英美国家概况

Lecture 1 1. The United Kingdom is located in _C___. A. northern Europe B. western Europe C. northwestern Europe D. southeastern Europe 2. The two large islands that make up the British Isles are __D__. A. Scotland and Ireland B. Britain and Scotland C. Great Britain and Northern Ireland D. Great Britain and Ireland 3. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __B__. A. 1921 B. 1931 C. 1945 D. 1950 4. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries __A__. A. that were once colonies of Britain B. that have a large number of British immigrants C. that have close relations with Britain D. that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars 5. The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from C____. A. Denmark B. Belgium C. France D. the Netherlands 6. England has three main land regions. They are the Southwestern Plateau, the Pennies, and _A__. A. the Eastern Plain B. the Highland C. the Central Lowlands D. the Southern Uplands 7. Scotland occupies the _B___ third of the island of Great Britain. A. southern B. northern C. eastern D. western 8. Northern Ireland, which takes up the northern fifth of Ireland, is a fourth political division of ___A_. A. the United Kingdom B. Ireland C. Scotland D. Wales 9. Britain’s longest rivers are ___D_. A. the Severn and the Clyde B. the Thames and the Clyde C. the Clyde and the Humber D. the Severn and the Thames 10. The largest lake in the British Isles is _B___. A. Loch Lomond B. Loch Neagh C. Windermere D. Ullswater 11. Britain’s clim ate is influenced by_A___, a warm ocean current that passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them. A. the North Atlantic Drift B. the Brazil Current C. the Labrador Current D. the Falkland Current 12. Although Wales has been united with England for more than 400 years, the Welsh has kept alive __D__. A. their own language B. their own literature C. their own tradition D. All of the above key 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A7.B8.A9.D10.B 1l.A l2.D Lecture 2 1. The first known settlers of Britain were the _B___. A. Celts B. Iberians C. Anglo-Saxons D. Romans 2. Roman control was only effective in _D___. A. Scotland B. Wales C. London D. The southeast of England 3. Christianity was first brought to England by the _A___. A. Romans B. Celts C. Anglo-Saxons D. Danes 4. The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly 400 years and they pulled out in ___B_. A. 306 AD B. 410 AD C. 446 AD D. 1066 AD 5. ___C_ became the first Archbishop of Canterbury. A. Columba B. Ethelbert C. St. Augustine D. Egbert 6. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A A. The Anglo-Saxons. B. The Normans. C. The Vikings. D. The Romans. 7. Which of the following statements is NOT true?D A. Alfred the Great started the English navy. B. Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon, making it more efficient. C. Alfred the Great established schools and formulated a legal system. D. Alfred the Great imposed a tax, called the Danegeld, on the Saxons. 8. Which of the following is NOT true?C A. Edward the Confessor was more French than English. B. Edward the Confessor filled his court with 'foreign' favorites. C. Edward the Confessor was on very good terms with his father-in-law, Earl Godwin. D. Edward the Confessor appointed a Norman priest Archbishop of Canterbury. 9. When Edward the Confessor died, _B___was chosen by the Witan as king Of England. A. the king of Norway B. Harold Godwinson, Earl of Wessex C. Edgar, Edward's nephew D. Tostig, the deposed Earl of Northumbria 10. Tostig, Harold's brother, joined__A__, and made an attempt to recover his lost earldom of Northumbria. A. Harald Hardrada, King of Norway B. Edgar, Edward's nephew C. Malcolm II, King of the Scots D. Hardicanute 11. William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in__B__. A. 1086 B. 1066 C. 1035 D. 1381 12. William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as__D__. A. William the Confessor B. William Lion-Heart C. the father of the British navy D. William the Conqueror key 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A7.D8.C9.B10.A 1l.B l2.D Lecture 3 1. _C___ was the founder of the Plantagenet dynasty and ruled England for 35 years. A. Henry I B. King Stephen C. Henry II D. Count of Anjou 2. Henry II took some measures to bring the disorders of _B___reign to an end. A. Henry I's B. King Stephen's C. William II's D. Edward the Confessor's 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A A. Henry II did some renovations of castles built in Stephen's time. B. Henry II recalled grants of Royal lands made by Stephen. C. Henry II strengthened the powers of his sheriffs. D. Henry II relied for armed support upon a militia made up of English Freemen. 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?B A. The Bishop's courts could punish by means of censure. B. The Bishop's courts could inflict corporal punishment. C. The Bishop's courts could punish by means of excommunication. D. The Bishop's courts could punish by mean of penance. 5. After Thomas Becket rejected the Constitutions of Clarendon Henry II_C___. A. appointed him Chancellor of England B. made him Archbishop of Canterbury C. drove him into exile D. increased the Jurisdiction of the church courts 6. The Great Charter (or Magna Carta) was signed by King John at Runnymede in___D_. A. 1162 B. 1164 C. 1210 D. 1215 7. Simon de Montfort summoned in___C_ the Great Council to meet at Westminster, together with two knights from each county and two citizens from each town. A. 1242 B. 1258 C. 1265 D. 1266 8. During the reign of __B__, Wales was brought under English rule. A. Henry III B. Edward I C. Edward II D. Edward III 9. __C__ became the first prince to hold the title of Prince of Wales, which continues to be borne by the eldest son of the reigning monarch. A. Richard I B. Henry III C. Edward II D. Edward III 10. The chief demand of the peasants during the Peasant Uprising of 1381 was___A_. A. the abolition of villeinage B. the punishment of the King's ministers C. the increase of wages D. the reform of the church 11. The Peasant Uprising of 1381 did not direct against__D__. A. the rich clergy B. the King C. the landowners D. the town traders 12. Although the Wars of the Roses were fought intermittently for _B___ years, ordinary people were little affected and went about their business as usual. A. 20 B. 30 C. 40 D. 50 key 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. B Lecture 4 1. The Renaissance began in northern Italy in the early __D__century, and was typified by the universal genius of Leonardo Da Vinci. A. 11th B. 12th C. 13th D. 14th 2. The English Renaissance is said to have begun in _C___. A. 1422 B. 1478 C. 1485 D. 1495 3. Which dynasty witnessed the transition of England from a feudal country to a modern one?A A. the Tudor B. the Plantagenet C. the Stuarts D. the Hanovarians 4. When did Columbus discovered the New World?B A. 1420 B. 1492 C. 1499 D. 1501 5. Which of the following statement is NOT true?A A. Henry VIII was a kind and gentle man and everyone loved him. B. Henry VIII was a powerful, intelligent, ambitious king. C. Henry VIII created the Royal Navy and strengthened British sea power. D. Henry VIII founded the Church of England because he wanted a divorce. 6. How many wives did Henry VIII have?C A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 10 7. Why did Henry VIII want a son so much?B A. To have someone to play football with. B. To have a male heir to the throne when he died. C. Because he didn't like girls. D. Because he was not educated to treat women equal with respect. 8. Which of the following statements is NOT true?D A. Elizabeth I broke Mary's ties with Rome. B. Elizabeth I restored her father's independent Church of England. C. Elizabeth I's religious reform was a compromise of views. D. Elizabeth I's religious settlement was acceptable to both extreme Protestants and ardent Catholics. 9. When the Spanish fleet was destroyed by English ships under Elizabeth I?A A. 1588 B. 1589 C. 1599 D. 1600 10. The English Renaissance was especially significant for three literary forms, except .C A. drama B. poetry C. novel D. prose 11. The direct cause of Reformation in England was that .B A. the Pope wanted more revenue from England B. Henry VIII decided to divorce his wife Catherine and the Pope rejected it C. the Pope wanted England to make up with France after the Hundred Year's War D. Englishmen were eager to reform the Catholic Church. 12. Who first started Reformation in Germany and translated the Bible into German?D A. Thomas Becket B. Aurelius Augustinus C. John Wesley D. Martin Luther key 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D Lecture 5 1. James VI of Scotland succeeded Elizabeth I and became James I of England in ____. A. 1601 B. 1603 C. 1615 D. 1625 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The Puritans believed that the Reformation had gone too far. B. The Puritans became very powerful in Parliament. C. The Puritans were very happy when they heard that James had become king of England. D. The Puritans called for a purer form of worship. 3. The Puritans suspected James I of England being a secret ____because of his pro-Spanish foreign policy and his son's Spanish marriage alliance. A. Buddhist B. Catholic C. Protestant D. Muslim 4. In ____ a small group of Puritans sailed from Plymouth in the Mayflower, and found New Plymouth in America, Britain's first settlement in the New World. A. 1614 B. 1615 C. 1620 D. 1621 5. The Great Civil War, as it became known, lasted from ____ until 1649. A. 1639 B. 1640 C. 1641 D. 1642 6. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Oliver Cromwell was appointed to be the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England by the Rump. B. Oliver Cromwell crushed without mercy a rebellion in Ireland. C. Oliver Cromwell suppressed the Levellers, a group within his own army who advocated total religious and social equality. D. Oliver Cromwell replaced the Rump with an assembly largely chosen by himself. 7. In 1660 the monarchy was restored and Charles I's son was brought back from ____, where he had fled for safety. A. Flanders B. France C. Holland D. Germany 8. The Enclosure Movement was a period in which " devour men" as described in Thomas More's Utopia. A. pigs B. cattle C. sheep D. dogs 9. James I and Charles I clung to the theory of the . A. trial by ordeal B. rule by law C. separation of powers D. Divine Right of Kings 10. is the key to Industrial Revolution. A. Iron B. Cotton textile C. Coal mining D. Steam engine 11. The Industrial Revolution started in . A. Canada B. the United States C. France D. the United Kingdom 12. When was the Glorious Revolution to remove James from the throne? A. 1600 B. 1620 C. 1688 D. 1698 key 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. C Lecture 6 1. Appeals in criminal cases in England are heard by the following EXCEPT . A. the Court of Appeal B. the County Court C. the House of Lords D. the Crown Court 2. The High Court has the following divisions EXCEPT . A. Queen's Bench Division B. Family Division C. Chancery Division D. Justice Division 3. In the civil court system, the level closely higher than the county court is . A. the Magistrate Court B. the Court of Appeal C. the High Court D. the House of Lords 4. In the criminal court system, the level closely higher than the magistrate court is . A. the County Court B. the High Court C. the Crown Court D. the Court of Appeal 5. Which of the following is not the source of law in Britain? A. British Constitution B. Statutes C. Common Law D. Equity Law 6. All the following are unestablished churches EXCEPT . A. the Church of Wales B. the Churc of England C. the Church of Ireland D. the Roman Catholic Church 7. The religious leader of the Church of England is . A. the King B. Lord Chancellor C. Archbishop of York D. Archbishop of Canterbury 8. Which sport is the national sport of England? A. Cricket B. Golf C. Soccer D. Tennis 9. Which sport is the most popular one in England? A. Horse race B. Rugby C. Polo D. Soccer 10. Which country is the home of golf? A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Ireland 11. Which festival is celebrated on November 5th for English people to light bonfires? A. Guy Fawkes' Day B. May Day C. Valentine's Day D. Christmas Day 12. The most famous and important universities in the U.K. are and . A. University of Edinburgh, University of York B. University of Oxford, University of Nottingham C. University of Oxford, University of Cambridge D. University of Cambridge, University of Sheffield key 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. C Lecture 7 1. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S. economy except ______. A. the vast space and resources of the land B. its location C. English as its national language D. hard work by the people 2. The most important and largest river in the U.S. is . A. the Mississippi River B. the Ohio River C. the Colorado Rive D. the Missouri River 3. The north-eastern part of the U.S.-New England has a climate. A. fairly warm B. very cold C. dry D. mild 4. To the west of mainland America lies the Ocean. A. Atlantic B. Pacific C. Indian D. Arctic 5. The Rocky Mountains are located in . A. Great Britain B. Australia C. South America D. North America 6. Which states are separated from the mainland America? A. Florida and Georgia B. New York and Texas C. Alaska and Hawaii D. Alaska and Arizona 7. Which of the following states is named after the first President of America? A. Utah B. Vermont C. Virginia D. Washington 8. Which of the following statements about American agriculture is WRONG? A. Crops are cultivated with high efficiency. B. 1/5 of the population are farmers. C. The production process is higly mechanized. D. The productivity of American agriculture is at the top of the world. 9. Which of the following national parks is the first one established in the U.S.? A. Yellowstone National Park B. Arches National Park C. Grand Canyon National Park D. Hot Springs National Park 10. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States. A. Erie B. Superior C. Michigan D. Ontario 11. _____ part is the least populated region in America. A. The northeastern B. the southeastern C. the southwestern D. the western 12. Hawaii is located in the Ocean. A. Central Pacific B. Northern Pacific C. Northern Atlantic D. Southern Pacific key 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A Lecture 8 1. The original 13 colonies were colonized by the . A. British B. Spanish C. French D. German 2. Which of the following statements is not TRUE about Native Americans? A. They came to settle down in North America earlier than the colonists from Europe. B. They took the land as their personal property. C. They were seen and treated as barbarians by the white men. D. Diseases brought by the Europeans wiped out thousands of Indians in America. 3. Christopher Columbus discovered the New World in . A. 1430 B. 1439 C. 1467 D. 1492 4. America was named after an Italian explorer, who was . A. Juan Ponce de Leon B. Vasco Nunez de Balboa C. Ferdinand Magellan D. Amerigo Vespucci 5. The British empire settled its first permanent colonly in America at in 1607. A. Marytown, Georgia B. Jamestwon, New York C. Jamestown, Virginia D. Charlestown, Virginia 6. The New England colonies were founded by . A. Puritans B. Catholics C. Jews D. Protestants 7. Which of the following states was not the middle colony? A. New York B. New Hampshire C. New Jersey D. Delaware 8. The following states are among the first 13 coloniest except . A. Connectict B. Rhode Island C. Utah D. Maryland 9. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____. A. simple B. easy C. rough D. hard 10. Most immigrants from Britain are sometimes known as . A. WASPS B. AWPSS C. WSAPS D. WASCS 11. Native Americans moved into North America from Asia years ago or more. A. 2000 B. 10,000 C. 20,000 D. 100,000,000 12. Which of the following is not the reason that Europeans moved to America? A. For money. B. For religious freedom. C. For political freedom. D. For fun. key 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D Lecture 9 1. The clash at Concord and Lexington was . A. the beginning of the second Continental Conference B. the beginning of the War of Independece C. a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significance D. none of the above 2. What were the causes of the War of Independence? A. The development of colonial economy led to demand for more power to determine their own business. B. The cruel exploitation of the colonies by the British government. C. Colonial people wanted to overthrow the monarch in Britain. D. A and B. 3. The victory of was the turning point of the War of Independence. A. Saratoga B. Gettysburg C. Trenton D. Yorktown 4. The Seven Years' War was fought between and in North America. A. France and Indians B. France and Spain C. France and Britain D. Britain and Indians 5. Which act was passed to tax molasses imported into the colonies? A. Townshend Acts B. Sugar Act C. Stamp Act D. Currency Act 6. The incident that a group of American colonists poured the tea cargo of the East Indian Company into Boston Harbor in 1773 later was known as the " ". A. Boston Tea Party B. Boston Massacre C. Boston Slaughter D. Boston Tea Incident 7. The Declaration of Independence was written by . A. George Washington B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson D. John Adams 8. When was America's Independence Day? A. May 1 B. July 4 C. July 14 D. September 11 9. The First Continental Congress was held in in September 5, 1774. A. Boston B. New York C. Philadelphia D. Plymouth 10. The War of Independence started in and ended in with a peace settlement. A. 1776, 1781 B. 1776, 1782 C. 1776, 1783 D. 1776, 1814 11. Which country became an ally of the 13 colonies in the War of Indepdence? A. Mexico B. France C. Germany D. Netherland 12. The significance of the War of Indepence is that . A. It paved the way for the development of capitalism in North America B. It initiated a period of bourgeouis revolution against colonial rule C. Both A and B D. None of the above The First Continental Congress was held in __ A ___ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New York The First Continental Congress was held in __ A ___ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New York key 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. C Lecture 10 1. In the Articles of Confederation the federal government was given the following power EXCEPT . A. the power to declare war B. the power to manage foreign affairs C. the power to raise land forces D. the power to collect taxes 2. Which of the issue was not resolved in the constitutional convention? A. The power of the federal government and the rights of the states. B. The issue of the West. C. The issue of tariffs. D. The issue of slavery. 3. The constitutional convention was held in 1787 to revise . A. the Articles of Confederation B. Bill of Rights C. the Great Charter D. Civil Rights 4. The first ten amendments, known as , were added to American Constitution in 1791. A. the Articles of Conferation B. Bill of Rights C. Civil Rights D. the Declaration of Independence 5. The Bill of Rights Amendments . A. deal with procedural matters B. included not only procedural guarantees but also guarantees of basic rights for the individual C. were adopted merely to satisfy those who opposed the Constitution D. were reluctantly accepted by the Federalists 6. After the Federal Government was established, the city was chosen as the capital for the time being. A. Philadelphia B. New York C. Washington D. Boston 7. Which of the following was NOT true of President Thomas Jefferson? A. He was elected as the second President of America. B. He wrote the Declaration of Independence. C. He purchased Louisiana from France. D. He established the University of Virginia in 1819. 8. Who was known as the "Father of the Constitution"? A. George Washington B. John Adams C. James Madison D. Thomas Jefferson 9. The War of 1812 is also known as . A. the Seven Years' War B. Second War for Independence C. American Revolution D. the War of Independece 10. Andrew Jackson tried his best to protect the interests of the " " A. common man B. privilege class C. upper society D. middle class 11. The Westward Movement is a term to describe the frontiers. A. first and second B. second and third C. third and fourth D. first, second and third 12. The result of the War with Mexico in 1846 was . A. American annexation of California B. the independence of Mexico C. a payment of 15 million USD to Mexico for the annexation of California and New Mexico D. a payment of 15 million USD to Mexico key 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. C Lecture 11 1. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves. A. Declaration of Independence B. American Constitution C. Emancipation Proclamation D. Bill of Rights 2. "That government of the people, by the people, for the people..." were the words by American President . A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. James Madison D. Abraham Lincoln 3. The President during the American Civil War was . A. George Washington B. John Adams C. Abraham Lincoln D. Andrew Jackson 4. How many states ended up seceding from the Union at first? A. 6 B. 10 C. 11 D. 15 5. It was the dispute over that touched off the American Civil War. A. the spoils system B. the slavery C. the federalism D. the serf system 6. President Lincoln made a worl-famous speech after one battle during the American Civil War. It's "the battle of ". A. Appomattox B. New Orleans C. Richmond D. Gettysburg 7. During the American Civil War, the South states formed a new nation. Its president was . A. Jefferson Davis B. Abraham Lincoln C. General Grant D. General Lee 8. Which of the following was NOT true about the Missouri Compromise of 1850? A. California was admitted to join as a free state. B. The slave trade was not abolished in the District of Columbia. C. The residents had the right to decide whether to allow slavery in New Mexico. D. The fugitive slaves in the North should be caught and sent back to South. 9. The American Civil War started in and ended in . A. 1776, 1783 B. 1812, 1814 C. 1861, 1865 D. 1861, 1864 10. Where were the first shots of the war fired? A. Fort Scott B. Fort Harrison C. Fort Summet D. Fort Sumter 11. About how many American soldiers lost their lives in the Civil War? A. 600 B. 6,000 C. 60,000 D. 600,000 12. Afte the Civil War, America experienced . A. fast development of industry B. ther expansion of the railroads C. the growing tensions between employers and workers D. all of the above key 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. D Lecture 12 1. The policy the United States actually pursued in the first two years of WWI was ______. A. impartial neutrality B. partial neutrality C. firm support of the Allies D. Pro-Ally partial neutrality 2. Which of the following typically represented the world pattern between the two world wars? A. The Versailles Treaty System B. The Versailles Treaty System and the Washington Treaty System C. The collapse of the German, Austro-Hungary and the Ottoman colonial systems D. Both B and C 3. One of the serious weaknesses in American economy in the 1920s was _____. A. uncontrolled speculation in the stock market B. tariff protection C. huge profits of big businesses D. too much control over the banking system 4. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s first brought about by ______. A. bank failures B. serious unemployment C. farm foreclosures D. the stock market crash 5. The Hoover Administration ______ to deal with the economic crisis. A. took effective measures B. did not take any measure C. refused to take strong government action D. asked the private sector 6. Most of the measures F.D. Roosevelt took in the first hundred days he was in the White House were to ______. A. stop bank failures B. prevent radical actions in the United States C. prevent the further worsening of the economic situation and lessen the personal sufferings of the people D. prevent further worsening of the unstable political situation 7. The purpose of the New Deal measures was to ______. A. save American democracy and the capitalist system B. check the worsening of the economic situation C. help people tie over the difficulty D. increase American export 8. Although it was which pushed the U.S. into the Second World War, the American government decided that they should defeat Germany first. A. Italy B. Japan C. China D. Britain 9. In what year did the Second World War begin? A. 1937 B. 1938 C. 1939 D. 1941 10. What Day was D-day? A. On June 6, 1944 B. On June 16, 1944 C. On June 26, 1944 D. On December 2, 1942 11. The essence of the Truman Doctrine was ______. A. to provide economic and military support for any country which was fighting internal Communist rebels or external Communist pressure B. to provide aid for Greece and Turkey which were fighting against Communism C. to provide economic aid to needy countries D. to give moral support to the struggle of free people 12. As a result of American economic aid under the Marshall Plan, Western Europe _____. A. managed to tie over the difficult years in the late 1940s B. succeeded in solving the food problem C. recovered from war destruction and its economy began to develop D. became prosperous key 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. C