部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线

部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线 建筑设施的自动化体系属于一套中央控制体系，它经过对建筑物 (或者是建筑群)里的各类设施等实行集中控制,实现在保证建筑物内 的环境舒心，同时反复思考，尽可能的提倡能源节省及环境保护的情 况下,让建筑物中的各类设施的运行状态和使用效率都实现最优化利 用。下面主要将建筑设施的自动化体系的设计方法详细分析如下: Construction of automation system belongs to a central control system, it passes through the buildings (or structures) in the centralized control, for all kinds of facilities in guarantee building environment comfortable, repeatedly thinking at the same time, as much as possible, promote energy saving and environmental protection, let building facilities of all kinds of running state and optimize utilization efficiency. The main facilities of the building will design method of automation system of a detailed analysis is as follows: 1 建筑设施的自动化体系的电源设计 1 the construction of automation system of power supply design 中央监控室应该从变配电所延伸出专门的回路来供电,中央监控 室内设置专项使用的配电盘。负荷等级须超过其所处的建筑内的最大 www.ytzgjx.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.jinanjinyou.com 负荷等级;一般来说，体系供电的电源电压应小于?10%,频率改变值 不超过?1Hz,波形的失真率不超过20%;用于中央管理的计算机应该 配备UPS持续供电设施,它的容量必须包含建筑设施自动化体系内的 用电设施总和，同时满足相应的拓展容量,供电的时间至少为30分钟; 现场监控器的电源需符合以下条件:(1)包含CPU的现场监控器,一定 要配备足够的备用电池组,使现场监控器的运行时间超过72小时,确 保停电期间的持续供电。(2)?类体系(650点,4999点),如果中央监控 室设置UPS持续供电设施的话,则现场的电源是由UPS持续电源集中 提供，一般采用的供电形式是放射式或者是树干式;(3)?类体系(1 点,649点),现场监控器的电源可以由现场附近的动力盘组成的专项 回路提供。 The central control room should extend from distribution by a special circuit to the power supply, the central monitoring indoor panel set up special use. Load level must exceed its maximum load of the building level; In general, the voltage of power supply system power supply should be less than + / - 10%, not more than plus or minus 1 hz frequency change values, waveform distortion rate of no more than 20%; Used for central management of computer should be equipped with a UPS continuous power supply facilities, its capacity must include building automation systems in electricity infrastructure facilities, at the same time meet the expanded capacity, power supply time for at least 30 minutes; www.tahdmm.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.sdshengqi.com Field monitor of power supply need to meet the following conditions: (1) includes on-site monitor CPU must be equipped with enough battery backup, make time for the monitor to run more than 72 hours, to ensure continuous power supply during power outages. (2) ? class system (650 ~ 4999), if the central control room set UPS for the power supply facilities, is the scene of the power supply is provided by UPS continuous supply, generally in the form of electricity is radial or trunk type; (3) ? class system (1 ~ 649), the monitor's power can be composed of power plate near the scene of the special circuit to provide. 2 中央监控室的选址和室内设施布位 2 the locations of the central control room and indoor facilities 中央监控室最好距离监控的负荷中心非常近,应该距离变电所或 者电梯机房以及水泵房等可能出现较强的电磁扰动的场所至少15m。 中央监控室的上方和相邻位置没有用水或者比较湿润的机房和房间; 室内监控台的前面应该留下一定的操作空间，一般为1.5m,监控台离 墙设置时,台后应该至少留1m的检修空间,同时防止免阳光的垂直照 射;如果监控台横向排列的总距离大于7m时,应该分别在两端留出至 少1m的通道;中央监控室最好使用抗静性能较好的电架空活动地板, 其高度应该大于20m。 www.ytzgjx.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.jinanjinyou.com Monitoring the load center of central control room the best distance is very close, should from the substation or elevator machine room and water pump house and places of strong electromagnetic disturbance may occur at least 15 m. The upper part of the central control room and the adjacent position without water or wet rooms and rooms; Indoor monitor console should leave some space in front of, usually is 1.5 m, monitoring station set up off the wall, should leave at least 1 m after the maintenance space, prevent from sunshine vertical irradiation at the same time; If monitor horizontal alignment of the total distance is greater than 7 m, should respectively at both ends to set aside at least 1 m channel; The central control room it is best to use static resistance better electricity raised floor, its height should be greater than 20 m. 3建设设施电气控制体系的设计 3 construction facilities design of electrical control system 3.1电气控制体系的特征 3.1 characteristic of the electric control system www.tahdmm.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.sdshengqi.com 电气控制体系主要负责监控被保护设施的运营情况及电气设施 有可能出现的各种各样的故障，同时确保出现故障时，马上切断故障 设施的电源，避免事故向更为严重的方向发展。电气控制体系的一般 组成及工作原理于过程自动化体系的原理十分相似，包括各种物理量 参数的测试、逻辑判别以及执行部分等。测量部分负责把被保护设施 的运行情况及运行的状态参数输送给控制体系，然后控制体系把各种 参数用各种形式进行显示，同时坚持对比检测参数与整定值，用来推 断被保护设施的运行状况。如果逻辑判别结果是电气体系或者被保护 设施出现故障的话，控制体系会把输出的保护信号传送给执行部分， 让保护装置运作，执行部分则负责把逻辑信号放大并进行转换，然后 按照逻辑命令实行监控任务。 Electrical control system is mainly responsible for monitoring protection facilities operation and electrical facilities may appear all kinds of faults, at the same time ensure that fails, immediately cut off the fault of power supply facilities, prevent accidents to develop in the direction of more serious. General composition and working principle of electric control system in the process is very similar to the principle of the automation system, including a variety of physical parameters of the test, discriminant and execute the logic part, etc. Measurement part is responsible for the operation of the protected facilities and operation state parameters to control system, and then control the system to display www.ytzgjx.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.jinanjinyou.com various parameters in various forms, and at the same time, adhere to the contrast test parameters and the setting value, is used to infer the running state of protected facilities. Discriminant result if the logic is the electrical system malfunction or be protected facilities, the protection of the control system will reduce the output signal transmitted to the executive part, get protective device to work, perform part is responsible for the logic signal amplification and conversion, and then shall carry out the monitoring task in logical order. 电气体系的控制参数一般包含电压、电流或者功率、电量和频率、 相位等，测量方法、信号种类、监控对象和仪表的自动化专业的差别 非常大，特别是执行部分，主要是一些接触器、继电器或者电磁机构 等。电气控制体系对体系中的各种物理量参数监控较多，一般不进行 人工干预操作，普通体系是独立装设自动保护装置的。 Electrical system control parameters generally include voltage, current, or power, power and frequency, phase, such as measurement, signal type, monitoring objects and instrument automation of difference is very big, especially in the implementation part, mainly is some contactor, a relay or solenoid, etc. Electrical control system for various physical parameters of system monitoring is more, are generally not artificial intervention operation, the normal system is independently installed automatic www.tahdmm.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.sdshengqi.com protection device. 3.2建筑设施的自动化体系控制点的统计 3.2 the construction of automation system control points 按照不同工种设施进行选型,反复核查某一指定控制点的执行控 制的技术的可操作性;建筑设施自动化体系控制可以采用编制控制点 总表来展开统计,规模比较小的体系可以编制一个控制点的总表,规模 属于中型或者中型以上的体系应该根据不同的对象体系编制许多的 控制点表,构成控制控点的总表;编制控制点总表须符合以下几方面 的条件:(1)可以给通信道路提供参考根据;(2)可以给体系硬件以 及常用软件应该如何布置提供相应的参考根据;(3)为划分和确定现场 控制提供依据;(4)可以为体系能够用简单、快捷的键盘操作指令实施 访问与调用拥有规范的显示和记录文本创设条件。 (4)建筑 设施自动化体系控制点总表的格式。在编制控制点的总表的过程中, 应该用现场监控器作为单位,按照模拟输入或数字输入以及模拟输出 或数字输出等类型分别进行统计。 Carried out in accordance with the different type of work facility selection, cross-checking executive control of a specific control points of technical operability; Building automation system control facilities can www.ytzgjx.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.jinanjinyou.com prepare a list of the control points always is used to statistics, the relatively small size of the system can compile a control point total table, size medium or medium above system should be according to the different object system of the control points of many tables, constitute a control point of the table; Prepare a list of the control points always must meet the requirements of the following aspects: (1) the can communication way to provide the reference to plan according to the; (2) can be assigned system hardware and software should be how to provide the corresponding reference basis; (3) provide the basis for dividing and determine the control; (4) for the system to be able to use simple, shortcut keyboard instructions to implement access to call has a standard format text to create reports and records to show. (4) building facilities automation system control points total table format. In the process of prepare a list of the control points of the total, should use the monitor as a unit, according to the analog input or digital input and analog output and digital output types, respectively. 4现场监控器的布置原则 Four scene monitor layout principles (1)现场监控器的布置应该从下面几个方面进行考虑:a.体系的管 www.tahdmm.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.sdshengqi.com 理方法;b.安装调试检修便捷;c.满足经济性。通常根据机电体系的 平面设置实行划分。 (2)现场监控器必须距离输水管道比较远,防止管 道或者阀门出现跑水现象,对控制盘也造成一定的影响。对于比较湿 润或者存在蒸汽的场所,应该采用一些防潮或者是防结露等方法。 (3) 现场监控器应该与电机、电缆以及大电流母线保持至少1.5m的距离， 用来防止电磁影响。如果不能符合相关的条件时，一定要使用比较可 靠的屏蔽方法或者是接地措施。(4)现场监控器通常可以选择使用壁挂 式的结构,在设施比较集中的机房监控模块非常多时,可以选择落地的 柜式结构,同时保证柜前的操作净距至少为1.5m。 (5)现场监控器的 位置选取最好比较集中,通常设置在机房里或者时弱电小间里,用来满 足末端元件的距离最短的原则(通常是小于50m)。(6)每台现场监控器 的输入或者是输出接口的个数和类型都应该和其所监控的设施的相 关保持一致，同时留出一定的余量，一般为10%,20%。 (1) the scene monitor layout should consider from the following several aspects: a. system management method; B. Installation and maintenance is convenient; C. meet economy. Usually divided according to mechanical and electrical system of the plane is set. (2) the scene monitor must be relatively far from the water pipe, to prevent the occurrence of running water pipe or valve phenomenon, also cause certain effect to control panel. For wet or there is the place of steam, should adopt some moisture or preventing condensation method. (3) the site should monitor and motor, www.ytzgjx.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.jinanjinyou.com cable, and big current bus bar to keep a distance of at least 1.5 m, used to prevent electromagnetic effect. If not in conformity with the relevant conditions, be sure to use reliable screening methods or grounding measures. (4) the scene monitor can usually choose to use the structure of the wall, in the relatively centralized computer room monitoring module is very long, can choose to be born cabinet structure, at the same time guarantee the ark before the operation of the net distance of at least 1.5 m. (5) the scene monitor the position of the selected best more concentrated, usually installed in the engine room or in the weak current small room, to meet the element at the end of the principle of shortest distance (usually less than 50 m). (6) each field monitor the number and type of input or output interface should be and the monitoring of consistent with the requirements of the relevant facilities, to set aside a certain allowance at the same time, the average is 10% ~ 20%. 4 建筑设施的自动化体系的布线方法 4 buildings automation system wiring method 建筑设施自动化体系的线路有:电源线、信号线以及网络通讯线。 (1)信号线通常使用线芯的截面积为1.0mm2或者1.5mm2的常规铜芯 导线或者监控电缆。至于信号线使用软线和屏蔽线必要与否需按照具 www.tahdmm.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.sdshengqi.com 体的监控体系及监控要求综合考虑。(2)电源线通常使用BV-(500V)， 2.5mm2的绝缘线，原材料为铜芯聚氯乙烯。(3)至于网络通讯线应使 用哪类计算机局域网或者建筑设施自动化体系在数据输送率、今后可 兼容性以及硬件成本等详细考虑后选择。通常是同轴电缆(厂家不同， 商品也可能不一样);部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线 (分为3、4、5三个等级);对强干扰环境及长距离传送,最好选择光缆。 Building automation system of the line are: power cables, signal lines, and network communication line. (1) signal is usually use wire core cross-sectional area was 1.0 or 1.5 was conventional copper wire or monitor cable. As for signal using a soft line and shielding line or not needed in accordance with the specific monitoring system and monitoring requirements taken into account. (2) the power cord usually use BV - (500 v), 2.5 was insulated wire, for copper core PVC raw materials. (3) as for the network communication line should use what kind of computer local area network (LAN) facilities or building automation system in the data transmission rate, the future can be compatibility and hardware cost after detailed consideration. Is usually a coaxial cable (goods manufacturer is different, also may be different); The part of the system is shielded twisted-pair cable or unshielded twisted pair (divided into three levels 3, 4, 5); In strong jamming environment and long distance transmission, had better choose cable. www.ytzgjx.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.jinanjinyou.com 建筑设施自动化体系线路都使用金属管或者金属线槽实施保护, 由于网络通讯线与信号线不可以和电源线同管敷设,若需要作没有屏 蔽的平等敷设的话,间距至少为0.3m,若敷设在同一个金属线槽中,应 设置金属分隔。 Building automation system line USES metal or metal trough, due to network communication line and signal line can't tube equipped with the power cord, if need be no shielding, laying equal spacing of at least 0.3 m, if equipped in the same metal trough, metal separation should be set up. 6 结束语 6 the conclusion 总而言之，自动化体系的集成的整体特征是过程的自动化体 系与电气控制体系配合工作，一起适应生产体系与生产技术执行的要 求，保证生产体系可以进行安全、稳定的运营。据生产体系的技术特 征，充分结合过程自动化体系与电气控制体系的工艺优点，让两套体 系分工协作。 , in short, automation system integration scheme are the overall features www.tahdmm.com部分体系使用屏蔽双绞线或者非屏蔽的双绞线www.sdshengqi.com of process automation system and electric control system of cooperation, together to meet the needs of production system and production technology implementation, guarantee the production system can be safe and stable operation. According to the technical features of the production system, and fully integrated process automation system and electric control system of the technological advantage, make two sets of system collaboration.