transportation. They only studied trips longer than 50 miles. The study showed that fifty-six percent of all miles were traveled in personal vehicle. Forty-one percent were traveled in an airplane. Two percent were traveled in a bus. And less than one percent of miles were traveled in a train. Amtrak is the national provider of train transportation in the United States. In the past ten years, the number of its passengers has increased by eighteen percent. Although the number of passengers has increased, it is still very small now. In countries such as France, Germany, or Japan, more people use trains. There are several reasons why many people __________________________. Firstly, Americans love to drive their own cars. On highways, cars can travel as fast as trains. These highways connect all major cities in America．Secondly, many travelers like to be independent. When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel. Thirdly, many buses travel between major cities. Bus travel is less costly than train travel. In a huge country like the United States, cities are far away from each other. In some cases, travel from one city to another by train may take more than a day. Airplanes can carry passengers over long distances much faster. People who do not want to spend long time traveling by train decide to fly. For these people saving time is the most important thing.