室内空气中低浓度甲醛的化学吸收去除法

??????? 2008 ? 1 ?? 25 ?? 1 ? J Environ Health, January 2008, Vol .25, No.1 ???? : 1001-5914( 2008) 01-0042-03 室 内 空 气 中 低 浓 度 甲 醛 的 化 学 吸 收 去 除 法 ???, ??, ??? ?? : ?? ?????????????????????。?? ??????????????? , ???? ??????????、?????、??铵、??铵、钼?铵、????????????????????。?? ? ???、?????、?????????????? 1、10、100 mg /L 3 ????????????? ?? , ????? ??? 15.9%、74.7%、93.5%;钼?铵???????? 10mg/L ??????? 25%?? , ? 100 mg/L ??????? ? 35%?? ;??铵、??铵??????????????? 7.0%。?? ????????????? , ????? ????????????????。 ??? : ?? ;???? ;???? ;????? ; 铵? ????? : R122.2 ????? : A Remova l of Low Concentration Formaldehyde in Indoor Air by Chemisorption DU Qian-ming, XUQian, GAOCan-zhu. School of Environmenta l Science and Engineer ing, ShandongUniversity, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China Abstract: Objective To remove formaldehyde of the low concentration in the indoor air and purify the indoor air. Methods The concentration of formaldehyde was determined by MBTH spectrophotometry and the removal efficiency of low concentration formaldehyde in the indoor air by using sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium molybdate and potassium permanganate was tested. Results As the concentration of formaldehyde was at 1 mg/L, 10mg/L and 100mg/L respectively, the removal rate of formaldehyde of sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite and potassiumpermanganate was 15.9%, 74.7% and 93.5% respectively. On the acidity condition or alkalescence, potassium permanganate was also effective in removing of the different concentration formaldehyde was 23.8%, 74.7% and 93.5%. Ammoniummolybdate and potassiumpermanganate could remove the formaldehyde by 25.9% and 35.7% when the concentration of formaldehyde was at 10mg/L and 100mg/L. Ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride could not effectively remove the low concentration formaldehyde and the removal rate was under 7.0%. Conclusion On the acidity condition or alkalescence, potassium permanganate is effective in removing of the low concentration formaldehyde in the indoor air. Key words: FormaldehydeY Potassium permanganate[ Sodium sulfite[ Sodiumbisulfite[ Ammonium ???? ?????????????(?? ?? 5 ) ? ??? ?? ?( ) , ? , ????? , ????? ????? ? ???。 ???? ??? , T ( 53 ) 365 6, z@ 【????】 ?? , ??????????? , ?????? ???? , ?????????????????[1]。 ??????????????? [2], ?????? ??????????? , ???????? [3]。?? ?????????????、??????、?? ?????????、??????。?????? ??? , ????, ??????。???????? ??????????, ????????。??? ?????????、??????、????、?? ??????? [4], ???????????。??? ?????????????????????? ????, ????????????。????? ???????????? , ?????????? ????? , ????????????????? ??。?? , ????????????????、? ????、??铵、??铵、钼?铵、??????? ?, ??????????????????。 1 ????? 1.1 ????? ???????? (? 10 ml ??? )? 10 ml ?? ??????????????????。HY-1201 ?????????? ( ??????????? ? ) , ??? , ????????????????? ??? , ?????? 5%。UV-2450 ??????? ??? (?????? )。 ????(Na2SO3, ?????????????) , ?????(NaHSO3, ?????????????) , ??铵 [(NH4) 2SO4, ??????? ], ??铵 (NH4Cl, ??????? ) , 钼?铵[(NH4) 6Mo7O24?4H2O, ??? ? ??? ], ? ??? (KMnO4, ???? ??? ?? ? ) , ??(H2SO4, ???????????) , ??? ? (NaOH, ??????????? ) , 1 g/L???? ( ??-3-??-2-??噻??腙 , Sigma ?? ) , 10 g /L ? ??铵 [N F (SO ) , ??????????]。??? ????? ?? ? 36%?3 %???? (?? ?????????? ) , ?? L ???? , ??? ???至??, ??。???????????。?? ???? ? 5 L ??? , ???? , ? 42? ? : 2 0100 : 1982- : el: 0 1 88 29 E-mail : gaoc sdu.ed.cn H4 e 4 2 : 2.8 ml 8 1 : 0. mol / 10 ml 1 g ??????? 2008 ? 1 ?? 25 ?? 1 ? J Environ Health, January 2008, Vol .25, No.1 ?至 100 ml ???。??????: ? 0.1 g ??? ? , 1 g????, ??至 100 ml ???。 1.2 ???? 1.2.1 ????? ???? ????????? ?, ???????????? , ????????? ?。?? 1 ?? , ??、???????。1 ???? 10 ml ???, 2、3 ????? 10ml ??????。? ??????????? , ????????? 0.2 mg/m3 ??。?????????, ???????? ??????????????, ??? 2 ??。?? ????????????????, ?????? ????????。 ?????????????? , ???? 1 , ? ?? 1 ??????????????( 0.5、1.0、1.5 mg/L)??????。 1.2.2 ???????? ??????????? ????????? 1、10、100 mg /L ? 3 ????? ?。????????????、?????、??铵、 ??铵、钼?铵、????????? , ?????? ????????, ????????。?? 2 ??, 2 ?? 5 ????????????, ?????? ?????????????????? ; 1 ??? ???????????????? ; 4 ????? ? 1 ????????????????。 ????????????????? , ? 3 ? ???????? 6 ??。??????????? ????????。??? 1、10、100 mg/L 3 ??? ??, ????????????????? , ??? ??????????????????????? ???; ?????????????? , ?、??? ????????????。 ?????、???????????, ???? ?????? SO2 ??, ???????????? ??? , ??? 2、5 ????????????, ?? ?? SO2 ?????????。 ???? [5]???? , NH4Cl ???????? , Na2SO3 ???????? , ? NH4Cl ?Na2SO3 ??? ????, ??????????? H2O, ????? ???????????, ?????? 70 %??。 ????????????????, ??????, ???????铵?? 1 g, ??????。 ????, ???????? 10 g/L。????? ??????????致 , ?致?、???????? ????, ????? 5%?? , ??????。 2 ????? 2.1 ??????? ?? 1、2。? 1 ?? , ???????????? ????? , ??????????????。 1?10 ml ??? ; 2、3?10 ml ?????? ; 4?????? ? 1 ????????????? ??????????? ; ?????? ; 、5???? ; 3、6???? ; ???? ? ???????????????? ? 1 ??????? ??(kPa) 101.40 101.40 101.38 ??(?) 19.8 19.0 19.0 ???( mg /m3) 0.233 0.231 0.233 ???(mg /m3) 0.030 8 0.031 9 0.027 3 ? 2 ????????? ???? ( mg /L) 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 ?? (kPa) 101.17 101.85 101.20 101.42 103.10 103.08 ?? (?) 22.0 21.0 21.5 21.5 18.0 17.0 ??? ( mg /m3 ) 0.024 2 0.019 4 0.048 4 0.035 5 0.018 0 0.025 6 ??? ( mg/m3) 0.038 1 0.026 2 0.048 9 0.035 5 0.012 0 0.013 4 ??? ( %) 36.5 26.0 1.02 0 43? ? 1 4 2 7 2 ??????? 2008 ? 1 ?? 25 ?? 1 ? J Environ Health, January 2008, Vol .25, No.1 ? 3 ??????????????? ???? Na2SO3 NaHSO3 ( NH4) 2SO4 NH4Cl NH4Cl+Na2SO3 ( NH4) 6Mo7O24?4H2O KMnO4 ?? KMnO4 ?? KMnO4 ? 2??, ?????????? 1.0mg/L?, ?? ?????????。??????, ???????。 2.2 ?????????? ? 3 ???????????。 ??? (mg /m3) 0.033 9 0.025 3 0.027 2 0.029 6 0.025 3 0.027 0 0.011 4 0.010 1 0.014 7 ??? ( mg /m3) 0.035 6 0.030 1 0.028 3 0.028 4 0.026 7 0.026 3 0.012 4 0.015 6 0.019 3 ??? (%) 4.8 15.9 3.9 5.2 8.1 35.2 23.8 ??? ( mg /m3 ) 0.015 8 0.013 9 0.068 9 0.088 5 0.087 4 0.081 3 0.041 5 0.011 2 0.014 7 ??? (mg /m3) 0.071 4 0.070 6 0.074 1 0.087 4 0.101 0 0.113 0 0.056 0 0.055 2 0.058 1 ??? ( %) 77.9 80.3 7.0 13.4 28.0 25.9 79.7 74.7 ??? ( mg/m3) 0.032 2 0.023 7 0.896 0 0.574 0 0.239 0 0.448 0 0.325 0 0.013 6 0.036 7 ??? ( mg /m3 ) 0.749 0.571 0.906 0.576 0.714 0.697 0.582 0.576 0.563 ??? ( %) 95.7 95.8 1.1 0.3 66.5 35.7 44.2 97.6 93.5 100 mg /L ????1 mg /L?? 10 mg/L ?? ? 3 ?? , ????? 1 mg/L ? , NaHSO3、?? KMnO4 ??? KMnO4 ??? 6 ????????? ????, ??? 15.9%, 35.2%, 23.8%。 ? ? ?? ? 10 mg /L ? , Na2SO3、NaHSO3、? ? KMnO4 ??? KMnO4 ???????????, ?? 74.7%?80.3%??。 (NH4) 6Mo7O24?4H2O ??? ?? 28.0%。 ????? 100 mg/L ?, ?????? 90%? ??? Na2SO3、NaHSO3、?? KMnO4 ??? KMnO4。 ?? NH4Cl ? Na2SO3 ?????, ???????? ??? 1、10 mg /L ????????。(NH4) 6Mo7O24? 4H2O????? 35.7%。 ???? NH4Cl ? (NH4) 2SO4 ??????? , NH4+ ????????, ???????????? ????。?? Na2SO3、NH4Cl ? Na2SO3 ????? ?????? , NH4Cl ? Na2SO3 ????????? ?????? Na2SO3。 (NH4) 6Mo7O24?4H2O ? ?? ? ?? 10、100 mg/L ? ? ? ? ? ? ? NH4Cl、(NH4) 2SO4。 ? ? ? ? [6], (NH4) 6Mo7O24?4H2O ?? Mo7O246+??????? , ? ??????????????? , ??????? ??? , ? NH4+ ????????????? , ?? ????????????。 1984 ? , ? ?? ?? ?? ? , ? ?? ?? ? Na2SO3 ????????????? , ?????? ? 96.2%。?????, ?????? 100 mg/L? , ?? ? Na2SO3 ????? 95.7%?????。? 10 mg/L ? , N SO3 ?????????? %。 ????????? , ??M ??????[ ]? ? , ?????? , ??????? (φθM O M +)? V; ??????, ??????? (φθM O MnO2) ? 0.588 V。???????????????? ??????????? ; ???????????? ?????, ?????????????????? ??????。 3 ?? ????????????, ???????? 1.0 mg /L。????、?????????????? ????????, ??????、???????? ?? SO2 ????, ????????????, ?? ?????????。??铵、??铵??????? ????? ; 钼?铵???????? 100 mg/L?? ????????? , ?????? 35.7% ,44.2%。? ? KMnO4 ??? KMnO4 ???????????? ?????。? 1 mg/L ???????? 20%??, ? 10mg/L?????? 70%。????????? ??????????????????????? ???。 ? ??? : ?? , ??? . ? ??????????????〔J〕. ??? ?? ?? , 2005, 22( 2) : 150- 152. ??? , ??? , ??? , ? . ??????????〔J〕. ???? , 2005, 24( 2) :221- 222. ? ? , ?? ? , ?? ? . ? ???? ???? ???? ???〔J〕. ??????? , 2006, 23(6 ): 524- 526. ? ? , ?? , ??峑 , ? . ???? ??????? ?????〔J〕. ??????????? , 2006, 7 (6 ): 101- 105. ??? , ??? , ?? ? , ?. ???????????〔J〕. ? ?? ??? , 2006, 22( 2) :204- 205. ? ?? , ??? , ?? .?? ????〔M〕. ?? : ???? ??? , 1998: 47- 53. ? ?? ???????????? ??〔〕??? ????? , , ( 3) 3 (???? 5 ) (???? ??) [1 ] [2 ] [3 ] [4 ] [5 ] [6 ] [ ] 44? ? a2 77.9 n 7 n 4 - / n2 2.887 n 4- / . J . 1999 19 : 27- 0. : 2007-10-2 : 7