基于VB和XML的个人资料编辑器的实现—免费毕业设计论文

基于VB和XML的个人资料编辑器的实现—免费毕业设计论文 毕业设计(论文) 基于VB和XML的个人资料编辑器的实现 论文作者姓名: 申请学位专业: 申请学位类别: 指导教师姓名,职称,: 论文提交日期: 基于VB和XML的个人资料编辑器的实现 摘 要 随着计算机技术的普及应用，整个人类社会已经成为一个信息化的学习型社会。信息作为生产力中的最活跃因素，在生活中发挥着巨大的作用，几乎每天都产生大量的文档资料，而对于这些资料的分类管理和利用，将直接影响到个人学习个工作的效率，资料管理也已经成为人们普遍关注的课题。 为了更加便于人们对于收集到的信息资料的管理利用，笔者由此设计了基于VB和XML的个人资料编辑器，以VB作为开发语言，数据使用XML格式存储，实现了类似WINDOWS资源管理器的树状目录文档管理，文档信息按自己的分类节点显示，并具有搜索和编辑功能等。文中详细阐述了系统的开发背景，研究意义，理论依据和各模块的具体实现。 关键词:VB;XML;树型结构;节点 The Implementation of a Personal Material Editor Based on VB and XML Abstract With the popularization and application of the computer technology, the whole human society has already become an informational study type society. Information is playing a great role in life as the most active factor in productivity, producing a large number of file materials every day. As for the classification of management and use of information will directly affect individuals’ efficiency of work and study, information management has become a universal concern. To make it easier for people to make use of the gathered information, the author designed the Personal Material Editor based on VB and XML. Is development takes the VB language as the script, XML as the database, realized WINDOWS explore-like user interface which manages the document with tree structure and the information was demonstrated according to its own class node, and the search and the edition function are implemented too. The article elaborated in detail the development background of the system, the research significance, the theory basis and the concrete realization of various modules. Key words:VB; XML; Tree structure; Node 目 录 论文总页数:25页 1 引言 ........................................................................ 1 1.1 课题背景 ............................................................... 1 1.2 本课题研究的意义........................................................ 1 1.3 本课题的研究........................................................ 1 2 相关技术 .................................................................... 1 2.1 XML语言 ................................................................ 1 2.1.1 标识语言 ........................................................... 1 2.1.2 XML ................................................................ 2 2.1.3 XML文档及其分类 .................................................... 3 2.1.4 XML文档的解析 ...................................................... 4 2.1.5 文档对象模型 ....................................................... 5 2.2 XML与数据库 ........................................................... 10 2.2.1 技术比较 .......................................................... 10 2.2.2 XML数据库的发展趋势 .............................................. 11 3 需求 ................................................................... 12 3.1 系统概述 .............................................................. 12 3.2 功能需求分析 .......................................................... 12 4 主要模块编码实现 ........................................................... 14 4.1 程序主窗体界面 ........................................................ 14 4.2 文档管理模块程序....................................................... 16 4.3 通讯模块 .......................................................... 17 4.4 收入支出记录模块程序................................................... 19 4.5 备忘录模块 ............................................................ 20 5 软件测试 ................................................................... 21 结 论 ....................................................................... 22 参考文献 ....................................................................... 23 致 谢 ....................................................................... 24 声 明 ....................................................................... 25 1 引言 1.1 课题背景 现代社会是个知识信息爆炸的社会，每个人都十分注重不断的学习和充实，以求获取更多的信息量，从而产生大量的电子文档，为了提高办事效率和准确性，开发了这款个人资料编辑器，相信对于每个爱好需要“充电”和喜好搜集资料的人，使用起来都将有一定的帮助。 1.2 本课题研究的意义 本系统着力于解决日常生活或办公中个人资料的搜集，保存和管理问题。当下是数字化时代，PC机普及到了家庭，人们生活中都离不开电脑，大量对于个人相对宝贵的资料，都习惯于保存在个人电脑中，而对于这些文档的管理都相对不太重视，查找时费时费力，基于这种需要，设计出这个个人资料编辑系统，对于个人信息的管理更加细化和系统，使身边多一个智能化的“管家”。 除去软件本身的实用价值以外，在做系统的过程中，由于是采用XML来管理数据，对XML与数据库的优缺点做了一定的比较，他们的发展前景做了些初步探索:随着XML的逐步成熟，是否有一天将用XML替代数据库呢,有了数据库技术，还需要XML吗,在文中也进行了一定的探讨。 1.3 本课题的研究方法 通过对国内外文档资料管理类似课题的比较研究，透过网络与图书馆查阅相关资料后首先做出分析报告，根据社会现阶段实际情况，然后以WINDOWS系统下VB6.0做平台，通过Visual Basic语言和XML来进行开发。在设计中以需求分析为基础，写出系统开发计划、详细设计摘要及相关问题的实现方法，然后以此为指导进行编码开发。 2 相关技术 2.1 XML语言 2.1.1 标识语言 XML(Extensible Markup Language，开扩展的标识语言)是W3C(world Wide Web Consortium)工作组制定的可扩展标识语言。这是一重通过专门格式描述文本信息特征(例如格式或者逻辑结构)的方法。通常需要标记(由“<”和“>”符扩起来)来分隔文本片段，标记的内容提供位于标记之间的文本信息。 要理解发明XML的原因，必须从另外的两种标识语言谈起。HTML(超文本标识语言，Hyper Text Markup Language)通常用来编写网页，如果需要一种功能更丰富的语言，则可以用SGML(标准通用标识语言，Standard Generalized Markup Language)，HTML就是从这一语言派生出来的。为什么又开发新语言，原因两点:一是HTML太不灵活，二是SGML对大多数用户来说又太复杂。前者只提供了用于 第 1 页 共 25 页 修饰浏览器画面的相对较小的标识工具集，而后者则几乎提供了无穷选择，使得开发一个文档也需要经过相当艰难的学习过程。 2.1.2 XML XML(Extensible Markup Language)语言是一种结构化描述语言，包含许多SGML语言的要素，但比SGML语言简单，是SGML语言的一个简化子集。它能使SGML语言像HTML语言那样，在互联络里得到广泛应用。如果说HTML是SGML衍生的一种文件格式那么XML则是SGML的简化版，所有XML文件也是合乎规范的SGML文件。所以XML也是一种元语言，可以用来定义其它新的标记语言。1996年底，万维网协会W3C推出了XML标准。XML的制定是为了弥补HTML的不足，使得在互联网络上可以传输、处理和共享各种结构复杂的文档。在继承SGML的同时，它又去除了SGML的复杂性，让使用者可以很容易地定义和使用属于自己的文档类型。 (1)设计目标: 在XML的正式规范中阐述了如下10个XML的设计目标。 1)XML应该可以直接应用于Internet网络。 2)XML应该支持大量的各种各样的应用口。 3)XML应该与SGML兼容。 4)处理XML文档的程序应该很容易编写。 5)XML中的可选项的数目应该尽可能地少，理想情况是一个也没有。 6)XML文档应该可读性强，条理清晰。 7)XML的设计应该迅速完成。 8)XML的设计应该正规且简洁。 9)XML文档应该易于生成。 10)XML的标记必须有明确的含义，不必过于简洁精炼以防含义模糊不清。 (2)主要特点: 1)简单性。XML语言有严格的定义，其语法包含一个比较小的规则集，使开发者很容易学会并能很快开始工作，而且人和机器都能很容易地阅读。由于XML文档是建立在一个基本嵌套结构的核心集的基础之上的，当一层又一层的文档内容被增加，从而使结构变得越来越复杂时，开发者只需要为内部结构的复杂性做出非常少的工作就可以满足复杂应用的需要。这些基本嵌套结构可以很容易地描述复杂的信息集合，而不需要改变结构自身。而且XML语言为程序员和文档开发者提供了一个友好的开发环境，其语法分析器也非常容易创建。 2)可扩展性。XML语言至少在两方面是可扩展的。首先，它允许开发者使用他们自己的标签和DTD，有效地创建可被用于特定应用的专业化的标记集。其次， 第 2 页 共 25 页 许多附加的标准对XML的能力进行了扩展。这些附加标准可以向核心的功能集增加样式、链接和引用能力。而且作为一个核心标准，XML为可能产生的其它标准提供了一个坚实的基础。 3)跨平台。XML语言是独立于特定平台的，而且支持世界上所有主要语言编写的混合文本，从而可在世界上各种平台的不同计算环境中使用。 4)开放性。XML标准是完全开放的，并且可以免费获得。XML文档本身也很开放，任何人都可以对一个结构良好的XML文档进行语法分析，如果提供了文档的DTD，还可以校验这个XML文档。 (3)基本概念。 1)标记是通过名叫分隔符(Delimiter)的专用字符与字符数据区别开来的XML文本。不太严格地讲，小于号(<)与大于号(>)之间的文本，以小于号开始和大于号结束的标记叫标注(tag)。 2)元素(Element)是组成XML文档的基本单元。一个元素包含一个起始标记和一个结束标记，在两个标记之间可以有数据内容。任何一个格式良好的XML文档都包含一个或多个元素，而且仅有一个称作根元素的顶级元素。元素之间可以存在树型的嵌套包含关系。被包含的元素叫子元素，相应地，包含子元素的元素称为这个子元素的父元素。 3)属性是元素包含的附加信息，用来描述元素的特征。 4)文档类型定义。文档类型定义(DTD)用来定义XML文档的合法语法。它通过列出可以在文档中使用的元素名字、指明元素之间的组合和嵌套关系、每个元素类型的可用属性等来定义XML文档的合法语法。 5)良好构的和有效的文档。每一种语言都具有说明语言用法正确与否的规则，在XML语言中也不例外。包含可以理解的标记的文档称为良构的文档，在这类文档中可以使用除了元素和属性的定义之外几乎全部的XML项，即没有DTD。有效的文档符合关于良构的文档的所有规则，但具有一个相关的定义文档的元素和属性的DTD。 2.1.3 XML文档及其分类 用XML语言书写的文档就是XML文档，它由元素、属性、实体引用、注释、CDATA和处理指令等部分组成。一个XML文档可以选择具有一个文档类型定义(DTD)，它用来定义一个XML文档的结构。XML文档具有类似HTML的基于文本的格式，是一种标准化的可以在网络上表示数据的文档。XML文档通常以一个XML声明开始，通过XML元素组织XML数据。根据XML文档的内容、结构和用途的不同，可以将它分为如下三类: (1) 以数据为中心的文档(Data Centric Documents)是将XML用作数据的传 第 3 页 共 25 页 输载体，着重于文档中的数据，而非文档格式，通常是给机器用的，方便机器进行数据处理。例如销售订单、航班时刻表、科学计算结果及股市汇率。这类文档的特点是结构相当严谨，数据粒度精细(即最小的独立数据单位只存在于PCDATA元素或属性这一级别)，很少或没有混合内容。除非在对文档进行验证的时候，同级元素或PCDATA的出现次序一般来说并不重要，交换两个同级元素并不会破坏文档的可读性。主要应用在电子商务、ERP， EAT等领域，集成不同数据源的数据，交换信息。 (2) 以文档为中心的文档(Document Centric Documents)将XML用作文本的传播载体，通常是给人阅读的。例如书籍、email、用户等。其特点是半结构化或非结构化的数据、数据粒度大，混合内容多。同级元素或PCDATA出现的次序一般来说非常重要。 (3) 混合型XML文档。在实际应用中，以数据为中心和以文档为中心的文档之间的差别不一定很明显。例如，一种以数据为中心的文档比如发票，可能含有大粒度的、结构不规则的数据比如零件说明;另一种以文档为中心的文档如用户手册，可能包含细粒度的结构规则的数据，比如作者和修订日期。其它例子包括法律和医学文书，虽然以松散的形式写成，但是却包含离散的数据块，例如日期、名称和操作程序，出于法规的原因通常要以完整的文件形式存储。此类文档同时具有面向数据和面向文档两种类型特征，称为混合型MXL文档。在混合型XML文档中，有结构化数据，也有非结构化数据。 2.1.4 XML文档的解析 对于一个现成的XML 文档，应用程序是不能直接使用或进行处理的，必须通过XML文档的解析器(XML Parser)把文档解析成可操作的形式。XML文档解析器实际上是一些程序，用来读取文档并分析文档的结构。解析XML文档是处理XML文档的第一步。一般来说 ，处理XML文档还要对XML文档中的数据进行处理，比如对文档进行添加、删除、修改等操作，这都要通过XML的解析器。解析器读取XML文档并检查文档的有效性。在多数情况下，会生成一棵解析树。目前，对于XML文档的解析主要有DOM解析和SAX解析两种方法，如图1所示。 第 4 页 共 25 页 图1 XML文档的解析 2.1.5 文档对象模型 1)DOM简介 ( W3C文档对象模型(Document Object Model简称为:DOM)规范是一组基于树模型的平台和语言中立的应用程序编程接口(API)，它能够描述如何访问和操纵存储在XML和HTML等文档中的信息。它是由万维网联盟(W3C)发布并维护的一个标准。DOM提供了文档的结构化视图，以及一个标准的可互操作的类和方法的集合，可以用于XML文档元素的添加、修改、删除和检索，以及文档内容的定位。DOM解析器读取整个文档，并通过在内存中构造一个对象树，提供文档的一个视图。文档的主要结构是通过对象树中的节点来表达的，并通过使用DOM接口来访问和处理对象树。目前DOM是处理XML文档时最常用的应用程序接口。依照W3C DOM规范，选用Document Object Model这个术语是因为DOM在传统的面向对象编程的意义上来看是一个对象模型。文档利用对象被模型化，模型用来描述文档的结构以及文档的行为和文档对象的行为。DOM规范是结构化文档处理技术的一次巨大的飞跃。这个规范为处理存储在XML，HTML和其它包含结构化信息的文档中的信息提供了一组标准编程接口。 DOM设计的基本原理规定，在DOM中“每个事物都是节点”，节点是DOM的一个基本概念，这是DOM的最大特点。除此之外，DOM还具有如下特点: ? 语言和平台的中立。DOM一开始就被设计成独立于各种平台和语言的。目前，几乎可以在每一种流行的平台上，使用任何一种常用的编程语言来使用DOM。如Java，JavaScript，Perl，C++等等。 第 5 页 共 25 页 ? 开放的并且是可扩展的。也就是说，一个供应商可以向DOM规范添加规范中没有定义的方法和属性，并且只要我们认为这些方法和属性是符合DOM基本规范的。比如Microsoft公司，它为了给开发人员带来便利，在不违反DOM规范的基础上，向DOMAPI提供了多个特定于Internet Explorer的扩展。 2)DOM树型结构 ( DOM在逻辑上用一棵树来表示文档。下面是一个XML文档的例子，DOM树表示其结构如图2所示。 例2.1一个典型的XML文档 chen 33 在图2中，双椭圆代表根节点，椭圆代表元素节点，菱形代表属性节点，矩形代表文本节点，箭头代表父子关系。在DOM术语中，图2中的每个椭圆或方框都称为一个“节点”。节点就是文档内容中的一个特定元素、属性和文本等等的对象表示。依据在文档树中的位置的不同，节点有特定的名称。所有的文档都有一个节点称为根节点，它是位于树型结构最顶部的节点。如图2所示，根节点就是表示标记的那个双椭圆。如果一个节点下面有一个或者多个节点，那么就把下面的节点称为这个节点的子节点，也就是说每个子节点都是其“父”节点的一个孩子节点。图中表示标记的节点就是节点的一个子节点，而它同时又是表示标记的节点的父节点。节点之间的这种父子关系在DOM中被广泛地使用。那些没有子节点的节点称为叶节点，它们是位于树的最远端的节点。把父子关系的比喻加以延伸，具有相同父节点的节点称为“兄弟”节点。如果两个节点都是从树型结构某处的同一个节点派生出来的，就说它们具有一个共同的祖先节点。 第 6 页 共 25 页 图2 文档树 节点的概念不仅限于元素，文档中的每个事物都可以表示为一个节点，包括注释、元素的属性、文本内容、XML处理指令、文档类型声明等等。只要是文档中的事物，就可以将它表示为一个节点。 (3)DOM的层 DOM被组织为分离的层，每一层都提供了自己的方法和定义。这些层可以定义本层用户所希望有的性能和服务。有时候您可能会忍不住把不同的DOM层看作不同“版本”的DOM，然而它们并不是真正意义上的版本。它们是专门定义的一个功能层，应用程序可以把这个特定的功能层提供给需要它的用户。比起DOM的Leve12层，正在用Level1层的开发人员可以期望更少的功能和特性。目前，有两个正式的DOM层:Level1和Levdl2。这两个层都是W3C所推荐的。最近出现的还是一个工作草案的层是Level3，也就是说，它目前还没有被W3C采纳为一个正式推荐的规范。另外还有第4个层，据说被认定为是Level0，它不是一个正式的DOM规范，也不是工作草案，它涉及了在DOMWorking Group成立之前，由早期的WEB浏览器(比如Netscape 3和Explorer3)所提供的DOM实现。随着时间的推移和技术的发展，这些层也在不断地完善之中。当然它的改进是以一般用户和DOM成员公司的需求为基础的。 在DOM规范中通常每个层都会被划分为两个或更多的模块，其中的Core模块是每个层都有的。Core模块具有处理结构化文档和对象所需要的核心方法。其余的模块则主要用来处理特定层的具体特性。DOM应用程序可以遵守一个特定DOM层的规范，也可以遵守一个DOM层中的一个特定模块的规范。 第 7 页 共 25 页 在1998年l0月，DOM的Level1层被采纳为W3C推荐标准(在2000年9月，发布了第2个版本的工作草案。它被划分为两个模块:Core模块和HTML模块。Core模块提供了一个标准的方法集合，用来访问和操纵任何结构化文档中的各种对象，并且还提供了一个扩展接口的集合，用来处理XML文档中的内容。在HTML模块中，设计了一个高级接口，这个接口可以和Core模块中的接口一起处理HTML文档中的内容。 DOM的Level2层是在2000年11月被采纳为W3C的推荐标准的。Level2层被划分为14个截然不同的模块，它们是Core，XML，HTML，Range，Traversal，CSS，CSS2，Views，Stylesheets，Events，User Interface Events，Mouse Events，MutationEvents和HTML Events。而且这14个模块被组织在Core，Views，Events，Style和Traversal/Range这5个部分中。 DOM的Level2层更新了由DOM的Level1层提供的Core模块中的附加命名空间支持，以及Level1层没有明确地支持的用于处理某些特定情况的方法。例如，DOM的Leve1层并没有包括创建空文档的方法，而DOM的Leve12层现在己经指定了处理这种常见问题的方法。除了提供处理结构化文档的基础接口外，DOM的Leve12层还增加了用于文档处理的其它功能，其中常用的如下所述: ? 范围(Range):为处理DOM中的范围操作指定方法。 ? 遍历(Traversal):为选择性遍历和过滤文档的内容而提供的编程接口。 ? 样式(CSS):为支持各种类型的样式表提供基础接口。 ? 视图:提供了允许文档具有多个视图的接口。 ? 事件:描述应用程序中的事件流，并为注册事件处理程序指定了一个统一的事件机制。除此之外还为每个事件的上下文提供了特定于事件的信息。 (4)DOM的数据类型 基本的、原子性的数据类型是编程接口内部工作方式所必需的，而DOM也不例外。DOM Working Group定义了一些基本的数据类型用来表示存储在文档中的信息，而且这些文档是可以通过多种语言和平台来使用和实现的。通常情况下可以从其它语言中借用现有的数据类型，但是对于更复杂的信息，DOMWorking Group创造了属于DOM自己的数据类型。从Leve12层起，DOM规范使用的基本数据类型是DOMString和DOMTimeStamp两种。 DOMString类型用来描述一个字符序列，其中的每个字符都用双字节的单元来表示。它在DOM规范中的定义方式如下: valuetype DOMString sequence; 根据DOM规范，DOMString使用UTF-16(在Unicode规范中有详细的定义)进行编码。选择UTF-16编码是因为这种编码方法支持世界各地的多种语言，并 第 8 页 共 25 页 且在高科技行业中的应用十分广泛。 在所有的DOM规范中，无论哪里需要字符串，都会使用DOMString类型来表示。但在具体的使用过程中，经常需要把DOMString类型转换为一个本地平台支持的字符串类型。所以在某些DOM实现(比如Xerces)中，专门提供了把DOMString类型转换为本地字符串类型的方法。这样做完全是具体的DOM实现为编程提供的方便，但并不要求每一个DOM实现也提供类似的方法，而且在DOM规范中也没有定义这样的方法。 DOMTimeStamp数据类型在DOM规范中是按如下方式定义: Typedef unsigned long long DOMTimeStamp; 根据DOM规范，DOMTimeStamp类型是用来表示毫秒值的，但并没有指出对应0毫秒的基础日期。除了基本数据类型以外，DOM也有自己的节点类型。DOM本质上是节点的集合。由于一个文档中可能包含不同类型的信息，因此也要定义不同类型的节点。DOM规范定义了12种包含在文档中的节点类型。每种节点类型都有一组相同的属性和与之相关的方法。表1中列出了从DOM的Leve12层开始支持的各种节点类型，并且针对每种节点类型进行了简要的说明。 表1 DOM节点类型 HTML或者XML等文档中表示一个元素。如图2Element 所示， "" Then If Not fos.FileExists(CommonDialog1.fileName) Then MsgBox ("指定的文件不存在") Else absolutePathName=CommonDialog1.fileName extensionName=fos.GetExtensionName(absolutePathName) fileName=fos.GetBaseName(absolutePathName)&"."&extensionName Select Case extensionName Case"bmp","dib","gif","jpg","wmf","emf","ico","cur": ImageWd.Picture=LoadPicture(absolutePathName) Case Else: ImageWd.Picture=Nothing 第 16 页 共 25 页 End Select End If End If Set fos=Nothing End Sub 4.3 通讯记录模块 TxForm.frm生成新建通讯录功能界面如下图6: 图6 新建通讯录窗口 通讯录查找代码: Private Sub CmdTxCz_Click() Dim list As Collection '数据集 Dim else As IXMLDOMElement '当前结点 Dim count, i, j, length As Integer Dim query As String '查询条件 Dim name, group As String On Error GoTo Handle Me.MousePointer=11 Name=Trim(CmbTxXm.Text) group=Trim(CmbTxQz.Text) query = "" If name <> "" Then query = "contains(name’"+name+"')" 第 17 页 共 25 页 If group <> "" Then Query = query + "and group='" + group + "'" End If ElseIf group <> "" Then query = "group='" + group + "'" End If dbObj.openDatabase Set list = dbObj.query(TBL_ADDRESSLIST, query, True, False, "name") length = list.count If Op30Tx.value And length > DISPLAY_LENTGH Then length = DISPLAY_LENTGH End If MSFlexGrid_tx.Rows = 1 MSFlexGrid_tx.Rows = length + 1 MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(0, 0) = length & " " If length > 0 Then CmdTxSc.Enabled = True CmdTxXg.Enabled = True Else CmdTxSc.Enabled = False CmdTxXg.Enabled = False End If For count = 1 To length Set ele = list(count) MSFlexGrid_tx.RowData(count) = CLng(dbObj.GetAttribute(ele, "id").nodeValue) MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,1) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "name").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,2) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "mobile").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,3) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "telphone").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,4) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "oicq").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,5) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "msn").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,6) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, 第 18 页 共 25 页 "address").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,7) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "desc").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,8) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "group").nodeTypedValue MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(count,9) = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "logindate").nodeTypedValue Next dbObj.closeDatabase For i = 1 To MSFlexGrid_tx.Rows - 1 MSFlexGrid_tx.TextMatrix(i,0) = CStr(i) Next Me.MousePointer = 0 Exit Sub Handle: Me.MousePointer = 0 Call MsgBox(Err.Description, vbCritical) End Sub 4.4 收入支出记录模块程序 SzForm.frm生成修改功能界面如下图7: 图7 收入/支出文档修改窗口 修改收入开支记录段代码: Private Sub MSFlexGrid_sz_DblClick() Dim list As Collection Dim ele As IXMLDOMElement '当前结点 Dim query On Error GoTo Handle If MSFlexGrid_sz.Row <> 0 Then 第 19 页 共 25 页 dbObj.openDatabase query = "@id=" & MSFlexGrid_sz.RowData(MSFlexGrid_sz.Row) Set list = dbObj.query(TBL_SALARY, query) If list.count > 0 Then Set ele = list.Item(1) SzForm.TxtDl.Text = dbObj.GetNode(ele,"date").nodeTypedValue SzForm.TxtJe.Text = dbObj.GetNode(ele,"money").nodeTypedValue SzForm.CmbLq.Text = dbObj.GetNode(ele,"where").nodeTypedValue SzForm.RichTextBoxBz.Text = dbObj.GetNode(ele, "desc").nodeTypedValue SzForm.id = CLng(dbObj.GetAttribute(ele,"id").nodeValue) '设置更新模式 SzForm.updateFlag = False '排他模式显示窗口 SzForm.Show vbModal End If dbObj.closeDatabase End If Exit Sub Handle: Call MsgBox(Err.Description, vbCritical) End Sub 4.5 备忘录模块 BwForm.frm生成主界面如下图8: 图8 备忘录主窗口 删除备忘录功能页面代码: Private Sub CmdTxSc_Click() On Error GoTo Handle Dim ret If MSFlexGrid_tx.Row <> 0 Then 第 20 页 共 25 页 ret = MsgBox("确定要删除记录(ID=" & MSFlexGrid_tx.Row & ")?", vbYesNo) If (ret = vbYes) Then dbObj.openDatabase Call dbObj.deleteRecord(TBL_ADDRESSLIST, "@id=" & MSFlexGrid_tx.RowData(MSFlexGrid_tx.Row)) dbObj.closeDatabase '刷新备忘数据页面 Call CmdTxCz_Click End If Else MsgBox ("请选择要删除的记录") End If Exit Sub Handle: Call MsgBox(Err.Description, vbCritical) End Sub 5 软件测试 模块编程完结之后，编写测试文档，对界面外观和功能等进行检测。首先针对一个模块测试。模块测试时，检验模块每个功能是否都能正常使用，包括界面的按钮、线条、表格等的形状、大小、颜色是否符合规范;还有检测程序是否都能按预定要求正常工作，能按要求正确存入或者输出。测试过程中，发现BUG及时进行了修正。 模块测试完后，把各个模块整合成一个系统后，这过程中还可能会出现很多问题，由此继续进行集成测试。把模块按照设计要求组装起来的同时进行测试，主要目标是发现与类模块有关的问题，测试每个功能是否都能正常工作。这是一个“测试——修改——再测试——再修改”的过程，直到整个系统能正常运行，所有功能都能正常实现。 在测试过程中，出现过一些不符合标准和达不到功能要求的情况，经过修改及以后的调试，现在已已经基本能够完成正常的功能。 由于经验欠缺或其它某些原因，本次完成的软件不可能是完美无缺的。测试只能尽量避免错误的产生和消除已经产生的错误，使程序中的错误密度达到尽可能低的程度，减少错误的引入，但是不可能完全杜绝软件中的错误。经过测试，这款个人资料编辑软件基本能符合要求，也能实现各预期功能。 第 21 页 共 25 页 结 论 经过几个月时间的努力,通过图书馆查阅以及网上搜集相关资料，在导师的细心指导下,以VB为设计脚本语言，XML做小型数据库的个人资料编辑器的设计任务终于完成。本次毕业设计完成了系统的基本功能,能够通过本系统实现对文档信息的编辑、检索、保存、修改等文档管理功能;可以对生活中的收入支出的流水帐目做相关记录;完成了对学习或工作日程计划的备忘管理;实现了个人通讯录中联系人详细关信息的建立，可以对通讯录条目进行删除，查找等操作;同时还设计了初始管理员对系统用户的一个管理，让系统更加符合“个性化”。这款编辑器操作简单，性能良好，能够满足一般个体用户对资料管理的基本需求。 本次毕业设计由于时间和能力有限，系统功能上不够完善，查询时没有能用视图来优化速度便是其中之一，在以后的开发过程中，会可根据具体需要扩展系统功能，使系统更加具有实用性。 但总体说来，通过这次毕业设计，系统化了很多学过的知识，又把所学理论与实际应用联系了起来，为我今后走向社会打下了坚实的专业基础;其次，这几个月来，通过做毕业设计，也让自己初尝了去挑战一件事情的滋味，虽然有压力，但更多的是自我鼓励与导师督促，完成任务是美好的～四个字:受益匪浅～ 第 22 页 共 25 页 参考文献 [1]James Britt & Teun Duynstee著，高波 王琰 等译，VISUAL BASIC 6 XML专业技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社，2000 [2]鲁荣江，王立丰编著，VISUALBASIC项目案例导航[M].北京:科学出版社，2002 [3]林锦雀编著，最新XML入门与应用[M].北京:中国铁道出版社，2001 [4] Elliotte Rusty Harold 著，徐罡 黄涛 译，Effective XML:有效使用XML的50种方法[M].北京:电子工业出版社，2006 [5]卢毅 编著，Visual Basic 实例教程[M].北京:科学出版社2005 [6]Chuck White, Liam Quin, Linam Burman 著，周生炳，宋浩，肖伟 等译，XML从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社，2005 [7]赛奎春 主编，Visual Basic信息系统开发实例精选[M].北京:机械工业出版社，2005 第 23 页 共 25 页 致 谢 本文是在王燚教授的热情关心和指导下完成的，他渊博的知识和严谨的治学作风使我受益匪浅，对顺利完成本课题起到了极大的作用。在此向他表示我最衷心的感谢～ 在论文完成过程中，本人还得到了其他老师和同学的热心帮助，本人向他们表示深深的谢意～ 最后向在百忙之中评审本文的各位专家、老师表示衷心的感谢～ 作者简介: 姓 名:陈宝献 性别: 男 出生年月:1983.5 民族: 汉 E-mail:chen_baoxian@126.com 第 24 页 共 25 页 声 明 本论文的工作是 2007年2月至2007年7月在成都信息工程学院网络工程系完成的。文中除了特别加以标注地方外，不包含他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得成都信息工程学院或其他教学机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。除非另有说明，本文的工作是原始性工作。 关于学位论文使用权和研究成果知识产权的说明: 本人完全了解成都信息工程学院有关保管使用学位论文的规定，其中包括: (1)学校有权保管并向有关部门递交学位论文的原件与复印件。 (2)学校可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制方式保存学位论文。 (3)学校可以学术交流为目的复制、赠送和交换学位论文。 (4)学校可允许学位论文被查阅或借阅。 (5)学校可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内容(保密学位论文在解密后遵守此规定)。 除非另有科研

合同

劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载

和其他法律文书的制约，本论文的科研成果属于成都信息工程学院。 特此声明～ 作者签名: 年 月 日 第 25 页 共 25 页 veother case beincurable. If any one convict in a court of law a stranger or aslave of a theft of public property, let the court determine whatpunishment he shall suffer, or what penalty he shall pay, bearing inmind that he is probably not incurable. But the citizen who has beenbrought up as our citizens will have been, if he be found guilty ofrobbing his country by fraud sold anyadulterated goods, in addition to losing the goods themselves, shallbe beaten with stripes-a stripe for a drachma, according to theprice of the goods; and the herald shall proclaim in the agora theoffence for which he is going to be beaten. The warden of the agoraand the guardians of the law shall obtain information from experiencedpersons about the rogueries and adulterations of the sellers, andshall write up what the seller ought and ought not to do in each case;and let them inscribe their laws on a column in front of the courtof the wardens of the agora, that they may be clear instructors ofthose who have business in the agora. Enough has been said in what haspreceded about the wardens of the city, and if anything seems to bewanting, let them communicate with the guardians of the law, and writedown the omission, and place on a column in the court of the wardensof the city the primary and secondary regulations which are laiddown for them about their office. After the practices of adulteration naturally follow the practicesof retail trade. Concerning these, we will first of all give a word ofcounsel and reason, and the law shall come afterwards. Retail trade ina city is not by nature intended to do any harm, but quite thecontrary; for is not he a benefactor who reduces the inequalitiesand incommensurabilities of goods to equality and common measure?And this is what the power of money accomplishes, and the merchant maybe said to be appointed for this purpose. The hireling and thetavern-keeper, and many other occupations, some of them more andothers less seemly-alike have this object;-they seek to satisfy ourneeds and equalize our possessions. Let us then endeavour to seewhat has brought retail trade into ill-odour, and wherein, lies thedishonour and unseemliness of it, in order that if not entirely, wemay yet partially, cure the evil by legislation. To effect this isno easy matter, and requires a great deal of virtue. Cleinias. What do you mean? Athenian Stranger. Dear Cleinias, the class of men is small-theymust have been rarely gifted by nature, and trained byeducation-who, when assailed by wants and desires, are able to holdout and observe moderation, and when they might make a great deal ofmoney are sober in their wishes, and prefer a moderate to a largegain. But the mass of mankind are the very opposite: their desires areunbounded, and when they might gain in moderation they prefer gainswithout limit; wherefore all that relates to retail trade, andmerchandise, and the keeping of taverns, is denounced and numberedamong dishonourable things. For if what I trust may never be andwill not be, we were to compel, if I may venture to say a ridiculousthing, the best men everywhere to keep taverns for a time, or carry onretail trade, or do anything of that sort; or if, in consequence ofsome fate or necessity, the best women were compelled to followsimilar callings, then we should know how agreeable and pleasant allthese things are; and if all such occupations were managed onincorrupt principles, they would be honoured as we honour a motheror a nurse. But now that a man goes to desert places and builds bouseswhich can only be reached be long journeys, for the sake of retailtrade, and receives strangers who are in need at the welcomeresting-place, and gives them peace and calm when they are tossed bythe storm, or cool shade in the heat; and then instead of behavingto them as friends, and showing the duties of hospitality to hisguests, treats them as enemies and captives who are at his mercy,and will not release them until they have paid the most unjust,abominable, and extortionate ransom-these are the sort of practices,and foul evils they are, which cast a reproach upon the succour ofadversity. And the legislator ought always to be devising a remedy forevils of this nature. There is an ancient saying, which is also a trueone-"To fight against two opponents is a difficult thing," as isseen in diseases and in many other cases. And in this case also thewar is against two enemies-wealth and poverty; one of whom corruptsthe soul of man with luxury, while the other drives him by pain intoutter shamelessness. What remedy can a city of sense find against thisdisease? In the first place, they must have as few retail traders aspossible; and in the second place, they must assign the occupationto that class of men whose corruption will be the least injury tothe state; and in the third place, they must devise some way wherebythe followers of these occupations themselves will not readily fallinto habits of unbridled shamelessness and meanness. After this preface let our law run as follows, and may fortunefavour us:-No landowner among the Magnetes, whose city the God isrestoring and resettling-no one, that is, of the 5040 families,shall become a retail trader either voluntarily or involuntarily;neither shall he be a merchant, or do any service for privatepersons unless they equally serve him, except for his father or hismother, and their fathers and mothers; and in general for his elderswho are freemen, and whom he serves as a freeman. Now it isdifficult to determine accurately the things which are worthy orunworthy of a freeman, but let those who have obtained the prize ofvirtue give judgment about them in accordance with their feelings ofright and wrong. He who in any way shares in the illiberality ofretail trades may be indicted for dishonouring his race by any one wholikes, before those who have been judged to be the first in virtue;and if he appear to throw dirt upon his father's house by anunworthy occupation, let him be imprisoned for a year and abstain fromthat sort of thing; and if he repeat the offence, for two years; andevery time that he is convicted let the length of his imprisonmentbe doubled. This shall be the second law:-He who engages in retailtrade must be either a metic or a stranger. And a third law shallbe:-In order that the retail trader who dwells in our city may be asgood or as little bad as possible, the guardians of the law shallremember that they are not only guardians of those who may be easilywatched and prevented from becoming lawless or bad, because they arewellborn and bred; but still more should they have a watch overthose who are of another sort, and follow pursuits which have a verystrong tendency to make men bad. And, therefore, in respect of themultifarious occupations of retail trade, that is to say, in respectof such of them as are allowed to remain, because they seem to bequite necessary in a state-about these the guardians of the law shouldmeet and take counsel with those who have experience of the severalkinds of retail trade, as we before commanded, concerning adulteration(which is a matter akin to this), and when they meet they shallconsider what amount of receipts, after deducting expenses, willproduce a moderate gain to the retail trades, and they shall fix inwriting and strictly maintain what they find to be the rightpercentage of profit; this shall be seen to by the wardens of theagora, and by the wardens of the city, and by the wardens of thecountry. And so retail trade will benefit every one, and do theleast possible injury to those in the state who practise it. When a man makes an agreement which he does not fulfil, unless theagreement be of a nature which the law or a vote of the assemblydoes not allow, or which he has made under the influence of someunjust compulsion, or which he is prevented from fulfilling againsthis will by some unexpected chance, the other party may go to law withhim in the courts of the tribes, for not having completed hisagreement, if the parties are not able previously to come to termsbefore arbiters or before their neighbours. The class of craftsmen whohave furnished human life with the arts is dedicated to Hephaestus andAthene; and there is a class of craftsmen who preserve the works ofall craftsmen by arts of defence, the votaries of Ares and Athene,to which divinities they too are rightly dedicated. All these continuethrough life serving the country and the people; some of them areleaders in battle; others make for hire implements and works, and theyought not to deceive in such matters, out of respect to the Gods whoare their ancestors. If 第 26 页 共 25 页 any craftsman through indolence omit toexecute his work in a given time, not reverencing the God who giveshim the means of life, but considering, foolish fellow, that he is hisown God and will let him off easily, in the first place, he shallsuffer at the hands of the God, and in the second place, the law shallfollow in a similar spirit. He shall owe to him who contracted withhim the price of the works which he has failed in performing, and heshall begin again and execute them gratis in the given time. When aman undertakes a work, the law gives him the same advice which wasgiven to the seller, that he should not attempt to raise the price,but simply ask the value; this the law enjoins also on the contractor;for the craftsman assuredly knows the value of his work. Wherefore, infree states the man of art ought not to attempt to impose upon privateindividuals by the help of his art, which is by nature a true thing;and he who is wronged in a matter of this sort, shall have a rightof action against the party who has wronged him. And if any one letsout work to a craftsman, and does not pay him duly according to thelawful agreement, disregarding Zeus the guardian of the city andAthene, who are the partners of the state, and overthrows thefoundations of society for the sake of a little gain, in his caselet the law and the Gods maintain the common bonds of the state. Andlet him who, having already received the work in exchange, does notpay the price in the time agreed, pay double the price; and if ayear has elapsed, although interest is not to be taken on loans, yetfor every drachma which he owes to the contractor let him pay amonthly interest of an obol. Suits about these matters are to bedecided by the courts of the tribes; and by the way, since we havementioned craftsmen at all, we must not forget the other craft of war,in which generals and tacticians are the craftsmen, who undertakevoluntarily the work of our safety, as other craftsmen undertake otherpublic works;-if they execute their work well the law will nevertire of praising him who gives them those honours which are the justrewards of the soldier; but if any one, having already received thebenefit of any noble service in war, does not make the due return ofhonour, the law will blame him. Let this then be the law, having aningredient of praise, not compelling but advising the great body ofthe citizens to honour the brave men who are the saviours of the wholestate, whether by their courage or by their military skill;-theyshould honour them, I say, in the second place; for the first andhighest tribute of respect is to be given to those who are ableabove other men to honour the words of good legislators. The greater part of the dealings between man and man have been nowregulated by us with the exception of those that relate to orphans andthe supervision of orphans by their guardians. These follow next inorder, and must be regulated in some way. But to arrive at them wemust begin with the testamentary wishes of the dying and the case ofthose who may have happened to die intestate. When I said, Cleinias,that we must regulate them, I had in my mind the difficulty andperplexity in which all such matters are involved. You cannot leavethem unregulated, for individuals would make regulations at variancewith one another, and repugnant to the laws and habits of the livingand to their own previous habits, if a person were simply allowed tomake any will which he pleased, and this were to take effect inwhatever state he may have been at the end of his life; for most of uslose our senses in a manner, and feel crushed when we think that weare about to die. Cle. What do you mean, Stranger? Ath. O Cleinias, a man when he is about to die is an intractablecreature, and is apt to use language which causes a great deal ofanxiety and trouble to the legislator. Cle. In what way? Ath. He wants to have the entire control of all his property, andwill use angry words. Cle. Such as what? Ath. O ye Gods, he will say, how monstrous that I am not allowedto give, or not to give my own to whom I will-less to him who has beenbad to me, and more to him who has been good to me, and whosebadness and goodness have been tested by me in time of sickness orin old age and in every other sort of fortune! Cle. Well Stranger, and may he not very fairly say so? Ath. In my opinion, Cleinias, the ancient legislators were toogood-natured, and made laws without sufficient observation orconsideration of human things. Cle. What do you mean? Ath. I mean, my friend that they were afraid of the testator'sreproaches, and so they passed a law to the effect that a man shouldbe allowed to dispose of his property in all respects as he liked; butyou and I, if I am not mistaken, will have something better to sayto our departing citizens. Cle. What? Ath. O my friends, we will say to them, hard is it for you, whoare creatures of a day, to know what is yours-hard too, as the Delphicoracle says, to know yourselves at this hour. Now I, as thelegislator, regard you and your possessions, not as belonging toyourselves, but as belonging to your whole family, both past andfuture, and yet more do regard both family and possessions asbelonging to the state; wherefore, if some one steals upon you withflattery, when you are tossed on the sea of disease or old age, andpersuades you to dispose of your p Chapter III of Volume III (Chap. 45) CONVINCED as Elizabeth now was that Miss Bingley's dislike of her had originated in jealousy, she could not help feeling how very unwelcome her appearance at Pemberley must be to her, and was curious to know with how much civility on that lady's side the acquaintance would now be renewed. On reaching the house, they were shewn through the hall into the saloon, whose northern aspect rendered it delightful for summer. Its windows, opening to the ground, admitted a most refreshing view of the high woody hills behind the house, and of the beautiful oaks and Spanish chesnuts which were scattered over the intermediate lawn. In this room they were received by Miss Darcy, who was sitting there with Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley, and the lady with whom she lived in London. Georgiana's reception of them was very civil; but attended with all that embarrassment which, though proceeding from shyness and the fear of doing wrong, would easily give to those who felt themselves inferior the belief of her being proud and reserved. Mrs. Gardiner and her niece, however, did her justice, and pitied her. By Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley, they were noticed only by a curtsey; and on their being seated, a pause, awkward as such pauses must always be, succeeded for a few moments. It was first broken by Mrs. Annesley, a genteel, agreeable looking woman, whose endeavour to introduce some kind of discourse proved her to be more truly well bred than either of the others; and between her and Mrs. Gardiner, with 第 27 页 共 25 页 occasional help from Elizabeth, the conversation was carried on. Miss Darcy looked as if she wished for courage enough to join in it; and sometimes did venture a short sentence, when there was least danger of its being heard. Elizabeth soon saw that she was herself closely watched by Miss Bingley, and that she could not speak a word, especially to Miss Darcy, without calling her attention. This observation would not have prevented her from trying to talk to the latter, had they not been seated at an inconvenient distance; but she was not sorry to be spared the necessity of saying much. Her own thoughts were employing her. She expected every moment that some of the gentlemen would enter the room. She wished, she feared, that the master of the house might be amongst them; and whether she wished or feared it most, she could scarcely determine. After sitting in this manner a quarter of an hour without hearing Miss Bingley's voice, Elizabeth was roused by receiving from her a cold enquiry after the health of her family. She answered with equal indifference and brevity, and the other said no more. The next variation which their visit afforded was produced by the entrance of servants with cold meat, cake, and a variety of all the finest fruits in season; but this did not take place till after many a significant look and smile from Mrs. Annesley to Miss Darcy had been given, to remind her of her post. There was now employment for the whole party; for though they could not all talk, they could all eat; and the beautiful pyramids of grapes, nectarines, and peaches soon collected them round the table. While thus engaged, Elizabeth had a fair opportunity of deciding whether she most feared or wished for the appearance of Mr. Darcy, by the feelings which prevailed on his entering the room; and then, though but a moment before she had believed her wishes to predominate, she began to regret that he came. He had been some time with Mr. Gardiner, who, with two or three other gentlemen from the house, was engaged by the river, and had left him only on learning that the ladies of the family intended a visit to Georgiana that morning. No sooner did he appear, than Elizabeth wisely resolved to be perfectly easy and unembarrassed; -- a resolution the more necessary to be made, but perhaps not the more easily kept, because she saw that the suspicions of the whole party were awakened against them, and that there was scarcely an eye which did not watch his behaviour when he first came into the room. In no countenance was attentive curiosity so strongly marked as in Miss Bingley's, in spite of the smiles which overspread her face whenever she spoke to one of its objects; for jealousy had not yet made her desperate, and her attentions to Mr. Darcy were by no means over. Miss Darcy, on her brother's entrance, exerted herself much more to talk; and Elizabeth saw that he was anxious for his sister and herself to get acquainted, and forwarded, as much as possible, every attempt at conversation on either side. Miss Bingley saw all this likewise; and, in the imprudence of anger, took the first opportunity of saying, with sneering civility, ``Pray, Miss Eliza, are not the ----shire militia removed from Meryton? They must be a great loss to your family.'' In Darcy's presence she dared not mention Wickham's name; but Elizabeth instantly comprehended that he was uppermost in her thoughts; and the various recollections connected with him gave her a moment's distress; but, exerting herself vigorously to repel the ill-natured attack, she presently answered the question in a tolerably disengaged tone. While she spoke, an involuntary glance shewed her Darcy with an heightened complexion, earnestly looking at her, and his sister overcome with confusion and unable to lift up her eyes. Had Miss Bingley known what pain she was then giving her beloved friend, she undoubtedly would have refrained from the hint; but she had merely intended to discompose Elizabeth, by bringing forward the idea of a man to whom she believed her partial, to make her betray a sensibility which might injure her in Darcy's opinion, and perhaps to remind the latter of all the follies and absurdities by which some part of her family were connected with that corps. Not a syllable had ever reached her of Miss Darcy's meditated elopement. To no creature had it been revealed, where secrecy was possible, except to Elizabeth; and from all Bingley's connections her brother was particularly anxious to conceal it, from that very wish which Elizabeth had long ago attributed to him, of their becoming hereafter her own. He had certainly formed such a plan, and without meaning that it should affect his endeavour to separate him from Miss Bennet, it is probable that it might add something to his lively concern for the welfare of his friend. Elizabeth's collected behaviour, however, soon quieted his emotion; and as Miss Bingley, vexed and disappointed, dared not approach nearer to Wickham, Georgiana also recovered in time, though not enough to be able to speak any more. Her brother, whose eye she feared to meet, scarcely recollected her interest in the affair, and the very circumstance which had been designed to turn his thoughts from Elizabeth, seemed to have fixed them on her more, and more cheerfully. Their visit did not continue long after the question and answer above-mentioned; and while Mr. Darcy was attending them to their carriage, Miss Bingley was venting her feelings in criticisms on Elizabeth's person, behaviour, and dress. But Georgiana would not join her. Her brother's recommendation was enough to ensure her favour: his judgment could not err, and he had spoken in such terms of Elizabeth as to leave Georgiana without the power of finding her otherwise than lovely and amiable. When Darcy returned to the saloon, Miss Bingley could not help repeating to him some part of what she had been saying to his sister. ``How very ill Eliza Bennet looks this morning, Mr. Darcy,'' she cried; ``I never in my life saw any one so much altered as she is since the winter. She is grown so brown and coarse! Louisa and I were agreeing that we should not have known her again.'' However little Mr. Darcy might have liked such an address, he contented himself with coolly replying that he perceived no other alteration than her being rather tanned -- no miraculous consequence of travelling in the summer. ``For my own part,'' she rejoined, ``I must confess that I never could see any beauty in her. Her face is too thin; her complexion has no brilliancy; and her features are not at all handsome. Her nose wants character; there is nothing marked in its lines. Her teeth are tolerable, but not out of the common way; and as for her eyes, which have sometimes been called so fine, I never could perceive any thing extraordinary in them. They have a sharp, shrewish look, which I do not like at all; and in her air altogether, there is a self-sufficiency without fashion which is intolerable.'' Persuaded as Miss Bingley was that Darcy admired Elizabeth, this was not the best method of recommending herself; but angry people are not always wise; and in seeing him at last look somewhat nettled, she had all the success she expected. He was resolutely silent however; and, from a determination of making him speak she continued, ``I remember, when we first knew her in Hertfordshire, how amazed we all were to find that she was a reputed beauty; and I particularly recollect your saying one night, after they had been dining at Netherfield, "She a beauty! -- I should as soon call her mother a wit." But afterwards she seemed to improve on you, and I believe you thought her rather pretty at one time.'' 第 28 页 共 25 页 ``Yes,'' replied Darcy, who could contain himself no longer, ``but that was only when I first knew her, for it is many months since I have considered her as one of the handsomest women of my acquaintance.'' He then went away, and Miss Bingley was left to all the satisfaction of having forced him to say what gave no one any pain but herself. Mrs. Gardiner and Elizabeth talked of all that had occurred during their visit, as they returned, except what had particularly interested them both. The looks and behaviour of every body they had seen weror bring back a false message from the city to whichhe is sent, or be proved to have brought back, whether from friends orenemies, in his capacity of herald or ambassador, what they have neversaid, let him be indicted for having violated, contrary to the law,the commands and duties imposed upon him by Hermes and Zeus, and letthere be a penalty fixed, which he shall suffer or pay if he beconvicted. Theft is a mean, and robber 第 29 页 共 25 页