北京市图书馆整理

北京市图书馆整理 大连地区空间共享是什么样的 缩小范围，大连高校图书馆 1 概述范围对象，科研多少 ，起什么作用，资源共享的好处。背景，意愿。共建 的好处。 2观察参加了那些联盟 现状，作用，意义， 3存在的问题 4解决问题 5结束语，未来会怎样 首都图书馆联盟成立 63家图书馆将可通借通还 2012年03月13日 09:09 来源:华夏经纬网 字号:T|T 0人参与0条评论打印转发 今后，北京读者有望仅凭一张读者卡，实现同城63家图书馆通借通还。昨日，“首都 图书馆联盟”正式成立，并推出十大惠民措施。 联盟含110余家图书馆 据介绍，“图书馆联盟”由位于北京行政区域内的国家图书馆、党校系统图书馆、科研院所图书馆、高等院校图书馆，以及医院、部队、中小学图书馆和北京市公共图书馆等，共110余家图书馆自愿联合发起成立。“联盟”成立后，将推出十大惠民服务措施，包括高校图书馆逐步向社会免费开放、开展图书馆流动服务等。 “打通不同系统之间图书馆的壁垒，实现图书馆之间的资源共享，是很多图书馆人一生奋斗的梦想。”昨日，联盟发起人首都图书馆馆长倪晓建表示，作为市政协委员，他曾不止一次在北京市“两会”上提出关于学校图书馆应对公众开放的建议。如今，伴随“首都图书馆联盟”成立，他多年的呼吁也得以初步实现。 通借通还规模将再扩大 目前，北京市区县图书馆和部分街道图书馆系统已可以实现“通借通还”。此次，“图书馆联盟”成立，使得通借通还的规模进一步扩大。 预计不久之后，北京市实现通借通还的区县和部分街道图书馆将达到63家。未来，可以实现通借通还的图书馆有望达到100家左右。届时，居民可以就近完成图书借阅。 国图首图实现“一卡通” 此外，虽同处北京，但因分属文化部和市文化局管理，国家图书馆和首都图书馆的借阅权限，长期以来“泾渭分明”。“首都图书馆联盟”成立之后的第一件事，就是通过一份战略合作意向书，实现国图和首图的“一卡通”。 按照这份规定，国图和首图之间将率先实现读者证互认。未来无论读者持有国图读者证，或是持有北京市公共图书馆网络联合读者卡，都可在这两家图书馆通用，无需再单独办卡。 高校图书馆开放分4种形式 在此次联盟推出的十大惠民措施中，包括高校图书馆逐步面向社会免费开放。 据了解，目前，北大、清华等部分高校已对校外读者开放阅览室，还有一些高校对学校周边的居民办理读者证，但对数量进行一定限制。昨日，倪晓建介绍，高校图书馆本身愿意向社会开放，但是，出于对学校安全和校园秩序的考虑，一些高校对于大范围面向公众开放还存有一定顾虑。为此，自愿加入“联盟”的高校图书馆准备通过建立复本书库、提供数字资源、展览巡回以及办理一定数量的读者卡等4种方式，逐步向公众打开。 据了解，建立复本书库是北大图书馆馆长朱强建议的。昨日，倪晓建转述他的建议称，对高校图书馆中的一些书籍，可增加其复本数量，联盟成员单位将部分复本图书集中起来建立调剂书库，基层图书馆可在调剂书库内挑选图书，既解决大面积对外开放带来的人流压力，也可以满足公众对于高校图书馆资源的需求。 责任编辑:胡光曲 论未来图书馆资源共享发展的趋势 来源:中国论文下载中心 [ 09-09-19 09:35:00 ] 作者:蔡敏 编辑:studa090420 【论文关键词】:趋势;图书馆;资源共享 【论文摘要】:资源共享建设的本质，就是根据用户不断变化的需求，利用新兴的技术和手段，为用户提供更全面，更便利的服务，满足用户不断膨胀的需求。网络环境下图书馆的用户需求具有了与以往所不同的、崭新的特点，这就要求图书馆的用户服务模式应该随之发生变化，根据社会环境和用户需求不断调整和更新自身的服务模式，更好地适应和服务于社会及其公众，将是网络环境下图书馆生存与发展的迫切需要。 上世纪60年代和70年代，图书馆联盟的功能局限于馆际互借、共享、咨询服务协作等方面，80年代之后，增加了通过联盟增强购买力，自动化协作，以联盟名义寻求资金赞助，联盟内各成员馆在分享利益的同时也共同承担风险等新内容。今后人们将更理性地选择共享模式，图书馆联盟将成为实现共享的重要组织形式。机制创新将使共享充满活力;共享的法律环境会更加完善;资源共享的基础建设将加快步伐?。资源共享建设的本质，就是根据用户不断变化的需求，利用新兴的技术和手段，为用户提供更全面，更便利的服务，满足用户不断膨胀的需求。在研究综述中提到的趋势研究大多着重于资源共享的各方面，如在图书馆数据库的建设，图书馆服务模式，服务形式的发展等方面提出了未来的发展方向。网络环境下图书馆的用户需求具有了与以往所不同的、崭新的特点，这就要求图书馆的用户服务模式应该随之发生变化，根据社会环境和用户需求不断调整和更新自身的服务模式，更好地适应和服务于社会及其公众，将是网络环境下图书馆生存与发展的迫切需要。文章了网络环境下资源共享的未来发展趋势。 一、网络环境下资源共享的新含义 随着计算机和网络的发展，电子数据库、电子光盘、网络资源等数字信息正成为主流信息资源。美国加州大学伯克利分校经过系统分析?，在2001年提出的研究报告中给出了数字信息规模和增长速度的量化统计:全世界每年生产1×10??到2×10??字节的信息，大约为全世界每人250兆字节。其中，所有印刷型载体的信息量只占0.003，平均年增长率为 50%-100%;网络交流中也产生大量的数字化信息，其中E-mai1达到11285TB; www网络中不重复的可公共浏览的网页21亿个(每个网页平均l0K数据)，每天将会增加700万新网页;众多网络数据库还以非网页形式存储了7500TB数据，包含5500亿不同的记录或文件。数字信息主流化不仅意味着信息可获得性的极大提高，而且迅速促成"信息及其存取的民主化"，越来越多的个人、群组或机构可以方便和低成本地打破专门机构的垄断，在大范围、大规模和持续地发布、获取、存储信息，并进一步导致以用户和信息生产者驱动的信息资源与服务市场新格局。 因此，随着计算机技术的发展和因特网在全球的普及，资源共享被赋予了新的含义，并成为举世瞩目的重要课题，更加被图书馆界所重视。在数字技术和计算机出现之前，资源共享仅限于印刷型文献为主的馆际互借互赠、书本目录的交换等。现代的文献信息资源共享，是指图书馆机构采用以计算机技术为核心的现代技术，对文献信息资源进行存贮、检索和传递，快速为全社会的用户提供他们所需的本馆或它馆以及全世界各馆的文献信息资料，实现真正意义上的文献信息资源共享。这种含义的文献信息资源共享，是现代图书馆的重要特征。如果图书馆不根据用户需求的变化及时调整策略，及时改进自身的馆藏建设，图书馆将会失去众多信息用户，图书馆在信息领域传统的核心地位将会受到威胁。 另外，网络环境下的资源共享的内容更广泛。它们还可以是人力资源如资深的图书馆员以及相关的信息设备，以至于管理资源的共享。如图书馆联盟中的各成员馆可以充分共享具有信息资源管理、计算机网络应用、外语以及学科馆员的专业人才，对于小型的成员馆可以通过网络共享这些人力资源，为共同的用户提供服务，如联合参考咨询中就充分的利用了人力以及设备的共享，实现了优势互补。 二、网络环境下资源共享的服务方式多样化 图书馆工作要以人为本，其用户服务工作也应当以用户为中心。传统图书馆的用户服务如此，网络环境下图书馆的用户服务则更应该这样。以用户为中心，满足用户的需求是网络环境下图书馆资源建设的出发点和归宿。网络环境因特网资源的迅速膨胀，用户需求的快速发展，使得任何一个信息服务机构，包括图书馆都不可能凭借自己的能力高质量地满足用户的需求，因此图书馆资源共享建设的目的也是为满足用户的不断需求。 网络环境下，用户对信息资源的需求有以下特征: 首先，多样化和多层次性。社会信息化的发展和网络的普及，人们的信息意识日益增强。各技术领域的专门化和交叉学科，边缘学科的出现也促使用户产生各种各样的信息需求，并且用户的不同职业，受教育的程度不同，用户个体的知识特征和知识储备不同，使其产生了类型多样的信息需求，也决定了他们不同的信息需求层次。另外经济环境的改变也影响到用户对信息的选择，为了个人发展及生活需要，用户具有不同的信息。 其次，个性化和专指化。随着社会的发展进步，社会民众的个人意识逐渐增强，使之更加关注自我的发展完善、个性的彰显，对信息的需求也相应的出现个性化、专指化趋势。用户在网络上寻求信息资源的目标更明确，针对性越强。 第三、综合化和系统化。随着社会的发展，社会对个人知识结构的要求随之改变。为适应社会的需要，实现自我价值，社会成员必须获得全面发展，掌握尽可能广泛多样的信息。因此，用户需求开始由单一学科向多学科综合发展，他们既需要个性化、专指化的信息，又希望获取的信息全面、系统。信息技术的发展使得信息的形式、形态和载体多样，也带来信息的获取方式和途径的多种选择，用户必然要求最终获取的信息能够尽可能的全面、系统。 [1] [2] [下一页] [尾页] 第四、时效性和准确性。网络信息的爆炸性增长，使得信息的无序现象更加严重，大量"无效信息"，"垃圾信息"同有效信息混杂在一起。技术的发展增强了人们获取信息的能力，但识别和检索信息的能力并没有相应提高。面对信息的冗余，人们希望在最短的时间内，花费最少的成本，获得价值较高、符合需要的信息资源，用户的实效意识逐渐加强。获取信息的准确度，获取方式的方便程度、信息成本等成为用户考虑的因素。 第五、新颖性和快速性。科技的飞速发展，知识在不断的更新，文献增长和老化速度的加快，人们更加注重所需求信息的新颖性和快速性。 对于网络环境用户的上述特征的信息需求，图书馆的资源共享建设依靠传统的馆际互借，文献传递等服务显然已经不能满足用户的需求，也必须实时分析用户的信息需求，相应推出不同的服务方式解决。网络环境下图书馆对用户的服务方式有?:开放性服务，网络环境下图书馆的用户服务有传统的一馆一舍走向全开放的社会，开展社会化的信息开发、组织、提供等系统性活动，建立辐射型的开放服务体系;主动性服务，网络环境下图书馆的用户服务形式将是主动出击，广泛挖掘社会信息需求，积极开展用户开发活动，以使潜在的用户转换为实际的用户，进一步使用户的隐性需求转变为显性的需求;增值性服务，社会对网络下图书馆的需求并不是仅限于信息的传播，而更重要的是通过对信息的深层次加工，从文献为单元，深入到以知识为单元，实现信息的增值，使之成为专门化的知识;智能性服务，网络环境下图书馆应不断提高本身的智能特征，使用户方便快捷的获得这些复杂的工具;集成性服务，图书馆为了方便用户利用其各类数字化的资源，充分利用各种智能化技术对其不同类型、不同特点的数字化资源进行整合，实现信息资源、信息技术、信息内容的集成;个性化，基于对信息用户使用的习惯、偏好、特点、研究课题和研究方向，向用户提供满足其独特需求的一种针对性服务，是图书馆等信息服务业向纵深发展的方向和重要内容;用户驱动，图书馆实现以用户为中心的服务理念并且实现以用户为主导的自助服务;特色化和协调性，特色化建设以及各种特色的联合是满足用户快速增长需求的基本方法:有偿性和无偿性，网络环境下图书馆坚持传统服务项目的同时，在一定范围内适度进行有偿服务是图书馆用户服务的发展趋势之一;多元化，包括服务种类的多元化和服务形式的多元化。 三、网络环境下资源共享政策及法律法规的完善 网络环境下，网络安全以及知识产权的保护问题凸显了其复杂性。用户在进行资源共享的时候，总是希望自身的权益能得到切实的保障。图书馆在提供资源共享的时候，必须满足用户的这种需求。因此国家必须制定比较完善的法律法规，使得在资源共享的过程中有法可依，有章可循。图书馆立法是一个国家图书馆事业发展水平的一个标志，图书馆事业比较发达的国家，图书馆法律都比较完善。我国图书馆在资源共享的建设的同时，也逐渐完善相关的法律法规。 用户对信息资源的需求是资源共享建设的动力，我国社会、经济的发展，产生了大量的文献以及信息资源，用户对信息资源的需求保障，为国家制定政策以及法律法规提供了依据。信息资源是社会发展的重要基础，信息资源的共享需要有一定的规则制度。资源共享制度是法律法规、管理制度和条例办法的体现，制定完善的共享制度体系，是信息资源共享保障机制中的关键;同时资源共享制度的建立需要寻找适应信息化，网络化的共享技术作为支撑、在满足不同的信息需求的同时，实现信息资源有效共享，最终为满足用户的需求服务。 目前，资源共享方面的法律法规大致包括以下层次:科技进步法、信息资源共享法、政府信息公开法;行政管理法规、国家与地方颁布的信息资源共享条例;共享管理的具体方法、共享管理建设、服务监督与评价办法、科学数据汇交方法等。随着国家对资源共享建设 的重视，国家层面上的资源共建的规章制度也必将更加完善。另外对资源共享的组织管理机制，资金投入机制，以及解决涉及知识产权保护、兼容等方面问题的制度建设也会更加健全。并且为建立信息资源共享管理等配套措施，提高服务质量水平，需要通过政策引导和宏观调控，制定科学、合理、有效的制度体系，营造有利于健康、稳定发展的良好的制度环境。这样，就可以限制"人制"的随意性，确保资源共享的稳定发展。 2001年，首图新馆正式启用，新馆踞北京城东南一隅，籍先进的设备设施和一流的服务环境，首图不断 馆内活动(8张) 地创新进取，取得了傲人的成就。从古老的国子监到现代化的智能图书馆，首图完成了跨世纪的飞跃。 在新馆开馆之初，首图就提出了“大开放，大服务”的办馆方针，而“以人为本，读者至上”的服务理念，更充分体现出首图的人文关怀:康复文献阅览首开国内专为残障读者服务的先河，被誉为“爱心无限、功德无量”的一大善举;全面实行借阅合一的服务模式，消除图书和读者的距离;无限制办理读者卡，人人都可以享受读书的权利;积极探索动态的服务模式，拓展服务的外延，诸多的创新服务举措不胜枚举。 截止2003年，首图藏书突破350万册，文献采购加工量跃至每年近30万册(件)，年接待到馆读者达150万余人次，文献借阅量逾百万册。遍及北京地域的首图分馆和星罗棋布的基层送书点，使首图的服务领域得以无限延伸。此外，每年200余场次的各种讲座展览、报告会异彩纷呈，特别是举办世界各国艺术展，吸引了大量市民参加。 首都图书馆 2002年首图完成了北京市政府对北京市民承诺的60件实事之一，实现了与11个区县图书馆、33个乡镇街道图书馆的联合检索、网上阅览、馆际互借、资源共享，构建了北京市公共图书馆信息服务网络平台;作为全国文化信息共享工程北京分中心，首图已开通了数十个基层分中心，借助现代化的通讯手段，身处山区的人也可以安享丰富的文化大餐。首图全力打造的“北京记忆”等数字化精品项目即将登陆互联网，独具社会影响力的服务品牌“首图讲坛”已经深深植根于民众之中，能够惠及更多市民的知识型品牌“首图读书时间” 等众多项目正在详密筹划。 一、 前言 北京市图管条例是北京的地方立法，我们知道文献信息资源的共享一直是一个难题，尤其在地方，有地方图书馆、高校图书馆、科研院所图书馆，资源都是在各自的领域使用。但是资源只有共享了才会提高资源的利用效率和资源建设单位的投入。 二、 存在的问题 文献资源共享是图书馆现代化建设的重要内容和方向。2000年以来 “数字北京”建设目标提出和实施之后，在北京市图书馆条例制定和实施工作推动下，以首都图书馆新馆的开馆和北京市公共图书馆计算机信息服务网络的建成运行为标志，加快了步伐，取得了很大的成绩。但是确实存在着很多问题，我们实现了共享能够推动基于对这些问题的正确认识。 1、 北京文献资源与服务资源优势明显 优势具体表现在什么地方呢,首先北京是全国政治、文化中心，多数全国各系统、各类图书馆、文献情报机构的荟萃之地，北京图书馆事业的发展有着明显的不同于全国其他省市的特点。还有众多的中心都设在北京，质量在全国来讲也是最高的，而且设施、人才、管理水平都很高，所以资源优势是很大的。 2、 在文献信息资源的管理和使用上存在明显的问题 虽然有这么多优势但是问题也非常明显。一个是在资源共享工作中如何协调两大板块(中央和北京市)和四大系统(高校、公共院所、国家图书馆和其他图书馆)的关系，第二个是文化行政管理部门只有管理公共图书馆的职能，开展各类读书管资源共享的工作与北京市文化局职能不相适应。第三个是和首都图书馆与国家级图书馆、文献信息中心相比顶多处于对等的位置，如何实现与别人的共享。 三、 努力推进图书馆立法工作，为资源共享提供依据 解决这个问题首先应通过制定立法来推动和保障图书馆资源共享工作，再一个是建设北京市公共图书馆计算机信息网络，第三是采取各种形式推动各类图书馆之间的资源共享，通过签定协议、建立分管、联网等具体措施来推动。第四是强调加强公共图书馆特色文化信息的建设。这些思路经过三四年的建设证明是科学的，而且确实是极大地推进了北京市资源共享工作。 02年7月18北京市第十一届人大常委会通过了这个条例，而且开始实施。这是第一个由公共图书馆扩展到地方所管辖各级各类图书馆的条例，适应了现代图书馆事业的发展趋势，打破了图书馆条块分割的管理体制。为资源共享和各种馆之间的合作提供了法律依据。 第一、首先解决了文化行政管理部门的职能和图书馆资源共享工作的矛盾。 第二、率先在国内扩大了适用范围。 第三、特别强调了图书馆行业组织的管理作用。 第四、突出文献资源共享与各类型图书馆的合作。 第五、对构建北京市图书馆信息资源体系也做了规定，特别提出文献信息资源的建设应当统一规划、合理布局、分工协作、共建共享，同时也明确了北京市图书馆资源共享体系的基本架构。 第六、特别强调加强图书馆信息网络建设。 四、 建设公共图书馆计算机信息服务网络，为资源共享提供手段 图书馆资源的共享发展与计算机网络技术的发展密切相关，真正的资源共享只有通过现代化的计算机网络手段才能有效地实现，为此，北京市文化局在推进图书馆立法工作的同时把北京市公共图书馆计算机信息服务网络建设作为资源共享的重点。02年12月26号公共图书馆计算机信息服务网络正式建成并开通，被列为北京市人民政府为民所办的60件实事之一。 通过这项工程的建设使北京市图书馆的现代化建设取得很大的成绩，成为“数字北京”支撑体系的重要信息源。到目前已经建设了一个市级中心，22个区县分中心，84个网络联网点，92个共享工程点，以农村为主，同时建立了“北京记忆”多媒体网站，里面不仅有图片、文字，还有多媒体资源，这样对北京历史文化都进行了非常详细的介绍。还为23个区县图书馆配备了图书流动车。39个馆实现了读者借阅“一卡通”的服务。 五、 签订资源共享协议，推动图书馆间的资源共享 从北京市图书馆的实际出发，采取签订资源共享协议和实行分馆制相结合的形式，推动不同系统、不同级别的图书馆之间的资源共享。 六、 加强特色文献资源建设，形成共建体系 信息化的重点是在内容，内容就是资源，资源体系必须要有特色、有价值，这样的信息化才有意义。在十年、二十年前北京信息化就开始强调要建设特色文献资源体系，并制定了资源建设发展规划，明确首图作为北京市市属大型综合性图书馆，其藏书发展将遵循为北京市社会和经济发展服务的总体方针，要建立起以社科文献为主，兼顾自然科学文献的综合性藏书体系，保证各学科的文献品种和特色适应北京市社会、经济和文化的发展需要。 七、制定规划，扩展网络 经过这么多年的努力，北京市资源共享工作已经奠定基础了，今后将进入巩固现有成果基础上进一步发展的阶段。具体措施是这样的，一个是建立图书馆资源建设、资源共享专家委员会，制定规划。再一个是进一步落实北京市政府加强基层文化进社区的意见，把网络向社区、街道延伸。到2007年的时候，要求全市区县级、街道级图书馆全部联网。同时进一步加强组织建设，充分发挥北京图书馆协会的作用。 北京首都图书馆联盟成立 图书资源逐步共享 2012-03-12 16:27 来源:中国广播网 打印本页 关闭 中广网北京3月12日消息(记者李文蕊 实习记者王伊莉)今天(12)上午，“首都图书联盟”成立，这是继五大文化联盟之后成立的又一个服务公众文化生活的联盟组织。该联盟由国家图书馆、首都图书馆、党校系统图书馆、科研院所图书馆及各个高校的图书馆自愿联合发起。 虽然同处北京，但国家图书馆和首都图书馆的借阅权限长期以来“泾渭分明”。联盟成立后，将会打破两家图书馆之间的传统借阅权限，实现一张读者卡“两者通吃”，国家图书馆和首都图书馆之间将会率先实现读者证的相互认证。北京市委宣传部鲁炜对此表示，国家图书馆和首都图书馆之间读者卡的相互认证只是一个开端，今后各个高校内的图书馆将会免费向社会开放，而许多优秀的讲座，将会在多个图书馆内进行转播。 对于未来是否可以将读者卡变成目前公共交通系统普遍采用的“一卡通”形式，鲁炜给予了认可。首都图书馆及其下属的区县图书馆和部分街道图书馆的“一卡通”，将实现同城通借通还的需求。 国家图书馆馆长周和平表示，首都图书馆联盟的成立，是推广文化惠民的又一创新举措，文献资料、图书的共享是社会发展、文化发展的需求，这样利于图书馆自身的发展，将资源有效的集中，让公众更好的享受文化生活。 据了解，首都图书馆联盟推出十大惠民服务措施即将开始实施，让市民走进图书馆、了解图书馆、利用图书馆。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.