有关为小主人们创造全面发展的乐园的探析中英文对照

有关为小主人们创造全面发展的乐园的探析中英文对照 The analysis of the all-round development of the park to create small people in Chinese and English 10多年来，南京市琅邵路校长李敬光带领教师们实施了以培养“集体、学习、生活” 的小主人为目标的教育改革，如今已结出了丰硕的成果，该校学生不仅是以学业成绩优异取 胜，更以一种同龄人少有的组织能力、创造热情、进取精神和生存本领而赢得社会的赞誉。 “小主人教育”被国家教育确定力全国“愉快教育”七校典型之一;李敬光校长关于促进学 生全面发展的论文破国家教委确定为全国中小学管理先进经验材料。笔者最近走访了李敬光 校长。 Over the past 10 years, Nanjing City Lang Shao Road Primary School Principals Li Jingguang led the implementation of the training of teachers " collective learning, life, " little master, as the goal of the education reform, has yielded fruitful results, the students not only win with excellent academic performance, more in a few peers organization ability, creative passion, enterprising spirit and survival skills and won the praise of the community. " The master of education " by the state education determine the force of the " Happy Education " School of seven typical; President Li Jingguang on promoting students' all-round development of the broken State Education Commission identified as the advanced management experience of national primary and secondary materials. I recently visited President Li Jingguang. “学生不是知识的‘容器’。而是学习的主人”李敬光在琅哪路小学工作了整整35个春秋， 担任校长已15个年头。 " Students are not knowledge ' ' container. But the study master " Li Jingguang worked for 35 years in the enamel which road primary school, as the principal has 15 years. “实施‘小主人教育’是从社会发展需要和儿童发展自身特点提出的。”李敬光谈起为什么 要抓“小主人教育”时，回顾了自己思考的过程，“一段时间以来，中小学教育偏差是把学 生当成知识、技能的‘容器’和‘加工机器’。填鸭式、被动式的应试教育把学生压得喘不 过气来，学生失去了学习的乐趣，丧失了主动探求问题的能力，本应在少儿时期得到发展的 专长、才能反而受到压挪。这样发展，很难培养出适应社会主义市场经济需要的高素质人才。 ‘小主人教育’就是为了扭转这种状况提出的，它的实质是以学生为主体，以教师的人格和 爱心为基础，所有的制定都从学生的实际出发，使学生快乐，身心得到健康成长。” " The implementation of ' the master education ' is put forward from the need of social development and the development of children 's characteristics. " Li Jingguang talked about why want to catch " the master of education ", reviews the process of thinking, " since period of time, primary and secondary school education bias is regard the students as knowledge, skills ' container ' and ' machine '. Examination-oriented education cramming, passive to students are not overwhelmed, the students lose the fun of learning, lose the ability to take the initiative to explore the problems, which should be developed in childhood, but by the pressure to move to. That way, it is difficult to develop and cultivate the high-quality talents to adapt to the socialist market economy. ' the master education ' is to reverse this situation is proposed, its essence is to take the student as the main body, the teacher's personality and love as the foundation, make all the plans are the reality of the students, make the students happy, healthy physical and mental growth. " “按照这个思路，我们以课堂教学力主阵地，强化课外、校外活动，把学生引向广阔的天地 ://www.zbfalan.com/ 去接受教育，既打好知识技能的基础，又打好‘学会学习’的基础，让学生学得愉快，学得 主动，能够终身受益。”李敬光说，为了达到这样的目标，学校对课程作了适当的调整。增 设了“课外阅读指导课”、“趣味数学课”，引导教师创造有效教学法。如低年级的“学玩结 合法”、“游戏学法”，“中高年级的“小组学习法”，自然学科的“情感教学法”等。作文教 学长期以来是小学生头痛的科目，也是教师比较难以把握的教学难点。任课教师充分利用教 材，引导学生体会作者的思想感情和达方法，激发学生的作文兴趣。作文训练时，让学生 经历说话、写话、作文三个步骤，使三年级学生比较顺利地完成了从口头作文向书面作文的 过渡。 "In this way, we in the classroom teaching for the position, strengthen the extra-curricular, extracurricular activities, the student to the wide world to accept education, foundation can play good knowledge and skills, but also good ' basic learning ', let the students learn happily, take the initiative to learn, can benefit from life. " Li Jingguang said, in order to achieve this goal, the school made the appropriate adjustment of curriculum. Added " extracurricular reading guidance course ", " math class ", guide teachers to create effective teaching method. Such as low grade " learning to play the combined method ", " game theory ", " high grade " team learning ", " natural science emotion teaching method " etc.. Composition teaching has long been the primary headache subjects, teachers teaching difficulty is also difficult to grasp. Teachers make full use of teaching materials, to guide students to realize the author's thoughts and feelings and expression method, arouse students' writing interest. The training of writing, let students experience speaking, writing, composition of the three steps, so that the third grade students successfully completed the transition from oral to written composition. 孪敬光接着说，“小主人教育”的一个特点就是教育者为学生创设各种舞台，为学生提供显 示才能的机会。学校组织的学科课外活动就是这样的尝试。我们在语文学科方面有办报、征 文、影评、佳作欣赏、演讲比赛;数学学科有自制教具、开展数学智力竞赛;自然学科有采 集标本、科技小实验、利用废旧物品自制小教具;美术、音乐、体育等学科，开展了各自的 表演和竞赛。校《红领中》报的小记者们采访过著名教育家匡亚明等知名人士、有一位学生 在《办报纸真有趣》的作文中写道:“我非常喜欢办报，它不仅锻炼了我们写作、绘画、排 版水平，丰富了我们的知识，而且充实了课余生活，提高了我们的学习兴趣”。据学校教导 处同志介绍，许多在琅邪路小学就读的学生，后来考上了大学直至走上工作岗位仍觉自己的 学习方法、习惯和研究思路，都是在小学阶段形成的。许多中学教师反映，琅哪路小学的毕 业生刚入学时分数并不算最高，但普遍后劲大、有潜力。 Then Luan Jingguang said, " master of education " is a feature of education for students create a variety of stage, to provide opportunities for students to display. Try the school organization discipline of extracurricular activities is such. We have newspaper, articles, reviews, appreciate the excellent work, speech competitions in Chinese science; mathematics with self-made teaching aids, to carry out mathematics competition; natural disciplines collecting specimens, technology experiment, waste by self-made small teaching aids; art, music, sports and other subjects, to carry out their respective performances and competitions. The school of " small " REDCOLLAR newspaper reporters interviewed famous educationist Kuang Yaming and other celebrities, is one of the students wrote in " do newspapers really interesting " composition: " I like running very much, it not only exercise our writing, painting, typesetting, enrich our knowledge, but also enrich their life, improve our interest in learning ". According to the school guidance office comrades introduced, many at the road primary school, and later admitted to the university to take up jobs are learning methods, their habits and research ideas, are formed in the primary school stage. ://www.lwxxcl.com/ ://www.zbfalan.com/ Many teachers reflect, Lang which road primary school graduates just when admission score is not the highest, but generally a large potential, potential. 省市重点中学每年都到学校“抢”学生。 Provincial key middle school every year to " grab" school students. “升学不是学生的终极目的。全面提高学生的素质才是学校工作的宗旨”。 The ultimate purpose of education is not the students ". Comprehensively improve the quality of students is the school's work efficiency ". 李敬光认为，抓“小主人教育”是由应试教育转向素质教育的一条重要的途径，它与德、智、 体、美、劳全面发展教育方针的精神是一致的。当前学生发展的最大障碍是心理障碍、情绪 障碍，迫切需要重视铸造学生的优秀品格和坚强性格，做到自由发展与价值结合，既解 放学生又规范学生，使他们享受张弛有度、充分创造性的学校生活。 Li Jingguang thinks, grasp the "little master education " is the shift from the examination-oriented education to quality education in an important way, with moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, the all-round development education policies are consistent with the spirit of the. The biggest obstacle to the development of students is a psychological disorder, mood disorder, the urgent need to cast their outstanding character and strong personality, combine the free development and standard of value, not only to liberate students for students, make them enjoy a school of life, full of creative. 在这方面，少先队活动是加强德育工作、培养学生做集体小主人的最经常的教育活动。学校 组织少先队员们在参观、访问、社会公益活动中了解社会、接触社会，增强热爱集体、热爱 祖国的小主人意识。各中队组织的活动，尽可能让学生自己出主意，自己主持活动，在实践 中提高他们的工作能力和组织能力。为了让所有的孩子经受锻炼、施展才能，学校对中年级 以上学生干部的产生，坚持轮换制和选举制，让少先队员增强自主意识。 In this regard, the young pioneers activities is to strengthen the work of moral education, cultivate students master the most often do the collective education activities. The school the young pioneers in the visit, social welfare activities to understand the society, contact the society, strengthen the collective love, love the motherland little master consciousness. The squadron activities, as far as possible to let students out of mind, he presided over the activities, and organizing ability in practice to improve their work ability. In order to let all the children to exercise, to display their abilities, the school on grade student cadres, adhere to the rotation system and election system, let the young pioneers increased awareness. 小学生的劳动活动是培养学生做生活小主人的重要环节。李敬光介绍道，学校从低年级开始 就有意识、有要求地引导学生从事自我服务、家务劳动和力所能及的公益劳动，在低年级开 展了“妈妈，我来做”活动，中高年级则举办“今天我当家”’、“美化我的小天地”等活动。 生动有趣的活动;使学生的自理能力、自信心都得到了增强。当谈到如何改变以升学力中心 的应试教育时，李敬光说，仅仅靠几所学校的努力是不够的，需要各级领导、社会各界的理 解、支持。比如，我们在中低年级进行“小主人教育”的力度就比较大，但到了高年级，主 要精力则又放在应试教育上。因为小学主升栅中依然要考试，社会依然以分数作为评价学生 的主要。 Primary labor activities is to train students to do important part of small master life. Li Jingguang said, the school started from low grade conscious, requirements to guide students in self service, housework and do everything in one's power of public labor, "mother carried out in low grade, I do " activities, held in high grade " Today my husband ' ", " to beautify my little world " etc. activities. Lively and interesting activities; to enable students to self-care ability, self-confidence ://www.lwxxcl.com/ ://www.zbfalan.com/ have been enhanced. When it comes to how to change the examination-oriented education or learning center, said Li Jingguang, only a few school effort is not enough, need leaders at all levels, the community's understanding, support. For example, we in the low grade "little master education " strength is greater, but the high grade, the main energy is put in the examination-oriented education. Because the primary school or the main gate still have an exam, still to score as the main criterion to evaluate students. “小主人教育’要拓展新领域，迎接跨世纪的挑战。” "Little master education ' to expand new areas, meet the challenge of the 21st century. " 尽管全面推行教育的外部条件不具备，但李敬光从来没有停止探索，他要冲破这种羁绊，把 学生引向更加自由发展的新天地。他说:“现在我想的最多的是小学教育如何迎接跨世纪的 挑战，构建开放式的自主创造型教育文化模式。江泽民同志指出:‘创新是一个民族前进的 灵魂，是国家兴旺发达的不竭的动力。’我们的‘小主人教育’要把培养学生的自主创能力 摆在更加突出的位置，以当代创造性学习代替传统的维持性学习，为学生的学习与发展提供 一种广泛、宽松而又有规范性的高水平教育，使学生达到爱学、会学、乐学的境界。进而体 现“愉快教育”的功能;把教师引向乐教境界，不断地在童心世界里创造。” Although do not have the full implementation of the education of the external conditions, but Li Jingguang never stop exploring, he will break the fetters, the new students to the more free development. He said: " now I think is the most primary school education to meet the challenge of the 21st century, the establishment of open independent creative education mode. Comrade Jiang Zemin pointed out: ' innovation is the soul of a nation, the prosperity of a country is an inexhaustible motive force. ' Our ' little master education to train students ' ability of independent innovation in a more prominent position, to contemporary creative learning instead of the traditional maintenance learning, provide a wide, loose and normative high level education for student learning and development, to enable students to love learning, learning, music science realm. The embodiment of " Happy Education" function; the teacher to teach realm, constantly creating in the heart world. " 李敬光考察了日本、英国的中小学教育后认为，物质进步并不一定就能促进社会发展，相反， 搞不好还会导致社会倒退，象环境污染、爱滋病这类问题就是例证。有人说“未来世纪是高 科技呼唤高情感的时代”。此话有一定道理。在走向新世纪、迎接新挑战的过程中。“小主人 教育腰充实新内容，拓展新领域。当前迫切需要加强对学生的伦理道德教育和优秀的民族传 统教育。避免再走一些发达国家的生活方式。李敬光说，在这方面，学校是从小学生膳食结 构不合理的现状人手的，已开始对家长和学生普及营养知识，养成科学的饮食习惯，并通过 开办学生营养午餐，解决学生中午就餐难、营养差的问题，使学生的身体素质得到提高。 Li Jingguang visited Japan, Britain's primary and secondary education after that, material progress does not necessarily promote social development, on the contrary, make not still will lead to social retrogression, like environmental pollution, the AIDS problem is an example. Some people say that " the next century is high-tech calls high emotional times ". There is some truth in this. In the face of entering the new century, new challenge. "Little master education waist to enrich the new content, expand new areas of. The urgent need to strengthen the moral education of students and traditional education. Some developed countries to avoid another way of life. Li Jingguang said, in this regard, the school is from the hands of students diet structure unreasonable, has started to popularize the nutritional knowledge of parents and students, develop a scientific diet, and by establishing the nutritional school lunch, lunch, students to solve poor nutrition problems, make the students' physical quality is improved. ://www.lwxxcl.com/ ://www.zbfalan.com/ “从小学做小主人，长大做社会主义事业接班人。”李敬光校长的不懈努力和探索是可贵的， 在全省乃到全国的影响已越来越大，它对于人们正确认识素质教育的内涵，?全面推进素质 教育的实施。无疑将起到重要的作用。 " Small owners from primary school, grow up to be the successors of socialism. " President Li Jingguang's unremitting efforts and exploration is valuable, in the province of the national influence has more and more big, it is for people to correctly understand the connotation of quality education, comprehensively promote the implementation of quality education?. Undoubtedly plays an important role in. ://www.lwxxcl.com/