中考英语定语从句6

nullnullnull 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。 例： The beautiful girl is Kate. The man has many things to do. 定语从句 在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast is a doctor.null结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子关系词 关系代词: that,which, who,whom,whose 关系副词: when, where, why指物：that which whose 指人：who (主/宾格) that whom(宾格) whosenull关系代词如何引导定语从句 普通代词与关系代词的区别 I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister 普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she) I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. 关系代词： （如上例who/that） 1.代替先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分; 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来）null The building is our school. The building stands by the river. 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。null 关系词判 断 步 骤 : 首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用whose，which或that; 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下null 最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother. (叙述客观事实 用一般现在时) (从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示过去时间)nullnullthe tall the strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tomnull The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. null The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语)  The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.nullThe girl is being taken to a hospital . Her leg was broken in the earthquake .The girl whose leg was broken in the earthquake is taken to a hospital . nullThe boy is holding a dog . He has golden hair . The boy is holding a dog . His hair is golden . The boy is Jim . The boy is holding a dog . The boy who has golden hair is holding a dog.The boy whose hair is golden is holding a dog . The boy who is holding a dog is Jim .nullThe man is shouting for help . His house is on fire . The man is Mr Black . He is shouting for help . The man whose house is on fire is shouting for help.The man who is shouting for help is Mr Black .The man is Mr Black , who is shouting for help .Endnull关系代词 1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如 介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.null关系代词 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.nullapplethe red the green the small the bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.nullCan you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? null4.which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾 语可省略,如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?null1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. 注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at …关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)null定语从句中需 有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which 1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等不定代词时 Here is something( that) I will tell you.null3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I haven’t got much that I can offer you. 5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? null 单项选择。 1. This is the job ______they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park____built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.who were C.which was D.where 3. Who was the grey-haired man ______we saw at yesterday’s meeting? A.how B.who C.where D.which 4. The man ______is painting the house is my uncle. A.he B.which C.what D.who 5. The woman______was here yesterday is a painter. A.which B.who C.its D.whatACBDBnull6. The letter ______that I received from him yesterday is very important. A.what B.who C.that D.whom 7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!I’ll shoot anyone ______moves!” A.what B.which C.who D.he 8.The dictionary_____he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.what C.how D.who 9The boy_____answerd the question is John. A.who B.which C.his D./ 10.The man_______ is smoking is a bus driver. A. how B.that C. which D. whatCCAABnull 根据汉语完成句子： 1.This is the engineer ________________________________ (给我们作关于计算机的) the other day. 2.My necklace is not ________________________________. (唯一不见的东西). 3.The man______________________________________ (在这间房子里工作的)is an English teacher. 4.The old building_____________________________ (我们住的) has been here for 30 years. 5.The history book _______________________________ (封皮是黄的）was lost.who gave us a talk about computersthe only thing that’s missingwho works in the room(that/which) we live inwhose cover is yellownull 根据汉语完成句子： 6.Here is the pen ________________________________ . (你昨天丢失的） 7.This is the best book______________________ _______. (我读过的） 8.I have lost the pen_______________________________. （我父亲给我买的） 9.Wheat is a plant______________________________ ________________________. （中国北方 种植的） 10.I don’t like the people___________________________. (说得多,做得少的） (that)you lost yesterday.(that) I have ever read(which/that) my father bought me which/that is grownwho talk too much but do littlein the north of Chinanull