老年保健品市场乱象丛生

老年保健品市场乱象丛生 老年保健品市场乱象丛生，建议尽快加强行业监管 卓湘茹 近年来～随着社会经济的飞速发展和生活水平的不断提高～老年人越来越关注自己的身体健康状况～各式各样的保健品受到了老年人的青睐～对保健品的需求也日益旺盛。 老年人追求养生和保健是好事～但一些保健品商家“盯上”了“银发商机”～夸大宣传、虚高价格～甚至有些不法分子将成本仅几元的假冒伪劣产品加以包装～以高达几百元甚至几万元的价格出售～从而谋取高额利润。老年人购买保健品后频频被骗～以温州为例～乐清一老人执意要购买一张售价高达3.5万元的理疗床～子女拉都拉不住,鹿城一老人退休后舍不得吃、舍不得穿～退休金全部拿去买保健品。不止温州～网络上全国各地老年人深陷保健品迷局的例子比比皆是～如山东淄博一老人花2万元购买20盒名为“纳豆激酶”保健品后发现被骗、河南鹤壁一老人吃“健康服务站”推荐的保健品后中毒、浙江杭州一老奶奶购买了20万元的保健品至少可服用7年等等。由此可见～老年人保健品市场鱼龙混杂、乱象丛生～已成为一个全国性的现象～主要表现为: 一、不法商家采取各种营销手段～诱骗老年人购买。 老年人上了年纪后身体机能逐渐衰退～容易患各种疾病～出于对死亡恐惧或减轻子女负担的考虑～他们就会寻求各种方式来保障健康～一些保健品推销人员正是利用老年人这种渴求健康的心理～采取各种营销手段～诱骗老年人购买。一是免费陷阱。主要通过邀请老年人参加“健康讲座”、“联aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 谊会”的形式～为其检查身体、提供健康指导～并给予免费体检、免费试用、免费发放小礼品～甚至组织免费旅游～在检查过程中～游说老人购买产品～致使老年人在小恩小惠中上当受骗。二是温情推销。保健品推销人员摸清老年人家庭住址后隔三差五地打电话或上门拜访、拉家常～老人们往往放松了警惕～在情感支配下购买那些功效不明、价格高昂的保健产品。三是雇托迷惑。保健品商家请来所谓的“专家、学者、权威”在公开场合介绍产品疗效～或指使一些人假冒患者名义写感谢信、送锦旗～或在销售现场制造抢购产品假象等手段诱骗老年人购买。四是品牌误导。一些保健品商家邀请名人、明星和所谓的“医学专家”做代言～铺天盖地地在报刊、电视等媒体上打广告～使老年人误认为产品具有良好功效而盲目购买。 二、产品质量良莠不齐～多为假冒产品。 保健品能调节人体的机能～适用于特定人群食用～但不以治疗疾病为目的。国家正式批准的保健食品都要有卫生部,或国家食品药品监督管理局,的批准文号～所有批准的保健食品都有“保健食品”标志～一般通过药店、超市及正规的经营户等三种正常的渠道销售。而市面上非正常渠道销售的保健品多为假冒伪劣产品～尤其是一些通过“义诊活动”、“健康讲座”、“上门推销”等形式销售的保健品～质量更难以保证。商家为追求利益～有的虚夸疗效～片面夸大保健aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 品功能～甚至故意混淆与药品的界限～使消费者误以为保健品可以替代药品使用,有的打着“绿色、健康、高科技、洋产品”的旗号～不按批准内容印制产品书和标签～把产品吹嘘成“包治百病”的灵丹妙药～误导消费者,有的以食品批准文号、生产证号、消毒杀菌产品批准文号等假冒保健食品文号～违规进行销售,甚至还有一些不法商家在保健食品中添加某些具有特定功效的违禁药品成分～食用后短时间内可以起到缓解病痛作用～长期使用将严重危害老年人的身心健康。 三、保健品利润十分惊人。 经销老年人保健品特别是假冒伪劣产品利润十分惊人～许多成本只有只有几元或几十元的假冒伪劣产品～以维生素、食用淀粉等为原料～经过商家多方包装后～冠以“延缓衰老、提高免疫力”等嘘头～再标上一个洋名称～最后以几百元甚至几千上万的价格出售～谋取高额利润。近几年全国各地查处了不少以制售假冒伪劣保健品牟利的不法行为。如近日温州公安局龙湾分局查获了一起特大制售性保健品案～共查获产品12000盒～下家超过600家～汲及全国31个省份～涉案金额达上千万元。警方发现～犯罪分子以玉米淀粉为原料加入“西地那非”,俗称伟哥,制成性保健品销往全国31个省市～每颗药丸成本只有几分钱～他们以每颗三四元的价格卖出～到了市场后每颗药丸可卖到几十元甚至几百aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 元～从产出到消费价格翻了近10000倍～利润十分惊人。 对于保健品商家的伎俩～全国各地媒体都有曝光～工商消费委也经常发出消费警示～但老年人购买保健品还是频频被骗～这固然与老人年上年纪后应变、防范等能力下降、子女对老人关心不够、保健品商家变相欺诈等因素有关～但最主要的原因还在于保健品行业缺乏有效监管: 一、法律缺失导致部门监管难。 2009年颁布的《中华人民共和国食品安全法》第五十一条规定:“国家对声称具有特定保健功能的食品实行严格监管。有关监督管理部门应当依法履职～承担责任。具体管理办法由国务院规定”。“具体管理办法”～到现在都没出台～自2009年5月国务院法制办就《保健食品监督管理条例》,送审稿,向社会公开征求意见后～该条例至今未正式出台。由于缺乏必要的法律依据～作为保健品行业主要监管部门的食药监部门没有为经营者发放许可证的职能～对无证经营保健品行为只能要求商家整改～而不能行使具体的处罚,由于没有专门针对保健品广告的法律规定～工商部门只能按照《广告法》对存在虚假内容的广告进行查处～无法对夸大产品功能的广告进行处理～严重削弱了执法力度。 二、工商、食药监、公安等部门“九龙治水”～始终未能进行有效监管。 aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 根据现行法律～保健品市场监管涉及食药监、工商、质监、卫生等多个部门～食药监部门对保健品的安全负有监管责任～工商部门可依据广告法对产品虚假宣传进行查处～公安部门对于涉嫌诈骗的可依法追究其刑事责任。现实生活中～一起保健品违法案件往往汲及多方面违法行为～既有生产假冒伪劣产品行为～又有虚假广告宣传行为～严重的还构成犯罪。查处一起保健品违法案件～需要食药监、工商、质监、卫生等多个部门相互配合、相互合作～才能对违法行为起到震慑作用。但由于谁都能管一点～导致谁都不愿意出面管～工商、公安等部门认为2009年以后保健品监管职能已划归食药监部门～凡涉及保健品违法行为均由食药监部门管理～但食药监部门因新的《保健食品监督管理条例》未出台～无法对保健品行业进行全面有效的监管～导致保健品行业屡查屡造假的怪象。 三、保健品商家故意逃避监管。 为逃避消费纠纷及部门监管～保健品经销商基本上采取租赁临时经营活动场所、流动摊点、上门推销等方式开展经营活动～还有的采取打“游击战”战略～今天是酒店、明天是社区～后天就是电影院。一旦发生消费纠纷或者被执法部门查禁～马上转移藏匿～另起炉灶～逃避责任。等老年人发现质量问后～往往人去楼空～既找不到经营者～也无法提供票据～执法部门无法介入处理,对通过举办讲座方式售卖aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 保健品的～如果老年人不能提供现场视频、含有夸大成分的宣传单等物证～执法部门也难以调查取证。 随着老龄化的到来～未来老龄产业将快速发展～保健品市场潜力巨大。据不完全统计～目前我国健康产业年产值5600亿元左右～生产企业共约1700家～2015年我国营养与保健食品产值预计将达到1万亿元。为了让老年人放心消费～政府职能部门要全面履行保健品监管职能～切实维护保健品市场秩序～为此～建议: 一、国家尽快出台《保健食品监督管理条例》。 建议国家在充分论证的前提下～尽早出台《保健食品监督管理条例》～对保健品审批、生产、流通、监管等环节做出具体规定。在审批环节～要严格规范审批并审查企业报送的资料～杜绝假冒伪劣产品进入市场～从源头上管控保健品的质量安全,在生产、流通环节～要严格审核企业的生产、经营主体资格～实行保健品生产、经营行业的资格准入制度～规范保健品标签～要求详细标识产品名称、各种原料含量、生产日期、生产商、包装者、销售商名称和地址等信息～尤其要规定企业在产品上明确标注有效成分～标示敬告消费者语句,在监管环节～要定期审查保健品企业资质、组织实施保健品安全性监测和评价～明确非法添加违禁物品、夸大及虚假宣传等违法行为的法律责任～进一步加大对不法保健品生产、经营企业的监管和处罚力度。 aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 二、严厉打击违法行为～并给予高额处罚。 公安、工商、食药监等执法部门要严厉打击保健品市场违法行为～从严处臵采取不法手段欺骗老年消费者的保健品商家～从严查处制售假冒伪劣保健品、非法添加违禁药品、虚假广告、盗用保健食品批准文号等违法行为,要建立高效灵敏的监督网络～组织有关人员定期巡查、走访、调查～及时发现非法经营机构或不规范销售行为,要制订举报奖励办法、公布举报电话～发动群众积极举报非法推销老年人保健品行为。查获违法行为后～执法部门必须严格执法～坚决取缔并严厉打击违法行为～并给予高额的经济处罚和严厉的法律制裁～让不法商家为违法行为付出惨痛代价。除了对不法商家处以重罚外～还要设立“黑名单”制度～永远禁止他们再次进入这一市场。 三、职能部门要加强合作、联合执法。 保健品市场监管涉及食药监、工商、质监、卫生等多个部门～单靠一个部门无法有效监管保健品市场～食药监、工商、质监、卫生等职能部门要加强横向合作、互相配合～建立一个信息共享、齐抓共管的监管机制～对不法保健品生产、经营企业的违法行为进行全方位、网络化的监管～避免出现监管死角。一旦发现保健品商家用欺诈的办法推销老年人保健品或制售假冒伪劣产品的～公安、工商、食药监等执法部门必须加强合作～开展联合执法～共同取缔并严厉打击违法aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and 行为～尤其是对故意逃避监管行为的～部门间更要相互协作～避免推诿扯皮～要想方设法开展调查取证～切实维护老年消费者的合法权益。 四、全面清理整顿社会环境。在处罚保健品商家的同时～监管部门还要严格审查“免费议诊、免费体检、健康讲座、产品展销会”等活动的真实性、合法性～避免老年人掉入“免费陷阱”,整顿“电视养生节目”～ 严肃追究为非法保健品广告提供发布平台的各类媒体、骗取公众信任的“专家、名人、明星”的相关责任～避免老年人因迷信媒体及专家而上当受骗。 aspects of work and life. (E) strengthening the capacity-building of party members. "Two" and end in "." But to do well, not only has "mind", the key to "force". Insist on learning by practice, learning and promote, promote the broad masses of party members and cadres to actively respond to new situations, to learn new skills, make a contribution according to positions. To focus on improving the ability to carry out five new idea. Education guide members cadres accurate grasp strengthening and improved party on economic work led of new requirements, deep understand, and