老年人保健养生知识

老年人保健养生知识 所话说“家有一老如有一宝”，可见中老年人在家里面的重要性。所以中老人养生保健常识也备受关注，就此分享一些中老人养生保健常识方面的知识。 衣 老年人体力衰退、机体抵抗能力变弱，体温调节功能降低，皮肤汗腺萎缩，冬怕冷、夏惧热。因此，老年人衣着服饰的选择，应以暖、轻、软、宽大、简单为原则。 穿衣时要特别注意身体重要部位的保温，上半身要注意背部和上臂的保暖，下半身要注意腹部、腰部和大腿的保暖。加一件棉背心，戴顶“老头帽”，对防止受凉有很大帮助。冬天的棉裤较重，易下坠，最好做成背带式。 老年人的衣服要求宽大、轻软、合体，穿起来感觉舒适，同时衣服样式要简单、穿脱方便，不要穿套头衣服，纽扣多的衣服也不宜多，宜穿对襟服装。 老年人的贴身衣服最好用棉布或棉织品，不宜穿化纤衣服。因为化纤内衣带静电、对皮肤有刺激作用，容易引起老年人皮肤瘙痒。但有些患风湿性关节炎的老年人则可以穿用氯纶制成的裤子，因为氯纶产生的静电，对治疗风湿性关节炎有一定的帮助。 双脚是血管分布的末梢，脚的皮下脂肪比较薄，大部分为致密纤维组织，保温作用较差。“寒从脚下生”就是这个道理。老年人由于field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 末梢血管循环较常人更差，也更容易脚冷。双脚受凉会反射性引起鼻黏膜血管收缩，引起感冒，有的老人还会出现胃痛、心率异常、腹泻、腿麻木等症状。因此，老年人要准备齐全不同季节穿的鞋袜。在冬季，最好穿保温、透气、防滑的棉鞋，穿防寒性能较优的棉袜和仿毛尼龙袜。其他季节，老年人宜穿轻便布鞋，老年妇女不要穿高跟鞋，以防崴伤。总之，老年人服装应以简单、舒适为主。 也许有人认为，老年人的养生保健不外乎吃喝、锻炼两方面，其实不然。医学科学的发展赋予了老年养生保健更新、更广、更科学的内容，只有用科学的知识来养生保健，才能达到益寿延年的目的。 食 合理膳食是基础 在现实生活中，关乎老年人健康长寿的因素很多，其中，“合理膳食”是基础。中国营养学会新近制定了中国居民健康饮食原则，就是:食物多样，谷类为主;多吃蔬菜、水果和薯类;常吃奶类、豆类或其制品;常吃适量鱼、禽、蛋、瘦肉，少吃肥肉和荤油;食量与体力活动要平衡，保持适宜体重;吃清淡少盐的膳食;饮酒应限量;吃清洁卫生、不变质的食物。 碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质三类热源营养素的比例:碳水化合物占70%、脂肪占20%、蛋白质占10%。 老年人体质较弱，总体机能下降，决定了他们所需的营养素与年轻时有所不同。针对老年人的体质特点，应注意以下情况。 一、食物宜粗细搭配。因老年人胃肠功能减弱，牙齿不好，尽量field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 选择易消化的食物，以保证其消化吸收。 二、营养成分宜合理，以提高机体代谢能力。充足的维生素和多种微量元素可使各种代谢酶的功能加强。特别是维生素E、C和胡萝卜素，有抗氧化作用，能消除有害的自由基，防止和减少细胞受损，推迟衰老。海带不仅含有大量的碘元素，还含有钙、磷、铁、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、矿物质和纤维素等人体不可缺少的营养成分。花生、芝麻、核桃是老年人补脑护脑的三大营养食品，可多食用。 三、牛奶、大豆及其制品，可以抑制细胞脂质的氧化，抵抗人体衰老，是餐桌上必备的食品。骨头汤还能缓解老年人的骨质疏松，预防筋骨挛痛和膝脊痛，防止人体老化。此外，老年人代谢机能降低，体力活动较少，以每餐八九分饱为度，七成饱为佳。 住 人每天1/3的时间是在床上度过的，清代著名养生大家曹庭栋的《老老恒言》中记载:“安其寝处。安之法，床为要。”意思就是床对人安居的重要性。尤其是老人，一张舒适的床直接影响到老人的生活质量甚至健康状况。 对于老人来说，一张舒适的床要具备以下几个要点: 1.老人床宽点好。对于老人来说床太窄会感觉不到放松，宽点的床更为舒服，翻身时不用缩手缩脚，活动没有太大限制。夏季更不会感到热气逼人。 2.老人床要低一点，不能太高，方便老人起卧。老人半夜常会起夜，床太高会让老人觉得吃力。如果本身床体很高，最好在床边设置 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between3 一个脚踏。 3.床垫别太软。老人随着年龄增长，脊椎退化，髓核脱水，脱水导致椎间盘失去正常的弹性和张力，往往容易出现腰椎间盘突出等病症，表现为腰痛、下肢麻木等。因此，老人床不能太软，太软的床垫会让身体深陷其中，加重腰椎的负担。床上可以根据天气的温凉，适当增减褥子。当然，软硬要适度，过硬也不合适，尤其是已经患有骨质疏松或者脊椎变形的老人。 4.必须要有一个床头板，可以防止湿气袭头。杉木板最为适宜，因为杉木质地松软，能收敛墙上的湿气。铁艺床头较为冰冷，布艺床头容易滋生细菌，都不适合老人。 5.老人床边最好有个床头柜，方便老人放置些常用的物品，如水杯、药品、纸巾等。 行 有氧运动不可少 生命在于运动。相信，每天早晨在公园、绿地，甚至大街上，或慢跑、或舞剑、或散步的老人，都怀着益寿延年的美好愿望，许多老寿星就在他们中间产生。 作为老年人，哪种运动最合适呢,是有氧运动。它的形式很多，如快走、慢跑、健身操、游泳、骑自行车、跳绳等。据测，在做有氧运动时，人体吸入的氧气是安静状态下的8倍。长期坚持有氧运动能增加体内血红蛋白的数量，提高机体抵抗力，抗衰老，增强大脑皮层的工作效率和心肺功能，增加脂肪消耗，防止动脉硬化，降低心脑血field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 管疾病的发生。 那么，究竟多大的运动量才算适宜呢,最简单的方法是测每分钟心跳的次数，以170减去你的年龄数，如果你是70岁，运动量应该是每分钟心速100次。 运动有益健康，但如果方法错了就会适得其反。在进行有氧运动时注意以下事项: 有心脏病、高血压病史等不适合慢跑疾病者，要经过医生的检查治疗，控制病情后在医生的指导下开始有氧运动。 循序渐进:根据自己的情况，慢慢加大运动量。特别是刚开始时，不要急于达到四五级，在前16周也不要强行达到每周30分钟的运动量。 不要过于劳累:运动量过大会造成过度疲劳，此时就应调整、休息，不然，就会加重身体的负担。 老有所乐宜提倡 老年人在身体许可的情况下，参加一些有益的社会活动，发展和培养一些兴趣，可以减缓大脑皮层细胞的萎缩。 人到老年后，多参加一些力所能及的活动，让自己的生活充实而有乐趣，这种自我价值得以实现的满足心态是精神健康极好的促进剂。如，一些歌唱家、画家，老年后仍能从事自己所喜爱的工作; 许多老年人退休前因工作繁忙，几乎没有自己的兴趣。退下来后，为驱除寂寞和惆怅，急于建立一些兴趣和爱好。需要注意的是，只有健康的活动才会促人长寿。听音乐、习书画、收藏、交友、垂钓、弹 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between5 琴、养鱼种花、下棋打牌等。著名科学家约里奥•居里是一个钓鱼研究者，澳大利亚总理弗雷泽也十分嗜好钓鱼。老年人形式多样的兴趣活动是一种积极的休息，也是一种健身防病的分散疗法。 心理健康作保障 有一老人丧偶，长期沉湎于悲痛之中，先觉得头痛，继而感觉心脏出了问题，再往后全身都不舒服了，医院里这科那科几乎所有科室都转遍，也没找到症结，最后，在精神卫生科被诊断为老年抑郁症。 “老年人在精神方面存在的隐忧应引起特别的重视。心理健康和生理健康有着密切的关系，如果心理不健康，会严重影响生活质量，最终必然损害躯体健康。所以要把学习心理保健知识、掌握心理保健手段、学会身心愉快地生活，作为每个老年人健康长寿、安度晚年的重要条件。 老年人如何做到年高而不老、寿高而不衰，让快乐的音符贯穿整个晚年生活呢,即“动”、“仁”、“智”、“乐”。“动”，就是多运动。运动不仅延缓衰老，生物学家研究证明，人的肌体“用进废退”，因此，老年人应加强身体的适度锻炼，循序渐进，持之以恒。“仁”，就是心地善良，待人宽厚。对他人不幸遭遇的同情与援助可以提高自身的免疫机制。 中老人养生保健常识 发要常梳 古人称栉发浴头，能明目祛风，可使落发重生，变硬变黑。 面要常擦 古人称浴面拭擦神庭，能祛除外感之邪气，使诸阳上升，field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 血气不衰，人老而面红润，皱纹减少。 目要常运 古称运睛，能去内障外翳，纠正近视、远视、老年花眼等。 耳要常弹 古人称鸣天鼓、掩耳弹枕等。能增强听觉神经功能，防治耳聋、耳鸣。 口要常漱 古称唾液为胎食，又称金浆玉液，是人身体内不可缺少之宝。唾液是消化液的一部分，有抗癌作用，要随时咽下，以提神被气养心，开胃健脾。 齿要常叩 民间谚语云:“清晨叩齿三十多，到老牙齿不会脱”。 浊要常呵 古人称为鼓呵，能消积，去胸膈满塞，排除浊气，吸收清气，加大肺活量。 胸要常扩 古人称扩气，认为经常扩气能保护心肺，使气机通畅。 腹要常揉 古人称揉脐腹，能增加胃肠运动、消积、顺气。 中老人养生生保健常识:腰要常活 古人认为活腰能强腰固肾。 谷道常提 古人认为提肛能提升阳气，排除浊气。 :肢节常摇 古人云:“常摇肢节百骸，关节日趋灵活”。 腿膝常压 俗语说:“人老先老腿”，经常压腿按揉膝盖，常点足三里，是中医防老延寿之法。 肌肤常摩 按摩，古人称为干沐浴，认为这种方法适用于全身各部肌肤，能使气血流畅，肌肤光滑、荣润。 足心常搓 古人认为，涌泉为人之海底，常搓涌泉，能固肾暖腰，使诸阳上升，浊气下降，提神健脑。 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between7 1、精神:宁静为本，保精养神 冬季主蛰伏闭藏，所以冬季养生的核心就是“伏藏”二字。为了保证人体阴阳精气之伏藏，就需要保持精神的安宁和情绪的稳定，以保护人体的精气和精神。冬季之时，寒风凛冽，万物凋零，易引起人的悲伤之感。所以，人们应该尽量避免各种不良情绪的干扰刺激，多到室外晒晒太阳和参加一些娱乐活动，使自己的心情始终处于淡泊宁静的状态，并做到含而不露，秘而不宣，让内心世界充满乐观和喜悦。 2、起居:早睡晚起，避寒保暖 《黄帝内经》称:“冬三月„„早卧晚起，必待日光”，意思是说在冬季应该早睡晚起，最好等到太阳出来以后再起床活动。在寒冷的冬季，应该保证充足的睡眠时间，早睡晚起有利于人体阳气的潜藏和阴精的积蓄，以达到“阴平阳秘，精神乃治”的健康状态。日常生活中要注意避寒保暖。冬季天气寒冷，室内温度要适宜，室温应以18?,25?较合适，切忌温度过高或过低。被褥的厚薄应根据室温的变化适当调整，以人体感觉温暖而不出汗为度。外出所穿的棉衣应以纯棉布为宜，要松软轻便、贴身保暖。特别要注意背部的保暖，因为背部是人体的阳中之阳，风寒等邪气极易通过背部侵入而引发疾病。每晚坚持用热水洗脚可促进全身血液循环，能增强机体防御能力、改善睡眠和消除疲劳。 冬季还应该注意保持室内的空气新鲜。严寒的冬季，有些人因怕冷而紧闭门窗，使得室内的空气不能及时地流通而污浊不堪，影响健field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between 康。所以，冬季在调节室内温度的同时，还应注意室内空气流通和湿度调节，特别是在天气晴朗时要及时开窗通风，以保持空气新鲜。 3、饮食:多温少寒，补肾助阳 传统养生学将我们日常食用的食物分为寒凉、温热、平性3大类。冬季气候寒冷，为了御寒保暖，人们应该多食用一些具有温热性质的食物，而少食用寒凉生冷食物。温热性质的食物包括糯米、高粱米、栗子、大枣、核桃仁、韭菜、小茴香、香菜、南瓜、生姜、葱、大蒜、桂圆、荔枝、木瓜、石榴、乌梅、鳝鱼、鳙鱼、鲢鱼、鳟鱼、虾、海参、鸡肉、羊肉、狗肉、肉桂、辣椒、花椒等。此外，还要特别注意选择具有补肾助阳作用的饮食，以增强机体的御寒能力。 4、运动:适度锻炼，持之以恒 俗话说:“冬天动一动，少生一场病;冬天懒一懒，多喝药一碗。”说明冬季锻炼身体的重要性。寒冬季节，坚持室外锻炼，能提高大脑皮层的兴奋性，增强中枢神经系统体温调节功能，使身体与寒冷的气候环境取得平衡，适应寒冷的刺激，有效地改善肌体抗寒能力。有研究资料表明，长期坚持冬季锻炼的人，耐寒力强，不易患感冒、支气管炎、肺炎、冻疮等病，还能够预防老年人常见的骨质疏松症。 5、药物:适当服用一些增强抵抗力的保健产品 现代医学也认为，人体在冬季时受到寒冷天气的影响，甲状腺、肾上腺等内分泌腺的分泌功能增强，以促进机体产生热量抵御寒冷，应适量增强高热量食物的摄入，并适量增加蛋白质、脂肪及维生素和矿物质的供给。 field is downwind, brooding House separate from the breeding shed, and ... Building chicken farms must also consider the construction of chicken manure treatment facilities such as septic tanks, methane-generating pit, do not let the chicken manure directly. Five to do a disease prevention and control, do not cut corners. Built into the chicken in chicken farm, will be required to do a variety of vaccine injections and disinfection in chicken farm, do not hold the chance, and do scientific farming. Reasonable problems in building a chicken coop hen house layout, can provide a good environment for chicken, making its full productive potential, so other than in understanding the physiological characteristics of the chicken itself, and must be properly planned and constructed sheds. A chicken layout considerations 1. Sites to choose away from populated areas, traffic convenient, away from the road 2. Gaozao terrain, a lot of sunshine. Winter sun as possible, summer wind, and not after the rain water. Larger, leaving room for development 3. Abundant water resources pollution-free, easy to access, sufficient power is guaranteed 4. Building structure, the economy, saving money, and saving energy, it is facing in accordance with local environmental and physiological condition, lighting is good, easy to ventilation, easy to operate, so conducive to cooling in the summer, to insulation in winter cold 5. Layout of premises should be reasonable, do distinguish between9