按年分摊还本付息计算公式

新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第五单元课后LtDUnit5FourteenStepsTextComprehensionI．B.  II.1.F;  2.T;  3.F;  4.T;  5.F.III.1.thesecondhalfofhisfirstlife.2.thedaywhenhewasunabletoclimbthosesteps,andwastolieanddie.3.hischallengetocontinueliving,andmiseryhehadtoacceptandcopewithinordertoholdontohissanity,hiswife,hishomeandhisjob.4.Hefirstfeltabitsorryforthem,butthenfeltrelievedbythethoughtofpaying.5.theoldmanisblindbuthehelpedhiminthestorm;whilethewriterassumedthatadisabledmandeservedotherpeople’shelpbutneverhelpedothers.6.heshouldalwaysbereadytohelpothers.IV.1.asadmanwithlittlehopeforhisfuture,andeverythingdependedonhimtoclimbthese14steps.2.thewriterwasfilledwithgreatshameandhorrorandbecamespeechless.StructuralanalysisofthetextPart1:Paragraph1,2—1stlife;Part2:Paragraph3,4,5—2ndlife;Part3:Paragraph6,7,8,9—incidentandreflection;Part4:Paragraph10—newlife,i.e.3rdlife.SectionFourConsolidationActivitiesPartone.VocabularyI.1. aslowlyprogressivedisease=adiseasethat  graduallybecaemoreandmoreserious2.withtheaidof=withthehelpof 在……的帮助下3.peeringat=lookingverycarefullyandhardat 凝视4.areallset=areready 准备就绪，安排妥当5.indifferenceto=notcaringabout 对……漠不关心II.1.tilted;2.ledupto;3.holdonto;4.carefor;5.isinclinedto;6.makealiving;7.follow,example;8.toadegree.III. WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.Youalwaysfollowyourowninclination(incline)insteadofthinkingofourfeeling.2.Themenstoodinfrontofthebar,indifferent(indifference)totheargumentthatwasgoingonacrosstheroad.3.Thecompanyhashadasuccessfulfirstyearathomebutpenetration(penetrate)oftheinternationalmarkethasbeenslow.4.Wehadn’tseenherformanyyearsandwereveryshockedbyherfrailty(frail).5.Hedoesnotconsiderhisdeafnessanaffliction(afflict).6.Wewereallveryimpressedbytheexcellence(excellent)ofthedesign.7.Herfeverisgettingprogressively(progress)worse.Ithinkweshouldcalladoctor.8.Thehoneymoonperiodwassoonfollowedbytheusualdisillusionment(disillusion)withday-to-dayreality.1.inclinev. 使有……倾向，易于；爱好  inclinationn. 倾向，意愿  inclineda. 有……倾向的；倾斜的2.indifferencen. 不重视，无兴趣，漠不关心  indifferenta. 漠不关心的，冷淡的  indifferentlyad. 不在乎地，冷淡地，淡然地3.penetratev. 穿透，渗透；看穿  penetratinga. 敏锐的，锋利的；穿透的，透彻的  penetrationn. 渗透，侵入，突破4.fraila. 脆弱的，虚弱的  frailtyn. 脆弱，意志薄弱；弱点5.afflictv. 使苦恼，折磨  afflictionn. 痛苦，苦恼，苦难6.excellenta. 极好的，杰出的  excellencen. 优秀，卓越，优点  excellentlyad. 优秀地，超群地7.progressn. 进步，开展，前进  progressionn. 前进  progressivea. 前进的，渐进的8.disillusionn. 觉醒，幻灭  disillusionmentn. 幻灭感  disillusioneda. 大失所望的，梦想破灭的IV.1.A;  2.C;  3.B;  4.D;  5.B;  6.A;  7.D;  8.B.V.Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.AndImanagedtokeepmyhealthandoptimism,toadegree,becauseof14steps.Antonym:pessimism2.Notso.Herehobbledabitterlydisillusionedcripple,amanwhoheldontohissanityandhiswifeandhishomeandhisjobbecauseof14miserablestepsleadinguptothebackdoorfromhisgarage.Synonym:painfully,desperately3.Shewentintothehouseandamomentlatercameoutbundledinraincoatandhat,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.Antonym:cheerless,unhappy,gloomy4.Istartedtheengineandthumpedslowlyalong,keepingwelloverontheshoulderuntilIcametothedirtroad,whereIturnedin—thankfully.Synonym:fortunately5.Hewasanoldman,stoopedandfrail-lookingunderhisslicker.Synonym:weak,delicate,feeble6.AsIbecameolder,Ibecamemoredisillusionedandfrustrated.Synonym:disappointed7.IrealizedthatIwasfilledtooverflowingwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetotheneedsofothersandthoughtlessness.Antonym:selflessness,unselfishness8.Therefollowedalongintervalofnoises.Synonym:periodVI. CompoundingWriteineachspacethemeaningofeachgivenword.1.likewise                  inthesameway                    2.underway                inprogress                        3.carefree                  withnoconcern                     4.forthcoming                   comingsoon                       5.stand-by                 somethingreadyforuse               6.user-friendly           handytouse                       7.soundproof             preventingthepassageofsound        8.landlocked              almostorentirelysurroundedbyland    PartTwo.GrammarExercises1.NumeralsCardinal 基数numeralsexpressinteger 整数(whole)abstractnumbers,orthenumber/amountofthedeterminednounsinliteralform.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,cardinalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:1.adjectives2.nouns3.numeral“one〞canalsobeapronoun   Thedifferentwaystoexpress“around〞:around,about,nearly,some,moreorless,orso,thereabouts,etc.Ordinal 序数numeralsareusedtoexpressan/theorderinaseries.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,ordinalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:1.adjectives2.nouns3.adverbsOrdinalnumeralsallowbotharticlesahead.Again,thearticledeterminesthenounonly,notthenumeral.   Fractionalnumeralisusedtoexpresspartsofawhole.Commonly,ittakestwoforms:1.Common 普通分数/简分数fractionWorkaccordingtotheformula:Wholes+Numerator/Denominatore.g.12/3=(isequaltoormeans)one(whole)and/plustwothirdsNotethe“s〞addedtothedenominator:“thirds〞.2.Decimal 小数numbersWorkaccordingtotheformula:Wholenumbers(point)decimalse.g.12.15=(isequaltoormeans)twelvefifteen,ortwelvepointfifteen I．differentwaystoexpress“around〞.1.About100students;  2.moreorless40pages;  3.Thereare30orsoquestions;  4.twohoursorthereabouts;  5.somefourmiles;  6.50ish.II.1.anap合一会儿眼;  2.verygoodindeed百里挑一;  3.inamess乱七八糟;  4.onhandsandknees四脚爬;5.verymuchbetterthanyouare比你强十倍;  6.talkingquicklyandcontinuously;  7.veryprobably十有八九;  8.alotways千万条路子.III.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.1.Hewasnotdueattheofficeforanotherthree-quarter(attributive-adjective)(threequarters)ofanhour.2.was–were.3.ThisistheworstdisasterIcanrememberinmyplus25years(25yearsplus)asapoliceofficer.4.secondtime–asecondtime.5.see–haveseen.(presentperfect)6.Ittookhimoneandahalfhourstofinishthetask.7.Twenty-nine(beginning)2.Determiners(both,each,eitherorneither,some,any)Determinersareusedinfrontofnounstoindicatewhetheryouarereferringtosomethingspecificorsomethingofaparticulartype.Bothisusedtoindicatethattheactionorstatedenotedbytheverbappliesindividuallytoeachofthetwoentities.Whenbothisusedwithandtolinkparallelelementsinasentence,thewordsorphrasesthatfollowthemshouldcorrespondgrammatically.Bothcanonlycollocatewithpluralcountnouns.e.g.Bothherfingersarebroken.BothMaryandTomlikereadingEnglishnovels.Thephrasebeginningwitheachidentifiesasetofitemswhereinthewordsfollowingeachidentifytheindividualelementsbytheirsharedcharacteristics.Thephraseisgrammaticallysingularinnumber,soifthephraseisthesubjectofasentence,itsverbisconjugatedintoathird-personsingularform.Similarly,anypronounsthatrefertothenounphrasearesingular.e.g.Eachcandidatehas49votes.Eachvotermustdecideforherself.Eitherandneitherareusedinsentencesconcerningapossiblechoicebetweentwoitems.Eithercanmeanoneortheother(oftwo)oreachoftwo.e.g.I’vegotteaandcoffee,soyoucanhaveeither.(oneortheother)Theroomhasadoorateitherend.(both)Neithermeansnotthefirstoneandnotthesecondone.e.g.Neitherofthestudentswerelistening.Both,someandanyappearbeforenouns.Someandanymaybeusedwithcountableanduncountablenouns.e.g.Heboughtsomesandwichesforlunch.Hedidn’tseeanystarswhenhevisitedHollywood.Heatesomecheesewithhissandwiches.Heneverdrinksanycoffeeatnightbecausethenhecan’tsleep.IV.Both,both,Neither,either,neither.both,each,either.V.  Fillineachoftheblankswithsome,anyoroneoftheircompounds.1.somewhat2.Therepairswillcost____something____intheregionof$500.3.Iwasamazedthat____some_____400peoplecametothemeetingtodiscussthenewschemeforashoppingcenter.4.somehow,anything5.anything,something6.Georgeoughttobeabletotellwhetherthatoldplateisvaluable.Heis___something___ofanexpertonchina.7.Whathaveyoubeenupto?Ihaven’tseen___anything___ofyouforages.8.someVI.1.Inspiteof+noun--2.Itseemedtomethat+clause--PartThree.TranslationexercisesI.EnglishtoChinese1. 常言道猫有九命，我信这话。因为我已经活第三回了，尽管我并不是猫。2. 我只是一个一瘸一拐、梦想破灭的残疾人，一个凭着攀登车库和后门之间十四级令人痛苦的台阶而努力保持清醒的心智，伴随妻子、维持家庭和坚持工作的人。3. 其后的几秒钟一切都好似凝滞了，那一刻的羞耻和惊诧深深的穿透了我的肺腑，我感到了一种从未有过的难受。4. 我意识到自己极端自怜、自私，对别人的需要漠不关心，不为别人着想。II.Chinesetoenglish1. 这位电影演员比大多数人更愿意帮助残疾人，因为他自己十年前曾中过风。〔beinclinedto〕     Thisfilmactorismoreinclinedthanmostpeopletohelpthehandicappedbecausehehimselfsufferedastroketenyearsago.2.Theoldmanisafflictedwithrheumatism,buthestillgoesjoggingandmountain-climbingeveryday.3. 美国金融中的一些缺陷始终没有得到足够的重视，最终酿成了灾难性的后果。〔leadto〕SomeoftheflawsintheAmericanfinancialsystem,whichhadneverreceiveddueattention， eventuallyledtodisastrousconsequences.4.Heheldontohissharesofthatcompanywhenthepricesweredroppingsharplyladtyear.Noehehasmadeafortune.5. 赶快断了这个念头吧——这个想法太疯狂了，根本不值得考虑。〔dismiss〕Justdismisstheideafromyourmind—it’scrazyandnotworththinkingaboutatall.6.WewereallsettoleavefortheholidayinNewYorkwhenthe39/11incidentshookthewholeworld.7.IfyouthinkIhaveamagicformulatosolvetheproblem,youareboundtobedisillusioned.8.ThatJapanesecompanysucceededinpenetratingtheUSTVmarket.VI WritingPracticeParagraphdevelopment—AnalogyWritersveryoftenexplainsomethingthatisnewordifficultbycomparingittosomethingthatthereaderalreadyknowswell.Whensuchacomparisoniscarriedthroughindetail,wecallitananalogy.Creativeanalogiesarealwaysimpressiveandinspiring.Theyarousereaders’interestandmakethemwanttoreadmore.Someanalogiesmayappearstrangeandweirdatfirstsight,buttheycanopenourmindstoseeoursubjectinnewandinterestingways.Exercises:Writetwoparagraphsbasedonthefollowingtopicsentenceswiththeanalogystrategy.1.Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Ideasforreference:Theyneedthecareandinterventionofothers.Theyrelyontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.Sample:Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Babiescomeintotheworldwithnoteeth,theelderlyleavewithnoteethtoo.Themostobvioussimilaritybetweenelderlypeopleandbabiesisthattheyneedthecareandinterventionofothers.Theymaydependuponsomeoneforsomethingassimpleasmovingfromplacetoplace.Manyelderlypeopleandinfantscannotwalkwithoutassistance.Apersonweakwithagemaysitinawheelchairalldayandrequireotherstopushthem.Mostimportantly,theybothneedothers’extraattention.Theyarenotsosociallyactivesotheyrelymoreontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.Babiesandoldpeople,youhavetolovethem,theyarethemostlovablepeopleintheworld.…………Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Firstofall,elderlypeoplearephysicallyvulnerablejustlikebabies.Theyaresoeasilytakenillwhenevertheweatherchangesdrastically.Whenacoldwavestrikes,elderlypeopleareaslikelytocatchacoldasbabiesdoandtheymayalsohavebloodpressureproblemsorevendevelopothermoreseriousconditions.Second,manypeopleofadvancedagesseemtoreturntothestateofignorancetypicalofthenaïvechild.Thatiswhywehavecomeacrosssomanystoriesofcriminalfraudsthathavevictimizedretired,elderlypeople.Lastbutnotleast,elderlypeopleneedtheiradultchildren’sextraattentionjustasmuchasbabieswanttheirparents’loveandcare.Theyarenolongerassociallyactiveastheyusedtoby;theyrelyevermoreontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.However,inmanydomesticsituations,theyfeelleftout,andevendeliberatelyignored.Whentheyareinemotionaltrouble,theyarenotabletohandleiteffectivelyandskillfully.Theywanttheirchildren’scompanyasmuchastheirchildren’sbabies,butinmostcasestheyaretooproudtosayso.2.Findingtherightmajorislikefindingtherightpersontomarry.Ideasforreference:Theybothtaketwopartiestomakework.Lovereallycountswhenwedecideonthechoice.Theyarebothhardtofind.Sample:Findingtherightmajorislikefindingtherightpersontomarry.Amarriagetakestwopartiestomakeitwork.Likewise,asuccessfulcollegeeducationdependsontherelationshipbetweenthestudentandthemajorthattheychoose.Thebranchoflearningthatcansupposedlyprepareoneforthefinanciallymostrewardingjobisnotnecessarilythebestchoiceforaparticularperson.Similarly,themostintelligentstudentisveryoftennotamongtherightpeopletotakethemostcompetitivemajor.Justasinmarriage,lovereallycountswhenwedecideonthechoiceofmajor.Onlywhenwehaveapassionfortheparticularfieldofknowledgewillwebeabletocomeoutasexcellentstudentsandthenstartahighlyprofitableoremotionallyrewardingcareer.Findingtherightcollegemajorcanalsobeashardasfindingtherightpersontomarry.Asmuchasappearancescanbedeceptiveinrelationships,manyacademicsubjectscanlookappealingbutoftenturnouttobemostboring.Soitissensibleforacollegestudenttoopentheireyeswidewhentheyshoparoundfortherightmajorbeforetheymakeuptheirminds.