英语疑问句大全

英语疑问句大全 (2013-07-05 14:27:09) 疑问句按结构可分为四种:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。 一般疑问句 一般疑问句也可称为“yes/no questions”，因这种问句通常用yes/no来回答，相当于 汉语中的“……吗,” 其语序是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词，主语，其他成分,如: Are you from Japan？ Yes I am No I'm not Is her sister doing her homework now？ Yes she is No she isn't Does he work in a bank？ Yes he does No he doesn't Do you live near your school？ Yes I do No I don't Can you speak French？ Yes I can No I can't May I go home now？ yes you may No you mustn't 将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be动词(am is are …)时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如: I'm in Class 2 Grade 1 Are you in Class 2 Grade 1? We're watching TV Are you watching TV？ 陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。如: He can swim now Can he swim now？ The children may come with us( May the children come with us？ 陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。 I like these animals( Do you like these animals？ She wants to go to the movies( Does she want to go to the movies？ -------------------------------------------- 一般疑问句的答语 1. 一般疑问句一般由yes或no来回答，如: Are you tired,你累了吗, Yes，I am. 是的,累了。 No, I’m not. 不，不累。 Does she do the cleaning,她扫除了吗, Yes，she does. 是的，她打扫了。 No，she doesn’t. 不，她没打扫。 2. 回答一般疑问句除了用yes或no外，也可用certainly，probably，perhaps，of course，all right，with pleasure等代替yes;用never，not at all等代替no，如: Can you help me,你能帮个忙吗, Certainly.当然。 Could you please make less noise,你可以小声一点吗, All right，sir.好的，先生。 Have you been there,你到过那里吗, Never.从来没有。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 二. 特殊疑问句 它们多数都以who，where，when，which，whose，why这类词开头，如: Who is it on the phone,谁来的电话, How many oranges can you see in the picture,你能在图画上看到多少个橘子, Where did you last see it,你最后一次看到这东西时是在什么地方呢, What did you eat yesterday,你昨天吃了些什么, How do you usually go to school,你通常是怎么去学校的呢, 2、特殊疑问句的构成及用法 它的结构一般为:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他)，如: What can be done about it,对此能做些什么呢, Which are yours,哪些是你的, Who would like to come for a game of football,谁愿意来踢场足球呀, What did you say,你说什么, Why didn’t you tell me,你为什么没有告诉我, 3、特殊疑问词 特殊疑问词可分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词(1)疑问代词 疑问代词主要有五个，分别为:who，whom，which，what，whos。它们没有性和 数的变化，除了who 外也没有格的变化。 疑问代词、意义、作用、例句 who谁、作主语, 用来指人 Whom are you writing to, Whom do you want to see, Whose谁的、用来指所属关系，如果作定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this, Whose are those shoes, Which哪个，哪些、用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which girls will be in the sports meeting, Which hat is lily’s, What通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture, What is in the teacher’s room, 疑问副词:疑问副词包括when，where，why，how及how与其他副词和形容词组成的疑问词。 疑问副词、意义、用法、例句 when何时、询问时间 When will she return, Where何地、询问地点 Where do you come from, Why为什么、询问原因 Why are you late for school, How如何、询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school, How old 多大、询问年龄 How old is Jim’s little brother, How much/many 多少、询问数量 How many friends do you have? How far 多远、询问距离 How far is it from your home to school, How long多长、多久，询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing, How often 多长时间一次、询问频率 How often do you go to see your grandparents, How soon 多久、询问时间 How soon will you come back, 特殊疑问句的答语 特殊疑问句的回答语往往不再需要用yes或no。在回答时，可以用一个词或词组，也可以用一个较为完整的句子。 Who has borrowed my bike,谁借了我的自行车, Jack. 杰克。 Jack has borrowed your bike. When did he borrow my bike,他什么时候借了我的自行车, This morning. 今天早晨。 He borrowed your bike this morning. Where is he,他现在在何处, At the office. 在办公室。 He is at the office. What is he doing there,他在那儿干什么呢, Working. 工作 He is working. Whose bike is this,这辆自行车是谁的, Mr. Smith’s. 史密斯先生的。 It’s Mr. Smith’s bike. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 三(选择疑问句 选择疑问句一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方选择哪一种。其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供选择的两部分由or连接。 如:Will you go there by bus or by train,你准备乘汽车，还是乘火车去那儿, What would you like，coffee or tea,你想要什么，咖啡还是茶, How many pens do you have，one or two,你有几支钢笔，一支还是两支, 2、一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句 Is it right or wrong,是对还是错, Were you or he there,是你还是他在那儿, Are they reading，chatting or watching television,他们是在看、聊天，还是在看电视, Do you want to go there by land or by air,你将乘车还是乘飞机去那儿, 3、特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句 Which do you like better，coffee or milk,你更喜欢喝什么，咖啡还是牛奶, What colour is it，red，blue or yellow,它是什么颜色，红的，蓝的，还是黄的, Where are you going，to the classroom or to the library,你要去哪儿，教室还是图书馆, How shall we go，by sea or by land,我们怎么去，走水路还是陆路, 4、or not构成的选择疑问句 Do you want to buy it or not,你是想买它还是不想买, Are you ready or not,你准备好了还是没有准备好, 5、选择疑问句的答非所问语 选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式，不能用yes或no，如: Do you go to work by bus or by bike,你乘公交车还是骑自行车去上班, By bus.乘公交车。 Which would you like, tea or coffee? 你要茶还是咖啡? Coffee.咖啡 -------------------------------------------------------- 四、反意疑问句 1、反意疑问句是一种常用于口语的疑问句，这种问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的一简短问句，因此，反意疑问句又称附加疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式，附加问句用否定句式;如果陈述句是否定式，附加问句用肯定句式。附加问句一般为“be动词(助动词、情态动词)+代词”构成，如: They didn’t clean the classroom yesterday，did they,他们昨天没有扫扫教室，是吗, You’re coming，aren’t you,你会来的，不是吗, John doesn’t like tea，does he,约翰不喜欢茶，是吗, She can’t swim，can she,她不会游泳，对吗, This is your car，isn’t it ,这是你的车，对吧, You don’t like rock music，do you ,你不喜欢摇滚乐，对吧, 2、反意疑问句需注意的问题 附加问句中的主语要用代词，如果陈述句的主语是代词，用相应的代词即可，如果陈述句的主语是名词，用相应的代词指代该名词， 如:He is your teacher，isn’t he,他是你的老师，是吧, Li lei gets up at six in the morning，doesn’t he,李雷每天早上6点钟起床，是吗, 如果陈述句中有系动词或情态动词或助动词，附加疑问句中用与它相应的肯定或否定形式即可;如果没有，就要根据陈述句的时态选择适当的助动词， 如:Tom has finished his homework，hasn’t he,汤姆己经完成了他的家庭作业，是吗, She went to Shanghai yesterday，didn’t she,她昨天去上海了，是吗, 有些句子包含表示否定意义语，也算否定句， 如:There’s little water in the bottle，is there,瓶子里没有水了，是吗, 在个别情况下，前后两部分可以都是肯定或都是否定。这时有特殊的涵义， 如:You sold that lovely bracelet，did you ,(=I’m sorry you did.)你把那只漂亮手镯卖了，是吗,(真遗憾。) 反意疑问句的语调 通常陈述句部分用降调，附加问句用升调，如: He can’t swim，can he,他不会游泳，是吗, Lily likes sports，doesn’t she,丽莉喜欢运动，是吗, 对自己的看法比较肯定而又希望听者同意这种看法时，前后都用降调: You don’t like rock music，do you, 期望回答:No，I don’t. You like rock music，don’t you, 期望回答:Yes，I do. 反意疑问句的答语 反意疑问句的答语一般由yes或no引导的简略答语来回答，但是要注意时态及代词的呼应，如: She is your teacher，isn’t she,她是你的老师，是吧, Yes ，she is.是的，她是。 No，she isn’t.不，她不是。 Li lei gets up at six in the morning，doesn’t he,李雷每天早上6点钟起床，是吗, Yes，he is.是的，他是。 No ，he isn’t.不，他不是。 在前否定后肯定的句子中，yes含义为“不”，no含义为“是”，如: She can’t swim，can she ,她不会游泳，对吗, Yes ，she can.不，她会。 No，she can’t.是的，她不会。 She isn’t your teacher，is she,她不是你的老师，对吧, Yes，she is.不，她是。 No，she isn’t.是的，她不是。 一些特殊句式的反意疑问句 陈述句是I am…结构，反意问句用aren’t I 或am not，如: I’m right，aren’t I,我是正确的，对吗, I’m late，am not I,我迟到了，是吗, 陈述句的主语是不定代词时，如果是表示物的everything，anything，something，nothing时，反意问句的主语it，谓语动词用单数，如果是表示人的everybody，everyone，somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，no one时，反意问句的主语可用they，也可用he，谓语动词用相应的单、复数，如: Nothing is serious，is it,没什么严重的，是吗, No one was hurt，were they,没有人受伤，是吗, Everybody knows what I said，don’t they,每个人都懂了我所说的，是吗, Everyone knows his job，doesn’t he,每个人都了解他的工作，是吗, 如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词this，that时，疑问句的主语用it，谓语单数;如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these，those，则疑问句的主语用they，谓语用复数，如: This is very important，isn’t it,这是非常重要的，是吗, Those are cups，aren’t they,这些是茶杯，是吗, 如果陈述部分以不定代词one作主语,附加疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one,在非正式场合用you,如: One can’t be too careful, can one(you)? 最认真不过如此了,是吗? 陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式或动名词时，疑问部分的主语用it，谓语用单数，如: What you said is wrong，isn’t it,你说的错了，不是吗, To learn English well isn’t easy，is it,学好英语不容易，是吗, Practising speaking English every morning will do you good，won’t it, 每天早上说英语对你有好处，不是吗, 陈述句中的谓语动词是there be，后边的疑问部分也用there be形式，如: There is an apple on the table，isn’t there,桌子上有只苹果，是吗, There’re some trees on the island，aren’t there,小岛上有一些树，是吗, 陈述句谓语动词是wish，表示征求时，反意问句用may，如: I wish to have another piece of cake，may I,我想再要一块蛋糕，可以吗, I wish to go home now，may I,我想现在就回家，可以吗, 陈述句句中有hardly，seldom，rarely，no，nothing，never，little，few，nobody，nowhere，barely，neither，too…to等表示否定意义的词时，反意问句用肯定式，如: You will never forget it，will you,你永远不会忘记这件事，是吗, There is nothing on the table，is there,桌子上什么也没有，是吗, She has few friends，does she,她几乎没有朋友，是吗, 如果陈述句中的否定式仅带有否定词缀(前缀或后缀)，则将其看成肯定句，反意问句一般仍用否定式，如: He is unfit for his job，isn’t he,他并不适合他的工作，是吗, That’s unfair，isn’t it,那是不公平的，对吗, 陈述句中的谓语动词为have/has to/had to时，其疑问部分的谓语动词应用don’t /doesn’t/didn’t，如: He has to get up at four tomorrow，doesn’t he,他明天不得不4点钟起床，是吗, They had to leave early，didn’t they,他们不得不早些离开，是吗, 含有情态动词must的句子，若陈述句中强调对现在的情况的推测，疑问部分用aren’t/isn’t+主语，如: You must be tired，aren’t you,你一定很累了吧，对吗, 若陈述部分的must表示“有必要”时，附加疑问句的部分则用needn’t，如: You must go home right now，needn’t you,你有必要马上回家，是吗, 当mustn’t表示禁止时，附加疑问部分一般用may，如: You mustn’t walk on grass，may you,不许在草地上走，知道吗, 祈使句的反意疑问句，一般在句尾加will you，如: Give me a hand，will you,帮帮我，好吗, Stop that noise，will you,别吵了，行不行, Don’t forget it,will you? 别忘了它，好吗, Don’t talk any more，will you,别再说话了，好吗, 注意:在陈述部分是肯定的句子中，也可用won’t you。 let’s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用shall we;let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you，如: Let’s go there, shall we,我们去那里，好吗, Let us go there，will you, 复合句的反意疑问句一般是根据主句的主语和谓语形式构成反意疑问部分的，如: He said that we were happy，didn’t he, 复合句的主句是I think(expect，suppose，believe，suspect，imagine)时，附加问句要根据主句而定，主语是第一人称时，要根据从句而定，主语为第二、三人称时，与主句保持一致，并且要注意否定的转移，如: I suppose he is serious，isn’t he,我想他很严肃，是吗, I believe he can find her mother nowhere，can he,我相信他到哪里也找不到她的妈妈，不是吗,(注意，用nowhere为否定句) I expect they will win the match，won’t they,我希望他们赢得那场比赛，不是吗, I don’t think he is the suitable man for the job，is he,我认为他不是做那项工作的合适人选，不是吗, You think she is a good teacher，don’t you,你认为她是一个好老师，是吗, Your brother thinks you can do the job well，doesn’t he,你弟弟认为你能把这项工作做好，不是吗, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- 小学英语专项训练——疑问句(二) 特殊疑问句的句型: 用疑问代词who，whom，whose，what，which和疑问副词when，where，why，how引出的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句，特殊疑问句不能用Yes，No来回答，读时用降调。根据疑问代词或疑问副词所提问的句子成分，特殊疑问句可以分为以下三种类型: 1. 对句中主语或主语的定语提问 疑问代词(+主语) + 谓语动词 + 其他 Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日, Whose handwriting is the best in your class? 你们班谁的书法最好, What made you so sad? 什么事使你这么伤心, 2. 对句中其他成分提问 疑问句(名词) + 一般疑问句语序 a. 对宾语提问 Whom(who)are you waiting for? 你在等谁, What are you thinking now? 你在想什么, b. 对表语提问 疑问句 + be + 主语 Who is she? 她是谁, What is her mother? 她母亲是做什么的, Whose book is this? 这是谁的书,(对表语的定语提问) What day was yesterday? 昨天是星期几, What time is it now? 现在是几点钟, How far is the shop from here? 商店离这多远, How high(wide)is the building? 这座楼多高(宽), c. 对状语提问 When do you get up every day? 你每天早晨几点钟起床, How often does he come every week? 他每周来这儿几次, How soon will the film begin? 电影还有多长时间开演, 小学英语特殊疑问句归类复习 1、What’s this?/What’s that? ---It’s an eraser. What are these?/What are those? ---They’re erasers. 2、What’s your name? --- My name is Sarah. What’s his name? ---His name is Mike. What’s her name? ---Her name is Amy. 3、What’s in your bag? ---There are many books. 4、What colour is your schoolbag? ---It’s purple. What colour are your schoolbags. ---They’re purple. 5、What would you like ? ---I’d like some beef. 6、What’s for dinner? ---Fish and vegetables. 7、What’s your father? ---He’s a doctor. 8、What’s he like? ---He’s short and thin. What’s your room like? ---It’s small. There is a … and a….. What’s the weather like in spring? --- It’s warm. 9、What day is it today? --- It’s Monday. What day is tomorrow? ---It’s Tuesday. What day was yesterday? ---It was Sunday. What time is it? ---It’s 7 o’clock. What’s the date (today)? ---It’s Sept. 5th. What was the date yesterday? ---It was Sept. 4th. 10、What (class)do you have on Mondays? We have English, math and P.E class . 11、What do you do on Saturdays? I read books and watch TV. 12、What’s your favourite food? I like fish. What’s your favourite season? My favourite season is fall. 13、What do you have for lunch today? --- I have eggplant. What does he have for breakfast? ---He has milk and eggs. What did you have for dinner yesterday? --- I had fish and rice. What did Mike have for lunch yesterday? ---He had noodles. 14、What can you do? I can sweep the floor. 15、What are you doing? I am sending Grandma an e-card. What is she doing? She’s doing the dishes. What’s he doing? He’s drawing pictures. What is the elephant doing? It’s drinking water. What are they doing? They’re swimming. 16、What’s the date? It’s June 9th. 17、What do ants like to eat? They like to eat the honey. 18、What are you going to do on the weekend?---I’m going to visit my grandparents this weekend. 19、What are you going to buy?---I’m going to buy a comic book. 20、What’s your hobby?---I like collecting stamps. 21、What’s her(Liu Yun’s) hobby? ---She likes playing the violin. 22、What’s his (your brother’s) hobby? ---He likes making kites. 23、What does your mother do?---She is a TV reporter. 24、What should you do at a red light?---You must stop at a red light. 25、What’s the matter with you? / What’s wrong with you?---My throat is sore. My nose hurts. 26、What did you do last weekend?---I played football. What did Mike do yesterday? ---He did his homework. What did they do last month? ---They visited Beijing. 27、How are you?---Fine, thank you. How is your father/your mother? ---He’s/She’s fine, thank you. How do you feel?---I feel sick. How does Amy feel? ---She’s tired. How are you feeling? ---I’m fine. How is he feeling? ---He’s sad. How is your weekend? ---It’s happy. How was your weekend? ---It was busy. 28、How old are you?---I’m thirteen. How old is she/he?---She’s/He’s twelve. 29、How many crayons do you have?---I have twelve. 30、How many kites can you see?---I can see ten. 31、How many people are there in your family?---There are four. 32、How much is it?---It’s 85 yuan. How much is the dress?---It’s 50 yuan. How much are those shoes?---They’re 76 yuan. 33、How do you go to school?---Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike. 34、How does she go to work?---She goes to work by bus. 35、How can I get to Zhongshan Park?---You can go by the No.15 bus. Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. It’s on the left. 36、How are you going?---I’m going by bus. How is your family going to get to Kunming?---We are going by plane. 37、How can the water become vapour?---The sun shines and the water becomes vapour. 38、How do you do that( plant flowers)? ---First, put the seeds in the soil. What should you do then?---Water it 39、How tall are you?---I’m 164 cm tall. How tall is Amy? ---She is 155cm. How heavy are you? ---I’m 48 kg. How heavy is your brother? ---He’s 160 cm. How big are your feet?---I wear size 17. How long are your legs?---They’re 76 cm. How large is your room? ---It’s 25 square meters. 40、Where is it? --- It’s behind the door. Where is my seat? ---It’s near the door Where is the room? ---It’s on the second floor. Where are they? ---They’re on the table. Where are the keys? ---They’re in the door. Where is Sarah? ---She’s in the living room. Where are Amy and Chen Jie? ---They’re in the park. Where were you yesterday? ---I was at school. Where was your father last weekend? ---He was in Harbin. Where were they last week? ---They were at home. 41、Where is the cinema, please?---It’s next to the hospital. / It’s east of the park. 42、Where are you going this afternoon?---I’m going to the bookstore. Where is Sarah going tomorrow?---She is going to the library. Where are they going to visit next week?---They are going to visit Canada. 43、Where does your mother work?---She works in a car company. Where do you work?---I work in a school. 44、Where does the rain come from?---It comes from the clouds. Where does Wuyifan come from?---He comes from China. Where do you come from?---I come from China. 45、Where did you go on your holiday?---I went to Xinjiang. Where did Amy go last weekend?---She went to America. Where did they visit last week?---They visited Shanghai. 46、Who’s she? --- She’s my friend. Who’s he? ---He’s Zhang Peng. Who’s that young lady? ---She’s our principal. Who’s that man? ---He’s our new teacher. 47、Who’s your math teacher? ---Mr Zhao(is). 48、Who has a birthday in October? --- Me. 49、Which season do you like best? --- I like spring best.(Spring.) Which month do you like best? ---I like July best.(July.) Which monkey do you like? ---I like the yellow one. 50、When do you get up? ---I usually get up at 6:00. When do you do morning exercises? --- I usually do morning exercises at 8:30. When do you eat lunch? ---I usually eat lunch at 12:00. When did you go to school last week?---I went to school at 7:00. 51、Why do you like spring? ---Because I can plant trees. Why do you like summer? --- Because I can swim in the lake. Why do you like fall? --- Because it’s always sunny and cool. Why do you like winter? ---Because I can skate. Why did you go to see your grandparents? ---Because yesterday was my grandpa’s birthday. Why are you happy? ---Because I’m going on a big trip. 52、Whose cap is it? ---It’s my brother’s. Whose books are these? ---They’re my books.