新世纪中医英语课程上册 总结

新世纪中医英语课程上册 Topic one ----- An Overview of Chinese Medicine Chinese medicine, known as the essence of Chinese culture, is more and more welcome throughout the world. Basically, it is the recognition of ancient Chinese people toward the world and human selves. Based on the philosophy of holism and the correspondence between human being and universe and the theory of Yin and Yang, five elements, meridian and ZangFu theory, and Qi, Blood, Essence, Body Fluid theory, Chinese medicine focuses on the regulation on the whole body with herbal medicine or acupuncture. It is also accept as alternative medicine in other countries because of its specific effect on certain diseases. Topic two ----- Yin and Yang Yin and Yang is basically, the two sides of the things and the world. To be simplified, Yin represents the negative side while Yang corresponds to the positive side of the world. This classification can be extended to everything and every aspect of the thing. Take human for example, man belongs to Yang and woman belongs to Yin, and the upper part a person belongs to Yang and the lower part of the same person belongs to Yin, the back of the person belongs to yang while the abdomen belongs to yin, and so on. This classification can be endless, and in TCM, we firstly use this method to judge if this patient is in good situation or bad one. Anyway, it is a sound and easy way to know the world. Topic three ----- Jing (Essence), Blood and Body Fluid In TCM Theory, Qi, Blood, Essence, and Body fluid is the source of energy in our body, and the basic element to compose ourselves. Qi, a basic element which is constantly on the move, represents the pushing, warming, defending, containing and transforming function of body tissue. Blood, commonly visualized as red fluid stuff, is the basic nutrition of human body, which is also related to heart, spleen and liver. Essence is also important as it is the primary energy of our body and in charge of our health, sexual ability and life span. Body fluid is the general name of all fluid such as sweat, urination, tears and the other fluid. The disorder of these elements will lead to diseases, and the treatment will be focused on regulation of Qi, blood, essence and body fluid. Topic fore ----- The ZangFu Organ ZangFu theory is the most important and practical part of TCM clinical guideline. It covers five Zang organs (liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidney) and six Fu organs (gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, bladder, and Sanjiao). Actually, this theory is based on a certain anatomic knowledge, and is deeply influenced by the idea that internal pathological changes will affect the exterior appearance, and finally exceeds the anatomic structure. So in TCM theory, ZangFu organs were not only an anatomical conception, but a functional idea. For instance, heart, in TCM, is reflected on the face, filled in the blood vessels and open to the tongue. So the disorder of heart, facial complexion, blood vessels and tongue are all belong to the heart. Topic five ----- Etiology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctrine of TCM etiology is, in my understanding, the most generalized and sophisticated summarization compare with etiology in other medical system. It can be simply generalized in three outlines，the external factors, internal problems and non-internal-external factors. However, when extended, it will be more complicated. The external factors include six-yin pathogen (wind, coldness, heat, dampness, dryness and fire) and infectious pathogen. The internal problems are mainly the emotional irritation, such as over-pleased, over-raged, over-worried, over-thinking, over-sad, over-scared, or over-shocked. The non-internal-external factors include dietary, over-working or over-resting, trauma, phlegm and blood stasis and so on. Under the influence of these simple factors, the most complicated problems occur. For instance, carcinoma, a scared disease due to various physical chemistry factors, can be technically caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis which is the result from depression. Topic six ----- The Five Elements The TCM theory system is deeply influenced by five elements doctrine as it reveals the world as a simple and complex system. The ancient Chinese people had realized that the wood, fire, earth, metal and water are the basic elements of the world. These elements are mutually affected and influenced, with each representing one sort of energy or system of the world. For example, the wood, which actually means the growing of the tree and its branch, represents the growing, extension, smoothness, or such kind of stuff. It is generated by water as a simple idea the water nourishes the tree, and generating fire because wood is flammable, prohibited by metal since knife cut the tree, and prohibiting the earth as it absorbed the nutrients of the earth. With the inter-reaction of these elements, this world becomes a real and more complicated. Topic seven ----- Differentiation of Patterns and Treatment The most special part of TCM is, as we mentioned, symptom differentiation and treatment variation, which is the basic rule of how TCM specialists recognize and treat a disease. This process includes the collection of all the medical information through observation, olfaction, inquisition, and palpation, the analyzing of the information and a plan of treatment accordingly. This process is different from western medicine as it is not based on the observation of medical instrument, and the cognition of the pathogenesis is also different. In this system, the disease is caused by the wind, cold, phlegm block, blood stasis, qi stagnation, spleen deficiency, liver fire rather that the pathological changes of cells or the inflammation, effusion, autoimmunity, and so on. Topic eight ----- Causes of Disharmony As we know, health is the final aim of all medicine among nations. The explanation of health in TCM is a state of harmony between man and universe. So once the state of harmony broke down, the problem comes. Disharmony is so unwelcome that all the inducement of it should be prevented as to avoid diseases. In my opinion, the basic disharmony should be the Yin Yang imbalance, because Yin and Yang is the root of everything. Basically, the excess or deficiency of Qi and blood, which is result from our daily behaviors, will lead to the disharmony of Yin Yang. Take overworking for example, when people are engaged in working for a long while, he is actually consuming his Qi, and such people will be easier to catch a cold because of Qi deficiency. In other word, this is caused by disharmony of Yin and Yang. The other causes will be depression, dietary inappropriate, weather conditions, aging process, living condition, etc. Topic nine -----Acupuncture Acupuncture is definitely the most popular and magic part of TCM system. Imagine that when acupuncturist treating a patient by inserting needles in a certain points without using any medicine, we can’t help to appreciate the wisdom of ancient Chinese people. Although the nature or the structure of meridian is not clear, it is actually existed and is able to solving problems. Based on the theory of meridian and collateral, this treatment is internationalized and widely accepted. Every year, batches of foreign students come to our country to learn and practice acupuncture, and they become the preacher of acupuncture. Sometime I feel depressed because they have the real faith about TCM or acupuncture, rather than us, the Chinese learner of acupuncture. When I met a student from Australia, I was so astonished since he has studied acupuncture for 4 years and is able to tell out the name of the acupoints a physician used in his patients. This is not an easy job even for a Chinese learner. Topic ten ----- Principles of Treatment The principles of TCM treatment can be shortly deciphered as to enhance the healthy Qi to dispel pathogen and to regulate Yin and Yang. In TCM theory, when people suffered from any pathogen, his healthy Qi was activated to resist it. The result will be the onset of a disease or the abnormalities. Imagine that when some mighty foreign troops invade our country, people of our country will be raged and fight against them. The only thing that we wish will be some foreign forces help us to dispel the troops or to enhance our army. This is what TCM thinks in our body. Once our healthy Qi getting strengthened, we are more able to resist any diseases. As for Yin and Yang, it was considered as the root of everything in Yellow Emperor’s internal canon, and its disorder is the origin of all abnormalities and diseases. So the regulation of Yin and Yang is doubtlessly the basic rule of TCM treatment.