1910.147原文上锁挂牌

•PartNumber:1910•PartTitle:OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards•Subpart:J•SubpartTitle:GeneralEnvironmentalControls•StandardNumber:HYPERLINK"https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owalink.query_links?src_doc_type=STANDARDS&src_unique_file=1910_0147&src_anchor_name=1910.147"\o"1910.147"1910.147•Title:Thecontrolofhazardousenergy(lockout/tagout).•Appendix:HYPERLINK"https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9805"\o"A"A•GPOSource:HYPERLINK"http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=65b279ee2ec1f152d451e5&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title29/29tab_02.tpl"\o"e-CFR"e-CFRHYPERLINK"(a)"1910.147(a)Scope,application,andpurpose—1910.147(a)(1)ScopeHYPERLINK"(a)(1)(i)"1910.147(a)(1)(i)Thisstandardcoverstheservicingandmaintenanceofmachinesandequipmentinwhichtheunexpectedenergizationorstartupofthemachinesorequipment,orreleaseofstoredenergy,couldharmemployees.Thisstandardestablishesminimumperformancerequirementsforthecontrolofsuchhazardousenergy.1910.147(a)(1)(ii)Thisstandarddoesnotcoverthefollowing:1910.147(a)(1)(ii)(A)Constructionandagricultureemployment;1910.147(a)(1)(ii)(B)Employmentcoveredbyparts1915,1917,and1918ofthistitle;1910.147(a)(1)(ii)(C)Installationsundertheexclusivecontrolofelectricutilitiesforthepurposeofpowergeneration,transmissionanddistribution,includingrelatedequipmentforcommunicationormetering;1910.147(a)(1)(ii)(D)Exposuretoelectricalhazardsfromworkon,near,orwithconductorsorequipmentinelectric-utilizationinstallations,whichiscoveredbysubpartSofthispart;and1910.147(a)(1)(ii)(E)Oilandgaswelldrillingandservicing.1910.147(a)(2)Application.1910.147(a)(2)(i)Thisstandardappliestothecontrolofenergyduringservicingand/ormaintenanceofmachinesandequipment.HYPERLINK"(a)(2)(ii)"1910.147(a)(2)(ii)Normalproductionoperationsarenotcoveredbythisstandard(SeeSubpartOofthisPart).Servicingand/ormaintenancewhichtakesplaceduringnormalproductionoperationsiscoveredbythisstandardonlyif:HYPERLINK"(a)(2)(ii)(A)"1910.147(a)(2)(ii)(A)Anemployeeisrequiredtoremoveorbypassaguardorothersafetydevice;orHYPERLINK"(a)(2)(ii)(B)"1910.147(a)(2)(ii)(B)Anemployeeisrequiredtoplaceanypartofhisorherbodyintoanareaonamachineorpieceofequipmentwhereworkisactuallyperformeduponthematerialbeingprocessed(pointofoperation)orwhereanassociateddangerzoneexistsduringamachineoperatingcycle. Note: Exceptiontoparagraph(a)(2)(ii): Minortoolchangesandadjustments,andotherminorservicingactivities,whichtakeplaceduringnormalproductionoperations,arenotcoveredbythisstandardiftheyareroutine,repetitive,andintegraltotheuseoftheequipmentforproduction,providedthattheworkisperformedusingalternativemeasureswhichprovideeffectiveprotection(SeeSubpartOofthisPart).1910.147(a)(2)(iii)Thisstandarddoesnotapplytothefollowing:HYPERLINK"(a)(2)(iii)(A)"1910.147(a)(2)(iii)(A)Workoncordandplugconnectedelectricequipmentforwhichexposuretothehazardsofunexpectedenergizationorstartupoftheequipmentiscontrolledbytheunpluggingoftheequipmentfromtheenergysourceandbytheplugbeingundertheexclusivecontroloftheemployeeperformingtheservicingormaintenance.1910.147(a)(2)(iii)(B)Hottapoperationsinvolvingtransmissionanddistributionsystemsforsubstancessuchasgas,steam,waterorpetroleumproductswhentheyareperformedonpressurizedpipelines,providedthattheemployerdemonstratesthat-1910.147(a)(2)(iii)(B)(1)continuityofserviceisessential;1910.147(a)(2)(iii)(B)(2)shutdownofthesystemisimpractical;and1910.147(a)(2)(iii)(B)(3)documentedproceduresarefollowed,andspecialequipmentisusedwhichwillprovideproveneffectiveprotectionforemployees.1910.147(a)(3)Purpose.1910.147(a)(3)(i)Thissectionrequiresemployerstoestablishaprogramandutilizeproceduresforaffixingappropriatelockoutdevicesortagoutdevicestoenergyisolatingdevices,andtootherwisedisablemachinesorequipmenttopreventunexpectedenergization,startuporreleaseofstoredenergyinordertopreventinjurytoemployees.HYPERLINK"(a)(3)(ii)"1910.147(a)(3)(ii)Whenotherstandardsinthispartrequiretheuseoflockoutortagout,theyshallbeusedandsupplementedbytheproceduralandtrainingrequirementsofthissection.HYPERLINK"(b)"1910.147(b)Definitionsapplicabletothissection. Affectedemployee.Anemployeewhosejobrequireshim/hertooperateoruseamachineorequipmentonwhichservicingormaintenanceisbeingperformedunderlockoutortagout,orwhosejobrequireshim/hertoworkinanareainwhichsuchservicingormaintenanceisbeingperformed. Authorizedemployee.Apersonwholocksoutortagsoutmachinesorequipmentinordertoperformservicingormaintenanceonthatmachineorequipment.Anaffectedemployeebecomesanauthorizedemployeewhenthatemployee'sdutiesincludeperformingservicingormaintenancecoveredunderthissection. Capableofbeinglockedout.Anenergyisolatingdeviceiscapableofbeinglockedoutifithasahasporothermeansofattachmenttowhich,orthroughwhich,alockcanbeaffixed,orithasalockingmechanismbuiltintoit.Otherenergyisolatingdevicesarecapableofbeinglockedout,iflockoutcanbeachievedwithouttheneedtodismantle,rebuild,orreplacetheenergyisolatingdeviceorpermanentlyalteritsenergycontrolcapability. Energized.Connectedtoanenergysourceorcontainingresidualorstoredenergy. Energyisolatingdevice.Amechanicaldevicethatphysicallypreventsthetransmissionorreleaseofenergy,includingbutnotlimitedtothefollowing:Amanuallyoperatedelectricalcircuitbreaker;adisconnectswitch;amanuallyoperatedswitchbywhichtheconductorsofacircuitcanbedisconnectedfromallungroundedsupplyconductors,and,inaddition,nopolecanbeoperatedindependently;alinevalve;ablock;andanysimilardeviceusedtoblockorisolateenergy.Pushbuttons,selectorswitchesandothercontrolcircuittypedevicesarenotenergyisolatingdevices. Energysource.Anysourceofelectrical,mechanical,hydraulic,pneumatic,chemical,thermal,orotherenergy. Hottap.Aprocedureusedintherepair,maintenanceandservicesactivitieswhichinvolvesweldingonapieceofequipment(pipelines,vesselsortanks)underpressure,inordertoinstallconnectionsorappurtenances.itiscommonlyusedtoreplaceoraddsectionsofpipelinewithouttheinterruptionofserviceforair,gas,water,steam,andpetrochemicaldistributionsystems. Lockout.Theplacementofalockoutdeviceonanenergyisolatingdevice,inaccordancewithanestablishedprocedure,ensuringthattheenergyisolatingdeviceandtheequipmentbeingcontrolledcannotbeoperateduntilthelockoutdeviceisremoved. Lockoutdevice.Adevicethatutilizesapositivemeanssuchasalock,eitherkeyorcombinationtype,toholdanenergyisolatingdeviceinthesafepositionandpreventtheenergizingofamachineorequipment.Includedareblankflangesandboltedslipblinds. Normalproductionoperations.Theutilizationofamachineorequipmenttoperformitsintendedproductionfunction. Servicingand/ormaintenance.Workplaceactivitiessuchasconstructing,installing,settingup,adjusting,inspecting,modifying,andmaintainingand/orservicingmachinesorequipment.Theseactivitiesincludelubrication,cleaningorunjammingofmachinesorequipmentandmakingadjustmentsortoolchanges,wheretheemployeemaybeexposedtothe unexpected energizationorstartupoftheequipmentorreleaseofhazardousenergy. Settingup.Anyworkperformedtoprepareamachineorequipmenttoperformitsnormalproductionoperation. Tagout.Theplacementofatagoutdeviceonanenergyisolatingdevice,inaccordancewithanestablishedprocedure,toindicatethattheenergyisolatingdeviceandtheequipmentbeingcontrolledmaynotbeoperateduntilthetagoutdeviceisremoved. Tagoutdevice.Aprominentwarningdevice,suchasatagandameansofattachment,whichcanbesecurelyfastenedtoanenergyisolatingdeviceinaccordancewithanestablishedprocedure,toindicatethattheenergyisolatingdeviceandtheequipmentbeingcontrolledmaynotbeoperateduntilthetagoutdeviceisremoved.1910.147(c)General -HYPERLINK"(c)(1)"1910.147(c)(1)Energycontrolprogram.Theemployershallestablishaprogramconsistingofenergycontrolprocedures,employeetrainingandperiodicinspectionstoensurethatbeforeanyemployeeperformsanyservicingormaintenanceonamachineorequipmentwheretheunexpectedenergizing,startuporreleaseofstoredenergycouldoccurandcauseinjury,themachineorequipmentshallbeisolatedfromtheenergysourceandrenderedinoperative.HYPERLINK"(c)(2)"1910.147(c)(2)Lockout/tagout.1910.147(c)(2)(i)Ifanenergyisolatingdeviceisnotcapableofbeinglockedout,theemployer'senergycontrolprogramunderparagraph(c)(1)ofthissectionshallutilizeatagoutsystem.1910.147(c)(2)(ii)Ifanenergyisolatingdeviceiscapableofbeinglockedout,theemployer'senergycontrolprogramunderparagraph(c)(1)ofthissectionshallutilizelockout,unlesstheemployercandemonstratethattheutilizationofatagoutsystemwillprovidefullemployeeprotectionassetforthinparagraph(c)(3)ofthissection.HYPERLINK"(c)(2)(iii)"1910.147(c)(2)(iii)AfterJanuary2,1990,wheneverreplacementormajorrepair,renovationormodificationofamachineorequipmentisperformed,andwhenevernewmachinesorequipmentareinstalled,energyisolatingdevicesforsuchmachineorequipmentshallbedesignedtoacceptalockoutdevice.HYPERLINK"(c)(3)"1910.147(c)(3)Fullemployeeprotection.1910.147(c)(3)(i)Whenatagoutdeviceisusedonanenergyisolatingdevicewhichiscapableofbeinglockedout,thetagoutdeviceshallbeattachedatthesamelocationthatthelockoutdevicewouldhavebeenattached,andtheemployershalldemonstratethatthetagoutprogramwillprovidealevelofsafetyequivalenttothatobtainedbyusingalockoutprogram.1910.147(c)(3)(ii)Indemonstratingthatalevelofsafetyisachievedinthetagoutprogramwhichisequivalenttothelevelofsafetyobtainedbyusingalockoutprogram,theemployershalldemonstratefullcompliancewithalltagout-relatedprovisionsofthisstandardtogetherwithsuchadditionalelementsasarenecessarytoprovidetheequivalentsafetyavailablefromtheuseofalockoutdevice.Additionalmeanstobeconsideredaspartofthedemonstrationoffullemployeeprotectionshallincludetheimplementationofadditionalsafetymeasuressuchastheremovalofanisolatingcircuitelement,blockingofacontrollingswitch,openingofanextradisconnectingdevice,ortheremovalofavalvehandletoreducethelikelihoodofinadvertentenergization.HYPERLINK"(c)(4)"1910.147(c)(4)Energycontrolprocedure.HYPERLINK"(c)(4)(i)"1910.147(c)(4)(i)Proceduresshallbedeveloped,documentedandutilizedforthecontrolofpotentiallyhazardousenergywhenemployeesareengagedintheactivitiescoveredbythissection. Note: Exception: Theemployerneednotdocumenttherequiredprocedureforaparticularmachineorequipment,whenallofthefollowingelementsexist:(1)Themachineorequipmenthasnopotentialforstoredorresidualenergyorreaccumulationofstoredenergyaftershutdownwhichcouldendangeremployees;(2)themachineorequipmenthasasingleenergysourcewhichcanbereadilyidentifiedandisolated;(3)theisolationandlockingoutofthatenergysourcewillcompletelydeenergizeanddeactivatethemachineorequipment;(4)themachineorequipmentisisolatedfromthatenergysourceandlockedoutduringservicingormaintenance;(5)asinglelockoutdevicewillachievealocked-outcondition;(6)thelockoutdeviceisundertheexclusivecontroloftheauthorizedemployeeperformingtheservicingormaintenance;(7)theservicingormaintenancedoesnotcreatehazardsforotheremployees;and(8)theemployer,inutilizingthisexception,hashadnoaccidentsinvolvingtheunexpectedactivationorreenergizationofthemachineorequipmentduringservicingormaintenance.HYPERLINK"(c)(4)(ii)"1910.147(c)(4)(ii)Theproceduresshallclearlyandspecificallyoutlinethescope,purpose,authorization,rules,andtechniquestobeutilizedforthecontrolofhazardousenergy,andthemeanstoenforcecomplianceincluding,butnotlimitedto,thefollowing:1910.147(c)(4)(ii)(A)Aspecificstatementoftheintendeduseoftheprocedure;1910.147(c)(4)(ii)(B)Specificproceduralstepsforshuttingdown,isolating,blockingandsecuringmachinesorequipmenttocontrolhazardousenergy;1910.147(c)(4)(ii)(C)Specificproceduralstepsfortheplacement,removalandtransferoflockoutdevicesortagoutdevicesandtheresponsibilityforthem;and1910.147(c)(4)(ii)(D)Specificrequirementsfortestingamachineorequipmenttodetermineandverifytheeffectivenessoflockoutdevices,tagoutdevices,andotherenergycontrolmeasures.HYPERLINK"(c)(5)"1910.147(c)(5)Protectivematerialsandhardware.1910.147(c)(5)(i)Locks,tags,chains,wedges,keyblocks,adapterpins,self-lockingfasteners,orotherhardwareshallbeprovidedbytheemployerforisolating,securingorblockingofmachinesorequipmentfromenergysources.HYPERLINK"(c)(5)(ii)"1910.147(c)(5)(ii)Lockoutdevicesandtagoutdevicesshallbesingularlyidentified;shallbetheonlydevices(s)usedforcontrollingenergy;shallnotbeusedforotherpurposes;andshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(A)Durable.1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(A)(1)Lockoutandtagoutdevicesshallbecapableofwithstandingtheenvironmenttowhichtheyareexposedforthemaximumperiodoftimethatexposureisexpected.1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(A)(2)Tagoutdevicesshallbeconstructedandprintedsothatexposuretoweatherconditionsorwetanddamplocationswillnotcausethetagtodeteriorateorthemessageonthetagtobecomeillegible.1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(A)(3)Tagsshallnotdeterioratewhenusedincorrosiveenvironmentssuchasareaswhereacidandalkalichemicalsarehandledandstored.HYPERLINK"(c)(5)(ii)(B)"1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(B)Standardized.Lockoutandtagoutdevicesshallbestandardizedwithinthefacilityinatleastoneofthefollowingcriteria:Color;shape;orsize;andadditionally,inthecaseoftagoutdevices,printandformatshallbestandardized.1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(C)Substantial -1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(C)(1)Lockoutdevices.Lockoutdevicesshallbesubstantialenoughtopreventremovalwithouttheuseofexcessiveforceorunusualtechniques,suchaswiththeuseofboltcuttersorothermetalcuttingtools.1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(C)(2)Tagoutdevices.Tagoutdevices,includingtheirmeansofattachment,shallbesubstantialenoughtopreventinadvertentoraccidentalremoval.Tagoutdeviceattachmentmeansshallbeofanon-reusabletype,attachablebyhand,self-locking,andnon-releasablewithaminimumunlockingstrengthofnolessthan50poundsandhavingthegeneraldesignandbasiccharacteristicsofbeingatleastequivalenttoaone-piece,allenvironment-tolerantnyloncabletie.1910.147(c)(5)(ii)(D)Identifiable.Lockoutdevicesandtagoutdevicesshallindicatetheidentityoftheemployeeapplyingthedevice(s).1910.147(c)(5)(iii)Tagoutdevicesshallwarnagainsthazardousconditionsifthemachineorequipmentisenergizedandshallincludealegendsuchasthefollowing: DoNotStart.DoNotOpen.DoNotClose.DoNotEnergize.DoNotOperate.1910.147(c)(6)Periodicinspection.1910.147(c)(6)(i)Theemployershallconductaperiodicinspectionoftheenergycontrolprocedureatleastannuallytoensurethattheprocedureandtherequirementsofthisstandardarebeingfollowed.1910.147(c)(6)(i)(A)Theperiodicinspectionshallbeperformedbyanauthorizedemployeeotherthantheones(s)utilizingtheenergycontrolprocedurebeinginspected.1910.147(c)(6)(i)(B)Theperiodicinspectionshallbeconductedtocorrectanydeviationsorinadequaciesidentified.1910.147(c)(6)(i)(C)Wherelockoutisusedforenergycontrol,theperiodicinspectionshallincludeareview,betweentheinspectorandeachauthorizedemployee,ofthatemployee'sresponsibilitiesundertheenergycontrolprocedurebeinginspected.1910.147(c)(6)(i)(D)Wheretagoutisusedforenergycontrol,theperiodicinspectionshallincludeareview,betweentheinspectorandeachauthorizedandaffectedemployee,ofthatemployee'sresponsibilitiesundertheenergycontrolprocedurebeinginspected,andtheelementssetforthinparagraph(c)(7)(ii)ofthissection.1910.147(c)(6)(ii)Theemployershallcertifythattheperiodicinspectionshavebeenperformed.Thecertificationshallidentifythemachineorequipmentonwhichtheenergycontrolprocedurewasbeingutilized,thedateoftheinspection,theemployeesincludedintheinspection,andthepersonperformingtheinspection.HYPERLINK"(c)(7)"1910.147(c)(7)Trainingandcommunication.HYPERLINK"(c)(7)(i)"1910.147(c)(7)(i)Theemployershallprovidetrainingtoensurethatthepurposeandfunctionoftheenergycontrolprogramareunderstoodbyemployeesandthattheknowledgeandskillsrequiredforthesafeapplication,usage,andremovaloftheenergycontrolsareacquiredbyemployees.Thetrainingshallincludethefollowing:1910.147(c)(7)(i)(A)Eachauthorizedemployeeshallreceivetrainingintherecognitionofapplicablehazardousenergysources,thetypeandmagnitudeoftheenergyavailableintheworkplace,andthemethodsandmeansnecessaryforenergyisolationandcontrol.1910.147(c)(7)(i)(B)Eachaffectedemployeeshallbeinstructedinthepurposeanduseoftheenergycontrolprocedure.1910.147(c)(7)(i)(C)Allotheremployeeswhoseworkoperationsareormaybeinanareawhereenergycontrolproceduresmaybeutilized,shallbeinstructedabouttheprocedure,andabouttheprohibitionrelatingtoattemptstorestartorreenergizemachinesorequipmentwhicharelockedoutortaggedout.1910.147(c)(7)(ii)Whentagoutsystemsareused,employeesshallalsobetrainedinthefollowinglimitationsoftags:1910.147(c)(7)(ii)(A)Tagsareessentiallywarningdevicesaffixedtoenergyisolatingdevices,anddonotprovidethephysicalrestraintonthosedevicesthatisprovidedbyalock.1910.147(c)(7)(ii)(B)Whenatagisattachedtoanenergyisolatingmeans,itisnottoberemovedwithoutauthorizationoftheauthorizedpersonresponsibleforit,anditisnevertobebypassed,ignored,orotherwisedefeated.1910.147(c)(7)(ii)(C)Tagsmustbelegibleandunderstandablebyallauthorizedemployees,affectedemployees,andallotheremployeeswhoseworkoperationsareormaybeinthearea,inordertobeeffective.1910.147(c)(7)(ii)(D)Tagsandtheirmeansofattachmentmustbemadeofmaterialswhichwillwithstandtheenvironmentalconditionsencounteredintheworkplace.1910.147(c)(7)(ii)(E)Tagsmayevokeafalsesenseofsecurity,andtheirmeaningneedstobeunderstoodaspartoftheoverallenergycontrolprogram.1910.147(c)(7)(ii)(F)Tagsmustbesecurelyattachedtoenergyisolatingdevicessothattheycannotbeinadvertentlyoraccidentallydetachedduringuse.1910.147(c)(7)(iii)Employeeretraining.HYPERLINK"(c)(7)(iii)(A)"1910.147(c)(7)(iii)(A)Retrainingshallbeprovidedforallauthorizedandaffectedemployeeswheneverthereisachangeintheirjobassignments,achangeinmachines,equipmentorprocessesthatpresentanewhazard,orwhenthereisachangeintheenergycontrolprocedures.HYPERLINK"(c)(7)(iii)(B)"1910.147(c)(7)(iii)(B)Additionalretrainingshallalsobeconductedwheneveraperiodicinspectionunderparagraph(c)(6)ofthissectionreveals,orwhenevertheemployerhasreasontobelievethattherearedeviationsfromorinadequaciesintheemployee'sknowledgeoruseoftheenergycontrolprocedures.1910.147(c)(7)(iii)(C)Theretrainingshallreestablishemployeeproficiencyandintroduceneworrevisedcontrolmethodsandprocedures,asnecessary.1910.147(c)(7)(iv)Theemployershallcertifythatemployeetraininghasbeenaccomplishedandisbeingkeptuptodate.Thecertificationshallcontaineachemployee'snameanddatesoftraining.1910.147(c)(8)Energyisolation.Lockoutortagoutshallbeperformedonlybytheauthorizedemployeeswhoareperformingtheservicingormaintenance.1910.147(c)(9)Notificationofemployees.Affectedemployeesshallbenotifiedbytheemployerorauthorizedemployeeoftheapplicationandremovaloflockoutdevicesortagoutdevices.Notificationshallbegivenbeforethecontrolsareapplied,andaftertheyareremovedfromthemachineorequipment.HYPERLINK"(d)"1910.147(d)Applicationofcontrol.Theestablishedproceduresfortheapplicationofenergycontrol(thelockoutortagoutprocedures)shallcoverthefollowingelementsandactionsandshallbedoneinthefollowingsequence:1910.147(d)(1)Preparationforshutdown.Beforeanauthorizedoraffectedemployeeturnsoffamachineorequipment,theauthorizedemployeeshallhaveknowledgeofthetypeandmagnitudeoftheenergy,thehazardsoftheenergytobecontrolled,andthemethodormeanstocontroltheenergy.1910.147(d)(2)Machineorequipmentshutdown.Themachineorequipmentshallbeturnedofforshutdownusingtheproceduresestablishedforthemachineorequipment.Anorderlyshutdownmustbeutilizedtoavoidanyadditionalorincreasedhazard(s)toemployeesasaresultoftheequipmentstoppage.1910.147(d)(3)Machineorequipmentisolation.Allenergyisolatingdevicesthatareneededtocontroltheenergytothemachineorequipmentshallbephysicallylocatedandoperatedinsuchamannerastoisolatethemachineorequipmentfromtheenergysource(s).1910.147(d)(4)Lockoutortagoutdeviceapplication.HYPERLINK"(d)(4)(i)"1910.147(d)(4)(i)Lockoutortagoutdevicesshallbeaffixedtoeachenergyisolatingdevicebyauthorizedemployees.HYPERLINK"(d)(4)(ii)"1910.147(d)(4)(ii)Lockoutdevices,whereused,shallbeaffixedinamannertothatwillholdtheenergyisolatingdevicesina"safe"or"off"position.1910.147(d)(4)(iii)Tagoutdevices,whereused,shallbeaffixedinsuchamanneraswillclearlyindicatethattheoperationormovementofenergyisolatingdevicesfromthe"safe"or"off"positionisprohibited.1910.147(d)(4)(iii)(A)Wheretagoutdevicesareusedwithenergyisolatingdevicesdesignedwiththecapabilityofbeinglocked,thetagattachmentshallbefastenedatthesamepointatwhi