超声波检测

超声波检测工艺规程 Ultrasonic Examination Procedure 1、 范围Scope 1、 适用于母材厚度不小于10mm的铁素体类钢全焊透熔化焊对接焊缝脉冲反射法手工超声波检测。 It is applicable for the ferrite steel plate fun penetration weld material that the thickness not less than 10mm. 2、 不适用于奥氏体不锈钢焊缝以及未经热处理的电渣焊焊缝；外径小于250mm或内外径之比小于0.8筒体纵向焊缝；筒体（或管件）外径小于200mm的周向焊缝；各种尺寸的曲面相贯焊缝。 It is not applicable for as follows: 1) Austenitic stainless steel welding line and electricity residue weld seam not by heat treatment; (2) the column longitudinal welding line which the outer diameter less than 250mm or the inside and outside diameter ratio is less than 0.8;(3) the welding line which the column or pipe piece outer diameter less than 200mm; (4) al kinds of seam which the curve surface passed through. 2、 和引用文件Standard and Reference Documents 1、 按照无损检测超声波探伤的标准：GB11345-1989、JB/T4730:3-2005、CB/T3559-94、CB/T3177-94、CB1134-85、CB/Z211-84。 According to ultrasonic examination standard: GB11345-1989, JB/T4730:3-2005, CB/T3559-94, CB/T3177-94, CB1134-85 and CB/Z211-84. 2、 国际船级社协会规范IACS、中国国家标准及各产品所入船级社的规范。 According to IACS， CNS and Class Rules. 3、 定义Definition 1、 无损检测NDT：在不损伤被检物使用性能的情况下检测其质量状况和质量等级。 NDT: Check the quality condition and quality grade in the circumstances of not damage the performance of inspected substance. 2、 超声波检测（UT）是一种利用超声波在介质界面发生反射、折射、散射等传播的特性来判断被检物的内部质量。 UT is using ultrasonic at medium interface to reflect, refraction, dispersion, etc. radiate characteristic to estimate inside quality of the inspected substance. 3、 超声波探头是超声检测中实现电—声转换的器件，也称为超声换能器，其电—声转换时可逆的，且转换时间极短，可以忽略不计。 Ultrasonic detector is the device which made the conversion for electric and ultrasonic. It is reversible between electric & ultrasonic. The reverse time is very shore, so it is neglect. 4、 安全Safety 1、 严格按仪器操作规程使用。 Use the instrument to be according to the operation procedure strictly. 2、 高空作业时注意人身安全的同时要把超声波仪器要放置好，严防坠落。 Pay attention to person safety and the machine to be binding security to avoid falling when working at heights. 5、 检测人员Inspection person 1、 从事焊缝探伤的检测人员必须掌握超声波探伤的基础技术，具有足够的焊缝超声波探伤经验，并掌握一定的材料、焊接基础知识； UT inspection person need know ultrasonic examination basic technology and have sufficient ultrasonic examination experience and also to be know the material and welding basic knowledge. 2、 焊缝超声波检测人员应按有关规程或技术条件的规定经严格的培训和考核，并持有相应考核组织颁发的等级资格证，从事相对应考核项目的检测工作（UT检测一般须由国家认可的资质等同于Ⅱ级的人员进行，I级人员检测须在Ⅱ级人员监督下方可进行）。 UT inspection person to be training and examining strictly according to the respective regulations, and must have qualification certificate issued by corresponding examination department. 3、 检测人员的视力应每年检查一次，矫正视力不应低于1.0，无色盲和色弱。 The inspection person must check up vision year after year, the emendation vision to be not less than 1.0 and have no color blindness and color feebleness. 6、 标识和基准点Sign and datum mark 1、 所有检测部位均以无损检测图进行定位定量。 All inspected place to be carried out orientation and ration according to NDE plan. 2、 凡检测发现需修补部位现场均以记号笔形式标定。 Any needed repaired place will be signed with mark pen at site. 7、 面准备Surface preparation 1、 焊后至探伤间隔时间按有关要求确定； The interval time between after welding and examination to be confirmed according to the specified requirement. 2、 检测区焊缝两侧母材表面上的油垢、锈斑、飞溅氧化皮必须清除，探测面应该光滑平整，板缝常规检测区域为（板厚×2+50mm）×450mm。 The measured surface and both side of welding line to be cleaned and dried without oil dirty, rust spot, splash, etc. The examination surface to be smooth, the welding line inspection area usually is （plate thickness×2+50mm）×450mm. 8、 检测范围Inspection scope 1、 船体外板、甲板、CM节点等板缝端部为必检区域； The seam end of shell plate, deck, CM detail etc., is the necessary inspection area. 2、 所有与铸铁连接的板缝为全部检测。 It must be full inspection for seams of connection with casting piece. 9、 检测设备说明Inspection equipment description 1、超声波检测仪Ultrasonic examination machine 设备名称 Name 规格型号 Type 主要技术指标 Major technique index 生产厂家 Maker 出厂编号 Serial No 超声波检测仪Ultrasonic examination machine PXUT-3300 5000mm NANTONG YOULIAN E10824 PXUT-350C 5000mm T10242 PXUT-V1 5000mm T10128 注：①必须经国家法定计量机构标定后方可使用； The instrument must be calibrated by national statutory organization. ②设备类型为A型显示脉冲反射式探伤仪，工作频率范围为1～5MHz，动态范围不小于26 dB。衰减器或增益控制器精度在任意12DB范围内的工作误差不超过±1DB，总调节量不小于60DB。 For type A display pulse reflecting examination machine, working frequency range is 1～5MHz, dynamic range is not less than 26dB. 2、探头：符合标准要求的直探头和斜探头 Detector: measure up straight and inclined detector 3、试块：①标准试块采用ⅡW试块；②对比试块：一般采用CTRB-Ⅱ试块。 Test piece: ① The standard test piece is adoptⅡW; ② Contrast test piece is adopt CTRB-Ⅱ. 4、耦合剂：应具有良好的透声性能和适当的粘度，并对被检工件和人体无损害，检后容易清理。 Couplant is to be favorable ultrasonic penetration performance and appropriate viscidity, and not damage to the inspected object and human body, easy clear it after inspection. 10、 设备校验Equipment verification 1、 每隔3个月至少对仪器的水平线性和垂直线性进行一次测定。 The inspection instrument shall be determined horizontal linearity and the vertical linearity once every 3 months. 11、 设备检查Equipment inspection 1、 使用前仪器和探头系统测定： Determine the instrument and detector before using it. 1 使用仪器-斜探头系统，检测前应测定前沿距离、K值和主声束偏移，调节或复核扫描量程和扫查灵敏度。 When the used instrument have inclined detector, determine foreland distance, K value, excursion of main sound beam and adjust or recheck the scanning depth and sensitivity before inspection. 2 使用仪器-直探头系统，检测前应测定始脉冲宽度、灵敏度余量和分辨率，调节或复核扫描量程和扫查灵敏度。 When the used instrument have straight detector, determine the beginning pulse breadth, sensitivity remaining capacity and distinguish rate, adjust or recheck the scanning depth and sensitivity before inspection. 2、 检测过程中仪器和探头系统的复核：遇有下述情况应对系统进行复核： Check the instrument and detector if have the following circumstances during inspection. 1 校准后的探头、耦合剂发生改变时； When the detector and couplant have change after calibration. 2 检测人员怀疑扫描量程或扫查灵敏度有变化时； When inspection person have doubt for the scanning depth and sensitivity. 3 连续工作8个小时以上时；When continuous working for more than 8 hours. 4 工作结束时。When finishing the work. 3、 检测结束前仪器和探头系统的复核： Check the instrument and detector system before finishing the inspection. 1 每次检测结束前，应对扫描量程进行复核。如果任意一点在扫描线上的偏移超过扫描线读数的10%，则扫描量程应重新调整，并对上一次复核以来所有的检测部位进行复检； Check scanning depth before finishing inspection every time. If the excursion of a random point on the scanning beam is exceeds 10% readings, that the scanning depth to be readjust, and recheck all inspection places since last time. 2 每次检测结束前，应对扫查灵敏度进行复核。一般对距离-波幅曲线的校准不应少于3点。如曲线上任何一点幅度下降2dB，则应对上一次复核以来所有的检测部位进行复核；如幅度上升2dB，则应对所有的记录信号进行重新评定。 Check examination sensitivity before finishing inspection every time. Usually the calibration between distance and amplitude curve is not less than 3 points. It must be recheck all inspection places since last time if a random point on the curve drops for 2dB. If a random point on the curve rises for 2dB, it must be reassess all recorded signals. 12、 技术详情Technology detail 1、 扫查覆盖率：为确保检测时超声声束能扫查到工件的整个被检区域，探头的每次扫查覆盖率应大于探头直径的15% 。 The detector examination covered rate to be morn than 15% of the diameter of the detector to make insure checking the full inspected area during inspection. 2、 探头的移动速度：不超过150㎜/s 。 Move speed of the detector: not more than 150mm/s. 3、 扫查灵敏度：扫查灵敏度通常不得低于基准灵敏度。 Check the sensitivity and usually it is not less than criterion sensitivity. 4、 灵敏度补偿通常为4 dB。 Usually the sensitivity compensation is 4dB. 13、 结果评定Result assess 1、 严格按照相关验收标准对结果进行记录，船舶焊缝一般按CB/T3559-94标准来验收。 Assess the inspection conclusion according to the specified standard. 14、 结果报告Result report 1、 根据现场检测情况如实填写检测记录，然后再出具检测报告； Fill in the inspection record according to the facts, then work out the inspection report. 2、 检测报告内容应包含：船号或零件号、设备种类、参数/灵敏度、结论、操作人及其资质、检验时间、监督人签名、船级社签署等。 The inspection report contents include the project name, part number, equipment kind, parameter/sensitivity, conclusion, inspection person and qualification，inspection date, inspector sign, class sign, etc. 15、 不符合要求的陈述Statement for not up to the standard 如遇不能按照工艺规程要求进行检测时，将根据现场实际情况通过与船东、船检沟通、协商处理。 If the inspection can not carried out according to the inspection procedure, it should be consult with class surveyor and owner representative according the site circumstance. 16、 附属文件Attached Documents 1、 图纸（无损检测图）NDE Plan 2、 照片Photo 3、 无损检测工艺Ultrasonic examination procedure 4、 超声波检测记录、报告等UT inspection report and record Page 5 of 5