G5_U3_T3

Writer’sChecklistIdeasandContent:Isthemainideaofmypoemapparenttothereader?Organization:Doeseachlineandstanzaofmypoemfollowinalogicalorder?Voice:CanthereadertellhowstronglyIfeelaboutthistopic?WordChoice:DidIuseactionverbswheneverpossibletostrengthenmywordchoice?SentenceFluency:Dothelinesofpoetryhaveacertainrhythmeveniftheydon’trhyme?Conventions:Iseverywordinmypoemspelledcorrectly?PoemHarrietTubman(1820-1913)YourTurnPeopleoftenwritepoemstocelebrateideas,people,orevents.Chooseaperson,event,ortopicfromAmericanhistorytohonorwithapoemthatyouwrite.Yourpoemdoesnothavetorhyme.Usethewriter’schecklisttocheckyourwriting.313TalkAboutItWhyshouldpeoplecareabouttheenvironment?Findoutmoreabouttheenvironmentatwww.macmillanmh.com314ProtectingtheENVIRONMENT315RealWorldReadingENVIRONMENTALDANGERSThefollowingthreatstothehealthofEarth’senvironmentcouldaffectallofhumanity.Theycouldalsoharmplantandanimallife.DamagetotheOzoneLayer:AthinlayerofinvisibleozonegassurroundsEarth.Itprotectsusfromthesun’sharmfulrays.Inrecentyears,theamountofozonehasdecreased.Scientistsbelievepollutionisthecause.Lessozonemeansthesun’srayscanreachusmoredirectlyandcausemoreharm.GlobalWarming:SomescientiststhinkpollutionisraisingEarth’ssurfacetemperature.Ifglobalwarmingcontinues,someproblemsseeminevitable.MeltingoficeattheNorthandSouthPoleswouldbeoneunavoidableproblem.Thenoceanlevelswouldrise.Coastlineswouldbeflooded.Theweatherwouldchange.Therecouldbemorestorms,moreheatwaves,andmoredroughts.AcidRain:Acidrainoccurswhenrainwatermixeswithcertainpollutants.Burningfossilfuels—mainlycoal—isthecause.Acidraincanharmtreesandwildlife.Itcanevendamagebuildings.Afactoryreleasespollutantsintotheair.Vocabularyhumanityinevitableunheededenlightenedprevailing316What’sthebiggestproblemfortheenvironment?“Ignorance!”sayLisaWollett’sfifth-gradersinParma,Michigan.Thesekidsknewthatmanyurgentwarningsabouttheenvironmenthavegoneunheeded.Theywantedpeopleintheirtowntostartpayingattention.SotheycreatedEnvironmentalAwarenessDay.Thestudentsgotinformationfromenvironmentalorganizations.Theymadesurethelocalnewspaperscoveredtheevent.Theyevenstartedtheirownpapertogetthewordout.Somekidsworkedonplays,games,andskits.Everyoneworkedtobecomemoreenlightened..Theydidresearchonnaturalresources,conservation,pollution,andrecycling.TheylearnedthatAmericansthrowaway40milliontonsofpaperayearand65millionaluminumcans.Hundredsofpeoplefromallovertheircountyshowedupfortheevent.Theprevailingmoodwasupbeat.Everyonewasexcitedandsurprised.Weweren’texpectingsomanypeople,”saidBenjaminScott,11.“MyauntfromCaliforniaevencame.”Recyclingonetonofpapersaves17treesand7,000gallonsofwater.RecyclingonealuminumcansavesenoughelectricitytorunaTVforthreehours.Recyclingoneglassbottleorjarsavesenoughelectricitytolighta100-wattbulbforfourhours.Morethan30milliontreesarecutdowntoproduceayear’ssupplyofnewspapers.Recyclingonetonofplasticsavestheequivalentof1,000to2,000gallonsofgasoline.ANEARTHDAYOFTHEIROWNTrashtossingatEnvironmentalAwarenessDayFindoutmoreaboutrecyclingatwww.macmillanmh.com317BEYONDtheHORIZONCanpeoplearoundtheworldimprovetheirstandardoflivingandstillprotecttheenvironment?RealWorldReadingComprehensionGenreANonfictionArticleinanewspaperormagazinepresentsfactsandinformation.EvaluateFactandOpinionAfactissomethingthatcanbeproventobetrue.Anopinionisabeliefthatmaynotbesupportedbyfacts.KofiAnnanKofiAnnan,asSecretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations,madeaspeechtoworldleaders.Thetopicwasthehealthoftheenvironment.Hedescribedtwovisionsofthefuture.Ifenvironmentalwarningsignsgounheeded,hesaid,thefuturelooksgrim.Butifpeoplearewillingtochangetheirways,thefuturecanbebright.Hereisasummaryofwhathesaid:318Adried-uplakebedinCaliforniamagineafutureofconstantstormsandfloods.Islandsandcoastalregionsareflooded.Becauseofdrought,nothingcangrowinthehardsoil.Peopleareatwarwitheachotheroverwaterandothernaturalresources.Thenimagineafuturewithcitiesandtownsthatarecleanandpleasant.Homes,transportation,andindustryareenergy-efficient.Thestandardoflivingforalltheworld’speopleisimproving.Thechoicebetweenthesedifferentvisionsisourstomake.Currenttrendsmaynotbeveryencouraging.Weknowenoughaboutecologicalproblemstofeartheworst.Butthereistimetodrawbackfromtheedgeofdisaster.Mostimportant,anotherpathispossible.Thatpathisbetterforhumanityandlessharmfultotheenvironment.ThechallengeoflivinginharmonywithEarthisasoldashumansocietyitself.ThingschangedwiththeIndustrialRevolution.Thesteamengineandtheinternalcombustionenginewereinvented.Peoplelearnedtotakeadvantageoftheenergylockedinsuchfossilfuelsascoal,oil,andgas.Improvementsinfarmingmethodsandmachinerypushedpeoplefromfarmsintofactoriesandcities.Theresultwasarevolutioninlivingstandardsthattheworldhadneverseenorevenimaginedpossible.319320Todayweneedanotherrevolution.Weneedtochangeourattitudetowardtheglobalenvironment.Fortoolong,toomanypeoplehavebelievedthatwecanovercomeanythingthatlimitsus.Andtoomanyhavebelievedthattechnologyistheinevitableanswertoanyproblemwemightface.Slowly,however,wehavebecomeenlightened.Wehavebeguntoseethedangersintheprevailingwayofdoingthings.Wecanseethedangersincontinuingtocutdownforestsanduseupnaturalwatersupplies.Weknowthatanatmospherefilledwithpoisonsputsusatrisk.Werealizethatwecannotcontinuetoover-fishtheoceans.Theclimateitselfhasbeguntotalkbackintheformofstormsanddroughts.Peoplewhobelieveallformsofdevelopmentarebaddonothelpeitherside.Forthepoorestmembersofthehumanfamily,developmentoffershope.Itmeansthechancetofeed,school,andcareforthemselvesandtheirchildren.ButprosperitythatdestroysthenaturalWillforestslikethisoneinNewZealandsurvive?321environmentisnoprosperityatall.Wearefacedwithanotherkindofchoice.Weknowthatdevelopmentispossiblewithoutusingupnaturalresourcesorruiningtheenvironment.Thepeopleoftheworldmustcometogether.Wemustshowourstrongsenseofcommondestiny.Wemusttakethischallengeseriously.Intheendwemustexercisegreaterresponsibilityforoneanother.AndwemusttakeresponsibilityfortheEarthonwhichwedepend.ThinkandCompare1.Whatisthetopicofthisspeech?2.Doyouagreewiththemainideaofthisspeech?Whyorwhynot?3.Wouldyoudescribethisselectionasmostlyfactormostlyopinion?Explainyouranswer.4.Whichoftheproblemsdescribedin“Environ-mentalDangers”arealsoreferredtoin“BeyondtheHorizon”?AnswerQuestionsJasonMcDougald’sfourth-gradeclassposesforapictureduringavisittoGraybeardWilderness.RobinTynes,ageten,oftengoeshikingwithherfamilyinleafyGraybeardWilderness,anaturepreserveinMontreat,NorthCarolina.“It’sreallyniceandquiet,”shesays.Robin’sfourth-gradeclassatBlackMountainElementarySchoolissofondofGraybeardthattheychoseitastheirpreciousplace.Alotofhikers,backpackers,andmountainbikersfeelthatway,too.Thepreserve’spopularityhascausedproblems.Manyvisitorscreatetheirownpaths,called“switchbacks.”Robin’steacher,JasonMcDougald,explains,“Ifthere’sabendonthetrail,alotofpeoplewillgostraightacrossit”tomaketheirrouteshorter.Theytrampleplantsandcauseerosion.OtherthreatstoGraybeardincludecamperswhocutdowntreesforfirewoodanddeveloperswhobuildhomesnearby.DevelopmentthreatensthenaturalhabitatsofGraybeard’sanimalsandcancausewaterandairpollution.Toprotecttheirpreciousplace,McDougald’sclasshaspresentedprogramsonwaystoenjoythewildernessresponsibly.Theyorganizedagrouptospreadthemessage.Amongtheirtips:Stayonthetrailandleavecampsitesjustasyoufoundthem.TestStrategyThinkandSearchReadontofindtheanswer.Lookforinformationinmorethanoneplace.322TipLookforinformationinmorethanoneplace.Directions:Answerthequestions.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisanopinionthefourth-gradeclasswouldagreewith?AGraybeardWildernessisanaturepreserveinNorthCarolina.BGraybeardWildernessisaquietplace,lovedbyhikers.CItisokaytocutdowntreesinsidethepreserve.DCampingcausessoilerosionandpollution.2.WhataresomethreatstoGraybeardWilderness?AthepeaceandquietBwildernessprogramsCloudnoisesDswitchbacksanddevelopment3.“Switchbacks”aremadebyAparkrangerscreatinghikingtrailsinthewilderness.Banimalssuchasdeerwalkingthroughtheforest.Cpeoplewhodonotstayonthetrailandwhocrushplants.Dwaterrushingdownthemountainandfloodingcampsites.4.HowwillthetipsofferedbyRobin’sclasshelpsaveGraybeardWilderness?5.Doyouthinknaturalhabitatsandwildernessparksshouldbeprotected?Explainyouranswer.STOP323WritetoaPromptTherangersatGreenPlaceStateParkarethinkingaboutallowingsnowmobilerstouseitstrailsinthewinter.Doyouthinkthisisagoodorabadidea?Writeanessaygivingyouropinion.Explainyourreasonsforfeelingasyoudo.HelpSaveOurParkImagineabeautiful,snowyforest.Allisquiet.Suddenly,aloud,whiningengineroarstolife.Asnowmobilewhizzespast,leavingmuddyrutsinthepathandthesmellofgasolineintheair.SnowmobilersshouldbebarredfromusingGreenPlaceStatePark.Theparkisabeautifulandpeacefulplacewherepeoplecangowhentheyarestressedout.Withsnowmobilesaround,beingintheparkislikebeingonthehighway--it’snoisy,smelly,andcrowded.Finally,thehealthoftheenvironmentisatstake.Ifweallowtheparktogodownhill,wemayloseitaltogether.GreenPlaceStateParkwillbecomeunfitasahabitatforwildlife.Theecosystemwillbedisturbed,andthatwillaffecteveryoneinthecommunity.Allpartsofanecosystemdependoneachother--andthatincludespeople!Writing:PersuasiveWritingIstatedmyopinioninmyintroduction.324WritingPromptAcompanywantstobuyalargemeadowinyourcommunityandmakeitintoawaterpark.Therewillbeanentrancefee.Themayorofyourcitywantstheparksdepartmenttobuyitandturnitintoapublicpark.Whichdoyouthinkisthebetteruseoftheland?Writeanessaygivingyouropinionandreasonswhythelandshouldbeawaterparkorapublicpark.WritersChecklistAskyourself,whoismyaudience?Thinkaboutyourpurposeforwriting.Choosethecorrectformforyourwriting.Planyourwritingbeforebeginning.Usedetailstosupportyourmainidea.Besureyourideasareclearandorganized.Useyourbestspelling,grammar,andpunctuation.325