北京林业大学成人教育英语专业

北京林业大学成人教育英语专业 毕业综合考试大纲 (2003.4) 一、考试目的、形式、时间及适用对象 1. 考试目的:为了保证我校成人教育本科英语专业能够达到应有的水平，特设立本专业毕业综合考试。本考试达到60分且其他方面达到要求者可以授予学士学位。 2. 考试形式:笔试。 3. 考试时间:考试安排在最后一个学期。考试时间210分钟。 4. 适用对象:考试适用于英语专业本科、英语专业专升本(在职、脱产)学生。 二、考试要求 1. 词汇:通过课堂教学和其他途径认知词汇达8,000-10,000个;且能正确而熟练地使用其中的4,000-5,000个及其最常用的搭配。 2. 语法:熟练掌握英语语法，并能运用各种衔接手段，连贯地达思想。 3. 听力:听懂真实交际场合中各种英语会话;听懂英语国家广播电台以及电视台(如CNN)有关政治、经济、文化、教育、科技等方面的专题报道以及与此类题材相关的演讲和演讲后的问答;听懂电视时事报道和电视短剧中的对话。语速为每分钟150-180个单词，听两遍可以听懂，理解准确率以60%为合格。 4. 口语:发音正确;语调自然;调整流顺畅。能就国内外重大问题与外宾进行流利而得体的交流;能系统、深入、连贯地发表自己的见解。 5. 阅读:能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评、英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品;能分析上述题材文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。 6. 写作:能写各类体裁的文章，做到充实，语言通顺，用词恰当，表达得体。写作速度为30分钟250-300个单词。能撰写长度为3,000-5,000个单词的毕业论文，要求思路清晰、内容充实、语言通顺。 7. 翻译:能运用翻译的理论和技巧，将英美报刊上的文章译成汉语，或将我国报刊、杂志上的文章译成英语，速度为每小时200-250个英文单词。译文要求忠实原意，语言流畅。能担任一般外事活动的口译。 8. 文学:了解英美文学史中主要作家和作品。 9. 文化:熟悉英语国家的地理、历史、发展现状、文化传统、风俗习惯。 三、考试方式和内容 1. 听力:听两段各300词左右的录音，各放两遍录音，简答10个问题。(20分) 2. 词汇和语法:选择题形式，共20个小题。(10分) 3. 阅读:阅读400词左右的材料4篇，每篇有5个选择题，共20题。(20分) 4. 写作:命题作文，要求写出200词左右的作文。(10分) 5. 翻译:英译汉1篇，120词左右。汉译英1篇，8左右。(20分) 6. 文学:简答题5个。(10分) 7. 文化:简答题5个。(10分) 附:考试样题 1 北京林业大学成人教育英语专业 毕业综合考试样题 I. Listening: 1. You are going to hear a talk. Listen to the talk twice and answer the following questions. [Tapescript: Whitman was born on a farm in West Hills, Long Island, New York, of Dutch-English parentage. Often considered to be the first modern American poet, he was a contemporary of William Cullen Bryant, Edgar Allan Poe, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, James Russell Lowell, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and John Greenleaf Whittier. However, unlike a number of these writers and poets, Whitman grew up in a poor family and had to leave school in his teens in order to get a job to help support his family. When Whitman was four years of age, his family moved to Brooklyn where his father, a farmer, became a carpenter. As Whitman grew older, he became attracted to the bustle and variety of life in New York City where, from 1839 to 1848 he worked on newspapers as a reporter-editor. Very little is known about Whitman from 1848 to 1854, but early in 1855, shortly after the death of his father, he published his first volume of poetry consisting of 12 long poems. Leaves of Grass, as the volume was named, was largely rejected by other poets and was a financial failure. Later editions of Leaves of Grass included poems Whitman had written as a result of his obervations during the American Civil War. A number of other editions, with new poems added, followed in the years after the Civil War. Whitman approved the last edition of Leaves of Grass on his death bed. For Whitman death was the greatest “democrat” of all since it was an experience shared by all people. The only true life, he said in his last poems, must be that which followed death, and that “true life” came to him on March 26, 1892.] 1) Where was Whitman born? 2) Give the name of one of Whitman’s comtemporaries. 3) When did Whitman work as a reporter-editor? 4) What is the title of Whitman’s collection of poems? 5) When did Whitman die? 2. Vocabulary and grammar: 1) He examined the plans and then said he had no _____ to them. A. denial B. objection C. opinion D. interest 2) Color-blind people often find it difficult to _____ between blue and green. A. separate B. compare C. contrast D. distinguish 3) It is dangerous for any town to _____ the interest of its young people. A. lack B. express C. appreciate D. neglect 4) He was very fond of walking and used to go out every day in all _____. A. weathers B. temperatures C. climates D. customs 5) Some scientists _____ that the carbon dioxide (CO) content of the atmosphere would cause the 2 earth to warm up. 2 A. estimated B. prescribed C. established D. predicted 3. Reading: The growth strategy is a corporate-level strategy that seeks to increase the level of the organization’s operations. This includes increasing such popular quantitative measures as sales revenues, number of employees, and market share. Growth can be achieved through direct expansion, vertical integration, horizontal integration, or diversification. Growth through direct expansion is achieved by internally increasing a firm’s sales, production capacity, or workforce. No other firms are acquired or merged with; instead the company chooses to grow by itself through its own business operations. For instance, McDonald’s has pursued a growth strategy by way of direct expansion. The company has grown by awarding franchises to people who are willing to be trained in the “McDonald’s way” and by opening company-owned outlets. A company might also choose to grow by vertical integration, which is an attempt to gain control of inputs (backward vertical integration), outputs (forward vertical integration), or both. In backward vertical integration, the organization attempts to gain control of its inputs by becoming its own supplier. For instance, United Airlines has created its own in-flight food services business. In forward vertical integration, the organization gains control of its outputs (products or services) by becoming its own distributor. For example, Gateway Computer’s retail stores are an example of an organization controlling its distribution. In horizontal integration, a company grows by combining with other organizations in the same industry – that is, combining operations with competitors. For instance, H.J. Heinz, Inc., the food-processing company, combined operations with an organic baby food company, Earth’s Best, to help its own Heinz baby foods division become more competitive. Because combining with competitors might decrease the amount of competition in an industry, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission assesses the impact of such proposed growth actions and must approve any proposed horizontal integration strategy. Other countries have similar restrictions. Finally, an organization can grow through diversification, either related or unrelated. Related diversification is when a company grows by merging with or acquiring firms in different but related industries. For example, American Standard Cos. is in a variety of businesses including bathroom fixtures, air-conditioning and heating units, plumbing parts, and brakes for trucks. Unrelated diversification is when a company grows by merging with or acquiring firms in different and unrelated industries. For example, Lancaster Colony Corporation makes salad dressing, car mats, and candles. These industries are different and unrelated. 1) What is this passage about? A. How McDonald’s has become successful. B. How companies have become successful. C. How companies can develop their businesses. D. How companies compete with each other. 2) What is “direct expansion”? A. A company develops its own business into a bigger scale. B. A company acquires another company. C. A company merges with another company. D. A company grows without increasing its workforce. 3 3) Which of the following is NOT true of “vertical integration”? A. A company attempts to supply its own inputs. B. A company attempts to sell its own products. C. A company attempts to provide services. D. A company attempts to enter another industry. 4) If a company adopts the method of “horizontal integration”, it attempts to _____ A. acquire a very different company. B. acquire a similar company. C. acquire a sales company. D. acquire a distribution company. 5) Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to the word “diversification”? A. merging with or acquiring firms B. either related or unrelated C. a variety of businesses D. a company grows 4. Writing: Write an essay of about 200 words on the following topic. Nowadays many parents want their children to get the best education they can. But some people think that good education does not always bring wealth. What is your view on education and what do you think education will really bring? 5. Translation: 1) Translate the underlined parts into Chinese. The University of Salford was granted its Royal Charter in 1967. However its origins go back to 1896, when the Royal Technical Institute was founded on the site of the present University. The Institute and its successors, the Royal Technical College and the Royal College of Advanced Technology, gained a reputation for their practical and challenging teaching methods and their involvement with both the local community and industry and commerce. The University today continues to build on this reputation. It has strong links with industry, commerce and the public sector and a significant percentage of its research work is funded from these sources. In August of 1996, Salford merged with University College Salford. The new institution offers students at both institutions greatly increased benefits including a wider range of Student Union activities and access to extensive study resources. The University's attractive Peel Park campus is located one mile to the west of Manchester's city centre. Its location, close to an extensive network of roads and railways is ideal for travel to all parts of the country. 2) Translate the underlined parts into English. 中国是人口众多，综合实力不断增强的发展中国家，同时，也是一个极端注重“食文化” 的国家，任何具有文化内函的，口感适宜的，无论是中国的还是外国的食品，均能在中国， 特别是在日益发展的大、中城市产生巨大的规模效益。现代化的中国城市崇尚国际名牌食品， 快捷方便、卫生的快餐食品符合中国百姓不断提高的消费要求，因此，麦当劳、肯德鸡、必 胜客等美国快餐公司在中国赢得了市场，并且在不断地扩大其连锁规模。 4 6. Literature: 1) What are the four tragedies written by William Shakespeare? 2) Give the names of four romanticists in English literature. 3) Who wrote the following books: Pride and Prejudice, Oliver Twist, Gulliver’s Travels, The Great Gatsby? 4) Name four major works by Mark Twain. 5) What do you know about E. Hemingway? 7. Culture: 1) The full name of Great Britain. 2) Buckingham Palace. 3) 10 Downing Street. 4) Boston Tea Party. 5) George Bush, Jr. 5