[优质文档]七十年代生的人可温习的中级英语

[优质文档]七十年代生的人可温习的中级英语 第一册 lesson 6 DRILLS A This is a book. That's a bag. This is a pen. That's a pencil. This is a desk. That's a chair. B What's this? It's a cake. What's that? It's an egg. What's this? It's an apple. What's that? It's an orange. Lesson 7 DRILLS A What's this? Its a bus. It's a red bus. What's that? It's a car. It's a blue car. B Is this a jeep? Yes, it is. Is it green? Yes, it is. Is that a bike? Yes, it is. Is it black? Yes, it is. C Is this a ship? Yes, it is. What colour is it? It's yellow. Is that a plane? Yes, it is. What colour is it?It's white. DIALOGUE A: What colour is this apple? B: It's red. A: What colour is that banana? B: It's yellow. A: What colour is an orange? B: Why, it's orange. An orange is orange. Lesson 8 DRILLS .A This is my cup. It isn't your cup. My cup is white. Your cup is yellow. That isn't his bike. It's her bike. His bike is black. Her bike is green. B Is this your desk? Yes, it is. Is that your chair? No, it isn't. It's his chair. Is this your rubber? Yes, it is. Is that your ruler? No, it isn't. It's her ruler. DIALOGUE Tom: Kate! Kate: Yes? Tom: Is this your knife? Kate: No, it isn't. * * * Kate: Tom! Is this your pencil-box? Tom: Yes, it is. Thank you. Kate: That's all right. Lesson 9 A one ship two ships three cakes four coats five beds six bees seven bananas eight oranges nine buses ten boxes B These are apples. Those aren't apples. They're oranges. The apples are here. The oranges are there. These are desks. Those aren't desks. They are tables. The desks are here. The tables are there. DIALOGUE A: look, what's this? B: It's a ship. A: No, it's a sheep. These are all heep. They're white sheep. What are those? B: Why, they're sheep, too. They're black sheep. A: No, they aren't sheep. They're goats. Lesson 10 DRILLS A What are these? They're pigs. They're fat. What are those? Ther're goats. They're thin. B Are these horse white? Yes, they are. Are those cows white, too? No, they aren't. They're black and white.C Are those chicks? No, they aren't Are they cocks? No, they aren't. What are they, then? They're hens. They're big, fat hens. DIALOGUE Kate: What's in that box, Mum? Mum: Shoes. New shoes for you. Kate: New shoes for me! What colour are they? Mum: Guess? Kate: Are they white? Mum: No, they aren't. Kate: Are they red? Mum: No. Kate: Are they green, then? Mum: No. Look, they're blue. Kate: How nice! Thank you, Mum. Lesson 11 DRILLS A This is Kate and this is Joan. Kate's hair is long. Joan's hair is short. This is Mike and this is Tom. Tom's trousers are new. Mike's trousers are old. B Is Kate's hair long or short? It's long. Are Tom's trousers old or new? They're new. C Whose room is this? It's our room. It's small. Whose books are those? They're their books. They're new. DIALOGUE Kate: Hello, Joan. Joan: Hello, Kate.Kate: Joan, this is Mike. He's a new student. Joan: Hello, Mike. Mike: Hello, Joan. Mike: Whose seat is this? Kate: It's Joan's. Yours is over there. Lesson 13 DRILLS A Li Ping is a boy. He's a Chinese boy. He's twelve. He's tall. He's a student. Li Ying is a girl. She's Li Ping's sister. She's five. She's short. She isn't a student. B Who's this man? He's li Ping's father. Is he a teacher? Yes, he is. Who's this woman? She's Li ping's mother. Is she a teacher, too? No, she isn't. She's a worker. C These two boys are Jack and Mike. They aren't Chinese. They're English. They're brothers. Who are thse girls? They're Joan and Kate. Are they English? Yes, they are. Are they sisters? No, they aren't. They're friends. DIALOGUE A: Look at this picture, Li Ping. B: Oh, it's an old picture. Who's this man? A: He's my father. B: Oh, your father? A: Yes, he's a teacher. And this is my mother. B: Is she a teacher, too? A: No. She's a worker. B: Who's this baby? A: Guess! B: Is it your brother? A: No. B: Your sister? A: No. B: Then it's you! Ha ha! A: It's me. Lesson 14 DRILLS A I'm a boy. You're a girl. She's a girl. You're girls. I'm a student. You're students. We're all students. B What's your name? My name is Li Ping. How old are you? I'm twelve. Are you a middle-school student? Yes, I am. Are you in Grade Two? No, I'm not. I'm in Grade One. C Are you middle-school students? Yes, we are. Are you in Grade Three? No, we aren't. We're in Gade One. Are you Young Pioneers? Yes, we are. D Is your father a doctor? Yes, he is. Is your mother a doctor, too? No, she isn't. She's an english teacher. What's your sister? She's a nurse. TEXT My Family I am an English boy. My name is Mike. I am twelve. My sister's name is Rose. She is fourteen. Rose and I are students. We like school. My father is a teacher. He is a teacher of English. My mother is a nurse. They work hard. My little brother's name is Jack. He is only four. We all like Jack. Lesson 15 DRILLS A Kate is in the room. She's near the window. Her bag is on the desk. Her books are in her bag. Her pencils are in her pencil-box. B Where's Kate? She's near the window. Where's her bag? It's on the desk. Where are her books? They're in the bag. Where are her pencils? They're in the pencil-box. C What's on the table? There's a glass on it. What's under the table? There are two balls under it. What's on the chair? There's a bag on it. What's in the bag? There are some bananas in it. DIALOGUE Mike: Where's my cap, Mum? Mum: Is it in your room? Mike: No, it isn't. Mum: Is it on the desk? Mike: No, it isn't. Mum: Why, Mike, it's right on tour head! * * * Grandma: Where are my glasses, Mike? Mike: Are they on the table? Grandma: No, they aren't. Mike: Are they in your bag? Grandma: No, they aren't. Mike: Why, Grandma, they're right on your nose! Lesson 16 DRILLS A There's a house in the picture. There's a dog in front of the house. There are some trees near the house. There are some sheep behind the house. B Is there a big tree behind the house? Yes, there is. Is there a horse near the tree? No, there isn't. What's under it, then? A cow. C Are there any flowers in front of the house? Yes, there are. Are there any cows behind.the house? No, there aren't any. What's behind it, then? Some sheep. TEXT Our Classroom This is our classroom. It is a nice big room. The windows are big and the walls are white. There is a blackboard on the front wall. On the back wall there is a map. It is a map of China. In front of the blackboard there is a big desk. It is for the teacher. There are forty small desks and chairs in the room. They are for us students. What is on the teacher’s desk? There are some flowers. They are for our teacher. We like her. She is a good teacher. Lesson 18 DRILLS A How many minutes are there in an hour? There are sixty minutes in an hour. How many hours are there in a day? There are twenty-four hours in a day. B How many days are here in a week? There are seven days in a week. How many days are there in a month? There are thirty or thirty-one days in a month. C How many months are there in a year? There are twelve months in a year. How many days are there in a year? There are three hundred and sixty-five days in a year. DIALOGUE A:How many people are there in your family, Wang Lin? B: There are five, my grandpa, my father, my mother, my sister and I. A: Is your grandpa a worker? B: Oh, no. He's old. He's seventy. A: What's your father? B: He's a maths teacher in the No. 19 Middle School. A: Are there many students in his class? B: Yes. There are forty-six. A: Is your mother a teacher, too? B: No. She's a doctor. A: And your sister? B: She's a driver, a bus-driver. A: How old is she? B: She's twenty-three. Lesson 19 DRILLS Come here, please. Come to the blackboard. Go there, please. Go to your seat. Please open the window. Please close the door. Let's read. Let's write. Let's go to school. Let's go home. DIALOGUE An English Class Li: Stand up ,please. Teacher: Good morning, boys and girls. Students: Good morning, teacher! Teacher: Sit down, please. Are all the students here, Li Ping? Li: Yes. Teacher: Oh, Wei Fang. How are you today? Wei: I'm all right, thank you. Teacher: That's good. Wang Lin, what day is today? Wang: Today is Monday. Teacher: How many days are there in this month? Wang: There are thirty-one. Teacher: That's right. Come to the blackboard, Liu Ying. Write "Monday" and "month" on it. Teacher: Good. Now, go to your seat. Boys and girls, open your books and turn to page 89. Let's read Lesson 18. Lesson 20 DRILLS A What time is it? It's six thirty. Let's get up. We get up at six in the morning. What time is it? It's seven fifteen. Let's go to school. We go to school at seven fifteen. B What time is it? It's three fifty. Let's go and play basketball. We have sports at three fifty in the afternoon. What time is it? It's five. Let's go home. We go home at five. C What time is it? It's seven thirty. Let's do our homework. We do our homework at seven thirty in the evening.. What time is it? It's nine. Let's go to bed. We go to bed at nine. TEXT My Class I am a middle school student. My name is Wei Fang. I study at Yu Ying Middle Scholl. I am in class 3, Grade 1. There are twenty boys and twenty-three girls in my class. I come to school at seven thirty. Classes begin at eight. We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. At three fifty we have sports. We study Chinese, maths, English and other lessons. We like maths. We like English, too. Some of us are good at it. We work hard. We study for the people. 第二册 Lesson 3 DRILLS A What's in the room? There's a table. Are there any bowls on the table? Yes, there are. And there are some plates, too. B What's on the two plates? There's some fish on one plate. There's some bread on the other. What's in the bowls? There's some meat in this one. There isn't any meat in that one. There's some rice in it. C What's in those glasses? There's some water in them. Please pass me a glass of water. Here you are. What's in these cups? There's some tea in them. Please give him a cup of tea. All right. D Are there any cups on the table? Yes, there are. Is there any tea in that blue cup? Yes, there is. Is there any tea in that green one? No, there isn't. There's some milk in it. DIALOGUE SUPPER IS READY Mum: Lingling! Ling: Yes, Mum? Mum: Supper is ready. Ling: All right. Dad: Hurry! Ling: I'm coming. Hello, Dad. Hello, Mum. Mum: Sit down, Lingling. Here's your rice. Ling: Thanks. Oh, there's fish and chicken! Meat too! And eggs! Why so much, Mum? Mum: It's your daddy's birthday. Ling: Oh! Happy birthday, Dad! Dad: Thank you, Lingling. Help youself to some fish. Ling: Thank you. Lesson 4 DRILLS A We have a TV set. Have you a TV set? No, we haven't. We have a radio. B Tom has a story-book. Has Jack a story-book, too? No, he hasn't. He has some picture-books. How many picture-books has he? He has four. C Have you any ink? Yes, I have some. Give me some ink, please. Here you are. Thank you. D Has Mary any paper? No, she hasn't. Pass her a piece of paper. All right. TEXT WHAT IS IT? I have a good friend. It has a round face. On its face, it has three hands. One is short, the other two are long. It has no arms, but its hands turn round and round. It has no feet or legs, but it can go all day and all night. It has no eyes and no ears. It has no mouth, but it can talk. In the morning it can wake me up and tell me, "It's time to get up." What is it? (A CLOCK) Lesson 6 DRILLS A Is this new shirt mine? No. It's your father's. Oh, it's his. Is that one mine? Yes, that's yours. B Whose jacket is this? It's Kate's. Oh, it's hers. Which one is yours? The white one. C Is this room yours? No, it's Mike and John's. Oh, it's theirs. Which one is yours? The next one is ours. D Are these cups yours? Only some of them. Which ones are yours? The blue ones are ours. DIALOGUE TWO YOUNG PIONEERS Liu: Look, Zhang Ling. What's that? It's a watch, isn't it? Zhang: Yes. What a nice watch! Liu: It's quite new! Zhang: Look, there is a man over there. Perhaps it's his. Liu: Let's go and ask him. Zhang: All right. Liu: Excuse me,comrade. Is this watch yours? Man: No, it's not mine. (They see a woman nearby.) Liu: Excuse me, is this watch yours? Woman: No, it isn't. Zhang: Lts' go and give it to the policeman. Liu: OK. (They go to a policeman nearby.) Zhang: Excuse me. Policeman: Yes? Can I help you? Liu: Here's a watch. We can't find the owner. Can you find him and give it to him? Policeman: Certainly. Thank you. You're good Young Pioneers. Lesson 7 DRILLS A I'm talking. You aren't talking. You're listening to me. We're reading now. Tom and Mike aren't reading. They're doing exercises. Rose is writing. Jack isn't writing. He's looking out of the window. B Close the door please, Alice. What are you doing, Alice? I'm closing the door. Open the window please, Alice. What's she doing, Peter. She's opening the window. Read the text please, joan and Rose. What are they doing? They're reading the text. Write down the new words, please. What are you doing? We're writing down the new words. TEXT ON A BUS It is Sunday today. Wang Lin and Li Ping are going to the zoo. They are waiting for a bus. A red bus is stopping at the bus stop.Wang Lin and Li Ping are getting on the bus. "Here's a seat for you, Wang Lin." "No, thank you. There's another seat. I can sit over there." The bus is coming to the next stop. Now, an old woman is getting on the bus. Wang Lin and Li Ping both stand up. Li Ping is saying: "Here's a seat for you, Granny. Please sit here". Wang Lin is also saying: "Please come here and have my seat, Granny." "Mine is near the door. So take this seat, please, Granny." "Thank you very much. It's very nice of you." Lesson 8 DRILLS A Are you cleaning your classroom? Yes, we are. Are they cleaning their classroom? No, they aren't. They're cleaning the dining-room. B Is Zhang Hong carrying water? Yes, he is. Is Liu Ying cleaning the window? No, she isn't. She's cleaning the door. C Who's taking down the old pictures? Our teacher is. Who's putting up the new ones? Our monitor is. D Who's sweeping the floor? Some of the boys are. Who's cleaning the desks and chairs? Some of the grrls are. TEXT PLANTING TREES It is March now. Spring is here. It is time to plant trees. Look! There is a little child in front of the house. What is she doing? She is watering some flowers. Who are the man and the woman beside the house? They are the girl's parents. What are they doing? They are planting trees. Look at the children near the river. They are Young Pioneers. Are they playing or working? They are working. They are planting apple trees. Some are digging, some are planting. Some are carrying water, others are watering the trees. All of the children are busy. On the hill there are also a lot of people. What are they doing? They are planting trees, too. Look at all the young trees on the hill. How hard all these people are working! They are helping to make our country beautiful. Lesson 10 DRILLS A What's the girl doing? She's reading in bed. What's her mother saying to her? She's saying: "Don't read in bed." B What's the boy doing? He's drawing a plane on the wall. What's his sister saying to him? She's saying: "Don't draw on the wall." Where are the children walking? They're walking in the tomato field. What's the old peasant saying to him? He's saying: "Don't walk in the tomato field." D Where are the boys playing? They're playing in the street. What's the policeman saying to them? He's saying: "Dn't play in the street." TEXT IN A PARK It is Saturday morning. The sun is shining. A lot of boys and girls are playing in the park. They are having a good time. Some are singsing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake. Others are climbing the hill. What are Mary and Betty doing? Betty: Mary, let's sit here and read this picture-book. Mary: All right. What an interesting book! Betty: Yes. Look at this picture. There are all kinds of birds in it. Aren't they beautiful? Mike: Hey, you two! Don't read in the sun. It's too bright. It's bad for your eyes. Betty: You're right. Thank you, Mike. Mary: Then let's go and sit under the tree. Betty: OK. Kate: excuse me. Where's Joan? Mary: Look, there she is. She's climbing the hill with Rose. Lesson 11 DRILLS A I'm doing my homework now. I do my homework wvery day. They're playing football now. They play football every Tuesday. Sometimes they play on Friday. B You speak Russian. I don't speak Russian. I speak Chinese. They know some Russian. We don't know Russian. We know some English. C Are you writing to your friends? Yes, I am. Do you often write to them? Yes, I do. Do your friends often write to you? Yes, they do. D Do you swim every day? No, I don't. I only swim on Thursday. Do you play basketball every day? No, we don't. We only play on Wednesday. Do they watch TV every evening? No, they don't. They only watch TV on Saturday evening. TEXT A LETTER May 2nd, 1983 Dear friend, I am an American schoolgirl. My name is Alice Green. I am thirteen. I have two brothers. One is Jack, the other is Peter. My brothers and I are all at school. We go to school from Monday to Friday. We have no lessons on Saturday. My parents are both teachers. They often tell me about your country. They say China is a large and beautiful country. I like drawing and reading. Now I am reading a book of Chinese stories. They are very interesting. My brothers like playing football. We all like watchmg TV. Do you often watch TV? Let us be friends. Pleaae write soon. Yours, Alice Green Lesson 12 DRILLS A Li Ping gets up at half past six. His sister gets up at seven o'clock. His mother goes to work at seven. His father goes to work at ten past seven. B Tom sings well. Kate doesn't sing well, but she dances well.. Alice likes drawing. Peter doesn't like drawing. He likes making model planes. C Does Li Ping's mother have breakfast at home? Yes, she does. Does she have lunch at home? No, she doesn't. She has it at the factory. Does his father have lunch at home? Yes, he does. TEXT THE COCK AND THE FOX It is evening. An old cock is sitting in a tall tree. A fox comes to the tree and looks up at the cock "Hello, Mr Cock, I have some good news for you." Says the fox. "Oh?" says the cock. "What is it?" "All the animals are good friends now. Let's be friends, too. Please come down and play with me." "Fine!" says the cock. "I'm very glad to hear that. " Then he looks up. "Look! There is something over there." "What are you looking at?" asks the fox. "Oh, I see some animals over there. They are coming this way." "Animals? " "Yes. Oh, they're dogs. " "What? Dogs?" asks the fox. "Well, ... well, I must go now. Good-bye." "Wait, Mr Fox," says the cock. "Don't go. They are only dogs. And dogs are our friends now. " "Yes. But they don't know that yet. " "I see, I see." says the cock. He smiles and goes to sleep high up in the tree. LESSON 13 DRILLS A What do you do on Sunday? I usually do some cleaning. What does you brother do? He plays football with his friends. B When do you go to school? I usually go to school at seven. When does your father go to work? He goes to work at half past six. When does your mother go to work? She usually goes to work at twenty to eight. C Where do you live? I live in Beijing. Where does your grandpa live? He lives in Shanghai. TEXT A PRESENT Today is June 4. It is Betty's birthday. She comes home and sees a card on the table. It says: " There's a present for you, Betty. Go and look for it in your room." Betty runs to her room. Her parents are watching her. They are smiling. On her bed she sees a new red box. She thinks: "What's in the box?" She opens it. There is nothing but a card in it! Betty takes it out and reads: "Dear Betty, I'm your present. My first letter is in the word 'book', but not in 'look'. My second letter is in 'ink', but not in 'thank'. You can find my third letter in both 'ink' and 'book'. And my last letter is in 'sheep', but not in 'ship'. What am I?" Betty thinks hard. B-I-K-E. She smiles and says to her mother: "Aha, I know. But where is it, Mum?" Her mother says: "Look at the back of the card." Betty turns it over and reads: "Come and look for me in the garden." Betty hurries to the garden. There under a big tree she finds her present - a nice new bike. "Happy birthday, Betty!" her parents say. "Thank you, Mum and Dad!" Lesson 14 DRILLS A Rose is young. Mary is younger. Betty is the youngest. A sheep is heavy. A horse is heavier. An elephant is the heaviest. Mary's handwriting is good. Betty's handwriting is better. John's handwriting is the best. B Which is bigger, the moon or the earth? The earth is bigger. Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? The sun is the biggest. Which is the smallest? The moon, of course. Who's younger, Mary or Rose? Mary is younger. Who's the toungest, Rose, Mary or Betty? Betty is the youngest. Who's the oldest? Rose, of course. TEXT THE SEASONS There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring is the best season of the year. The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer. The crops begin to grow. The trees turn green and the flowers come out. Summer comes after spring. It is the warmest season. It often rains and the crops grow fast. The best sport in summer is swimming. Children often go swimming in rivers and lakes. Autumn is a busy season. The days get shorter and nights longer. It is harvest time. The peasants are busy. They are getting in the crops. Winter is the coldest season of the year. Sometimes it snows and the fields are all white. Skating is the best sport in winter. Many boys and girls often go skating. But the peasant are still busy. They are getting ready for the next year. LESSON 16 DRILLS A Tom is taller than Mike. Mike is taller than John. Who's the tallest? Tom is the tallest. My skirt is longer than yours. Betty's skirt is longer than mine. Whose skirt is the longest? Hers is the longest. B Rose works hard. Joan works harder. Mary works the hardest. Tom draws well. John draws better. Mike draws the best. C A truck goes faster than a bike. A car goes faster than a truck. Which goes the fastest? A car goes the fastest. Mike goes to school earlier than Kate. Mary comes to school earlier than Mike. Who comes to school the earliest?Mary comes to school the earliest. D Who dances the best in your class? Kate does. Who runs the fastest in your class? John does. Who works the hardest in your class? Mary does. DIALOGUE WHO IS FASTER? T - Tortoise H - Hare T: Hello, Mr Hare! H: Oh, it's you, Mr Tortoise. What are you doing? T: I'm running. H: Running? Ha ha! You can't run. Your legs are too short! T: Of course I can. H: My legs are longer than yours. I'm sure I can run faster than you. T: Don't be so sure. H: Well then, let's run to the tall tree over there. Let's see who gets there first. T: All right. H: Ready? Go! (Mr Tortoise goes very slowly. Mr Hare runs much faster. In a minute he cmoes to a small tree.) H: Where's Mr Tortoise? Aha! There he is. He's far behind me. How slow he is! I'm much faster. Mmm, it's hot! Ahh, here's a tree. Let me have a rest under it. It's so nice and cool. (Soon he is asleep.) (Mr Tortoise comes up. He looks at Mr Hare and goes on.) H(waking up) : Ah, what a good sleep! Now, where's Mr Tortoise? Where is he? I don't see him. (Runs to the tall tree.) T(sitting under the tall tree): Why, hello, Mr Hare! How are you? You're very fast, aren't you? H: Yes, but ... T: But, I'm here first. Now who is faster, you or me? H: Oh! ... 第三册 Lesson 1 Drills: 1. I'm (not) going to see a film this afternoon. 2. Are you going to have geography this year? 3. What's Jane going to do this evening? Text: The New School Year Grammar: Be going to Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 2 Drills: 1. When are you going to do your homework? 2. Where are they going to have the match? 3. Who's going to give the talk? Dialogue: What Are You Going to Do Tomorrow? Grammars: Members of the Sentence(I) Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 3 Drills: 1. Can you skate? Yes, I can. 9No, I can't.) 2. I can't be here so early. 3. May I use your pen? 4. Must I clean the room now? Yes, you must. (No, you needn't.) Dialogue: At the Library Grammar: Kinds of Verbs Pronunciation and Intonation A Rhyme: My Book Lesson 4 Drills: 1. He was(They were) here a moment ago. 2. Was your father at home last night? Yes, he was. (No, he wasn't.) 3. Were they busy yesterday evening? Yes, they were. (No, they weren't.) 4. When(Where) were you been? Dialogue: A Telephone Call Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 5 Drills: 1. I got up at six this morning. I didn't get up so early. 2. Did your father go to work early yesterday? Yes, he did. (No, he didn't.) 3. What did you do after school? Text: The Artist Grammar: The Past Indefinite Tense Pronunciation and Intonation A Rhyme: Do Your Best Lesson 6 Drills: 1. What day was yesterday? What was te date? 2. How many classes did you have yesterday afternoon? 3. Who did she go with? 4. What time did they get to the zoo last Monday? How long did they stay there? Text: "The Moving Blackboard" Grammars: Members of the Sentence(II) Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 7 Text: A Page from a Student's Diary Lesson 8 (Revision) Lesson 9 Drills: 1. Which picture is more beautiful? 2. Which lesson is the most difficult in Book Two? 3. Tom writes more carefully than Peter. He writes the most carefully in our class. 4. Joan is as tall as Kate. Dialogue: The Moon Grammar: The Comparative and Superlative Gegrees of Adjectives and Adverbs(II) Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 10 Drills: 1. It was cold yesterday, wasn't it? Yes, it was. 2. You were tired after the sports meet, weren't you? Yes, I was. 3. You went home late yesterday, didn't you? Yes, I did. (No, I didn't.) Text: A Way Out Pronunciation and Intonation A Rhyme: Friendship Lesson 11 Drills: 1. I'll wash the clothes after lunch. 2. Will you be here this afternoon? Dialogue: Shopping Grammar: The Future Indefinite Tense Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 12 Drills: 1. I(He, She, They) can work it out myself(himself, herself, themselves). 2. Can you repair it yourself? 3. We teach ourselves. Text: Two Friends and a Bear Grammar: The Reflexive Pronouns Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 13 Drills: 1. I want to have a word with him. 2. Please ask her to call me tomorrow. 3. Can you come to see the film with me now? Text: Lenin and the Guard Grammar: The Infinitive(I) Pronunciation and Intonation Lesson 14 Text: The Story of Little Gauss Lesson 15 (Revision) Vocabulary Irregular Verbs Supplementary Readings: 1. What Am I? 2. The Tiger and the Monkey 3. A Surprise for Abe(I) 4. A Surprise for Abe(II) 1、THE NEW SCHOOL YEAR It's September, and we're back at school. It's good to see all my teachers and friends again. They all look fine. We're in Grade Two this year. We're going to have a new subject - physics. I hear physics isn't easy. I'm going to work hard at it. I'm not very good at maths, but Wei Fang says she's going to help me. I think I can do better than last year. I like English very much. I always work hard at it. This year I'm going to do more speaking. Zhang Hong likes English too, but he needs help. I'm going to help him. This term I'm going to work for the wall-newspaper. My classmates say I draw well, and my handwriting is good. It's interesting work, and I like it. I'm going to do my best this year. 2、WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO TOMORROW, Zhang Hong: It's Sunday tomorrow, you know. What are you going to do? Wang Lin: I'm going to watch a volleyball match in the Capital Stadium. It's between a Japanese team and a Chinese team. Zhang Hong: That's great. What time is it going to be? Wang Lin: At four o'clock in the afternoon. I have two tickets here. I can let you have one. You want to go, don't you? Zhang Hong: Of course I do, but I can't. We're going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon. Wang Lin: I see. Who are you going to play? Zhang Hong: A team from the No. 7 Middle School. Wang Lin: Where are you going to have the match? Zhang Hong: At the Children's Palace. By the way, where's Li Ping, do you know? Wang Lin: He's at home. Why? Zhang Hong: He's got my bat. I muat get it back from him. Wang Lin: His home isn't far from here. I think you can find him at home. Zhang Hong: Right.I'd better go and look for him now. See you later. Wang Lin: See you later. 3、AT THE LIBRARY It's four o'clock in the afternoon. Liu Ying is at the library. She's going to borrow some books. She's speaking to the assistant. Liu Ying: Good afternoon! Assistant:Good afternoon! Can I help you? Liu Ying: Do you have From Earth to Moon? Assistant: Let me see... Ah, here it is. Liu Ying: Thank you. How long may I keep it? Assistant: Two weeks. Liu Ying: Can I keep it a little longer? Assistant: Yes, you can. But you must come and renew it if you can't finish it in time. Liu Ying: Must I bring the book back for that? Assistant: Yes, you must. And you mustn't lend it to others. vLiu Ying: All right, I won't. May I look at some of the new books? Assistant: Certainly. They're over there. 4、A TELEPHONE CALL Mrs Black: Hello! Mary: Hello! May I speak to John? Mrs Black: Sorry, John isn't in. Mary: Is that Mrs Black speaking? Mrs Black: Yes. Who's that? Mary: This is Mary, Mrs Black. I called at four thirty this afternoon, but nobody was in. Mrs Black: Oh, we were all out. John wasn't back home hten. Mr Black and I were at the cinema. Can I take a message for John? Mary: Yes, please. John asked me to help him with his lessons this evening. I'm afraid I can't do that today. Mother is ill. I have to look after her at home. Mrs Black: I'm sorry to hear that. Just stay at home and take good care of your mother. Don't worry about John. You can help him later, can't you? Mary: Yes. Please tell John about it. Mrs Black: OK. Mary: Thanks a lot. Bye-bye. Mrs Black: Goodbye. 5、THE ARTIST Long, long ago there lived a king. He loved horses. One day he asked an artist to draw him a beautiful horse. The artist said, "All right, but you must wait." So the king waited. He waited and waited. At last, after a year he could not wait any longer. He went to see the artist himself. Quickly the artist brought out paper and a brush. In five minutes he finished drawing a very beautiful horse. The king was angry. "You can draw a good horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year. Why?" "Come with me, please." said the artist. They went to the artist's workroom. There the king saw piles and piles of paper. On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse. "It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes." the artist said. 6、"THE MOVING BLACKBOARD" More than one hundred years ago there was a great French scientist with the name Ampère. One day, Mr Ampère went out for a walk in the street. There were a lot of people and much noise there. But all this was nothing to him. He was thinking of a maths problem. He had no paper with him. How could he work it out? Just then, he saw a blackboard in front of him..He ran up to it at once. He took out a piece of chalk and wrote his problem on the blackboard. Then he started to work on it. The blackboard moved a little, but he did not notice it. The blackboard moved on. Mr Ampère moved with it. The blackboard started to move faster and faster. Mr Ampère could not keep up with it any longer. He stopped to have a look. What did he see? Why, the "blackboard " was NOT a blackboard. It was the back of a carriage! 7、A PAGE FROM A STUDENT'S DIARY October 22nd, Saturday Cloudy There were no classes this afternoon. My classmates all went to the Summer Palace. They had a good time, but I didn't go. After lunch Aunt Huang came in. She looked worried. "Grandma is ill," she said. "I must take her to the hospital. But my baby, ... I can't leave her by herself." Mother and Dad were not at home. So I said, "Don't worry. I can look after her." "Thank you, Xiao Ping. Thank you." The baby was about ten months old. At first she was asleep. Half an hour later she woke up. She couldn't find her mother and began to cry. "Don't cry," I said. I talked to her. But she looked at me and cried harder and harder. I turned on the radio. She topped crying and listened to the music. After a few minutes she started to cry again. "Listen to me," I said. I started to sing. The baby watched and listened. She didn't cry any more. Then I made faces and jumped like a monkey. The baby laughed and laughed. All that afternoon I jumped and sang and did all kinds of things. When Aunt Huang came back, I was so tired. In the evening Wang Lin came to see me. I told him the whole story. He laughed. "You're great! I'm going to tell everyone. I'm going to tell them 'Bring your babies to Li Ping. He can take good care of your babies.'" 8、复习课 9、THE MOON Son: Look, Dad! How bright and near the moon looks tonight! Father: But it isn't as near as it looks. Son: I know it's far away from the earth. Father: It's three hundred and eighty thousand kilomeres away. Son: How far is that? Father: Well, it takes more than three days to get there by spaceship. Son: A spaceship flies very, very fast, doesn't it? Father: Yes. It flies at about eleven kilometres a second. In 1969 two Americans got to the moon by spaceship. That was one of the most exciting moment of that year. Son: They didn't find any living things there, did they? Father: No, they didn't. It's too hot in the day and too cold at night. Nothing can live on the moon. Son: I hear walking on the moon is more difficult. It's like jumping and flying. Is that so? Father: Yes, isn't that interesting! Everything is much lighter on the moon. You can jump much higher on the moon than on the earth. Son: I wish I could fly to the moon in a spaceship one day. It mmust be great fun. 10、A WAY OUT A French student went to London for his holiday. He thought:"I know a little English. I think people can understand me." One morning he went to visit the Science Museum. At noon he was tired and hungry. He went to the nearest restaurant and sat down at the table. He wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs. Soon the waiter came up to him and asked,"Can I help you, sir?" "A cup of tea and ..."he could not remember the English word for eggs. He looked around him, but nobody was eating eggs. Then he saw a magazine on the table next to him. There was a picture of a cock on its cover. He showed the picture to the waiter. "What's the English for this?" he asked. "A cock, sir." answered the waiter. "What do you call a cock's wife?" was the next question. "A hen, sir." "And what do you call a hen's children?" "Chicks, sir." "And what do you call chicks before they're born?" "Eggs, sir." "Very well,"said the French student. "Bring me two eggs, two eggs and a cup of tea, please." And he sat back with a smile on his face. 11、SHOPPING Alice: Mum, look at my coat. It's too short and too small. Will you buy me a new one? Mrs. Green: All right. I'm just going out to do some shopping now. Come on, dear. (They go into a shop for clothes.) Shop Assistant: What can I do for you, madam? M; I'm looking for a coat for my daughter. S: Here, madam, here are coats for young people. M: The red one on the right looks very nice, doesn't it? Do you like it, dear? A: No, Mum, I don't like red very much. I like green better. S: Green? Here's a green one. How do you like this? A: It's nice, isn't it, Mum? M: Yes. How much is it? S: Thirty pounds. M: Thirty pounds? That's too expensive, I'm afraid. S: What about the one next to it? It's cheaper. It's only twenty pounds. M: That'll be all right. Alice, please try it on, will you> A: Yes, Mum. (She tries it on.) M: It looks a bit large. Have you a smaller size? A: I think it'll fit me before long, Mum. You're always saying I'm growing so fast. M: All right then. We'll take it. 12、TWO FRIENDS AND A BEAR One day two young men were going through the forest. One said to the other, "We're good friends. We must help each other. If any beast comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you." The other friend said, "I will help you too, if any beast comes at you." They walked on. After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear. The young men ran away quickly. One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up. So he threw himself at the foot of the tree. He thought to himself, "The bear will think that I am dead." Soon the bear came near. The bear looked at the fat young man, then it put its nose down and smelled him. The young man held his breath. The bear thought he was dead, so it went away. The man in the tree came down. With a smile he asked his friend, "The bear put its mouth so near to your ear. What did it say to you?" The friend answered, "The bear said, ‘Don't trust your friend. He ran away from you when you needed his help most. Remember: A friend in need is a friend indeed.'" 13、LENIN AND THE GUARD One morning Lenin was going to his office. At the gate a guard stopped him. "Your pass, please." "Oh, yes, my pass, "said Lenin. "It's in one of my pockets." He began to look for it in his pockets. Just then a young man came up. This young man knew Lenin. He said to the guard: "Let him in." "No, I won't let him in if he has no pass. What's more, I want to see your pass, too." The young man became angry. "This is Comrade Lenin. Let him in, I tell you!" he shouted at the guard. "Don't shout at him," Lenin told the young man. "He's right. We must obey the rules!" Lenin found his pass and showed it to the guard. The guard looked at it carefully. Yes, it was Lenin himself. "I'm sorry." the guard said and his face and turned red. "I didn't know it was you." "But you did the right thing," Lenin said. "You are a good comrade. You are strict in your work. We must all be strict in our work." 14、THE STORY OF LITTLE GAUSS One afternoon some boys made a lot of noise in class. The teacher got angry. He kept them in the classroom after school. He told them to add all the numbers from 1 to 100 together. The boys took out their exercise-books. All of them began to write the numbers down except one boy. He was new in the school. He looked out of the window for a few minutes. Then he wrote a number in his exercise-book and put up his hand. "May I go home, sir?" he asked. "I know the answer now." The teacher and the other boys were very surprised. "Bring it here," said the teacher. The boy took it to the teacher. The answer was right, so the teacher had to let the boy go home. The next morning, the teacher asked the boy, "How did you find the answer so quickly?" "Well, sir," he said, "I didn't want to stay here long. So I tried my best to find the answer quickly. Soon I found it. You see, if you add 100 to 1, you get 101, and 99 and 2 is 101. 98 and 3 is 101 too, and when you reach 51 and 50, you have 101 fifty times. That is 5050." Sfter this, when the teacher gave the class exercises to do, he gave this boy different exercises. The boy's name was Karl F. Gauss. When he grew up, he became a great scientist. 第四册 Lesson 1 Drills: 1. Shall we get some chalk? 2. What shall we do in our English class tomorrow? 3. When shall we visit the Science Museum? Dialpgue: Let Me Help You Grammar: The Article Lesson 2 Drills: 1. I was doing some cooking yesterday evening. 2. Were you doing the same thing at that time? 3. What was Jenny doing this time yesterday? Text: The Monkey and the Crocodile Grammar: Interrogative sentence Lesson 3 Drills: They were doing maths exercises when I left. Text: The Monley and the Crocodile (Continued) Grammar: The Past Continuous Tense Lesson 4 Drills: 1. Was it raining when school was over yesterday? 2. Where did your brother study before he went college? 3. I went to bed at about ten after I did my homework. Text: It's Unfair Grammar: Types of Sentences Lesson 5 Drills: 1. I'll give the note to Tom as soon as he comes back. 2. I'll go with you to the cinema this afternoon if I'm free. 3. The swimming pool won't be open today because they're changing the water. Text: It's Unfair (Continued) Grammar: The Adverbial Clause Lesson 6 Text: The Rails SingLesson 7 (Revision) Lesson 8 Drills: 1. Have you returned the book? Yes, I have. I've just (already) returned it. (No, I haven't.) 2. Has Peter seen the doctor? Yes, he has. (No, he hasn't.) Dialogue: What's Wrong with Tom? Lesson 9 Drills: 1. How many pages have you read? 2. Has the plane arrived? Yes, it has. When did it arrive? Half an hour ago. Text: I Have Sung Already Lesson 10 Drills: 1. You've known each other for about two years. 2. How long has your uncle taught in that village? He's taught there since 1965. Text: An Australian Boy in Beijing Grammar: The Present Perfect Tense (?) Lesson 11 Drills: 1. How long has he been a soldier? He's been a soldier for about two months. 2. Have you ever been to the Great Wall? Yes, I have. (No, never.) Text: The Piano Concert Lseeon 12 Drills: 1. Where have you been? I've just been to the library. 2. Where's Wei Fang? She's gone to the shop. Text: The Universe and Man-made Satellite Grammar: The Present Perfect Tense (?) Lesson 13 Text: Miss Evans Lesson 14 (Revision) Vocabulary Irregular Verbs Supplementary Readings: 1. Standing Room Only 2. "What a Fool I Was!" 3. Dolphin Language 4. The Arab and the Camel 1、LET ME HELP YOU W------Woman L-------Liu Mei P------Policeman h------Husband ( At a street corner.) W (looking very worried): Oh, dear! What shall I do? (Liu Mei is on her way to see a film, but she stops.) L: What's the matter, Granny? Can I help you? W: I'm here to see my husband. He is in hospital. He wrote the name of the hospital in his letter, but I can't find the letter now. What shall I do? L: It's not in any of your pockets? W: No. L: Maybe you put it in your basket. W (looking in her basket): Ah, yes, here it is! (She shows it to Liu Mei.) L: Yes, this is it. W: how can I get there? I don't know the way. L: I don't either, granny. I'll ask the policeman. (Runs to the policeman at the corner.) L: Excuse me, which is the way to the East Street Hospital? P: Go down this street, then turn right at the second crossing. At the end of the road you'll find the hospital. It's about half an hour's walk. But you can get there by bus. L: Which bus shall I take? P: The No. 3 bus over there. It will take you right there. L: Thank you. (Runs back to the old woman.) Granny, the hospital is a bit far from here. Shall we go by bus? W: All right. (Twenty minutes later the old woman finds her husband. How happy they are to see each other!) H: But how did you get here? W: This little girl brought me. H: Which girl? (They look around but Liu Mei is already gone.) W: What a good girl! (Liu Mei is very late for the film, but she doesn't mind.) 2、3、THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE One day a little monkey was playing in a tall tree by the river. A crocodile was swimming slowly near the bank with her baby. She looked around for some food. Suddenly she saw the monkey. "Aha, there's my meal," she thought. She then turn to her son, "Do you love me, Son?" "Why, of course, Mum!" the baby crocodile said. "Well then, you catch the monkey and give me his heart to eat." "But how can I?" the baby crocodile asked. "Monkeys can't swim, and I can't climb trees." "You needn't climb the tree," his mother said. "Use your head, then you will find a way." The baby crocodile thought hard. Then he had an idea. He swam near the tree and shouted, "Hey, Monkey! Would you like some bananas?" "Bananas! Mm! I love them," said the monkey. "But where are they?" "On the other side of the river. There are some banana trees there, and they have lots of bananas on them. I'll take you there on my back." "Good," the monkey came down and jumped onto the crocodile's back. Soon they were in the middle of the river. Suddenly the crocodile went down under the water. When he came up again, the monkey was all wet. "Don't do that!" The monkey cried. "Don't do that again! I can't swim, you know." "I know, but I have to," answered the crocodile. "My mother wants to eat your heart." The little monkey was clever. "Why didn't you tell me earlier?" He asked. "My heart isn't here with me. I left it in that tree over there." "Then we'll have to go back for it. Mother doesn't want you without your heart." The crocodile turned and swam back to the bank. Soon they reached the bank. The monkey jumped off the crocodile at once, picked up a big stone and quickly climbed up the tree. The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again. As he was waiting, he suddenly heard a voice from above: "Hey, Crocodile!" The crocodile looked up. The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing. ‘Here's my heart. Come up and get it. Don't keep your mother waiting„You can't come up? Well, catch!' With these words, he threw the big stone at the crocodile. 4、5、IT‘S UNFAIR Jenny was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming. She was often late for school. One morning when she came in late, Mr Black, her teacher, got angry. "I‘ll write to your father if you aren‘t here on time tomorrow," he told her. Jenny didn„t want him to do that because her parents were very strict with her. The next day she got up very early and went to school without breakfast. When the bell rang, she was waiting in her seat. The door opened and the teacher came in. But it wasn„t Mr Black. It was Miss Green. Mr Black was ill, so she was taking his class instead. How disappointed Jenny was! The next morning Jenny got up even earlier. After a quick breakfast she hurried to school. Just before she got to the school gate, she stopped. There was a wallet lying on the ground. She picked it up. "Whose is this?" She wondered. As she stood there, she heard the first bell. "What shall I do?" She asked herself. "I„ll turn it in first," she decided. And so she did. When she hurried into the classroom, Mr Black was already beginning his lesson. "Jenny White," he said as soon as he saw her. "Didn‘t I tell you to be here on time?" "I‘m sorry, sir," Jenny tried to explain. "I was late because I had to„." "I will not to listen to any excuse," Mr Black stopped her. "If you can‘t get here on time, I will have to write to your father." "But Mr Black, that‘s„that‘s unfair!" "Unfair! How dare you say that?" Mr Black said angrily. "I‘ll report you to the headmaster!" "I was trying to do a good deed," Jenny thought, "and now„" she couldn‘t keep back her tears. As soon as the bell rang for the break, the door opened and in came Mr Smith, the headmaster. He was holding a wallet in his hand. "Excuse me, Mr Black," he said, "but is this wallet yours?" "Why, yes. It is mine." Mr Black was surprised. "I didn‘t know I lost it." "One of our girl found it and turn it in just before school started," Mr Smith said. "Oh? Who was it?" Mr Black asked. "I must thank her." "It was Jenny White." Mr Black‘s face slowly turned red. He looked at Jenny and said, "I‘m very sorry, Jenny. I take back what I said." "And I‘m sorry, Mr Black. I‘ll try not to be late again," Jenny said. 6、THE RAILS SING This story is about a bright boy in a small village in Europe. He worked in a town far away. Every day he went there by train. In those days, trains run very slowly. Few people like taking trains. But this boy didn?t mind because he enjoyed listening to the click, click of the rails. One evening after work, the boy was going home on the train. He sat in his seat quietly. He was listening to the click of the rails. Suddenly there was a break in the singing of the rails. "Something is wrong," said the boy to himself. He stood up. "Stop the train!" He cried. "Something is wrong with that boy," someone said. One man shouted at the boy, "be quiet, boy～What’s the matter with you?" Another man said, "Don’t be foolish, boy!" But the boy would not be quiet. "Stop the train! Stop the train! There’s danger ahead!" He cried. He went to look for the conductor of the train. "Conductor," he said when he found the man. "Please listen to the click of the rails. Something is wrong." The conductor listened. Then he said, "You are quite right, boy. We must stop the train." The train stopped. The conductor got off and checked the rails When he got on the train again, he said to the others, "The boy was right. There?s something wrong with one of the rails about thirty metres ahead. He saved our lives." This boy later became a musician. Many people like his music. When you listen to one of his pieces, you can hear click, click, click. It sounds like the singing of rails. 7、复习课 8、WHAT'S WRONG WITH TOM? Tom was very quiet this morning. He said he felt sick. "Oh, ooh! I feel terrible," he said. "Mum, I can't go to school today." So his mother took him to see the doctor. (At the doctor's) Mother: Good morning, Doctor. Doctor: Good morning, Mrs Brown. Good morning, Tom. What's your trouble, young man? Tom: I „ I've got a headache and „(Begins to cough) M: Why, Tom, you're coughing too! T: Ooh „ I feel terrible! D: Have you taken his temperature? M: Yes, I have. He hasn't got a fever. D: Tom, open your mouth and say "ahh". T: Ahh! D( to Tom's mother): How long has he been like this? M: Ever since this morning. D: Has he had anything to eat? M: He's had some bread, two eggs, a glass of milk and an orange. D: Did you give him any medicine? M: No. He hasn't had any medicine. D: Mmm. How are you feeling now, young man? T: Very bad, Doctor. In fact, I feel even worse. Ooh! Ooh! I think I'm going to die. D: Die! You won't die, Tom. You'll be all right soon. M: So it's nothing serious, Doctor? D: No. Your son will be all right by supper time. Tom's trouble is very common to boys these days. It comes and goes very quickly. M: But I don't understand, Doctor. D: This afternoon, the biggest football game of the year will be on TV. If your son feels enough to watch TV by then, he'll be fine after the game. You wait and see. M: Oh, I see! Thank you very much, Doctor. Come along, Tom. D: Goodbye! 9、I HAVE SUNG ALREADY Once a rich woman invited Martin Brown, a famous singer, to her house. She wanted him to sing for her friends. But she didn't invite him to have dinner with them. She told him to eat downstairs with the servants. The singer was surprised. But he said nothing and went downstairs. After the meal he stood up and said to the servants: "Now, my good friends, I shall sing for you." Of course, the servants were quite pleased. He sang them several songs. There was no piano in the room, but he didn't mind. When they asked for more, he sung more. At nine o'clock the rich woman asked the singer to come up to the sitting-room. When he came in, the guests were all seated and waiting for the concert. "We are ready now, Mr Brown," said the woman, "you may begin." "Ready for what?" asked the singer. "For your songs, of couese." she answered. "But I have sung already," said Mr Brown," and I can't sing twice in one evening." "You have sung already!" said the rich woman in surprise,"But when? And where did you sing?" "Just now, downstairs." "Impossible!" she cried. "But it's quite true, madam," said the singer. "I sang for the people after I had supper with them, you know." And with a polite "Good night", he left the rich woman's house. 10、AN AUSTRALIAN BOY IN BEIJING 809 West Chang'an Street Beijing, China December 21st, 1983 Dear Peter, I've been here in Beijing for half a year now. Beijing is in the north of china, so it's quite cold in winter. It has just snowed twice here. I'm going to have the first "White Christmas" in my life! It's hard to believe, isn't it - so warm in Australia and so cold here? Thank you for the wonderful stamp! I've collected over three hundred Chinese stamps since I came here. I'm sending some Monkey King stamps to you. I think you will like them. Now to answer some of your questions. Yes, I'm learning Chinese. Chinese is quite a difficult language for me. Last time Mum asked for some quilts in a shop. They showed her some cups. Dad and I had a good laugh over that. I've learned about five hundred Chinese words. I can even write a little Chinese now. Have you looked at the words on the card? I wrote them myself! No, I'm not swimming. Instead, I'm learning to skate on real ice! I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over. But I'm learning fast. I've travelled to several places in south China with Mum and Dad since we came to China. I've seen a lot of interesting things. I've made quite a few good friends, too. I have to finish this letter now. Ask Uncle John and Aunt Alice to bring you, too, when they come in August. We'll have a good time together then. Yours, Mike 11、THE PIANO CONCERT A young woman in a small German town was going to give a piano concert. Her posters said she was a pupil of Franz Liszt, the great Hungarian pianist. This was not true. One day the woman learned that Liszt himself was in town. Now people would find out and she would never be able to give a concert again. What should she do? Finally she went to see the famous man herself. She told him everything. Her parents were dead and she was alone. She had to make a living. She decided to give piano lessons to rich children. But who would send their children to an unknown young woman? So she told people Franz Liszt was her teacher. "I believe you," Liszt said. "You've done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it. That's enough. Now let me hear you play." The young woman was shy at first. But then she saw Liszt smiling. It made her feel better. Now she wasn't afraid any more. She started playing. She put her heart into it and she played wonderfully. Liszt was quite pleased. When she finished, she turned to look at Liszt. There was a smile on his face. She could see that he was pleased. Then Liszt gave her some advice. After he finished, he said, "Now you really my pupil. Go ahead with your concert. And you can add a note to the posters. Say that your teacher himself will be there. He will play the last piece." 12、THE UNIVERSE AND THE MAN-MADE SATELLITES When we talk about the universe, we mean not only the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, but also all the things too far away to see. In the past fifty years or so, scientists have been able to "see" farther and farther into the sky. They have found many "new" stars. Those stars are not really new. They have been there millions of years. Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth. Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than the sun. They look small only because they are much farther away. You can?t see them in the daytime. But if you go out at night, you will be able to see thousands of them. The earth is one of the sun’s planets, and the moon is our satellite. It is our nearest neighbour in space, and men have visited it already. No man has travelled farther than the moon, but spaceships without people have reached other planets. Many countries have sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth. With their help, people have done much research in many fields of science. Our country sometimes uses man-made satellites to send and receive TV programmes. This has helped the people of China and other countries to understand each other better. 13、MISS EVANS Have you ever heard the story about Miss Evans? It is a true story. Maybe many people have read about it. One afternoon in April 1912, a new ship set off from England to American on its first trip. It was one of the largest and finest ships at that time and on it were over 2,200 people. It was cold, but the trip was pleasant and people were enjoying themselves. The next day was even colder. People could see icebergs here and there. It was night. Suddenly the man on watch shouted, "Look out! Iceberg! Iceberg ahead!" It was too late. The ship hit the iceberg and came to a stop. There was a very big hole in the ship and water began to come inside. Slowly the ship started to go down. People had to leave the ship. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. Suddenly a woman shouted. "Please make room for me. My children are in that boat. I must go with them! Please!" There was no room here, someone shouted back. The children heard their mother and began to cry. A young woman was sitting near the poor children. She stood up. Here, she shouted. Take my place! I?m not married and I have no children. She got out and the thankful mother joined the children in the lifeboat. Soon after that, the ship went down. More than 1,500 people lost their lives. Among those was the young woman. Who was she? Her name was Miss Evans and she was going home to Boston. But nobody knew more about her than that. 第五册 Lesson 1 Drills: 1. I hear he'll be back in a month. 2. She said she was much better than before. 3. Do you know who(whom) they're waiting for? Text: Why the Bat Comes Out Only at Night Lesson 2 Drills: 1. He asked who could answer the question. 2. Can you tell me where the No. 3 bus stop is? 3. Could you tell me if(whether) it snows in winter in Australia? Text: Nathan Hale Grammar:The Object Clause Lesson 3 Drills: 1. He asked if(whether) Mr Howe had come back. 2. The lights had already gone out when I got to the cinema. Text: A Question of Pronunciation Lesson 4 Drills: 1. How many English songs had you kearned by the end of last term? 2. How long had Comrade Wu lived in the south before he came here? 3. I didn't give the chemstry book to Wei Fang because she had already bought a copy for herself. Text: The Arab in the Desert Grammar: The Past Perfect Tense Lesson 5 Text: The seagulls of Salt Lake City Lesson 6 (Revision) Lesson 7 Drills: 1. She said she was going to prepare for her trip. 2. She said they would go there by air. Text: The Pyramids Grammar: The Future-in-the-Past Tense Lesson 8 Drills: 1. Mr Smith said that John was a good worker. 2. Bo's wife told him that he had forgotten his wallet that morning. 3. John told Bob that he hadn't seen his wallet. Text: Once a thief, Always a thief? Grammar: Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (?) Lesson 9 Drills: 1. He asked if our party was going to start at 7 o'clock. 2. He asked what size dress you wore. Text: Edison's Boyhood Grammar: Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (?) Lesson 10 Drills: 1 She told us to speak a little louder. 2. Granny told you not to be late for school. Text: Dr Bethune Grammar: Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (?) Lesson 11 Yext; The Fisherman and the Genie Lesson 12 (Revision) Vocabulary Supplementary Readings: 1. Ben's Paddles 2. The Pot of Gold 3. The Broken Lantern(?) 4. The Broken Lantern(?) 5. The "Lady with the Lamp" 1、WHY THE BAT COMES OUT ONLY AT NIGHT Long, long ago, there was a war between the birds and the beasts. No one knows what they fought about. The bat did not know whose side he should be take. He thought and thought, then decided he must try to be on the side of the winners. So he watched from far away. After a while, it seemed that the birds were going to win. He flew over to join them. "What on earth are you doing here?" a bird shouted at him. "Can't you see I'm a bird?" the bat said with a smile. "Look, I have wings, just like you." "Come along, then," said the bird. "Don't hide behind others." But the things changed soon. Now it seemed that the beasts were winning. So the bat left the birds in a hurry and went over to the beasts. "What are you doing on our side?" an animal called out to him." Are you spying on us?" "Don't you know I'm one of you?" asked the bat, showing his teeth. "Look. Can't you see I've got teeth, too?" "Who are you trying to fool?" said the animals. "We saw you fighting on the side of the birds just now." So the beasts drove him off. Of course the birds refused to take him back. When the beasts and the birds saw neither side could win, they decided to stop fighting. Neither beasts nor birds would have the bat as their friend, so he was afraid to leave his home. Ever since then, he comes out only at night. 2、NATHAN HALE The young American stood quietly while the British guards searched his clothes. They found nothing. “If they don?t find the maps in my boot,” he thought, “maybe they will let me go. Then I?ll try to send the maps to General Washington.” “Take off your boots,” one of the guards ordered. The American’s heart beat faster. He took off his boots and handed them to the guard. The guard looked inside one boot, then the other. “Use your knife, man!” ordered the British officer nearby. The guard brought out his knife and cut one boot open. He stopped suddenly and the American knew what it meant. The maps of the British army?s defence works! The guard took the American to General Howe. The general looked at the maps. “I see you?ve made some drawing of our defence works,” he said. “This can only mean one thing.” “Yes, sir.” “Do you have anything to say to yourself?” “No, nothing.” “What’s your name?” “Nathan Hale.” “Rank?” “Captain.” The general studied the maps a few more minutes. “Captain Hale,” he said finally. “I?ve never seen such fine drawings. You know, we could use a man like you. Why not join us? You won?t have to worry about rank or pay.” Nathan Hale looked straight at the general. “Nothing could make me turn against my country!” “Then there’s only one thing I can do, you understand?” “Yes, sir.” “You will be hanged as a spy early tomorrow morning.” * * * Nathan Hale looked around as the British soldier put the rope around his neck. “Now, Nathan Hale.” said the British officer. “Let’s hear what you have to say before you die.” Nathan Hale took a last look at his beautiful country and said, “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.” 3、A QUESTION OF PRONOUNCIATION This happened in London. It was November and the weather was very wet and cold. A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold. He coughed day and night. So he decided to go and get some medicine for his cough. As he did not know much English, he got out his dictionary and looked up the word “cough”. But the dictionary did not tell him how to pronounce the word. He thought it over and remembered that he had learned the word “plough”. He remembered that it was pronounced [plau]. So he thought that c-o-u-g-h must be pronounced [kau]. Then he put on his coat and hat and went to a chemist’s shop. When the man in the shop asked him what he wanted, the Frenchman said: “I want something for my cow, please.” The man in the shop looked at him. Had he heard him correctly? “I beg your pardon, sir?” he asked. The Frenchman repeated: “I want some medicine for my cow.” “For your cow?” asked the man. “Are you a farmer?” “A farmer?” said the Frenchman in surprise. “What makes you think I’m a farmer? I come from Paris. I?m not a farmer.” “Where’s your cow, then?” asked the man in the shop. “It’s here!” replied the Frenchman. He put his hand on his chest and began to cough. “Here it is!” he said. “I?ve a very bad cow here.” Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant. He wanted some medicine for his cough. 4、THE ARAB IN THE DESERT An Arab was walking alone through the desert when he met two men. The men looked worried. It seemed that they had lost something. The Arab went over to them. “Have you lost one of your camels?” he asked them. “Yes,” they said. “Was he blind in the right eye and lame in the left foot?” asked the Arab. “Yes, he was.” “Had he lost a tooth and was he carrying corn?” “Yes,” said the men. “Please tell us where he is.” “I don’t know where he is,” said the Arab. “I’ve never seen such an animal.” “Did someone tell you about him?” “No.” The two men looked at each other in surprise. They could not believe the Arab?s words. Finally, they came up close to him, took hold of him, and shouted: “Where’s the animal? And what have you done with our goods?” The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel. At last the men took him before a judge. They said that the Arab had stolen their camel. “I’ve never seen their camel,” insisted the Arab. “But I’m a man of the desert, and I?ve learned to look carefully at everything I see. This morning I saw the tracks of a lost camel. I knew this because there were no man?s tracks near those of the camel. I also saw that the camel must be blind in the right eye, because he had only eaten the grass on his left side and had not touched the grass on his right. The animal was lame because with one foot he left a track much lighter than any of the others. He had lost a tooth, because wherever he ate grass, there was always a small space left untouched. I also found groups of ants near the tracks of the camel. They were pulling pieces of corn. From these facts I was able to tell what goods the animal was carrying.” The judge and the two men were satisfied with what the Arab had said. Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal. 5、THE SEAGULLS OF SALT LAKE CITY Salt Lake City is a beautiful city in the west of North America. The name comes from a great lake nearby. The city lies in a valley with high mountains all around it. But long ago there was almost nothing in this place and were very few people living here. More than a hundred years ago, a group of men, women and children moved from the east to the west. They had travelled a long way. At last these brave people came to the great mountains by the salt lake. They crossed the mountains and reached this quiet place. They decided to stay here, and so they built their homes and made their farms. This was where Salt Lake City now lies. The people had to work hard on their farms, because their lives depended on their crops. One day while they were working in their field, some farmers saw something strange in the sky. "Whats that?" asked one of them. "Where?" asked another, as he stopped to look. "Over there, "was the reply. They saw something like a cloud coming, but it was too low in the sky. As they watched, it came nearer and nearer. Suddenly a shout went up: "Locusts! Millions of them!" The words put fear into the heart of all, because they knew what locusts could do, and they had never seen so many of them before. In no time the locusts came down and started eating and everything - the wheat, the corn, the grass and the leaves on the trees. The farmers brought out things to fight the locusts. They tried everything. But while they were killing the locusts in one place, millions more arrived in another. What could the farmers do? Suddenly there was a great noise. As they looked up, they saw another cloud coming towards them. To their surprise, they saw not locusts this time, but seagulls. The farmers cried out, "Theyve came to eat what the locusts have left。" But to their joy, they found that the seagulls had come to eat not the crops, but the locusts. They had seen or smelled the locusts and had come from the Salt Lake City. Now they were eating the locusts! In a short while they ate up millions of them. The farmers crops were saved. The people were very thankful. They decided that from then on no one should ever kill a seagull. And today, if you go to Salt Lake City, you can see a monument with seagulls on top of it. 6、复习课 7、THE PYRAMIDS Thousands of years ago, the king of Egypt built strong tombs for themselves. Over these tombs they built pyramids. They thought their bodies would be well kept in these until they could come back to life. They also hoped the world would look on the pyramids as monuments to them and would remember them for ever. There are around 80 pyramids in Egypt. But the Great Pyramid is the biggest of all. It is nearly 5,000 years old. It is about 137 metres high today, but it was once higher. It is made of 2,300,000 huge stones. Most of them are higher than a man and weigh about two and a half tons each. Some weigh as much as fifteen tons. It took more than 100,000 men twenty years to build the Great Pyramid. When you look at the pyramids, you can’t help wondering how the Egyptians were able to build them thousands of years ago. How did they cut, carry and lift such huge stones? Each stone fits so well, yet they didn?t have our modern machines! Scientists have studied the pyramids, but nobody can tell just how the Egyptians built them so long ago. Inside the pyramids are the rooms for the bodies of the kings and queens. There are lots of wonderful treasures in the pyramids, too. Thieves have broken into some of the pyramids and taken away many of the treasures to foreign countries. They have even stolen the mummies. Today some of the mummies and treasures are on show in museums in different countries. When the kings had the pyramids built for them, they perhaps never thought this would happen. 8、ONCE A THIEF, ALWAYS A THIEF? Mr Smith, the boss of a small factory, once hired a young worker called John Hill. On the first day, Mr Smith took John to one of his workshops and introduced him to the other workers. The men introduced themselves to John and showed him around the factory. Then John started to work. John was good at his job. Soon he got a rise. And he got on well with his workmates. He hoped they would like him. But one morning John noticed that his workmates were looking at him and talking in low voices. Then Bob, one of the workmates, came up to him and asked whether it was true that he had been a thief and had just come out of prison. John?s heart sank. He had been afraid of this all along. He told them that he had been in prison, but he was no longer a thief and wanted to forget the past. The workers went to Mr Smith and asked him to fire John. Mr Smith explained to them that John had told him all about his past when he asked for a job in his factory. That showed John was honest. Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a chance. The workers went back and John stayed. But after that they were not as friendly to him as before. One afternoon about a week later, Bob could not find his wallet. He went to John and asked whether he had seen his wallet. But John said he knew nothing about it. When Bob tried to catch hold of his arm, John hit him in his face. Bob fell to the ground and blood ran down his nose. Mr Smith came out to see what was happening. The workers again asked him to let John go. They said they would all leave if John stayed. Mr Smith knew what that would mean. So he had to give in had say sorry to John. Just at the moment, in came a woman. It was Bob’s wife. She called out, “Bob, you forgot your wallet when you left home this morning. I thought you would need it, so I brought it over to you.” Everyone looked at Bob. “John, I „ I’m sorry,” said Bob with a red face. “John, I want to apologize - for us all,” said Mr Smith. “Please stay with us. This is a lesson for Bob, for me, and for all of us.” 9、EDISON’S BOYHOOD Thomas Edison was born in 1847. When he was a child, he liked to find out how things worked. One day when he was five, his father saw him sitting on some eggs, and asked what he was doing that for. Tom did not reply. Instead, he asked his father why he was not able to hatch chickens while hens could. Young Tom was in school for only three months. During those three months, he asked a lot of questions. Most of them had nothing to do with his lessons. His teacher did not know why the boy had so many strange questions. He told Tom?s mother that Tom was not bright and was not worth teaching. His mother took him out of school and taught him herself. The boy read a lot. He became very interested in science. By the time he was ten, he had already built a chemistry lab for himself. He planted vegetables in his garden and sold them to buy what he need for his lab. Once his mother was ill and she sent for a doctor. The doctor said she needed an operation at once. But it was night and the lamp in the room gave poor light. Edison thought hard. Finally he had an idea. He collected all the lamps in the house and put them and put then on a long table. Then he placed a big mirror behind them. Now there was enough light, so the doctor could operate. Edison?s mother was saved. At the age of twelve, Edison began selling newspapers on a train. When he was free, he printed a newspaper and sold copies to the railway workers. One day in August, 1862, Edison saw a little boy playing on the tracks at a station. A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened to move. Edison rushed out and carried the boy to safety. The boy?s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph. Edison soon became very good at it and later he left home to work in different cities. This gave him a start in life. At that time he was just a boy of sixteen. 10、DR BETHUNE It was late on the night of October 20, 1939, when Dr Bethune was busy working in a field hospital. An Eighth Route Army man riding a horse came from the front. He told Dr Bethune that the front was in great need of medical workers. Immediately, Dr Bethune set off with a medical team. On their way, they met a group of wounded Eighth Route Army men. They took the wounded soldiers into a small temple at once and Bethune began to operate on them. Dr Bethune went on working throughout the night. When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working. To him, the most important thing was to save lives. He had no time to think about rest. The next day while an operation was going on, a young man ran in and said to the doctors, "Several hundred enemy soldiers are coming." Soon they heard the sound of guns. But Dr Bethune still went on his work. Twenty minutes later, when Bethune was operating on the leg of the last wounded soldier, the guns sounded much closer. Again the young man rushed in and told Dr Bethune not to go on operating any more. "Comrade Bethune, you must leave now!" he cried. "Let me go on with the operation," said one of the doctors. "You must leave right now, Dr Bethune. Hurry!" "Please go, Doctor," begged the wounded soldier himself. "It's not a bad wound. Take me with you, or leave me here, but please go before the enemy comes." "Never mind, my boy, it won't take long," said Dr Bethune. "If I spend a few more minutes on it now, I can save your leg. But I don't, you'll lose it." The guns sounded still closer now, but Dr Bethune worked on. He and the other doctors did not leave until the operation was over. By that time the Japanese were already very near. As Bethune and the other doctors were climbing the hills, theycould see the enemy entering the village in the valley below. 11、THE FISHERMAN AND THE GENIE Once upon a time there was an old fisherman. He went fishing very early every morning, but he never cast his net more than four times a day. One morning, he went out early to the sea. He cast his net for the first time, and drew in the body of an animal. He cast it a second time, and drew in an old basket full of sand. He cast it a third time, and drew in a lot of stones. It seemed he would have nothing to take home that morning. Day had now broken, and he cast his net for last time. After some time, he began to draw the net in. He found it was very heavy. But there were not any fish in it. Instead he found a jar with a lid. He shook the jar, but could hear nothing. So he took off the lid and looked inside. He could see nothing. After a while a light smoke came slowly out of the jar. Then little by little, the smoke grew heavier and thicker till finally it turned into a terrible Genie! "Get down on your knees," said the Genie, "for I'm going to kill you." "Why? Didn't I set you free from the jar?" "That's why I'm going to kill you, but I'll let you choose how you're going to die." "But why?" "Listen, and I will tell you my story." "I was one of the spirits in heaven. But I did not want to obey Solomon's orders. So one day, he put me in this jar and threw it into the sea. "During the first hundred years of my stay in the sea, I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. But no one came. During the second hundred years, I promised that if anyone set me free I would show him all the treasures in the world. But still no one came. During the third hundred years, I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth. "Still no one came. Then I became very angry, and decided that if anyone should set me free I would kill him at once. Now you have come and set me free. So you must die, but I will let you say how you want to die." The fisherman was not frightened. He said: "Since I must die, I must. But before I die, answer me one question." "All right, but be quick." "Were you really in the jar? You are so big and the jar is so small that it could hardly hold one of your feet." "Of course I was in the jar. Don't you believe me?" "No, and I won't until I've seen you in the jar with my own eyes." When he heard this, the Genie changed into smoke. Slowly the smoke went back into the jar. When all of it was in the jar, the fisherman quickly put the lid on and threw it back into the sea. 第六册 1、ENGLISH IS WIDELY USED Ping: Dad, I got a "C" in English again. I tried my best. Dad: Well, don't give up. English may be hard, but it's so useful. Ping: How widely is English used? Dad: Very widely. English is one of the working languages at international meetings. It's probably the most widely used at those meetings. And do you know most international business letters are written in English? Ping: Really? Is English understood by people outside England and the United States? Dad: Yes. I spoke English when I was in Japan. Many people understood me. Ping: How about other countries? Dad: Well, I know that in Sweden and France a lot of people understand English. Ping: Is English the language spoken by the largest number of people in the world? Dad: No. Ping: Then Chinese must have the largest number of speakers. Dad: Right. But Chinese is spoken by few people outside China. Ping: Dad, did people in China study English a long time ago? Dad: Not so very long ago. In China the first English textbooks were published in the late nineteenth century. Ping: Did many people in China study English at that time? Dad: No, not many. But by and by, more and more people began to study English. Later, English was required for study in many schools. Ping: It's required in our school now. But, Dad, English is so hard! Dad: It is hard, but when you've learned it, you'll find it a bridge to so much knowledge. And you'll find you can enjoy so many more books, if you know English. Ping: Well, I'll try harder. 2、JOE HILL You may know the song about Joe Hill. But do you know that the song was written about a real person? Here is the story of Joe Hill. He was born in Sweden in 1879. When he was in his twenties he went to the United States and became a worker. At that time, things were hard for the workers. Joe took an active part in the workers? struggles for better pay and better conditions. He helped to form trade unions. He spoke at meetings and organized strikes. Joe was a good musician and at the meetings he sang and played the piano. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs. Many of these songs called on the workers to take up the struggle. Joe Hill was a tall, thin, good-looking man. He had fair hair and blue eyes. His comrades liked him, but the bosses hated him, because they were afraid of his work among the workers and afraid of his songs. He was a fearless fighter for the working class. In 1915 Joe Hill led a strike in Salt Lake City. The bosses knew that Joe Hill was the soul of the strike and decided to get rid of him. They needed an excuse and they soon found one. One day a man was murdered. The bosses then brought out a man who said that Joe was the murderer. Joe was tried and sentenced to death. He was shot on November 19, 1915. Even while he was in prison, Joe Hill went on writing songs to keep up the workers? fight. Just before he was killed, he sent a message to his comrades all over the country. These were his last words: “Don?t waste time mourning. Organize.” On the day he was killed, a speaker at a big meeting said: “Joe Hill isn’t dead! He will never die!” To this day his name is remembered by fighting workers in the United States. 3、DUSTMEN ON STRIKE It is Thursday morning. No dustmen come to the Turners’ road. They are still on strike. And the rubbish has not been collected for weeks. The Turners are sitting at the breakfast table. Mr Turner is reading the newspaper. It is time for Robert to go to school. Robert: I’d better be going. ‘Bye. Mrs Turner: Oh, Robert, take the bag of rubbish out to the dustbin, please. Robert: But where can I put it? The dustbin is full, Mum. Mrs Turner: Hasn’t it been emptied yet? Well, just put it near the dustbin, then. Robert: All right. ‘Bye. Mrs Turner: This really is too bad. The dustbins haven’t been emptied for three weeks. Mr Turner: Hm? Mrs Turner: All the dustbins are full, and there are bags of rubbish everywhere. The whole street has been turned into one big rubbish dump. It smells terrible. Mr Turner: And it can bring more trouble. Mrs Turner: More trouble? Mr Turner: Yes, we’ve been warned to be careful of rats. Mrs Turner: Aren’t the dustmen going back to work yet? Mr Turner: No, they aren’t. Look, there’s a report here in the newspaper, with pictures. I?ll read it to you. (reads) STRLKE DOES ON Things are getting worse. No rubbish has been collected since the dustmen went on strike three weeks ago. Dustbins are full, and plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in the streets. The smell is terrible. In some places rats have even been seen, and people have been warned to be careful. The public wants to know: why hasn’t anything been done to end the strike? The dustmen say that they are badly paid and they want more money. They are not going back to work until they get it. But that is not all. They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job. Mrs Turner: That’s true. Their job is important and necessary to us all. Mr Turner: Something must be done to end the strike. 4、WATER, STEAM AND ICE We have all played with snow and ice. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes smaller and smaller, until in the end it disappears completely. Where has it gone? It has been turned into water by the heat. In winter, when clothes are washed they don’t dry easily. They are often hung up near a fire. Soon steam can be seen rising from the wet clothes. The water in them is being turned into vapour, and they get drier and drier. When no more steam comes out, they must be taken away from the heat of the fire, ir they might get burnt. If you hold a mirror close in front of your mouth and blow on it, you will find the glass covered at once with little drops of water. The warm water vapour in your breath has been changed into water on the cold glass. Now stop blowing, and soon you will find the glass clear again - the little drops of water has disappeared because they have again been turned into vapour by the warm air around them. Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather, and it will soon be covered with ice. If it is not taken inside the room, sooner or later the whole basin of water may be turned into a block of ice. Most matter has three states: solid, liquid and gas. Solids can usually be turned into liquids and liquids into gases if we raise their temperature high enough. On the other hand, gases can often be turned into liquids and liquids into solids if they are made cold enough. This change of state is a physical change and not a chemical one. If a piece of wood is heated to a high temperature, it begins to burn. Light and heat are sent out, together with heavy smoke, and soon only black charcoal is left. They is called a chemical change. 5、CUMPUTERS The computer is a wonderful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. Today it is used a great deal in many ways. By the year 2,000 the computer will probably touch the lives of everyone, even people in faraway village. The oldest kind of computer is abacus, used in China centuries ago. In the seventeenth century an adding machine was invented, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do 5,000 adding problems in one second. Now computers can work millions of times faster. Today most computers have a memory. That means information can be stored in them and be taken out anytime needed. Computers are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster. Even in a large computer, the part that does the computing is now only about as big as the end of a finger. Computers can do many kinds of work. For example, when someone buys something in a big shop, information about the sale is put into a computer. During the night the computer works on the information from all the sales that day. The next morning, the manager has a report on everything that was sold and also on everything that will soon be sold out. In research about the moon, a lot of information is put into computers. A scientist can then “ask” the computer questions, and the computer “answers” on the screen. It is almost like talking to another scientist. Another computer programme has information about different illnesses. A doctor can talk to the computer and explain what is wrong with a person. The computer will then tell what to do. If the doctor asks why, the computer goes through its memory and gives the reason. In some large factories there are very few people. Robots do most of work. For example, in a car factory, when a different type of car comes along the line, the robot changes its work, just as a human would do. How does the robot know this? A computer “tells” it what to do. In the last few years there have been great changes in computers. They now can do most of the things people can do, though most scientists agree that computers cannot completely take the place of humans. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will they make life better, or will they bring suffering to people? The students of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow. 6、复习课 7、A LESSON FROM NATURE Not many years ago, some farmers were worried because hawks were taking many of their chickens. The farmers did not know what to do. Finally they went to the officials and ask for help. “Kill the hawks,” the officials said. “We’ll even pay you for them.” So the farmers began to think of ways to kill hawks. The farmers killed many hawks. Before long they didn’t have to worry about their chickens. But they now had a new worry. Field mice were eating up a lot of the farmers? grain. How did this happen? Hawks eat not only chickens but also field mice. They eat mice field mice than chickens. But the farmers did not know this. When they killed a lot of hawks, they changed the balance of nature. When people move into a new place, they often destroy many wild plants. Many of these plants are food for the animals. If the animals cannot find enough plants to eat, they will starve or have to leave the place. In one part of the United States, for example, the deer there like to eat a certain kind of wild rose. The mountain lions there eat the deer. The number of deer, mountain lions, and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are. But people killed many mountain lions in order to protect the deer. Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. Then the deer began to eat the green leaves of the young trees. The trees were important to the farmers. So the farmers thought of ways to protect their trees. Now the deer had nothing to eat, and many of them died. This was another lesson from nature. It is important for us to keep the balance of nature. This is the lesson we should remember. 8、GOOD MANNERS Manners are important to happy relations among people. Everyone likes a person with good manners. No one likes a person with bad manners. But what are good manners? How does one know what to do and what not to do? Well, here are some examples. A person with good manners never laughs at people when they are in trouble. Instead, he tries to help them. He is always kind to others. When people are waiting for a bus, he takes his turn. He does not push to the front of the line. On the bus he gives his seat to an older person or a person with a very young child. If he knocks into someone, or gets in his way, he says "excuse me" or "I'm sorry". He says "please" when he ask for something and thank you when he receives something. He stands up when he is speaking to an older person, and he does not sit down until the other person takes his seat. He does not interrupt other people when they are talking. He does not talk too much. He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. When he is eating he does not speak with his mouth full of food. He uses a handkerchief when he sneezes or coughs. He does not spit in public. As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class. If you are late you should make an apology to the teacher either at the time or after class. It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question. If you do not know the answer, say so immediately. If you do know, answer in a loud enough voice so that all the class may hear. It is polite for the students to help the teacher. Sometimes students can help their teachers to clean the blackboard, to close or open the door or windows. Sometimes there are papers to collect or to hand out. This kind of help is always appreciated. Ideas of what are good manners are not always the same in different countries. But in all countries it is important to be kind and helpful. 9、LOOK CAREFULLY AND LEARN My friend Carl will never forget a certain professor. This professor taught him chemistry at the university. He was an ordinary-looking little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. And the lessons he taught were not easily forgotten. Carl remembers one of his first lessons from this professor. After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the professor brought out three bottles. One was filled kerosene, one with castor oil, and one with vinegar. "Now watch carefully," said the professor. "Pay attention to everything that I do." He then filled a cup with some of the kerosene, some of the castor oil and some of the vinegar. As the students watched with fascination, he mixed the three together. After that, he held up one of his finger and showed it to the class. He then dipped it into the cup. After a few seconds he took his finger out. "Now watch," he said. "Remember, you must do everything that I do." He put his finger in his mouth and sucked it. He nodded with a smile. Then he handed the cup around the class of students. Each student dipped a finger into the mixture and sucked it. Each immediately made a face. The mixture tasted horrible. When the cup was at last returned to the professor, he shook his head sadly. "I?m sorry," he said to the class, "but none of you watch carefully enough. Yes, I sucked a finger, but the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup." It was their first important lesson as students of chemistry and they never