盆腔脏器脱垂患者主韧带和阴道前壁中神经肽Y及其受体的
达及意义(可编辑)
盆腔脏器脱垂患者主韧带和阴道前壁中神经肽Y及其受
体的表达及意义
中国医科大学研究生学位论文独创性声明
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目 录
一、摘要
中文论著摘
要………………………………………………………………(1
英文论著摘
要…………………………………………………………………5
二、英文缩略
语…………………………………………………………………((10
三、论文
―U(―(1一
日?
吾……………………………………………………………………………………………………11
材料与方
法……………………………………………………………………(11
实验结
果………………………………………………………………………17
讨
论……………………………………………………………………………………………………25
结
论………………………………………………………………………………………………………28
四、本研究创新性的自我评
价……………………………………………………((29
五、参考文
献………………………………………………………………………30
六、附录
综
述………………………………………………………………………………………………………31
在学期间科研成
绩……………………………………………………………((40
致
谢………………………………………………………………………………………………………41
个人简
介………………………………………………………………………((42
??中文论著摘要??
盆腔脏器脱垂患者主韧带和阴道前壁中
神经肽Y及其受体的表达及意义
刖 吾
Floor
随着人口的老龄化,盆底功能障碍性疾病 Pelvic
Dysfunction,PFD
已经被越来越多的人重视,它已经成为众所周知的老年性疾病的
一种,主要包括
盆腔脏器脱垂 pelvicorgan
urinary
prolapse,POP 和压力性尿失禁
stress
PFD的研究主要集中在影像学、胶原代谢、生物力学、雌激素及
其受体等方面,
而对神经肌肉生理学研究甚少。正常阴道壁有丰富的神经纤维分
布,根据盆底神
经损伤机制,推测盆底组织神经递质的改变也可能参与PFD的发病。早在八十年
代,就有研究发现阴道壁内有肽能神经纤维,也有研究发现,人类生殖系统存在
intestinal
血管活性肠肽 vasoactive
peptide,VIP 、神经肽Y neuropeptideY,NPY 、
P物质 substanceP,SP 、降钙素基因相关肽 calcitonin
generelatedpeptide,CGRP 、
intestinal
生长抑素 somatostatin 等神经肽,以血管活性肠肽
vasoactivepeptide,
VIP 和神经肽Y neuropeptide
学院的Tatemoto首先从猪脑组织中纯化出的多肽,它属于胰多肽家族比1,本实
验通过检测盆底主韧带及阴道前壁组织中神经肽Y及其受体的表达情况,探讨神
经肽Y及其受体表达与POP发生发展的相关性。
材料与方法
一、材料
32例子宫脱垂患者的主韧带、膨出阴道前壁组织全层及17例非脱垂患者 宫
医科大学附属盛京医院妇科手术切除的组织。标本采集均经医院伦理委员会批准
及获得患者本人或家属的知情同意,并签署知情同意书。诊断标准依据1996年国
际尿控协会公布的POP(Q分度标准,子宫脱垂I度和II度共16例,为A组;I?
度和?度共16例,为B组。所有组织平均分成两份,一份经福尔马林固定,常规
石蜡包埋,另一份放入
1(5ml ,
Eppendorf管中液氮保存。
二、方法:
一 免疫组织化学染色
按链霉素抗生物素蛋白(过氧化物酶 S(P 法行免疫组织化学染色。切片常
规脱蜡,胃蛋白酶进行抗原修复,一抗4。C孵育过夜,DAB显
色,苏木素复染。
用PBS代替一抗作为阴性对照。结果判定:光镜下在每张切片中随机选取5个高
倍视野,细胞间质棕黄色染色为阳性染色。
-- RT-PCR
1、RNA的提取
TRIz01 。
从液氮中取出标本,TRIzol法提取总RNA 按100mg组织加lml
2、RT反应
取已提取的RNA
1(259l加入反转录反应液里进行反转录
合成cDNA 反应体
系为1091 。
3、PCR扩增
ACC ACA
CTG TCT CCCAC(3’,下游引
物
NPY-Y1引物:上游引物5'-CCA
5'-CCAGCAGGCTCCAAA
AGACAGGAG
G(3’;NPYoY2引物:上游引物5'-AGG
CGAGTA(3’,下游引物5'-AAGGTAAAG
CGAGTTCAG(3’;内参
照物采用p(肌
CGC CAC
GGG CCCAGGCA(3’,下游引物
动蛋白 p(acfin ,上游引物5'-GTG
5'-CTCCTT儿虹GTCACGCACGAT
TTC(3’。PCR反应体系扩增程序按以下条
件设定:940C40s,退火40s,72。C
后72?延伸7min。
4、电泳
PCR产物各5“l经2,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离,紫外灯下观察并拍照,进行图象
2
分析。
三、统计学分析
B组及对照组三组之间NPY-Y1及Y2mRNA的比较用单项方差分析,P 0(05为有
统计学意义。脱垂组NPY-Y1及Y2mRNA在主韧带及阴道前壁表达的相关性分别
采用pearson相关分析。
实验结果
一、NPY在主韧带及阴道前壁组织中的表达情况
各组患者主韧带主要由平滑肌细胞、纤维细胞和胶原成分构成,含有相当数
量的血管、神经等。镜下可见阴道壁由表及里分别由粘膜层、肌
层和外膜构成。
粘膜由上皮和固有层组成,上皮为角化不明显的复层扁平细胞;固有层主要为结
缔组织,其中可见平滑肌组织、小血管、毛细血管和小神经组织等结构。NPY在
各组患者大部分主韧带及阴道前壁上均有分布,显微镜下观察,NPY主要在平滑
肌细胞、胶原成分、纤维细胞中表达,并与血管关系密切。在脱垂组主韧带及阴
道前壁组织中的阳性表达率分别为25(O,、34(4,,低于对照组分别为76(5,、70(6,
性 产O(024、0(035 。
二、NPY-Y1、Y2
mRNA在主韧带及阴道前壁组织中的表达情
况
通过RT(PCR发现,NPY(Y1及Y2mRNA在主韧带及阴道前壁组织中均有表
达。
在主韧带中,脱垂组NPY(Y1mRNA表达水平较对照组有升高趋势,差异有统
计学意义 P -0(003 。A、B两组之间比较NPY(Y1mRNA表达情况,差异无统计
学意义 尸(0(342 ,A组与对照组之间以及B组与对照组之间差异均有统计学意
mRNA表达水平较对照组有升高趋势,但
义 p O(016,P 0(001 。脱垂组NPY(Y2
差异无统计学意义 P--0(170 。A、B两组之间、A组与对照组
之间以及B组与对
照组之间比较NPY―Y2
3
P 0(065 。
在阴道前壁中,脱垂组NPY(Y1mRNA表达水平较对照组有升高趋势,差异有
统计学意义 尸:0(012 。A、B两组之间比较NPY(Y1mRNA表达情况,差异无统
( 计学意义 卢O(861 ,A组与对照组之间以及B组与对照组之间差异均有统计学
意义 P--0(013,P -0(008 。脱垂组NPY(Y2mRNA表达水平较对照组有升高趋势,
差异有统计学意义 P O(002 。
三、NPY(Y1及NPY:-Y2mRNA表达的相关性
对脱垂组中NPY-Y1及Y2
mRNA进行pearson相关分析,结果显示:在主韧带
组织中,r---0(415,P 0(018,提示NPY-Y1及Y2mRNA在脱垂组表达呈正相关,且
mRNA
相关度较大。在阴道前壁组织中,r (0。216,P 0(235,提示NPY-Y1及Y2
在脱垂组表达无相关性。
结 论
l、子宫脱垂患者主韧带及阴道前壁组织中的NPY参与了POP的发生、发展。
2、子宫脱垂患者主韧带中NPY-Y1可能促进了子宫脱垂的发生。
3、子宫脱垂患者阴道前壁组织中NPY-Y1及Y2可能共同促进了子宫脱垂的发
生。
4、子宫脱垂患者主韧带中NPY-Y1及Y2可能在子宫脱垂发生发展中有协同作
用。
关键词
神经肽Y;翁底功能障碍性疾病;盆腔脏器脱垂;子宫脱垂
4
??英文论著摘要??
and of
Yand
Expressions
SignificanceNeuropeptide
its
inCardinal
andAnterior
Receptors
Ligament
WallTissueof
Pelvic
Vaginal
OrganProlapse
Abstract
Asthe
andmore
attentionto
populationaging,more
floor
peoplepay
pelvic
disease(Ithasbeenknownasa
diseaseof
dysfunction
older,mainly
includingpelvic
and
stress
organ incontinence(POPandSUIoften it
prolapse urinary CO(exist(andhas
various
and recent
etiology ofthePFDfocusedon
pathogenesis(Inyears,the
study
andits
the
imaging,collagen
metabolism,bio-mechanics,
estrogenreceptor,etc(,while
liRlenerve―muscle
normal wall
isrichinnerve
physiology(The
vaginal
fibers,
tothe
mechanismof floornerve
according the in
pelvic
injury,suggestingchanges
neurotransmittersalsobeinvolvedin
pelvicorgan the ofPFD(As
may
pathogenesis
asinthe
foundthattherewere
early eighties,the nervefiberswithin
study
peptidergic
the
inhuman
vaginalwall,and alsofoundtheexistenceof
reproductive
system
vasoactiveintestinal
substance
peptide,neuropeptideY P’
calcitonin
generelated
intestinaland
peptide,somatostatin,etc(Vasoactive
Yismost
peptideneuropeptide
abundantinall
1 Wasa
to
neuropeptide(In982,NPY
polypeptidebelongspancreatic
whichWasfirst from
braintissueTatemotoin
polypeptidefamily purified
porcine
by
theSwedish
Karolinska
Institute,which(Inorderto the between
explorerelationship
the
of Yandits
andtheoccurrenceand
expressionneuropeptide
receptor
development
of use
themethodof the
POP,we main and
tissue(
detecting pelvicligamentsvaginal
Materialsand
methods
1、Tissue and
samplesgroups
POPandseventeen
NON(POPcardinal
Thirty―two and anterior
ligamentparies
tissue wereobtained
from
vaginasespecimens underwentresectionat
patients surgical
ofChinaMedical
between
ShengjingHospital 2008 and2009
University
January
5
collectionwere
theEthicsCommitteeandobtained
October(Specimen approvedby
informed the themselvesortheir informed
consent
families,
andsigned
by patients
consent(Wethe criteriaofthe standards the
used
diagnostic POP-Q publishedby
InternationalContinencein1996(Atotalof16caseswim
IandIIof
Society degree
POPforA totalof16cases、析m IIIandIVofPOPforB the
group;a degree group(All
weredividedintotwo
Wasfixedformalinandembeddedin
samples parts(One by
theotheronewasinto tubeand in
paraffin,and put
Eppendorfpreservedliqudnitrogen(
2、Methods
Immunohistochemistry
ImmunohistochemicalWas the
staining by
performed
method(Thesectionswere
to
deparaffinized,waterprocessed,
treatedbypepsinexpose
andincubatedwith at4(0"C colorwas
antigen primaryantibody overnight(The
diaminobenzidineandthesectionswerecounterstained、析tll
developed、析tll
hematoxylin(
Forthe antibodieswere PBS(
control,the
nonspecificreagent primary replacedby
5
Resultsassessment:Useimmunohistochemicalmethod:choose
semiquantitative high
has
field wethiIlkthatitis ifit in
buffy
powerrandomly x400 andpositiveexpression
intercellularsubstance(
RT-PCR
ofRNA:
1 Extraction
RNA
Takeoutofthe from extract themethod
specimensliqudnitrogen,and using
of lmlTRIzol1
TRIzol usingper00mgtissue (
reaction:
2 RT
Put RNAwhichhasbeenextractedintoreverse
reaction
1(25Itl
transcriptionliquid
undertakereverse
to
transcription(
3 PCRamplification
NPY-Y1 5'-CCACTGACCTCTACACCC
AC一3’,
primers:upstreamprimer
5'-CCAGCAGGC
downstream TCCAAAG??3’:NPY-Y2
primers:upstream
primer
CAGGAGCGA
5'-AAGGTA
5’??AGGAGA
GTA-3’,downstream
primer primet
theframe
AAGCGAGTT ofreference
CAG一3’;within 13-actin,theupstream
using
CGCCCC CAC CTT
5'-GTGGGG AGG 5'-CTC
CA一3‘,downstream
primer primer
GAT ofPCR set
AATGTCACGCAC TTC一3’(Procedure Was
amplification
according
to of
that:94* 240s,anneal40s,72"C40s,35 anneal
cycles。The p一
temperature
6
andY2were
were
55(5"C,52(5?,50(7?(Before
actin,NPY-Y1 amplification,they
receivedin94。Cfor extendedfor7minafter
3min,and
amplification(
4 Electrophoresis
ofPCRwasunderwentin
Gel
Electrophoresis(
51xlproduction separation2,
Agarose
the
Thentakea underultraviolet
analysepicture(
picture lamp,and
3、Statistical
analysis
wasusedforall test
Thestatistical SPSS13(0
chi―square
package
analyses(The
used betweenNPY andclinical
Was todeterminethecorrelation
expression
ofNPY-Y1 andY2rnRNA A,Band
factors(The
group
pathological comparison among
wereconsidered
control Wasanalized ofvariance(ValuesofP 0(05
group byanalysis
1 mRNA in
betweenNPYoYandY2
expression
statisticallysignificant(Therelationship
was test(
cardinal and anterior tissueanalized
by
ligamentparies vaginase pearson
Results
anterior
ofNPYinthecardinal and
paries
1(Expression ligament
tissue
vaginase
are constitutedsmooth
In ofeach cardinal
patients group,the ligamentsmainly by
numberof
muscle and aconsiderable
cells,fibroblastscollageningredients,containing
mucous
bloodvesselsand wallisconstituted
layer
nerves(Vaginal by layer,muscular
is of
andadventitiafromoutsidetoinsideunder
composed
pose microscope(Mucosa
is which
andlamina the stratified
epithelium propria,andepithelium pinacocyte
ofconnective
keratinizednot whilethelamina is
obviously
propriamainlycomposed
and
whichwecallseesmoothmuscle blood
tissue,in tissues,small
vessels,capillaries
and
smallnervetissuestructure(NPYinboththecardinal
express ligamentparies
anterior tissueinall underthe
microscope,NPYmainly
vaginase patients(Observed
inthesmoothmuscle andfiber
cells,with
expressed cells,collagencomposition
vessels(The rateofNPYincardinal
toblood
ligament
relationship positiveexpression
thanthe
and anterior tissueofPOP is
25(O,,
34(4,,lower
paries vaginase group
and anterior
control cardinal
paries
group76(5,,70(6,俨 0(001,0(020 (Inligament
thePOP in
isless
tissueof ofNPY B
vaginase group,theexpression
groupprolapsed
a
than Was
significant
group
difference statisticaloftwo
according analysisgroups 芦0(024,0(035 (
7
1 thecardinal
and
ofNPY-YandY2mRNAin
2(Expression
ligament
anterior tissue
panes vaglnase
In foundthat Y2 were inthecardinal
NPY-Y1and mRNA
RT-PCR,we
expressed
and anterior tissue(
ligament
paries vaginase
Inthe NPY-Y1 mRNA levelinPOP has
cardinal
group
ligaments,the expression
the toincreasecontrasttothecontrol thedifferencewas
tendency group,and
differencebetweenAandBisn’t
statisticallysignificant P O(003 (Thegroup
differencebetweenAandcontrol
statisticallysignificant P O(342 (Thegroup group
as
aswellbetweenBandcontrolare 1
6,P
group
groupstatisticallysignificant P O(0
O(00 NPY-Y2mRNA levelinPOP hasthe to
1 (The expression group tendency
contrast not
increase tothecontrol thedifferenceis
group,but statisticallysignificant
and wellas Aand
differencesbetweenA between
P O(1 B,aS
70 (The group group
control betweenBandcontrolarenot
statistically
group group group significant P
0(492,P 0(240,P 0(065 (
Inthe anterior NPY-Y1mRNA levelinPOP
vaginasetissue,the
paries expression
hasthe toincreasecontrasttothecontrol thedifferencewas
group tendency group,and
1
differencebetweenAandBisn’t
statisticallysignificant P 0(02 (The group
differencebetweenAandcontrol
statisticallysignificant P O(861 (nlegroup group
aswellasbetweenBandcontrol are 1
3,P
group
groupstatisticallysignificant P O(0
NPY-Y2mRNA levelinPOP hasthe to
0(008 (The expression group tendency
increasecontrasttothecontrol thedifferenceWasnot
group,and statisticallysignificant
A
differencesbetweenAand wellasbetween and
P 0(002 (The group B,as group
control arenot difference
group statistically
B
between andcontrolis
group significant P 0(002 (
groupstatistically
mRNA
3(The betweenNPVYl andNPVY2
relationship expression
the
andY2mRNAwim
While betweenNPY-Y1
analizingrelationship pearson
testinPOP showedthat:inthecardinal
tissue,r 0(415,P
group,results ligament
that thePOP Was
0(01 NPY-Y1andY2mRNA in
8,prompted expression group
relevant the anterior tissue
related,谢tll higher
positively degree(Inparies vaginase
r:-0(21 thatNPY-Y1 in
POP
andY2mRNA the
6,P 0(235,prompted expression group
hadnocorrelation(
8
Conclusions
and
bothcardinal
ofNPYin paries
ligament
POP
1、In expression
group,the
of
and
withthe development
havea
tissue relationshipgenesis
amerior may
vaginaSe
POP(
totheoccu玎e眦e
havecontributed
1 incardinal may
POP ligament
2、In
group,NPY-Y
ofuterine
prolapse(
tissue
in anterior
andY2
mayjointly
POP vaginase
3、In paries
group,NPY-Y1
ofuterine
theoccurrence
prolapse(
promot
have effect
1 andY2incardinal synergistic
may
4、InPOP ligament
group,NPY-Y
withuterine
in
main
of patients
and POP,theligament
iIlthe development
genesis
ofuterine
and
betheoccurrence
andY2 development
inNPY-Y1
may
prolapse
prolapse(
Words
Key
floor
prolapse
organprolapse;uterine
dysfunction;pelvic
Y;pelvic
neuropeptide
9
??英文缩略语??
10
??论文??
盆腔脏器脱垂患者主韧带和阴道前壁中
神经肽Y及其受体的表达及意义
刖 声
floor
女性盆底功能障碍性疾病 pelvicdysfunction,PFD ,是各种病因导致的
盆底支持组织薄弱,进而盆腔脏器移位,连锁引发其它盆腔器官的位置和功能异
常的一类疾病,其主要包括盆腔器官脱垂 pelvicorganprolapse,POP 及压力性
尿失禁 stress
urinary
提高,盆底功能障碍性疾病已经被越来越多的人重视。POP与SUI常并存,其病因
和发病机理多样。目前认为,分娩造成盆底肌肉组织部分去神经支配和阴部神经
障碍在POP及SUI患者尤为明显。神经障碍可导致局部肌肉萎缩变薄,张力降低。
盆底神经损伤所致盆底肌肉薄弱,引起盆底支持及压力传导障碍,参与了POP及
SUI的发生。正常阴道壁有丰富的神经纤维分布,根据盆底神经损伤机制,推测盆
底组织神经递质的改变也可能参与PFD的发病?3。研究发现,人类生殖系统存在
intestinal
多种神经肽,以血管活性肠肽 vasoactive
peptide,VIP 和神经肽Y
Y,NPY 最为丰富。本实验通过检测盆底主韧带及阴道前壁组织
neuropeptide
中神经肽Y及其受体的表达情况,探讨神经肽Y及其受体表达与POP发生发展的相
关性。
材料与方法
一、材料
子宫脱垂组织标本:49例组织标本均来自中国医科大学附属盛京医院妇产科
2008年1月至2009年10月诊断为子宫脱垂并行子宫全切术或全盆底悬吊术患者的
主韧带及膨出阴道前壁组织全层。标本采集均经医院伦理委员会批准及获得患者
本人或家属的知情同意,并签署知情同意书。诊断标准依据1996年国际尿控协会
为A组,III组和IV组为B组。另取非脱垂组17例 同期相应年龄因宫颈鳞癌Ib期行
广泛子宫切除术患者的主韧带及阴道前壁组织全层标本 做对照。术中切取患者
组织平均分成两份,一份经福尔马林固定,常规石蜡包埋,另一份放入1(5ml
Eppendorf管中液氮保存。
实验组及对照组所有患者均已婚,有经阴道分娩史,无其他结缔组织疾病,
手术前3个月未用任何雌激素药物治疗,术后病理回报无任何雌激素相关性疾病
如子宫肌瘤,子宫内膜异位症,功能性卵巢肿瘤等 。脱垂组与对照组在年龄、
孕次、产次、体重指数等方面差异无统计学意义 胗O(05 ,具有可比性 表1 。
二、实验试剂和仪器
l、主要试剂
兔抗人神经肽Y抗体购自武汉博士德生物工程有限公司,二氨基联苯胺
DAB 显色剂及S-P试剂盒、胃蛋白酶购自北京中杉生物技术有限公司。
RT-PCR试剂盒购自TAKARA公司,DL(2000Marker购自大连宝生物生物工程公
司。
2、主要仪器
自动电泳凝胶成像系统分析仪:香港
低温高速冷冻离心机 5417R -德国
PCR仪:TAKARA
12
电泳仪 BG-Power600i -北京
洁净工作台:北京半导体设备一厂
三、方法
一 免疫组化方法
1、组织切片在室温常规脱蜡
1 二甲苯I10min。
10min。
2 二甲苯II
3 无水酒精5min。
4 95,、85,、75,酒精各5min。
5 蒸馏水冲洗5min。
2、3,过氧化氢浸泡室温10min。
3、PBS室温冲洗三次每次3min。
4、胃蛋白酶室温消化60分钟。
5、蒸馏水冲洗室温3min。
6、PBS冲洗室温3min。
7、加血清室温10min。
8、加一抗4。C冰箱过夜 兔抗人NPY抗体1:50稀释 。
9、PBS室温冲洗三次每次5min