题目20世纪美国迷惘的一代——解读海明威的《太阳照常升起》

题目20世纪美国迷惘的一代——解读海明威的《太阳照常升起》 题 目: 20世纪美国迷惘的一代——解读海明威 的《太阳照常升起》 学 院: 行 知 学 院 专 业: 英 语 学生姓名: 叶梅 学号: 09096115 指导教师: 江玉娇 职称: 教授 合作导师: 职称: 完成时间: 2011 年 12 月 成 绩: 1 thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway — 目 录 Abstract. .............................................................................................................................. 2 摘要..................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4 2. Reflection of The Sun Also Rises .................................................................................... 4 2.1 The Lost Generation .................................................................................................. 4 2.2 The analysis of the character in the works............................... 错误～未定义签。 2.3 The writing features ................................................................................................... 5 3. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 6 2 thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway — thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America —Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway Ye Mei th, Abstract: Most writers in 20 century have suffered from the World War, when witnessed the miserable life after the war, people do not believe the faith in democratic. The character in The Sun Also Rises implies a new kind of social and thmoral value. This paper explores the reasons of 20 century of the Lost Generation, the character’s features of the reflection of the society, and the writing features of Earnest Hemingway. , Key words: value; reason; character; writing feature 20世纪美国迷惘的一代 —解读海明威的《太阳照常升起》 叶梅 , 摘 要:许多20世纪的作家都经历过世界大战，他们曾经亲眼目睹战后的人 们所过的悲惨的生活，人们也不在去相信民主的虚幌子。《太阳照常升起》 中的人物形象显示出一种新的社会和道德价值标准。本文也解释了20世纪 迷惘一代产生的原因，人物特征所体现出来的社会反映，以及海明威的写作 艺术风格。 , 关键词:价值;原因;性格;写作风格 3 thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway — thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America —Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway 2009(01) (English) Ye Mei , 1.Introduction Earnest Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His most work was published between the mid 1920s and the mid 1950s, and won the Nobel Price in Literature in 1954. The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel written by Hemingway about a group of American and British expatriates who travel from Pairs to the Festival of San Fermin in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. To this novel, Hemingway scholar Linda Wagner Martin calls it his most import work. , 2. Reflection of The Sun Also Rises , 2.1 The Lost Generation The First World War took a positive influence on Americans not only in physically but also mentally. Most people felt depression after suffering the war, they did not believe what they faith in before, and almost everyone felt tired of their life. The Sun Also Rises described a soldier was injured physically and mentally, and such an experience established the mutual understanding among the teenagers. , 2.2 The analysis of the characters in the works As a soldier in World War, Jake was wounded, as the result of his injury; he has lost the ability to have sex. His physical wounded had profound psychological consequences. Jake is a typical member of what poet Gertrude Stein called the “Lost Generation”, the generation of men and women whose experiences in the First World War undermined their belief in justice, morality, manhood, and love. Without these ideals to rely on, the Lost Generation lived an aimless, immoral existence, devoid of true emotion and characterized by casual interpersonal cruelty. Part of Jake’s character represents the Lost Generation and its unfortunate position: he wanders though Pairs, going from bar and drinking heavily at each, his life filled with purposeless debauchery. He demonstrates the capacity to be extremely cruel, especially towards Cohn. His insecurities about his masculinity are typical of the anxieties that many members of the Lost Generation felt. However, in some way, Jake differs from those around him. He seems aware of the fruitlessness of the lost generation way of life. He tells Cohn in Chapter Two:“You can’t get away from yourself by moving from one place to another.”Though he understands the dilemma of the lost generation, he remains trapped in it. Brett is a strong, largely independence woman. She exerts great power over the men around her, as her beauty and charisma seem to charm everyone she meets. 4 thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway — Moreover, she refuses to commit to any one man, preferring ultimate independence. However, her independence does not make her happy. She frequently complains to Jake about how miserable she is. As Jake remarked,“She can not go anywhere alone .”However, there are some misogynist strains in Hemingway’s representation of Brett. It seems that in Hemingway’s view, a liberated woman is necessarily a corrupting dangerous force for men. As with Jake and his male friends, the First World War seems to play an essential part in the formation of Brett’s character. During the war, Brett’s true love died of dysentery. Her subsequent aimlessness, especially with regard to men, can be interpreted as a futile, subconscious search for this original love. Brett’s personal search is perhaps symbolic of entire Lost Generation’s search for the shattered prewar values of love and romance. Cohn has spent his entire life feeling like an outsider because he is Jewish. While at Princeton, he took up boxing to combat his feelings of shyness and inferiority. Although his confidence has grown with his literary success, his anxiety about being different or considered not good enough persists. Jake and his friends seize on these differences and take out their own personal insecurities on Cohn. It is important to note that Cohn’s behavior toward Brett is ultimately different from that of most of the men in the novel. They all want to possess her in ways that she resists. But Cohn’s attempts to win Brett are so clumsy and foolish that they provide an easy target for mockery. Cohn adheres to an outdated, prewar value system of honor and romance. He fights only within the confines of the gym until his rage and frustration make him lash out at Romero and Jake. He plays hard at tennis, but if he loses he accepts defeat gracefully. Furthermore, he cannot believe that his affair with Brett has no emotional value. Hence, he acts as a foil for Jake and the other veterans in the novel; unlike them, he holds onto traditional values and beliefs, likely because he never experienced World War I firsthand. Sadly, Cohn’s value system has no place in the postwar world, and Cohn cannot sustain it. His tearful request that Romero shake his hand after Cohn has beaten him up is an absurd attempt to restore the validity of an antiquated code of conduct. His flight from Pamplona is symbolic of the failure of traditional values in the postwar world. , 2.3 The writing features Hemingway's spare, laconic prose was influenced by his early work as a journalist, and he has probably had the greatest stylistic influence over 20th-century American writers of anyone. The key to Hemingway's style is omission; we usually learn less about Jake through his direct interior narration, but more through what he leaves out and how he reacts to others. For instance, we understand him much better through his thoughts on Cohn, who shares many of Jake's traits. As an example of how much Hemingway omits, Jake never even fully describes his war injury, leaving it somewhat open to interpretation. Hemingway provides a good outline of his own style when Jake describes Romero's bull-fighting style: "There were no tricks and no mystifications." Like Romero, Hemingway moves close to his subject, but eschews flashiness in favor of honest, authentic writing. Earnest Hemingway’s iceberg theory is best known among us. It suggests that the writer include the text only a small portion of what he knows, leaving about ninety 5 thThe Lost Generation in 20 century in America Analysis of The Sun Also Rises written by Earnest Hemingway — percent of the content a mystery that grows beneath the surface of the writing. The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. A good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character of action. The Sun Also Rises obey the iceberg theory, Hemingway uses the simple words express the vivid images, copious emotions and profound thought. , 3. Conclusion Though the injury taken by the war can not disappear, but people can not take a positive attitude towards the society. The Sun Also Rises begin to aware of a new kind of social and moral value, the old ones has been ruined. 6