商务英语难词解析汇编

accommodation address 临时通信地址 abandon rate  挂断率（衡量客户服务质量的指标之一，计算方式为：拨入客户服务中心的电话总数中客户因等候时间过长而挂断的电话数目占总数的百分比） 例： By choosing the right on-hold music, the company has reduced abandon rate by 50%. absenteeism 旷工，缺勤 例：Improvements in working conditions helped to reduce levels of absenteeism. absolute interest  绝对产权，绝对权益 例：The company has an absolute interest in the building. academic intelligence  学术方面的才智 例：Phrases such as "solves problems well,""displays interest in the world at large,""accepts others for what they are,""admits mistakes,""is goal oriented," and "converses well" suggest that people focus on the worldly side of intelligence, as opposed to just "academic intelligence. academic smarts 学术方面的才能 例：It's not the usual way of thinking about it - academic smarts-IQ accelerated learning 速成学习 例：Accelerated learning shows that language learning an be fast, effective and enjoyable. access 1 使用，享用权 例1： Access to these files is restricted.    2 : Students have free access to the library's scientific literature. access 2 进入 例：Its acquisition of the group will allow it to gain access to France's railway business. accommodation 1 适应性调节 例：Legislation requires employers to make reasonable accommodations for the handicapped in hiring and other ways. accommodation 2 （应急的）短期贷款 例：We're going to request a short-term accommodations from the bank to cover these payments until we can find other funds accessories 装饰品，首饰，衣饰 例1：I would like to thank you for the interest you expressed in our range of children's and teenage fashion sportswear and accessories. 例2：As Potter-mania sweeps the nation, add a magical touch to your mobile with these fun Harry Potter-themed phone accessories. accessory apartment 附属房（个人独立住宅中供出租的多余房屋） 例：In other countries, accessory apartments are not just tolerated but encouratged.Britain and Germany, for instance, offer tax breaks to homeowners who rent out portions of their houses. accident frequency rate 意外伤亡事故频率（按每百万工作小时计） 例：Steps are being taken to cut down the accident frequency rate. accident report book 事故本 access fee 使用费 例：They have cut the access fee long-distance providers pay to local phone companies. accommodation address  临时通信地址 例:Please write to my accommodation address. account 1 账户 例:When the debt is cleared- as it must be by the time the customer retires- and the account goes into credit, it will attract interest at about 5 per cent. account 2 客户,生意往来关系 例:The firm is one of our major accounts. accountancy 会计工作 例: To her, accountancy was a means to find out about business and be paid at the same time. accounts 1 账目 例:The financial director was accused of falsifying the company accounts. accounts 2 会计部门  即 accounts department 例: She works in accounts. accounts manager 会计部经理 accounts payable 应付账款 例: Accounts payable is created when a firm deals with suppliers who extend credit. accounts receivable 应收账款 例: Assets include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, property and equipment, and patents. achievable 切实可行的,可达到的 例: Your objectives should be relevant to the job you have applied for and achievable. acquire 购入,取得所有权 例: This is Cussons' newly acquired factory in Poland. acquisition 收购 例: The accelerated rate of globalisation has left companies desperately seeking overseas acquisitions in order to remain competitive. across-the-board 全面,全体 例1: They have decided to increase prices by 4% across-the-board. 例2: To save money, identify current problems, and make the old company more dfficient, the new president ordered an across-the-board examination of expenditures and operational procedures in every department. action figure  (仿真)玩具人,活动人 activewear 运动服 例: Lauren has been making activewear and basics like jeans and leather jackets for almost a quarter of a century. activity 经营项目, 经营业务 例: The main activities of the company are manufacturing computer components and direct retailing to consumers Achilles' heel 原意为阿基里斯的脚踵,引申为致命弱点 例: However, an Achilles' heel can usually be found that allows the headhunter to persuade them that they are, in fact, wanting to change. acid test 决定性的考验 例: The acid test is whether or not somebody will actually buy the product. act of God 不可抗力, 天灾, 亦作 force majeure. 例1. Private householders or businessmen insure against burglary, loss or damage by vandalism or "acts of God". 例2. The insurance policy does not cover acts of God. actuals 实际数字(相对于估计的数目) 例: These are the actuals for last year's turnover. actuary 精算师(受雇于保险公司或退休基金公司,根据死亡率和意外事故、火灾、盗窃等的可能性，估计保险风险和费用) 例：Actuaries spend their time working out whether or not an accident will happen and how much it will cost if it does. adaptation 重新打造以适应本土化 例1：Adaptation may need to be made in branding, labeling, and packaging of the product. 例2：Potential risk refers to the level of adaptation required to enter foreign markets. added value 增加值，增值 例：An important aspect of marketing goods like CD players and televisions is possible added value, such as free videos or CDs. addition （某一产品系列中的）新增产品 例：The KR 700 is the latest addition to our range of fax machines. Additional Benefit Funding 附加福利基金（专款） 例：You will be able to use as much as you like of your Additional Benefit Funding to "buy" benefits. add-on 附加装置（可以是硬件或软件，目的为改进或增加功能），附加部分，亦作add-in 例1：It's better to use a computer with add-on/in. 例2：Various add-ons/ins can be purchased to increase the output of the machine. address 1 满足（需求） 例：Every effort is made to address costomer needs. address 2 作正式讲话，发演说，向……汇报 例：The media relations manager addressed shareholders prior to the company's merger with a Swedish company. address 3 处理，解决 例：In an attempt to address this problem, major banks are about to offer start-up packages to assist new business. address book 通讯簿 例：Mke sure you have everybody's name in your address book. addressing machine 通讯地址打印机 adjoining bedroom （两间毗连的）套间 administration charges 行政管理费，亦作administration fees 例: If you're just starting up, many banks offer special packages with no administration charges for the first year. administrative expenses 行政管理费用 例：The secretary's salary, and expenses incurred in the office are shown as administrative expenses. adult day-care centre 成人日托服务中心 例：Adult day-care centres, which provide supervision in a group setting for aged or disabled people who live at home, have multiplied tenfold in the past decade. 好了，今天就不唱歌了，上自习去了 advance 预付款, 垫款 例: I asked for an advance on my salary. advanced orders 预订货量 例: The development of the game has taken two years but advanced orders are impressive. advancement 进步 例: Businesses established in foreign countries should contribute to the social advancement of those countries. advance publicity 前期宣传 例: The product has sold well considering it was not given much advance publicity. advance reservation clerk (酒店)客房预订接待员 例：These major sectors are telecomms, IT, agro-industry and what is termed "welfare". air freight operator 空运公司 例：This air freight operator has no travel service. airline 航空公司 例：I flew with my favourite airline as always. airline business 航空业务 例：Cathay Pacific（国泰航空公司） is in the airline business. OK，so much for today advisory service 咨询服务 例：The bank provides a financial advisory service for all its clients. aero (车辆等)流线型的 例：We lowered the front end for more visibility, and softened the lines for a more aero look. affiliation 1 联营公司 例: We have a number of affiliations throughout the country. affiliation 2 附属机构 例: Please put your name, address and affiliation. advantageous 有利的 例:Applicants with a background in engineering or processing would be highly advantageous. adversarial relationship 长期敌对关系,长期关系紧张 例:Top management called on the company's division heads to start acting like members of the same team rather than displaying an adversarial relationship. advertising agency 广告公司 例: You need to employ an advertising agency to create a product image. advertising business 广告业 例: Dentsu is in the advertising business.(Dentsu日本电通公司) advertising campaign 广告宣传活动 例1: If one advertises excessively, the advertising campaign could suffer from wearout. 例2: The automobile company created a massive advertising campaign to increase interest in its new electric cars. advertising consultancy business 广告咨询公司 例:He now plans to set up his own advertising consultancy business. advertising selection 广告甄选(法) 例: Adervertising selection, which is placing an advertisement in newspaper or magazine, is most suitable for those vacancies which do not require particularly high levels of specialised knowledge. advice note 通知单(供货商给收货人,列明货物性质、数量、运输日期及方式等) 例：We have received an advice note for the goods we ordered. advid 自荐录像带（拟考大学或求职的人将自己的专长或优点录制在录像带上供学校或聘用单位考虑录取或录用） advisory board 咨询委员会 例：You will benefit from establishing an advisory board of experienced business people who can guide you through the growth process. affinity (group) card 团体(组织)卡(志为具有共同背景或是联系 的个人群体,如人事相同专业、校友或退休人员组织等共同使用的信用卡) after-care service 售后服务 例：Make sure that the company you buy from can offer a comprehensive and convenient after-care service. after-sales service 1 售后服务(常用于汽车、电脑、家用电器等耐用消费品) 例：We off a full after-sales service. after-sales service 2 售后服务中心 例：Many large companies in Shanghai have geared themselves to the international conventions and set up after-sales services accepting repairs and dealing with customers' complaints. after-sales warranty 售后保单 against all risks 保全险 例：These are goods insured against all risks. agency 代理行，经销处，公众服务机构，代理公司，中介公司 例：The firm has agencies all over the world. agenda 议程 例：An agenda is a list of things to discuss at a meeting. agent 1 代理商，代理人 例：He is an authorized agent for a large insurance company. agent 2 作用力 例：We believe that business can be a powerful agent for social change. aggressive police-style interview technique 咄咄逼人的警察审犯人式的面谈方式 例：He does not suggest an aggressive police-style interview technique, but insists that close inspection of a curriculum vitae is absolutely essential. aggressive reporting 乐观高估的财务 例: Some financial statements tend to increase income(aggressive reporting), others decrease income( conservative reporting). agribusiness 企业化农业，家业综合企业 例：He works for an agribusiness company. agro-industry （化肥制造、仓库建筑等）农用工业 agency recruitment通过职业介绍所招聘 例：Recruitment in the UK is divided into agency recruitment, advertising or executive search. airlines 航空公司(多用于航空公司名称中) 例: English Royal Dutch Airlines (均大写) air miles 里程奖 亦作 air-miles awards 例1: The attraction of air miles is easy to understand. 例2: Air-miles awards for frequent flyers are one of airline services. air time 通话时间 例: Traditionally, cellar（此处应为cellular,谢谢千千提醒） users have paid the air time for incoming calls as well as outgoing. airways 航空公司(主要用于航空公司名称中) 例: British Airways alcometer酒精检测仪(通过检查呼吸测出血液中酒精含量的仪器),亦作Breathalyzer, drunkometer 例:We are empowered to stop any motorist for routine reasons, and we can ask them to blow into the Alcometer if we think they might be over the limit. all-expenses-paid trip  (由公司出钱的)免费旅行 例: To reward the top sellers, the company is offering them an all-expenses-paid trip to Las Vegas in America. allotment 配股 例: Allotment has been made by random draw because of oversubscription. all-risk policy 全险,综合险,全险保单 例: We have taken out an all-risk policy on the electronic equipment. alternative 非主流的 例: Coca-cola already has 8 per cent of the alternative beverage market. aluminum can 易拉罐, 亦作ring-pull can或pop amalgamate 合并 例:The two firms are amalgamating to increase productivity and save running costs. amenity 1 (常作amenities)便利设施; 生活福利设施 例: The large 17th century house has been tastefully renovated and refurbished to provide all the amenities of a modern conference center. amenity 2 设施齐全的现代化福利生活区 例: This area has been developed into an amenity. American Express 美国运通信用卡 例: Departure-tax stamps can be bought at  airports and post offices with Australian currency or by American Express, Visa or MasterCard. American plan 美式酒店服务(提供住宿、一日三餐及一应服务)，美式收费制（包括缮宿及一应服务费在内的旅馆收费制） 例： American plan includes bed, breakfast, lunch and dinner. amortization 摊销 例： Amortization is the depreciation of intangible assets such as Patents and Goodwill. angle 投资天使，对个人投资者（private investors）的别称，也叫 angel invester 例1：It's important to start networking to find an angel long before you actually need the capital. 例2：Angel investor: An individual investor who has made one or more equity investments in emerging growth technology firms. annoyance 令人讨厌的人或事 例:The target market has viewed the ad so many times that it no longer makes a positive impression, and, in fact, it may make a negative impression in the form of an annoyance. annual general meeting 年度股东大会(根据法律规定每年举行,出席的包括公司成员,股东和董事),简称AGM.口语里也称the yearly shareholders' meeting. 例: The financial results will be announced at the annual general meeting. annualization 年工时制 例: She also said companies might be able to implement the government's measures based on the "annualization" of working hours rather than a calculation week by week. annual production 年产量 例: Within five years annual production went from 20 000 to 230 000 cars and the company founded its first South American subsidiary. annual profit 年收益,年利润 例: The company produces an annual profit of 25 million. annual report 年报 例: An annual report is a document which tells you about the company's performance over the year. appointment 任命,(聘任的)职位 例: There has been a new appointment to the board. appraisal 评价,评估 例: annual appraisal interviews 年度能力评估面试 appointed 1 任命的 例1: Measures are taken to ensure that newly-appointed members of staff are integrated effectively into existing teams.      annual return 年度报表 例: We are in the middle of making our annual return. answering machine 录音电话,等于(英)answerphone 例1:There were three messages on the answering machine. 例2:The answerphone has fourteen minutes' recording time, which is a bonus for any business. anti-fraud technique 防伪技术 antitrust 反托拉斯,反垄断 例: Antitrust laws are a set of laws in the USA that aim to prevent large companies from controling all of the market for their products. any other business 任何其他议题(通常在会议议程末),简称AOB 例1:Is there any other business?    2:You may bring the item up under any other business.    3:As staff holiday arrangement is a bit complicated this time, I don't think we should include it under any other business. aperitif 开胃酒 appeal 吸引力 例:Department stores appeal to people of all age groups, but particularly the 30-50 age category. apple polishing 逢迎,拍马 例:Other employee didn't like him and believed that his recent promotion was more the result of his apple polishing than his actual achivevements. application money 认购新股款项 例:Application money must be returned with the appplication form. appointed 2 布置陈设的,装饰的 例1: This office is well appointed with all the lastest devices.    2: This is a superbly/modestly appointed restaurant. appreciation  增值,升值 例:For investors, innovation has translated into stong earnings growth and stock price appreciation. approach to dialogue谈话方式 例:Different language have their own approach to dialogue. arrival notice到货通知. 例:We have not yetreceived the carrier's arrival notice. articles (在法律事务所)期,律师实习 例:She's doing her articles with a firm in London. A share A股股票(持有者没有投票权的普通股票) 例: But the A shares, off limits to foreign investors, were still among the best performers. Asian crises of the late 1990s 90年代末亚洲金融危机 例:As Asian crises of the late 1990s illustrated, U.S.firms entering international business transactions need to be cautious of foreign governments. as is 按现状出售,概不保证,亦作as seen. 例:The goods are to be sold as is . asking price 索要价,要价 例:Always negotiate, never pay the full asking price. asleep at the switch 玩忽职守,坐失良机 例:Interest rates dropped significantly for a month before climbing back to higher levels, but our finance manager was asleep at the switch and failed to renegotiate our loans. as of 自......起,等于as from 例:I would like to inform you that as of September 6, 2001,the new name for our company will be Sunrise. as per 按照,依据 例:The client requested that we send our report to him on a computer disc, so we wrote a short note to him saying"as per your request, we are sending you our report on disc," and elclosed it with the disc. aspirational group 带领性消费群体,领导性消费群体 例:Our emulates certain reference groups(aspirational groups) whereas one is actually a member of other groups. as seen 看货买卖,现场交易(货物按买者所见现状出售,卖方不保证质量) 例: If you buy at a car auction you take the vehicle as seen. 终于写完了,今天感觉有些累呢,先闪了,大家看看吧 Assembly line 装配线 e.g. He first worked on the shop floor on the assembly line. 他先是在工厂的装配线上工作。 e.g. I hope that all the training programs they run for the staff on the assembly line might have begun to have an effect. 希望那些为工作在装配线上的员工提供的专业培训，如今已经开始发挥作用。 Assembly point 集合地点 e.g. By law, the assembly point in case of fire must be clearly marked. 根据法律，发生火灾的集合地必须有明确的标志。 Assignment 1任务 e.g. She was given a very difficult assignment. 她被分派一项非常艰巨的任务。 Assignment 2 （财产、权益的）转让 e.g. increase or assignment of registered capital 注册资本的增加或转让。 Asset 资产 e.g. The cost of establishing a patent, copyright, or trademark is treated as an asset on the balance sheet. 专利、版权或商标的设立成本在资产负债表上属于资产一类。 Assistant general manager 总经理助理，副总经理 e.g. the assistant general manager will be responsible for everything when the boss is away. 经理不在时，由总经理助理负责全盘事务。 Assistant personnel officer 人事助理 e.g. Thank you for sending me the Job Description for the post of Assistant Personnel Officer. 感谢您寄来的有关人事助理一职的工作说明。 Associate 同事，伙伴 e.g. If necessary, we would like to invite one of your associates to join us. 必要时我们将邀请你的一名同事一起参加我们的这项研究工作。 Assume 承担（义务、债务） e.g. As part of the agreement, the new buyer assumed all debts of the old company. 作为的一部分，新的买家承担了以前公司的全部债务。 At short notice 提前很短时间通知 e.g. I was asked to come at very short notice. 他们让我接到通知立刻就去。 Attendance 出勤率 e.g. the employee’s attendance was so poor that he was fired after six months. 那个雇员的出勤率极差，6个月之后就被解雇了。 Attest 证明某事真实可信 e.g. The  government investigators required the company’s accountants to attest to the accuracy of their reports.政府调查官员要求公司的会计师证实他们的报告准确无误. Attitude research 倾向调查,民意调查 e.g. The results of the attitude research show a strong brand loyalty. 民意调查结果显示人们高度信赖品牌. Attorney 法律事务代理人, 律师 e.g. We need to use attorneys and other specialists in the area to smooth the way and prevent mistakes. 我们需要使用法律事务代理人和业内专家帮助铺平道路,避免出错. Attrition 人员自然损耗,人员自然削减 (如自然退休, 死亡等，而不是人为的辞退,裁员 Let's do better than our best! 独乐乐,不如与人乐乐~~~~~~ Attrition 人员自然损耗,人员自然削减 (如自然退休, 死亡等，而不是人为的辞退,裁员) e.g. By a quite practice of attrition we were able to reduce our staff size and cut our annual expenses while not firing anyone and risking a decrease in employee morale. 通过正常的人员自然损耗,我们得以减少员工人数并削减年度费用, 同时也避免了因采取解聘行为而导致员工士气降低的风险. Audio conference 电话会议 Attribute 品质, 特性 e.g. They have the appropriate attributes for effective team leadership. 他们具备有效领导团队的应有品质。 Audio typing 听录音打字 e.g. Because my boss is away from the office a lot he often dictates on to a cassette tape, so I have to learn audio typing. 因为我老板难得在办公室，常常把话留在口述记录机里，因此我得学会听录音打字。 Audit 审计 e.g. The audit is known, colloquially, as “checking the book.” 审计，就是人们平时口头上说的查帐。 Auditor 审计员，审计师，稽核员 e.g. The auditor is responsible for checking the reason for any changes in the accounts. 审计员负责核查账目中任何改动的原因。 Authorized dealer 特约经销商， 授权经销商 e.g. The applicant company is appointed by Ford Motor Company as an authorized dealer. 该申请公司被指定为福特汽车公司的特约经销商。 Authorized share capital 法定股本，也称作nominal capital e.g. The company is allowed to issue a total amount of shares known as the authorized share capital or nominal capital. However, the issued capital may be less than that. 公司获准发行一定数目。 Auto hire company 汽车出租公司 Auto insurance 汽车保险 e.g. For auto insurance, this information includes complete driving history-accidents or tickets-the kind of car, and the purposes for which it is to be used. 办理汽车保险所需信息包括完整的驾车历史记录—事故或罚单记录—以及车的种类、用途等。 Automatic feed （复印机）自动进纸功能，自动送纸功能 e.g. there is an automatic feed. You can enlarge and you can do double-sided copying. 它有自动送纸功能，可以放大，也可以进行双面复印。 Automatic redialing （电话、传真号码）自动重拨 e.g. This is a model with automatic redialing. 这种型号的电话具有自动重拨功能。 Automatic right 理所应当享有的权利 e.g. Should we have a