热敷冷敷（Hot compress and cold compress）

热敷冷敷（Hot compress and cold compress） 热敷冷敷(Hot compress and cold compress) Hot cold, the taboo Wrong time, hot compress to add fuel to the flames Hot compress is a well known and simple method of physical therapy (see below for specific practice). Is often used to cause some chronic gastrointestinal diseases and soft tissue injury pain, early not pus furuncle, lymphadenitis, eye sty, toothache, arthritis and other diseases of urinary retention. The main function is to compress local vessel expansion, improve local blood circulation and lymph circulation, is conducive to the congestion and exudate absorption, with swelling and pain, reduce the adhesion and promote wound healing. But hot compress must pay attention to the opportunity. For injuries such as ligament tear, muscle and soft tissue trauma, such as contusion or sprain, hot compress can only backfire if you are just injured. The hot pack must be done 1~2 days after the injury. Cold compress early, local pain relief, swelling Cold compress can make the blood vessel shrink, relieve the local congestion, restrain the sensory nerve, relieve the pain, relieve the symptoms, and have the function of lowering temperature, stopping bleeding, relieving pain and swelling. Cold compresses should be done within 24 hours of injury. The sooner you start an injury, the better. Many letters mentioned some live television sports scene: rescue workers to athletes injured athletes immediately fell to the ground parts of spraying, magically stood up, full of vigor and vitality and to participate in the competition. What kind of magic bullet does ambulance personnel use? It turned out that these "miracles" were created by "cold compresses". Ambulance personnel according to their injuries, the chemical refrigerant injection to acute sprain and strain position, quickly reduce the local tissue temperature, through the "cold" role, one to stop bleeding, detumescence and analgesic. Of course, the injured athletes can ignore their injuries and struggle hard, and they are closely related to their indomitable will. Cold compress, hot compress, how to implement? Cold compress common methods are "dry" and "wet" two: The dry and cold compress method. In the rubber bag or rubber gloves and other substitutes), a half a bag of ice or ice or cold water), tie the bag, separated by a towel cloth cover, etc. between ice and skin. The interval between cold compresses is usually 1 to 2 hours, and 20 minutes each time. It can be repeated many times a day. The wet dressing. Soak two small towels or gauze in a basin of cold water (if ice is placed on ice, no ice, then use fresh water), take turns to wring, half dry, deposited in the affected part. 4~5 minutes to replace the compress, deposited 20~30 minutes each time, can be deposited more than once a day. If the injured hand or foot, you can also directly injured hands or feet soaked in cold water, each time not more than 15 minutes. Hot compress commonly used methods are "dry" and "wet" two: First, dry hot compress method. This is hot water bag hot compress method: 60~70 degrees of hot water filled with hot water bag capacity of 2 / 3, exhaust gas, tighten the mouth pocket (pay attention to water leakage). The hot water bag into the cloth cover with cloth or Fuyu, usually hot compress 20 ~ 30 minutes, daily 3 ~ 4 times. If there is no hot water bag, you can also use a metal kettle (wrapped with towels), or with hot salt or rice or sand to replace the cloth bag. Two is hot and humid compress method. Prior to the two small towel or gauze soaked in hot water in the basin, turn out and twist to the semi dry, with his wrist palmar test the temperature is appropriate (must not hot to Fuyu), top and then covered with cotton pad, so as to avoid heat loss, about the replacement once every 5 minutes a total of 20 ~ 30 minutes. Can be deposited 3~4 times a day. Understand taboos, but also pay attention to the whole As mentioned above, the opportunity to apply cold compresses and hot compresses is a simple, quick and efficient physical therapy for local injuries. However, whether cold or hot compress, there are some taboos need to pay attention to. For example, when a wound has blisters or breaks, forming an open wound, it is not suitable for cold compresses; people who are especially sensitive to hypothermia or whose cardiovascular system is ill, Be careful with the cold have a fever; infection patients, diagnosis of unexplained abdomen, infection, facial triangle suspected organ hemorrhage, taboo hot compress; soft tissue contusion or joint sprain early, skin eczema, bacterial conjunctivitis, are taboo hot. In addition, the cold compress and hot compress are only aimed at the local physical therapy. When we see the local damage, we should pay close attention to the whole condition of the wounded. For example, a patient with a hematoma of the scalp can have cold compresses early and use hot packs after 24 hours. But should be fully alert to patients with intracranial hematoma, concussion or contusion of the brain, such as the discovery of more and more obvious headache, nausea, vomiting, irritability or loss of consciousness gradually. Ear, nose bleeding and other symptoms, should immediately emergency treatment. Edit this paragraph What diseases can not be hot compress? Hot compress is a simple and practical method for treating diseases. Heat causes expansion of the skin's blood vessels, If the body's skin is full of blood, the body's 1/2 to 2/3 blood will accumulate in the skin. So when the heat to the skin in the blood, will soon heat transmitted to other body parts, so that the local blood circulation, increase blood oxygen content, metabolic rate is increased, which can promote the absorption of local inflammation. After the hot compress, the waste in the muscle can also be accelerated to exclude fatigue, prevent spasm, and make the muscles relax and comfortable. As a result, many families use hot packs to treat diseases and remove fatigue. However, some diseases or soft tissue injuries, the use of hot compress will not only play a timely role in the treatment, but aggravating the disease, causing serious consequences. Therefore, if you encounter the following circumstances, should be careful to use hot compress. Acute abdominal pain, abdominal pain for many reasons, if it is because of the cold and gastrointestinal muscle cramps, application of hot compress can play the effect of pain relief. However, when the causes and properties of abdominal pain have not been determined, the treatment of hot compress should not be abused, otherwise the development of the disease will be concealed and the disease can not be diagnosed and treated in time. Facial triangle area inflammation infection: local inflammation of skin, infection with hot compress treatment, can promote the absorption of inflammation, contribute to the early treatment of the disease. However, the inflammation in the facial triangle (a triangular region of the nasal root and both sides of the mouth line) is contraindicated in hot compress. This is because the facial region is not only rich in blood vessels, and blood vessels directly with intracranial artery with local vessel expansion when hot, it is easy to bacteria and toxins into the blood, enter the brain through the blood, causing septicemia and meningitis and other serious consequences. Soft tissue injury: the initial stage of local soft tissue injury is contraindicated in hot compress. For example, hand or foot and other parts of the soft tissue acute sprain or injury, often accompanied by soft tissue bleeding, swelling, and further aggravate pain. The correct method is after local soft tissue injury third days again hot compress, can achieve the result. Red eye disease: acute conjunctivitis caused by bacteria or viruses, often accompanied by congestion and hemorrhage of the capillaries, which causes redness of the eyes. If you are eager to hot compress, can make the eye local blood circulation accelerated, bleeding increased, red eyes more and more fierce. Secondly, because of the increase of local temperature, it is beneficial to the multiplication of bacteria and the increase of secretions, which will further aggravate the eye diseases. In addition, suffering from skin eczema and suspected visceral bleeding tendency, but also taboo hot compress, due to hot compress can aggravate the condition or increase bleeding. Edit this paragraph How cold and hot compress after eye trauma? Application of cold compress in the treatment of eye injuries, Can be said to be quite common, but when the cold should be used, when the use of hot compress, depending on the different lesions, not stereotyped, otherwise, not only did not play the role of adjuvant therapy, but make the disease worse. * general conditions, acute phase with cold compress (that is: ice compress), chronic phase with hot compress. After eye trauma, swelling or eyelid surgery, should immediately ice compress, the effect is excellent. The aim is to reduce swelling and two to relieve pain. * chronic blepharitis, needle, chronic keratoconjunctivitis and other diseases, it is better to compress. Because hot compress can promote the blood circulation of local tissues, relax the muscles around the eyes, and promote the absorption of inflammation. * cold compress is with cold towel or gauze applied to the affected area, the time is usually thirty minutes each time, about four to six times a day, if there is a wound, cold compress on the wound, it is necessary to ensure that towels clean, avoid infection. The hot compress is to use a towel dipped in warm water than the bath water, wring it off and apply it to the eyelid until the towel is cold. Heat five to ten minutes each time, about three to four times a day. If there is hot in ophthalmic use, medicine, can increase the effect. * cold compresses and hot packs are only a simple way of assisting. They must see a doctor when they suffer from eye diseases, and ask them to give proper diagnosis and treatment. Edit this paragraph Hot compress therapy for headache Hot compress therapy can use hot water bags, hot towels and so on. Hot compress therapy can be applied to a headache: Headache caused by neuralgia is generally divided into the head side or the back of the nerve pain, and the temple to the cheeks have pain trigeminal neuralgia. Their main manifestation is a pinprick of pain. Even if you touch your hair or face with your hands, you feel uncomfortable. Hot towels can be used for hot compress while gently pressing. Fatigue headache caused by fatigue will have a heavy head, head heavy feeling, is caused by poor circulation. Can be in the back of hot compress, or hot water shampoo, using hair dryer for hot massage. Of course, the best way to eliminate all body fatigue is to take a hot bath. Menopausal headache, headache caused by menopause, in addition to hot towel hot compress 10-15 minutes, you can use hot water bags or electric heating Bao to about 80 degrees, with a towel or bath towel wrapped several layers, hot compress, neck and shoulder. A headache resulting from gastrointestinal discomfort, resulting in headache, constipation, or diarrhea, accompanied by head heat and foot cold sensation, is often caused by gastrointestinal dysfunction. At this point, should be hot compress below the foot of the neck. Such as hot compress around the navel, the effect is better. Edit this paragraph Ginger juice and hot compress with stiff neck Many people have had the experience of stiff neck. Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, massage massage department director Liu Changxin said: "if a stiff neck, with mild symptoms at home can try treatment with vinegar and ginger, the hot compress is a very practical method." Chinese medicine believes that the neck is the cold evil invasion, meridian blockage barrier, or Laughton contusion caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis. Vinegar has the role of blood stasis, and mashed ginger juice has the effect of relieving swelling and pain. A combination of local hot compress can effectively relieve neck stiff neck discomfort. Prepare a cotton towel, take 300-500 grams of vinegar and ginger juice 100 grams, heated to boiling, the towel in the water, soak for a while, do not feel very hot, half dry towel will be deposited in the neck muscle pain, keep 20-30 minutes. To keep the heat hot, two towels can be rotated. At the same time can also be combined with hot compress, massage, massage to relax muscles, then press the point of pain relieving spasm, the head slightly raised and rocked the neck in order to straighten the meridians, the activities of the neck, the general treatment of 1-2 times, can ease the pain. Edit this paragraph Towel hot compress to eliminate injection induration Get rid of the buttocks scleroma, can fold the towels into several layers, soaked in 60 degrees Celsius hot water, twist dry, gently at the injection site induration after, every 30 minutes, side heat while kneading, induration to promote blood circulation, accelerate the absorption of liquid. Or put the potatoes cut into 1 cm thick slices, deposited in the local induration, every 30 minutes, until the lump subsided so far. In addition, can also use the Magnesium Sulfate 50% solution under the guidance of a doctor (available in pharmacies) and hot water according to 5:1 proportion, with a towel dipped in liquid, deposited in the scleroma, lasted 20 minutes, every 2~3 times. This can make local muscle relaxation, dilation of blood vessels, but also can make hard soft, dissipation. If the hot compress method is still difficult to fade the induration, realgar 1 grams, 9 grams of soft rosin, adding alcohol (70% alcohol) Jiaocheng paste, coated in a clean cloth, Fuyu scleroma, until the swelling subsided. Hot compress method of operation Hot compress can relax muscles, dilate blood vessels and promote blood circulation. Therefore, it can relieve inflammation, reduce swelling, relieve pain and keep warm. Operation essentials 1. there are two ways to heat up. One is the use of hot water bag, water temperature is 60-80 DEG C, to use the test temperature not too hot, the irrigation to the hot water bag 2/3 can discharge air in the bag, tighten the screw cap, put into the cloth sleeve or towel wrap, placed in the diseased part. You can also heat the salt, rice or sand into a cloth bag to replace hot water with hot compress. Usually hot compress 20-30 minutes each time, 3-4 times a day. 2. another hot compress is to soak the towel in hot water and wring it off and apply it to the diseased part. A towel or cotton pad can be placed outside the hot towel to keep the heat. Towels are usually replaced every 5 minutes, preferably with two alternate use. Heat each time for 15-20 minutes, deposited 3-4 times a day. Matters needing attention 1. no matter what kind of method should pay attention to prevent burns, especially children, the elderly, patients with coma, paralysis, diabetes and nephritis, poor blood circulation or insensitive patients, the use of heat, should always check the changes of local skin, such as red bubble, immediately stop. 2. as with hot compress therapy is suitable for the beginning of the furuncle, hordeolum, myositis, arthritis, dysmenorrhea, cold, caused by abdominal pain and low back pain. However, when the acute abdomen is not diagnosed, such as acute appendicitis, facial and oral infections, purulent, all kinds of visceral bleeding, joint sprain, edema in the early stage, are prohibited hot compress. The traditional Chinese medicine hot compress method is simple and easy to operate, so that the patient can be treated at home. When the operation can be directly into the large bowl herbal decoction, can also be a drug bag into the pocket and then into the pot boiled, cooked, first with hot steam fumigation affected part, until the liquid temperature drop is moderate, with a towel dipped into the liquid deposited in the affected area, or directly to the charging pocket and apply to affected area every time, treatment time was 20~30 minutes, 1~2 times a day. Hot compress therapy should pay attention to the temperature control in order to avoid scalding. The second Chinese medicine hot compress, general dosage, drug toxicity, told thousands of patients not accidental, in order to avoid drug poisoning. It should also be noted that although extensive use of hot compress therapy, the curative effect is outstanding, but there are also not suitable for hot compress diseases, such as skin damage, open injuries and other diseases, inappropriate use of hot compress therapy. Edit this paragraph Nursing care of Chinese herbal medicine for damp hot compress therapy Chinese herbal hot compress is a common clinical treatment in Department of traumatology. There have been a lot of reports on the methods and effects of its application, but there are still few explanations about its nursing. We observed the hot compress process of the patients with cervical and lumbar diseases, and found that the nursing of Chinese herbal hot compress is not dispensable. High quality care can not only guarantee the effect of treatment, but also avoid unnecessary pain (burns, allergies, etc.) to patients. 1 health education before wet hot compress 1.1, do a good job explaining the work before the hot compress to the patient, the purpose of treatment and the mechanism of action of drugs, so that patients receive treatment. 1.2 attention over local skin damage taboo hot compress, so as not to cause infection; 3 days taboo hot compress of acute soft tissue injury due to heat, promote blood circulation, can increase the pain reflex; hot compress position blocking therapy, hot compress should stop for 1 days, to prevent wound infection; in addition, the drug containing the closed anesthetic. The patient can cover up to heat the feeling of pain, easy cause burns, should pay attention to the application. 1.3, Professor hot compress method for the first hot compress patients, nurses should be hot compress method detailed introduction, and personal demonstration, make patients correct grasp. Specific methods: (1) Chinese medicine bags should be directly contact with the affected area skin, do not use other articles wrapped, so as not to affect the penetration of drugs to the tissue. Hot compress time strictly according to the doctor's advice, 2 times a day, 30 minutes each time, too long can cause local tissue degeneration. 1.4 clear hot compress parts, nurses should understand the patient's condition, to ensure accurate location of hot compress. If the patient has doubts about the hot spot, the nurse should understand the condition in detail and check the doctor's advice and explain clearly to the patient and dispel his misgivings. If some patients with lumbar disc herniation, only the buttocks or leg symptoms, and the root causes of the disease in the lumbar spine, so the correct hot compress parts should be at the waist, to avoid patients without permission to change and delay treatment. 1.5 control the temperature of the bag and the temperature of the bag is usually 38~42. When the skin is 45 DEG C when stimulated to heat pain, pain is greater than 45 DEG C not only increase generated burning, will cause irreversible damage to the organization. The nerve tissue damage disease, skin sensitivity to cold and hot drops, more likely to cause burns. Some patients can not comply with the nurse's persuasion, that the more effective drug bag heat, resulting in burns. Therefore, nurses should especially emphasize the temperature of the bag to attract the attention of the patients. 2 check in wet hot compress After delivering the medicine bag, should visit the ward promptly, examines the patient hot compress situation, discovered that the hot compress method is not correct or the part is inaccurate, should correct promptly. If some patients worry about the medicine bag dirty clothing or skin, commonly used plastic bags and medicine bag, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment can be considered. As we all know, the package wrapped with plastic cloth blocks the penetration of the effective components of the drug into the deep tissue, which seriously affects the curative effect. Therefore, it is important to check the patient's hot pack. 3 after wet hot compress, observation, inquiry 3.1, observe the skin every time after hot compress, should observe the local skin reaction, whether red swelling and pain, itching, skin color change, hair hard and rash, can be found early burns, tissue degeneration and allergies. The skin of patients with cervical and lumbar disease insensitive, extremely easy to cause the skin burns, and hot compress patients I difficult to observe, so the need for nurses to assist or to launch his roommate each observation, avoiding the scalding. The 3.2 nurse asked patients should use every patient contact opportunity (scan bed, injections, medicine etc.) ask hot feeling, if there is pain or other discomfort, should comfort the patients caused to foment reaction is temporary, stop after hot compress to alleviate, eliminate the tension. Avoid with suspicion or lose confidence in the recovery of the disease to treatment.