September 2002 1/15
VIPer22ADIP
VIPer22AS
LOW POWER OFF LINE SMPS PRIMARY SWITCHER
®
TYPICAL POWER CAPABILITY
n FIXED 60 KHZ SWITCHING FREQUENCY
n 9V TO 38V WIDE RANGE VDD VOLTAGE
n CURRENT MODE CONTROL
n AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
WITH HYSTERESIS
n HIGH VOLTAGE START UP CURRENT
SOURCE
n OVERTEMPERATURE, OVERCURRENT AND
OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION WITH
AUTORESTART
DESCRIPTION
The VIPer22A combines a dedicated current mode
PWM controller with a high voltage Power
MOSFET on the same silicon chip. Typical
applications cover off line power supplies for
battery charger adapters, standby power supplies
for TV or monitors, auxiliary supplies for motor
control, etc. The internal control circuit offers the
following benefits:
– Large input voltage range on the VDD pin
accommodates changes in auxiliary supply
voltage. This feature is well adapted to battery
charger adapter configurations.
– Automatic burst mode in low load condition.
– Overvoltage protection in hiccup mode.
Mains type SO-8 DIP-8
European
(195 - 265 Vac) 12 W 20 W
US / Wide range
(85 - 265 Vac) 7 W 12 W
ORDER CODES
PACKAGE TUBE T&R
SO-8 VIPer22AS VIPer22AS13TR
DIP-8 VIPer22ADIP -
SO-8 DIP-8
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ON/OFF
0.23 V
DRAIN
SOURCE
VDD
PWM
LATCH
60kHz
OSCILLATOR
BLANKING
+
_8/14.5V
_
+
FF
S
R1
R4
Q
R3
FB
REGULATOR
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
OVERVOLTAGE
LATCH
OVERTEMP.
DETECTOR
1 kΩ
42V _
+
R2
FFS
R
Q
230 Ω
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
2/15
PIN FUNCTION
CURRENT AND VOLTAGE CONVENTIONS
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
Name Function
VDD
Power supply of the control circuits. Also provides a charging current during start up thanks to a high
voltage current source connected to the drain. For this purpose, an hysteresis comparator monitors the
VDD voltage and provides two thresholds:
- VDDon: Voltage value (typically 14.5V) at which the device starts switching and turns off the start up
current source.
- VDDoff: Voltage value (typically 8V) at which the device stops switching and turns on the start up current
source.
SOURCE Power MOSFET source and circuit ground reference.
DRAIN Power MOSFET drain. Also used by the internal high voltage current source during start up phase for charging the external VDD capacitor.
FB
Feedback input. The useful voltage range extends from 0V to 1V, and defines the peak drain MOSFET
current. The current limitation, which corresponds to the maximum drain current, is obtained for a FB pin
shorted to the SOURCE pin.
IDD ID
IFB
VDD
VFB
VD
FB
VDD DRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
1
2
3
4
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
8
7
6
5
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
FB
VDD
SOURCE
FB
VDD
SOURCE
SOURCE SOURCE
SO-8 DIP8
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
3/15
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Note: 1. This parameter applies when the start up current source is off. This is the case when the VDD voltage has reached VDDon and
remains above VDDoff.
2. This parameter applies when the start up current source is on. This is the case when the VDD voltage has not yet reached VDDon
or has fallen below VDDoff.
THERMAL DATA
Note: 1. When mounted on a standard single-sided FR4 board with 200 mm² of Cu (at least 35 µm thick) connected to all DRAIN pins.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tj=25°C, VDD=18V, unless otherwise specified)
POWER SECTION
Note: 1. On clamped inductive load
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
VDS(sw) Switching Drain Source Voltage (Tj=25 ... 125°C) (See note 1) -0.3 ... 730 V
VDS(st) Start Up Drain Source Voltage (Tj=25 ... 125°C) (See note 2) -0.3 ... 400 V
ID Continuous Drain Current Internally limited A
VDD Supply Voltage 0 ... 50 V
IFB Feedback Current 3 mA
VESD
Electrostatic Discharge:
Machine Model (R=0Ω; C=200pF)
Charged Device Model
200
1.5
V
kV
Tj Junction Operating Temperature Internally limited °C
Tc Case Operating Temperature -40 to 150 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature -55 to 150 °C
Symbol Parameter Max Value Unit
Rthj-case
Thermal Resistance Junction-Pins for :
SO-8
DIP-8
25
15
°C/W
Rthj-amb
Thermal Resistance Junction-Ambient for :
SO-8 (See note 1)
DIP-8 (See note 1)
55
45
°C/W
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
BVDSS Drain-Source Voltage ID=1mA; VFB=2V 730 V
IDSS Off State Drain Current VDS=500V; VFB=2V; Tj=125°C 0.1 mA
RDSon
Static Drain-Source
On State Resistance
ID=0.4A
ID=0.4A; Tj=100°C
15 17
31 Ω
tf Fall Time
ID=0.2A; VIN=300V (See fig.1)
(See note 1) 100 ns
tr Rise Time
ID=0.4A; VIN=300V (See fig.1)
(See note 1) 50 ns
Coss Drain Capacitance VDS=25V 40 pF
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
4/15
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tj=25°C, VDD=18V, unless otherwise specified)
SUPPLY SECTION
Note: 1. These test conditions obtained with a resistive load are leading to the maximum conduction time of the device.
OSCILLATOR SECTION
PWM COMPARATOR SECTION
OVERTEMPERATURE SECTION
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
IDDch
Start Up Charging
Current VDS=100V; VDD=0V ...VDDon (See fig. 2) -1 mA
IDDoff
Start Up Charging
Current
in Thermal Shutdown
VDD=5V; VDS=100V
Tj > TSD - THYST
0 mA
IDD0
Operating Supply Current
Not Switching IFB=2mA 3 5 mA
IDD1 Operating Supply CurrentSwitching IFB=0.5mA; ID=50mA (Note 1) 4.5 mA
DRST Restart Duty Cycle (See fig. 3) 16 %
VDDoff
VDD Undervoltage
Shutdown Threshold (See fig. 2 & 3) 7 8 9 V
VDDon VDD Start Up Threshold (See fig. 2 & 3) 13 14.5 16 V
VDDhyst
VDD Threshold
Hysteresis (See fig. 2) 5.8 6.5 7.2 V
VDDovp
VDD Overvoltage
Threshold 38 42 46 V
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
FOSC
Oscillator Frequency
Total Variation VDD=VDDoff ... 35V; Tj=0 ... 100°C 54 60 66 kHz
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
GID IFB to ID Current Gain (See fig. 4) 560
IDlim Peak Current Limitation VFB=0V (See fig. 4) 0.56 0.7 0.84 A
IFBsd IFB Shutdown Current (See fig. 4) 0.9 mA
RFB FB Pin Input Impedance ID=0mA (See fig. 4) 1.2 kΩ
td
Current Sense Delay to
Turn-Off ID=0.4A 200 ns
tb Blanking Time 500 ns
tONmin Minimum Turn On Time 700 ns
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
TSD Thermal Shutdown Temperature (See fig. 5) 140 170 °C
THYST
Thermal Shutdown
Hysteresis (See fig. 5) 40 °C
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
5/15
Figure 1 : Rise and Fall Time
Figure 2 : Start Up VDD Current
Figure 3 : Restart Duty Cycle
ID
VDS
90%
10%
tfv trv
t
t
L D
300V
C
FB
VDD DRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
C << Coss
VDD
VDDhyst
VDDoff VDDon
IDD0
IDDch VDS = 100 V
Fsw = 0 kHz
IDD
t
VDD
VDDoff
VDDon
tCH tST
DRST
tST
tST tCH+
-------------------------=
100V10µF FB
VDD DRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
2V
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
6/15
Figure 4 : Peak Drain Current vs. Feedback Current
Figure 5 : Thermal Shutdown
IFB
4mH
100V
100V
18V FB
VDD DRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A47nF
GID
IDpeak∆
IFB∆
-----------------------–=
ID
IDpeak
t
1/FOSC
IFB
IDpeak
IDlim
IFB
IFBsd RFB⋅
VFB
The drain current limitation is
obtained for VFB = 0 V, and a
negative current is drawn from
the FB pin. See the Application
section for further details.
0 IFBsd
t
t
VDD
Tj
VDDon
TSD
THYST
Automatic
start up
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
7/15
Figure 6 : Switching Frequency vs Temperature
Figure 7 : Current Limitation vs Temperature
-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Temperature (°C)
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
N
o
rm
a
liz
e
d
Fr
e
qu
en
cy
Vdd = 10V ... 35V
-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Temperature (°C)
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
N
o
rm
a
liz
e
d
Cu
rr
e
n
t L
im
ita
tio
n
Vin = 100V
Vdd = 20V
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
8/15
Figure 8 : Rectangular U-I output characteristics for battery charger
RECTANGULAR U-I OUTPUT
CHARACTERISTIC
A complete regulation scheme can achieve
combined and accurate output characteristics.
Figure 8 presents a secondary feedback through
an optocoupler driven by a TSM101. This device
offers two operational amplifiers and a voltage
reference, thus allowing the regulation of both
output voltage and current. An integrated OR
function performs the combination of the two
resulting error signals, leading to a dual voltage
and current limitation, known as a rectangular
output characteristic.
This type of power supply is especially useful for
battery chargers where the output is mainly used in
current mode, in order to deliver a defined charging
rate. The accurate voltage regulation is also
convenient for Li-ion batteries which require both
modes of operation.
WIDE RANGE OF VDD VOLTAGE
The VDD pin voltage range extends from 9V to 38V.
This feature offers a great flexibility in design to
achieve various behaviors. In figure 8 a forward
configuration has been chosen to supply the
device with two benefits:
– as soon as the device starts switching, it
immediately receives some energy from the
auxiliary winding. C5 can be therefore reduced
and a small ceramic chip (100 nF) is sufficient to
insure the filtering function. The total start up
time from the switch on of input voltage to output
voltage presence is dramatically decreased.
– the output current characteristic can be
maintained even with very low or zero output
voltage. Since the TSM101 is also supplied in
forward mode, it keeps the current regulation up
whatever the output voltage is.The VDD pin
voltage may vary as much as the input voltage,
that is to say with a ratio of about 4 for a wide
range application.
T1
D3
C5
C4
-
+
D4C3
T2F1
C1
C10 -
+ -
+
Vref
Vcc
GND
U2
TSM101
R6
R9
R10
R4
C9
R7
R5
R8
C8
R3
ISO1
D2
D5
R2
C7
R1 C2
D1
FB
VDD DRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
U1
VIPerX2A
C6
AC IN
DCOUT
GND
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
9/15
FEEDBACK PIN PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
A feedback pin controls the operation of the
device. Unlike conventional PWM control circuits
which use a voltage input (the inverted input of an
operational amplifier), the FB pin is sensitive to
current. Figure 9 presents the internal current
mode structure.
The Power MOSFET delivers a sense current Is
which is proportional to the main current Id. R2
receives this current and the current coming from
the FB pin. The voltage across R2 is then
compared to a fixed reference voltage of about
0.23 V. The MOSFET is switched off when the
following equation is reached:
By extracting IS:
Using the current sense ratio of the MOSFET GID :
The current limitation is obtained with the FB pin
shorted to ground (VFB = 0 V). This leads to a
negative current sourced by this pin, and
expressed by:
By reporting this expression in the previous one, it
is possible to obtain the drain current limitation
IDlim:
In a real application, the FB pin is driven with an
optocoupler as shown on figure 9 which acts as a
pull up. So, it is not possible to really short this pin
to ground and the above drain current value is not
achievable. Nevertheless, the capacitor C is
averaging the voltage on the FB pin, and when the
optocoupler is off (start up or short circuit), it can be
assumed that the corresponding voltage is very
close to 0 V.
For low drain currents, the formula (1) is valid as
long as IFB satisfies IFB< IFBsd, where IFBsd is an
internal threshold of the VIPer22A. If IFB exceeds
this threshold the device will stop switching. This is
represented on figure 4, and IFBsd value is
specified in the PWM COMPARATOR SECTION.
Actually, as soon as the drain current is about 12%
of Idlim, that is to say 85 mA, the device will enter
a burst mode operation by missing switching
cycles. This is especially important when the
converter is lightly loaded.
It is then possible to build the total DC transfer
function between ID and IFB as shown on figure 10.
This figure also takes into account the internal
blanking time and its associated minimum turn on
time. This imposes a minimum drain current under
which the device is no more able to control it in a
linear way. This drain current depends on the
primary inductance value of the transformer and
the input voltage. Two cases may occur,
depending on the value of this current versus the
fixed 85 mA value, as described above.
START UP SEQUENCE
This device includes a high voltage start up current
source connected on the drain of the device. As
soon as a voltage is applied on the input of the
converter, this start up current source is activated
as long as VDD is lower than VDDon. When
reaching VDDon, the start up current source is
switched off and the device begins to operate by
turning on and off its main power MOSFET. As the
FB pin does not receive any current from the
optocoupler, the device operates at full current
capacity and the output voltage rises until reaching
Figure 9 : Internal Current Control Structure
60kHz
OSCILLATOR
PWM
LATCH
S
Q
R
0.23V
Id
DRAIN
SOURCE
FB
R1
R2C
+Vdd
Secondary
feedback
IFB
Is
1 kΩ
230 Ω
R2 IS IFB+( )⋅ 0.23V=
IS
0.23V
R2
-------------- IFB–=
ID GID IS⋅ GID
0.23V
R2
-------------- IFB– ⋅= =
IFB
0.23V
R1
--------------–=
IDlim GID 0.23V
1
R2
------
1
R1
------+ ⋅ ⋅=
Figure 10 : IFB Transfer function
IFBsd
IDlim
IFBtONmin V
2
⋅ IN
L---------------------------------------
tONmin V
1
⋅ IN
L---------------------------------------
85mA
IDpeak
0
Part masked by the
IFBsd threshold
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
10/15
the regulation point where the secondary loop
begins to send a current in the optocoupler. At this
point, the converter enters a regulated operation
where the FB pin receives the amount of current
needed to deliver the right power on secondary
side.
This sequence is shown in figure 11. Note that
during the real starting phase tss, the device
consumes some energy from the VDD capacitor,
waiting for the auxiliary winding to provide a
continuous supply. If the value of this capacitor is
too low, the start up phase is terminated before
receiving any energy from the auxiliary winding
and the converter never starts up. This is illustrated
also in the same figure in dashed lines.
OVERVOLTAGE THRESHOLD
An overvoltage detector on the VDD pin allows the
VIPer22A to reset itself when VDD exceeds
VDDovp. This is illustrated in figure 12, which shows
the whole sequence of an overvoltage event. Note
that this event is only latched for the time needed
by VDD to reach VDDoff, and then the device
resumes normal operation automatically.
Figure 11 : Start Up Sequence
t
t
IFB
VDDon
t
VOUT
VDD
VDDoff
tss
Figure 12 : Overvoltage Sequence
t
t
VDS
VDDon
VDD
VDDoff
VDDovp
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
11/15
DIM.
mm. inch
MIN. TYP MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
A 1.75 0.068
a1 0.1 0.25 0.003 0.009
a2 1.65 0.064
a3 0.65 0.85 0.025 0.033
b 0.35 0.48 0.013 0.018
b1 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010
C 0.25 0.5 0.010 0.019
c1 45 (typ.)
D 4.8 5 0.188 0.196
E 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244
e 1.27 0.050
e3 3.81 0.150
F 3.8 4 0.14 0.157
L 0.4 1.27 0.015 0.050
M 0.6 0.023
S 8 (max.)
L1 0.8 1.2 0.031 0.047
1
SO-8 MECHANICAL DATA
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
12/15
DIM.
mm.
MIN. TYP MAX.
A 5.33
A1 0.38
A2 2.92 3.30 4.95
b 0.36 0.46 0.56
b2 1.14 1.52 1.78
c 0.20 0.25 0.36
D 9.02 9.27 10.16
E 7.62 7.87 8.26
E1 6.10 6.35 7.11
e 2.54
eA 7.62
eB 10.92
L 2.92 3.30 3.81
Package Weight Gr. 470
P001
Plastic DIP-8 MECHANICAL DATA
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
13/15
1
SO-8 TUBE SHIPMENT (no suffix)
All dimensions are in mm.
Base Q.ty 100
Bulk Q.ty 2000
Tube length (± 0.5) 532
A 3.2
B 6
C (± 0.1) 0.6
TAPE AND REEL SHIPMENT (suffix “13TR”)
All dimensions are in mm.
Base Q.ty 2500
Bulk Q.ty 2500
A (max) 330
B (min) 1.5
C (± 0.2) 13
F 20.2
G (+ 2 / -0) 12.4
N (min) 60
T (max) 18.4
TAPE DIMENSIONS
According to Electronic Industries Association
(EIA) Standard 481 rev. A, Feb 1986
All dimensions are in mm.
Tape width W 12
Tape Hole Spacing P0 (± 0.1) 4
Component Spacing P 8
Hole Diameter D (± 0.1/-0) 1.5
Hole Diameter D1 (min) 1.5
Hole Position F (± 0.05) 5.5
Compartment Depth K (max) 4.5
Hole Spacing P1 (± 0.1) 2
Top
cover
tape
End
Start
No componentsNo components Components
500mm min
500mm minEmpty components pockets
saled with cover tape.
User direction of feed
REEL DIMENSIONS
C
B
A
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
14/15
11
DIP-8 TUBE SHIPMENT (no suffix)
All dimensions are in mm.
Base Q.ty 20
Bulk Q.ty 1000
Tube length (± 0.5) 532
A 8.4
B 11.2
C (± 0.1) 0.8
A
B
C
VIPer22ADIP / VIPer22AS
15/15
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granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are
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