月出

原文 诗经·国风·陈风 月出 月出皎兮。佼人僚兮。 舒窈纠兮。劳心悄兮。 月出皓兮。佼人懰兮。 舒忧受兮。劳心慅兮。 月出照兮。佼人燎兮。 舒夭绍兮。劳心惨兮。 现代汉语译文 余冠英今译 月儿出来亮晶晶啊，照着美人多么俊啊， 安闲的步儿苗条的影啊，我的心儿不安宁啊。 月儿出来白皓皓啊，照着美人多么俏啊。 安闲的步儿灵活的腰啊，我的心儿突突地跳啊。 月儿高挂像灯盏啊，美人儿身上银光满啊。 腰身柔软脚步儿闲啊，我的心上浪涛翻啊。 高亨 今译 月儿出来白晶晶啊!英俊的人儿身缠大绑绳啊! 橡树盘曲又纵横啊!愁苦的心灵如何悲痛啊！ 月儿出来白汪汪啊!英俊的人儿刀下亡啊! 橡树风吹飕飕响啊!愁苦的心灵跳得慌啊! 月儿出来当空照啊!英俊的人儿被火烧啊! 橡树风吹颤摇摇啊!愁苦的心灵如何惨悼啊! 甘大昕今译 窗子外面已映上了很美的月光啊！ 织女们该又去上夜工啊！ 懒懒地迟而又迟地实在不愿去啊！ 心里想想真难过啊！ 窗子外面的月光又映得高一点亮一点了啊！ 织女们都怨着这迫不得已的日日夜夜十八小时的苦工啊！ 懒懒地迟而又迟地实在不愿去啊！ 心里想想又不得不去啊！ 窗子外面的月光照进屋里来啊！ 织女们向着亮起燎火的工场去上工啊！ 懒懒地迟而又迟地实在不愿去啊！ 心里想想真悲惨啊！ 《月出》主旨 毛诗《序》：《月出》，刺好色也。在位不好德，而说 （悦）美色焉。 朱熹《诗集传》：男女相悦而相念之辞。 方玉润《诗经原始》：此诗虽男女辞，而一种幽思牢愁之意固结莫解。……且从男意虚想，活现出一月下美人，并非实有所遇。（借男女相思为题，以寄托自己内心一种幽隐深微之情。） 高亨《诗经今注》：陈国的统治者，杀害了一位英俊人物。作者目睹这幕惨剧，唱出这首短歌，来哀悼被害者。 闻一多《风诗类钞》：“月下有遇也。” 甘大昕：“织女们去上夜工的时候，所以迟迟吾行由内而外的心理动态。” 杨树森：月下焚巫，祭月祈雨 叶舒宪：宗教仪式 刘士林：“跳月歌”（原诗歌舞）。 English Versions Version 1 Book 12. Songs of Ch’en VIII (143) The erudite moon is up, less fair than she who hath tied silk cords about a heart in agony, she at such ease so all my work is vain. My heart is tinder, and steel plucks at my pain so all my work is vain, she at such ease as is the inquiring moon. A glittering moon comes out less bright than she the moon's colleague that is so fair, of yet such transient grace, at ease, undurable, so all my work is vain torn with this pain.* *A few transpositions but I think the words are all in the text. Trans. Ezra Pound Version 2 The Moon Appears The moon appears, gleams, yea — lovely woman, fine, yea — moves away, graceful, yea — pains my heart, aches, yea — The moon appears, splendid, yea — lovely woman, radiant, yea — moves away, allures, yea — pains my heart, burns, yea — The moon appears, shines, yea — lovely woman, dazzling, yea — moves away, smoulders, yea — pains my heart, forlorn, yea — Trans. David Prager Branner Version 3 Moonrise The moon shines bright; My love's snow-white. She looks so cute. Can I be mute? The bright moon gleams; My lover beams. Can I care For her face fair? The bright moon turns, With love she burns. Can I not pine For her hands fine? Trans. Yangs Moonrise A moon rising white Is the beauty of my lovely one, Ah, the tenderness, the grace! Heart’s pain consumes me. A moon rising bright Is the fairness of my lovely one. Ah, the gentle softness! Heart’s pain wounds me. A moon rising in splendour Is the beauty of my lovely one. Ah, the delicate yielding! Heart’s pain torments me. Trans. Arthur Waley Relevant Theories Pound’s translation … Ezra Pound’s theory of translation focused upon the precise rendering of details, of individual words, and of single or even fragmented images. Rather than assuming the single, unified meaning of the whole work, Pound’s “theory” was based upon a concept of energy in language; the words on the page, the specific details, were seen not simply as black and white typed marks on a page representing something else, but as sculpted images—words ingraved in stone Edwin Gentzler: Comtemporary Translation Theories, P15 The luminous detail The artist’s job is to seek out “the luminous detail” and present it without comment. Pound’s idea about translation was to bring emotion into focus, while remaining true to the source text…Being faithful to the original sequence of images, rhythm and tone, although not the words… The Cambridge Introduction to Ezra Pound 2