对外贸易词汇

对外经济贸易 贸易commerce, trade, trading  国内贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade, internal trade, interior trade 国际贸易international trade 对外贸易,外贸foreign trade, external trade  贸易条件terms of trade  自由贸易区free-trade area 进口import, importation  进口商importer 出口export, exportation  出口商exporter  商业渠道commercial channels  海关customs 关税customs duty 配额,限额quota  项目,细目item  买卖,交易commercial transaction  制造商,制造厂manufacturer 中间商,经纪人middleman  经销商dealer 批发商wholesaler  零售商retailer 零售商tradesman  商人 (英)批发商,(美)零售商merchant  受让人,特许权获得者concessionaire, licensed dealer  消费者,用户consumer 顾客,客户client, customer 买主,买方buyer  存货,库存量stocks  购买,进货purchase  销售sale  整批销售,趸售bulk sale  批发wholesale 零售业retail trade 现货cash sale  分期付款购买 hire-purchase  (美作:installment plan) 竞争competition  竞争者competitor  竞争的competitive 不合理竞争unfair competition  倾销差价,倾销幅度dumping profit margin  商标trademark  注册商标registered trademark 总公司, 总店, 总部registered office, head office 国内市场home market 公开市场open market  黑市black market  销售学,销售业务,市场调查marketing  消费consumption  需求demand  销路outlet  报盘,发价offer  垄断monopoly 预测foresight, forecast  预算budget plan 计划编制planning  计划,programme (美作:program) 估价estimation, estimate, valuation  会计师accountant  簿记bookkeeping  簿记师bookkeeper  复式簿记double-entry bookkeeping  单式簿记single-entry bookkeeping 帐簿,会计簿册account book  现金出纳簿cashbook  日记簿journal  帐目,帐单statement of accounts  资产平稳表balance (sheet)  财政年度financial year, trading year  支出和收入income and expenditure, receipts and expenditure, output and input  资产assets 债务,负债liabilities 借方debit  营业额,销售额turnover, volume of business  留存现金,库存现金cash on hand 现金余额,现款结存cash balance  贷方余额credit balance  借方余额,借方差额debit balance  亏空deficit  贸易差额,国际贸易平衡balance of trade  (国际)收支,国际收支差额表balance of payments 成本价cost price  出厂价factory price, manufacturers price  净价,实价net price 船上交货价price free on board  买价,进货价格purchase price  卖价,销售价格sale price  批发价wholesale price  零售价retail price 固定价格fixed price  保证价格guaranteed price  现贷价格,现金价格cash price  市场价market price  优惠价preferential price  单位价格,单价piece price, unit price  物价管制,价格控制price control 最高价maximum price, ceiling price  最低价minimum price  最初成本prime cost, first cost, first price, initial cost, initial price  价格冻结price freeze  限价,限定价格price fixing  物价指数price index  价格下降price fall  价格上涨rise in price  一次(整笔)总付的方法on a lump-sum basis  总括all-inclusive  总数,全额sum  总数,总值amount  汇票bill  (美作:check) 汇票bill of exchange 本票,期票promissory note 估价单,估价发票pro forma invoice  凭单,收据voucher 收据receipt  预付(款项)advance (payment) 现金支付,付现cash payment  延期付款deferred payment, payment by installments  交货付现,货到付款cash on delivery  预付定金down payment  月度付款monthly payment  以实物付款payment in kind 以其真正形式付款payment in specie  归还,调换证券refund, repayment 拖欠款项payment in arrears, outstanding payment  报酬,补偿remuneration  赔偿,补偿compensation  澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA： Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement 摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis 帮助人才脱颖而出help excellent talents find way to distinction 备件spare parts 部长级会议ministerial meeting 采取积极财政政策 proactive fiscal policy 出口创汇型/外向型产业 export-oriented industry 垂直兼并vertical merger 倒爷profiteer　 抵免offset 东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area 东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations 对外项目承包foreign project contracting 反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against …… 防伪标志anti-fake label 放松银根ease monetary policy　 非配额产品quota-free products 非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects 风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment 风险基金venture capital 风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 岗位培训on-the-job training 港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 工程项目engineering project 工业增加值industrial added value 公正合理equitable and rational 固定资产投资investment in the fixed assets 广开就业门路increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment 规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale 国合企业（即国有合作社）state-owned cooperatives 国际清算international settlement 国际收支平衡balance of international payments/ balance of payment 国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment 国家补贴public subsidies 国家鼓励项目projects listed as encouraged by the state 国家科技创新体系State Scientific and Technological Innovation System 国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves 合理引导消费guide rational consumption 横向兼并horizontal merger 坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 货币市场money market 机构臃肿overstaffing in (government) organizations 机构重叠organizational overlapping　 技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development 季节性调价seasonal price adjustments 既成事实established/accomplished facts 减免债务reduce and cancel debts 建材building materials 进口环节税import linkage tax 经常项目current account 经常性的财政收入regular revenues　 竟价投标competitive bidding 就业前培训pre-job training　 控股公司holding company 垃圾融资junk financing 劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises 劳务合作labor service cooperation 累计实现顺差143.4美元accumulatively realizing trade surplus 利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 流动人口floating population　 龙头产品flagship product 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises / unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises 慢性萧条chronic depression　 农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation 盘活存量资产revitalize stock assets 配件accessories 皮包公司flying-by-night company; bogus company 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development 瓶颈制约 “bottleneck” restrictions 企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises 企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses 企业所得税corporate income tax 千年问题、千年虫millennium bug 抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities 清理、修订screen and modify 求同存异overcome differences and seek common ground 商住和公益设施建设commercial, residential and public utility construction 申报reporting system; income declaration system 实行股份制enforce stockholding system 实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors as quals to the Chinese counterparts 市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA Administrative Aspects of Market Access 适销对路的产品readily marketable products　 双重轨制two-tier system / double-track system　 水利water conservation 所有制形式forms of ownership 贪图安逸crave comfort and pleasure　 通货紧缩deflation 通货膨胀inflation 同步增长increase in the same pace 外援方式modality of foreign aid 无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator　 无纸交易paperless transaction　 现代企业制度modern corporate system 消费膨胀inflated consumption　 协议投标negotiated bidding 信息化informationize　 形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场establish an unified, open market with orderly competition 亚欧会议ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting 亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum 亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC：APEC Business Advisory Council 亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program 亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting 亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting 亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center 亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum 亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network 亚太实验室认可合作APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation 亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System 亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure 亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ACTETSME： APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises 亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank 以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis 营业税turnover tax 在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership 债转股debt-to-equity swap 中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan 中介服务组织intermediary service organization 注入新的生机与活力bring new vigor and vitality into 转化经营机制change the method of operation 资本项目capital account 自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999 自由浮动汇率free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate 自驻经营,自负盈亏responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses 走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress shipping service company 船务公司 generic products非商标(非专利)产品 prudent monetary policy稳健的货币政策 deficit spending超前消费 run on banks(到银行)挤兑 domestic support to agriculture 对农业的国内支持 special bonds特种债券 economy of abundance 富裕经济 Animal-based protein动物源性蛋白 dual purpose exports军民两用品出口 dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area北美自由贸易区 global quota全球配额 grandfather clause祖父条款 Animal-derived food动物源食品 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)部门提前自愿自由化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易和投资自由化和便利化