剑桥主体五级阅读难句背诵例句精选

听力课堂http://www.tingclass.net 专注英语听力练习,是国内最受欢迎的开放式英语学习网站,提供海量英语听力mp3下载 　　　剑桥主体五级阅读难句背诵例句精选 　1.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number ofdescendants an individual will have andhence the number of gene copiestransmitted. 　　那种性别比例能在最大水平上增添一个个体所能拥有的儿女数目，并是以能在最大水平上增添速传递到儿女身上去的基因复制品的数目。 　　2.Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic andrisky ones. 　　哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的氖亟谙着的无能，无法节制好那结不尽不异的创作感动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培育和维持那些富于朝气活力和风险性强的创作感动。 　　3.Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly beenignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the “poetic“ novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. 　　弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫在创作《黛洛维夫人》时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述，迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略，因为它凸起反映了她诸多文学乐趣中某一方面，而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家所形成的传统看法迥然不同。所谓的“诗性”小说家，所关注的是审阅想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状况，并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。 　　4.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference，revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy. 　　虽然古特曼认可，因为奴隶生意而造成的被迫离散甚为频仍，但他仍是证实，奴隶的偏幸——在那些奴隶生意并不频仍的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大水平上着重于不变的一夫一妻制。 　　5.Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouragedthe transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. 　　古特曼人令人信服地论辨黑人家庭的不变有助于搜罗平易近间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关主要的浸染，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不竭地从其非洲和美洲的履历中予以丰硕成长。 　　1.This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived fromWest African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. 　　古特曼暗示，这种对于外部通婚的偏幸很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的划定，尽管这些划定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽不异，但都涉及到某种对近亲联婚的禁止。 　　2.His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition，“ can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jewsin medieval Europe. 　　该社会学家的命当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能合用，但他对种族成见所下的界说——即“以种族为基本的、针对某个群体的消级的祖先之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地域则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的仇视立场。 　　3.In large part as a consequence ofthe feminist movement，historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women invarious periods. 　　在很大水平上，因为女权主义行为的缘故，史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注重力，来更为切确地确定妇女在各个历史时代的地位。 　　1.Thus，for instance，it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom，but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin，magnetic dipole，and relativistic effects;and that this correctedequation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set ofquantum field-theoretical equations. 　　是以，举例来说，对数学家而言，体味到下述气象可能会令其惊诧不已，即薛定谔的氢原子方程式并非是对该原子作出的一种绝然正确的描述，而仅仅是个近似值，趋近于一个在某种水平上更为正确的将自旋、磁性偶极子、以及相对论效应考虑在内的方程式 　　2.The physicist rightly dreads precise argument，since an argument that isconvincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions onwhich it is based are slightly changed，whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. 　　物理学家惊骇于那些切确无误的论据不无事理，因为某种只有在它是切确无误的前提下才令人置信的论据，一旦它赖于成立其上的假设稍有转变，便会失踪去它一部的浸染;而与此相反，一个尽管并不切确无误但却令人置信的论据，在其根基假设稍微受干扰的情形下，仍然有可能是站得住脚的。 　　3.However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. 　　开初，蓝袜女们确实模拟了法国沙龙女主人，将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则，跟着她们获得的凝聚力，她们渐趋将自己视作一女性集体，并拥有了一种妇女团结意识，而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存，因为她们每小我在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立阻遏距脱离来。 　　4.As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed with the functionalsimilarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them. 　　跟着我的研究不竭深切，我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能近似性印象愈来愈深刻，而对结构上的差异印象愈发冷淡，虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎组成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。 　　5. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise. 　　虽然小说无疑发源于政治情状，但其则是以非意识形态的体例对这些政治情状作出反映的，而将小说和故事首要地算作意识形态的工具来切磋，会在相当水平上阻碍小说事业。 　　1.Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying to forge，a different kind of aesthetic? 这事实是一种缺陷呢，或者是否剖明，这些是在按照一种分歧凡响的美学系统进行创作，抑或是在试图创立一种分歧凡响的美学系统? 　　2.Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in theprocess some fascinating and little-known works like James WeldonJohnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. 　　《黑人小说》考绩了极为普遍的一系列小说，在此过程中让我们注重到了某些令人入神但却鲜为人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韦尔登。约翰逊的《一个曾经是有色人的自传》。 　　3.Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths， where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through，they absorb some of the longer-wavelength，infrared emissions radiated from the Earth’s surface，radiation that wouldotherwise be transmitted back into space. 　　虽然这些分子许可可见波长的辐射——阳光的绝大部门能量就汇集于此——不受否决地穿透，但它们却会领受某些较长波长，亦即从地球概况辐射出的红外发射，这种辐射若不是二氧化碳的缘故就会被从头输送回太空。 　　4.The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictatingthe details of human behavior but oneof imposing constraints—ways offeeling，thinking，and acting that“come naturally“ in archetypal situations in any culture. 　　这些人类学家所归诸于生物进化的浸染，不是划定人类行为的各种细节，而是将各类限制强加于人类——即在任何文化的典型情景中城市“自然吐露”的激情、思维、以及步履体例。 　　5.A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazershad removed most of the algae. 　　在存在大量食草动物的同时却只有少量的水藻花粉囊，这暗示出——但没能证实——食草动物已吞噬了大部门水藻。 　　1.Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community graz-ing rates by measuring feeding rates ofindividual zooplankton species in thelaboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditionsusing the known population densityof grazers. 　　由哈格雷夫和吉恩所进行的研究，对自然前提下的群落食草比例进行了估量，其手段是经由过程测量进场试室内零丁的浮游动物种类的结食比例，然后操作已知的食草动物种群密度，计较出实地状况下的群落食草比例。 　　2.In the periodsof peak zooplankton abundance，that is，in the late spring and in the summer，Haney recorded maximum daily com-munity grazing rates，for nutrient-poorlakes and bog lakes，respectively，of 6.6 percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production. 　　在浮游动物数目激增的高抛却，亦即在春季后期以及夏日，哈尼记实了最大水平上的每日群落食草比率，对于营养物不充沛的湖和池沼湖而言，分袂为每日浮游植物滋生量的6.6%和114%. 　　3.The hydrologic cycle，a major topic in this science，is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes，beginning as atmospheric water vapor，passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation，thence along and into the ground surface，and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration. 　　水文轮回，作为钙揭捉科中的一个首要课题，指的是水所经由的诸现象的整个轮回过程，起头时是作为大气中的水蒸气，转而作为雨、雪、露、雹一类的降水量经由液体和固体形态，由此而沿着地层概况分布或进入地层概况，最终经由过程蒸发和散爆发用再度回覆到大气水蒸气的形态。 　　4.The historian Frederick J. Turner wrote in the 1890’s that the agrarian discontent that had been developingsteadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated by theclosing of the internal frontier——that is，the depletion of available new landneeded for further expansion of the American farming system. 　　史学家弗雷德里克.杰.特纳于十九世纪九十年月著述美国约自18世纪70年月以来一向在持续不竭成长的农人不满，因为国内边远地域的封锁而更趋加剧——亦即是说，美国农业系统进一步扩展所必需的可资操作的新土地几近耗竭。 　　5.In the early 1950’s，historians who studied preindustrial Europebegan， for the first time in large numbers，toinvestigate more of the preindustrial European population than the or 3 percent who comprised the politicaland social elite：the kings，generals，judges，nobles，bishops，and localmagnates who had hitherto usually filled history books. 　　二十世纪五十年月早期，研究前工业化时代欧洲的史学家，初度以众多的人数，起头发芽拜访前工业化时代欧洲进口中的大大都，而非那些组成了政治与社会精英阶级的百分之二或三的进口，即国王、快要、法官、贵族、主教、以及处所上的达官显贵，而恰是这部门人一向到那时为止普遍充溢于史学著作。 　　1.Historians such as Le Roy Laduriehave used the documents to extract casehistories， which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups and have revealed how the authorities administered justice. 　　象勒罗伊。拉迪里一类的史学家操作这些文献史料从中挖掘出某些个案史来，阐了然分歧社会群体的立场，并揭示出邓钊是若何执行审讯的。 　　2.My point is that its centralconsciousness—its profound understanding of class and genderas shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage，a heritage that，in general，has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics. 　　我的论点是，其作品的中心意识——它将阶级和性别作为人们糊口的抉择性影响而作出的艰深理解——在很大水平上借鉴了阿谁早期的文学遗产，而这一遗产就总体而言还尚未获得大大都今世文学评论家的足够正视。 　　3.But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living andnonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly. 　　可是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取心理特征的需要匹配，需要某种常识，即什么样的分子节制着细胞彼此间的连系——而对这一规模，我闷蟠进行充实的试探。 　　4.Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of law—notwithstanding，of course，aconsiderable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the otherof them as far as subject matter and positive enactments are concerned—that its study is indispensable in order toappreciate adequately the full range ofpossible legal phenomena. 　　伊斯兰法是一种如斯分歧于所有其它法令形式的现象——毋庸置疑，尽管就其首要内容和有积极意义的律例而言，与其它法令形式中的这种或那种形式存在着相当数目的且不成避免的巧合相似之处——甚至于对它进行研究便显得不成或缺，以便充实理解有可能存在的法令现象的全数规模。 　　5.Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora ， the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud， one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora. 　　尽管从历史角度来看，在古代以色列作为自力主权国家的犹太教法与大流散时代的犹太教法之寄放在着一个了了可辨的断裂，然则，《旧约全书》后半部门中法令内容的精神与《犹太教法典》极为一脉相承，而所谓的《犹太教法典》，是指大流散时代犹太教法的首要典籍辑录之一。 　　1.Islam，on the other hand，represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism that preceded it;Islamic law is the result of an examinationfrom a religious angle，of legal subject matter that was far from uniform，comprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-IslamicArabia and numerous legal elements taken over from the non-Arab peoples of the conquered territories. 　　另一方面，伊斯兰教则代表着与此前存在的阿拉伯异教的一种根柢上的决裂;伊斯兰法是从宗教的角度，对各类杂乱无章、绝无配合点的法令内容进行考绩所致的结不美观，而这些法令内容现实上是由前伊斯兰阿拉伯国家法令的不尽不异的组成部门以及由从被征服的土地优势阿拉伯平易近族借鉴过来的无数法令身分所组成。 　　2.One such novel idea isthat of inserting into the chromosomes of plants discrete genes that are not a part of the plants’ natural constitution：specifically，the idea of inserting into nonleguminous plants the genes，if they can be identified and isolated，that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Hence，the intensified research on legumes. 　　这其中的一个新奇思惟就是，在植物的染色体内注入并非是该植物自然机关一个部门的那些不联的因基：具体而言，这一思惟是，在非豆科植物内注入这样一些基因，借使倘使这些基因可被辨识出来并被分分开来，而这些基因业已使豆科植物宜于充任那些具备固氮浸染的细菌的寄主。由此，对豆科植物的研究日趋深切。 　　3.It isone of nature’s great ironies that the availability of nitrogen in the soil frequently sets an upper limit on plant growth even though the plants’ leavesare bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas. 　　下述气象真可谓是自然界的一个莫大嘲讽：土壤中所能获得的氮肥量往往对植物的发展组成了一个上限，虽然植物的叶子被洗澡在一片氮气的海洋中。 　　4.Unless they succeed，theyield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes inlegumes that equip those plants to enterinto a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identified and isolated，and even if the transfer of those gene complexes，once they are found， becomes possible. 　　除非他们能取得成功，否则的话，绿色概缦泓的产量收益将在很大水平上损失踪殆尽，即使豆科植物中使这些植物有前提进入到与固氮细菌共生关系的基因可被辨识出来和分分开来的话，且即使这些基因综合体，一旦被发现之后，其移植得以成为可能的话。 　　5.Its subjectis “life-as-spectacle，“ for readers， diverted by its various incidents，observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragic Iliad，however，presents “life-as-experience“：readersare asked to identify with the mind ofAchilles，whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero. 　　其主题〔若借鉴梅纳德。迈克的两个分类规模的话〕是“人生作为外部气象”，因为读者的注重力被作品那形形色色的事务所分手，主若是从外部来不雅察看其主人公奥德修斯的;然而，富于悲脚色彩的《伊利亚特》所默示的则是“人生作为心里体验”：读者被要求与阿基琉斯的心灵发生共识，而其行为念头却致使他变作一个并非出格惹人喜爱的主人公。 　　1.Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement： before maturity one eye migrates，so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head. 　　在一条成年比目鱼身上显著存在的诸多不合错误称特征中，最为吸人注目的是眼睛的摆位：在成涫之前，一只眼睛发生移动，是以在成年比目鱼身上，两只眼睛均位于头部的统一侧面。 　　2.The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands，islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system， whose source，mostgeologists contend，is the upper mantle. 　　对于地幔分层论点来说，最好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实，即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流——上发现的火山岩石，是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根柢分歧的物质组成的，而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因，大大都地质学家论辩为上部地幔。 　　3.Some geologists，however，on the basis of observations concerning mantlexenoliths， argue that the mantle isnot layered，but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in “incompatible elements“ percolating upward and transformingportions of the upper mantleirregularly，according to the vagaries of the fluids’ pathways. 　　可是，某些地质学家，以对地幔捕虏岩体所作的不雅察看为依据，指出地幔并非是分层枚举的，相反，地幔的异质性是由那些富含“不相容成分”的流质组成的，这些成分趋向于流体而非固体的状况，自下而上渗入扩散，并遵照这些流质流向的肆意性，犯警则地将上部地幔的某些部门予以改变。 　　4.The very richness and complexity of themeaningful relationships that keptpresenting and rearranging themselveson all levels，from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings， made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently. 　　各类有意义的联鲜ё仝所有的条理上，自抽象的理性至深刻的梦幻般的激情，层出不穷并不竭从头组号缦愣举;恰是这些有意义的联系的丰硕性和复杂性，致使普鲁斯特难于将它们错落有致地放置好。 　　5.It is possible to make specific complementary DNA’s that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA’s of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones，the cells will contain these Mrna’S. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them，then the cDNA’s should still bind tothese mRNA’s，but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the true hormones. 　　科学家可以制造出特异的互补DNA’s，以此作为分子探子，探觅出肽激素的信使RNA’s。如不美观大脑正在制造着肽激素，则细胞就会含有这些信使RNA’s.假若细胞所制造的产物近似于肽激素但并非与这些肽激素全然不异，那么，互补cDNA’s应仍然和这些信使mDNA’s粘结的水平。含有这些mRNA’s的脑细胞然后就可以被分分开来，研究者可对其信使RNA’s进行解码，以确定它们的卵白质产物事实是什么，并确定章些卵白质产物在何种水平上近似于真正的肽激素。 　　1.The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be much faster than the immunological method because it cantake years of tedious purifications to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them. 　　采用cDNA探子来测定肽激素的这一分子生物学体例同时也应该比免疫学的体例速度来得快，因为对于免疫的体例来说，需破耗好几年死板的提纯历程，方能将肽素分手了出来，然后再培育出针对它们的抗血清。 　　2.This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to glacial and interglacial periods，ratherthan on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits. 　　这一序列演替所依据的，主若是一系列与冰川期和间冰期并不直接的地质沉积物和地质事务，而不是依据更为普遍的现代体例，去研究间冰层中所发现的生物残留物，而这些间冰层自己又在冰川沉积物发生间层化。 　　3.There have been attempts to explain these taboos in terms of inappropriate social relationships either between those who are involved and those who are not simultaneously involved in the satisfaction of a bodily need，or between those already satiated andthose who appear to be shamelessly gorging. 　　人们试图对这些禁忌作出诠释，所依据的要么是那些正置身于某一身体需要知足的人与那些并置身于某一身体需要之知足的人之间的，要么是那些早已酒足饭饱的人与那些正在不知耻辱地风卷残云失踪之间的不相等的社会关系。 　　4.Many critics of Family Bronte’s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments on，if it does not reverse，the first part，where a “romantic“ reading receives more confirmation. 　　研究艾米丽。勃朗特小说《呼啸山庄》的良多文学评论家，将小说的第二部门视作一种对比物，即使没有将第一部门予以逆转的话，也是在对第一部门作出一种诠释评判，而在小说第一部门中，一种“浪漫的”的读解能获得更为充实简直证。 　　5.Granted that the presence of these elements need not argue an authorial awareness of novelistic construction comparable to that of Henry James， their presence does encourage attempts to unify the novel’s heterogeneous parts. 　　诚然，这些身分的存在并不能证实对小说架构的意识可与亨利。詹姆斯的那种意识对比拟;然则，任何力争将小说所有形形色色的身分统一路来的做法，在某种水平上注定是无法令人信服的。