自考本科英语二复习资料

3)Some people think that the attention earlier this year in 自考“英语(二)”资料 Start of Bethlehem could have been several highly publicized cases. 第一单元 a supernova. 4)A Filipino maid was executed 1.常考单词: 4)If a man fell into a black in Singapore after being convicted goal，objective，accomplish， hole，he would think that he reached of murder，despite protests form predict，accompany，implement， the center of it very quickly. various quarters that her guilt had tendency，achievement，argue， 5)It is only recently that not been adequately established. budget，define，entity astronomers have begun specific 5)She used to work for a very 2. 常考词组: research into black holes. low wage at a tea factory in Sri in the way，in part，point of 6)On the other hand，scientists Lanka. contribute to，to apply for，view， have suggested that every advanced 6)Because she found it in hand，to turn down technology could one day make use difficult to feed her four 3. 常考句子: of the energy of black holes for children，she accepted a job 1)A decision is a choice made mankind. working as a domestic in London. from among alternative courses of 7)So if they do complain，they 第三单元 action that are available. 1.常考单词: risk being deported. 2)Often managers must make a weaken deteriorate debate 第五单元 best guess at what the future will legal request criterion ensure 1.常考单词: be and try to leave as little as oppose tradition consideration Musician，rhythmic，distinct，possible to chance. disabled burden vulnerable consciousness，originate，readily，)If there is no choice，there 3 prohibition sensitive instrument，electronic，thereby，is no decision to be made. 2. 常考词组: passive，participant 4)For managers every decision to debate on to make request 2. 常考词组: has constraints based on politics， for be opposed to to take „ to take place to take over procedures，laws，precedents and into account to take on in a sense at a the like. 3. 常考句子: stretch to serve as in advance 5)For example，managers 1)Affected with a serious for the sake of sometimes treat problems in an disease，van Wendal was no longer 常考句子: 3. either/or fashion. able to speak clearly and he knew 1)The new music was built out 6)Decision makers must have there was no hope of recovery and of materials already in existence. some way of determining which of 2that his condition was rapidly )Folk music，old and modern，several alternatives is best - that deteriorating. was popular among college is，which contributes the most to 2)Van Wendel's last three students. the achievement of organizational months of life before being given 3)They freely took over goals. a final，lethal injection by his elements form jazz，from American 7)In the larger scheme of doctor were filmed and first shown country music. things，however，increased funding on television last year in the 4)With records at home，for research to improve the Netherlands. listeners imitated these lighting products might be more beneficial 3)The programme has since been effects as best they could. to the organization. bought by 20 countries and each 第六单元 8)Some of these objectives are time it is shown，it starts a 1.常考单词: more important than others，but the nationwide debate on the subject. order and degree of importance 4)What those people who oppose efficiency increasingly instaloften vary form person to person euthanasia are telling me is that l personnel expose reduction and from department to department. dying people haven't the right. 第二单元 第四单元 completion specific switch cr 1.常考单词: 1.常考单词: itical intensity scale escape，explode，collapse， demestic statistics defective shrink，gravity，measurement， diplomat exploit campaign exe 2. 常考词组: basis，launch，convincing， cute convict despite deservin in that in question companion，speculation，swallow， g shelf minimum status deport plenty of operate，to make use of，a great 2. 常考句子: 3. 常考句子: many，above all 1)There are estimated to be 1)Most of today's robots are 2. 常考句子: more than 20，000 overseas domestic employed in the automotive 1)Astronomers and scientists servants working in Britain. industry，where they are programmed think that a black hole is a region 2)Of these 20，000，just under to take over such jobs as welding of space into which matter has 2，000 are being exploited and and spray painting automobile and fallen and from which nothing can abused by their employers. truck bodies. escape. 3)The sad condition of women 2)Robots，already taking over 2)The theory is that some stars working as domestics around the human tasks in the automotive field explode when their density world received much media are beginning to be seen，although increases to a particular point. to a lesser degree，in other encourages participation in games， to approximate to industries as well. sports and cultural pursuits are resistance to to cope with 3)The robots used in nuclear likely to contribute to the shaping attribute „ to power plants handle the of leisure attitudes on the part of 3. 常考句子: radioactive materials，preventing the students. 1)Nation classified as human personnel from being exposed 7)Schools usually set as their “aged” when they have 7percent of to radiation. educational objective the more of their people aged 65 or 4)Robots differ from automatic attainment of a balanced above. (para.1) development of the person. )The nearer a society machines in that after completion 2 they can be 8)The more seriously this is approximates to zero population of one specific task， reprogrammed by a computer to do sought，the more likely positive growth，the older its population is another one. attitudes towards leisure as well likely to be - at least，for any 5)Engineers skilled in as academic work will be future that concerns us now. microelectronics and computer encouraged. 3)The older you are now，of technology are developing 第八单元 course，the greater this proportion artificial vision for robots. 1.常考单词: will be，and greater still if you 6)With the ability to “see”， are a woman. robots can identify and inspect one flight negotiation transport 4)If you are now in your specific class of objects out of a internal external rhovercome thirties，you ought to be aware that stack of different kinds of ythm feasible assumption promyou can expect to live nearly one materials. ote third of the rest of your life after 7)Anyone wanting to understand 2. 常考词组: the age of 60. the industry of the future will effect on to blame„ on 第十单元 have to know about robotics. to advantage now that 1.常考单词: 第七单元 out of step to leave „ alone 1.常考单词: 3. 常考句子: election vote certainty loyal 1)The problem of Jet Lag is one ty decline democrat strategy attach underlie releevery international traveler comes research vant positive possession desiacross at some time. (para.1) pursue impact headquarters ecrable relaxation occupation u 2)The effects of rapid travel onomy stir congress representrban on the body are actually far more ative acquire participation 2. 常考词组: disturbing than we realize. 2. 常考词组: be concerned with be (para.2) to identify„„as impact relevant to to set „ as 3)He later blamed his poor on objective judgement on Jet Lag. (para.3) 3. 常考句子: 3. 常考句子: 4)Now that we understand what 1)Candidates try to project a 1)People in advanced Jet lag is，we can go some way to strong leadership image. (para.4) industrial societies are overcoming it.(para.4) 2)Whether voters accept this increasingly concerned with 5)The other belongs in our image，however，depends more on opportunities for leisure. internal clocks which，left alone，external factors than on a 2)The importance people attach would tie the body to a 25 hour - candidate's personal to paid holidays and the rapid yes，25 - rhythm.(para.5) characteristics. (para. 4) development of services for mass 6)In time the physiological 此句注意主语从句作主语。 entertainment and recreation are system will reset itself，but it 3)A year later，with the signs of this increasing concern. does take time. (para7) nation's economy in trouble，Bush's 3)The specific use of leisure 7)One reason for this approval rating dropped below 40 varies from individual to discrepancy is that different percent. individual. bodily events are controlled by 4)Candidates are particularly 4)Since leisure is basically different factors. (para.8) concerned with winning the states self-determined，one is able to 8)It is not feasible to wait which have the largest population. take to one's interests and four days until the body is used to 5)Clinton received only 43 preferences and get involved in the new time zone. (para.9) percent of the popular vote in an activity in ways that will bring 第九单元 1992，compared with Bush's 38 enjoyment and satisfaction. 1.常考单词: percent and Perot's 19 percent. 5)Basically，such attitudes classify approximate proportio 第十一单元 amount to a recognition that n appreciation acknowledge al 1.常考单词: leisure is an important area of ter lengthen wealthy neglect disorder irrelevant life and a belief that Leisure can expectation misleading and should be put to good use. 2. 常考词组: irresponsible eventual 6)For example，the degree to replace partly undergo suiwhich and the ways in which a school table to do research into be central to be irrelevant to to to to put off be confronted but on the tastes of the individual aim for with to gaze at be unaware who undertake it. 2. 常考句子: of to impress„on be free 3)The difference does not， 1)The use of animals has been from be beneficial to for example，coincide with the central to the development of 2. 常考句子: difference between a manual and a anaesthetics. 1)At its best，daydreaming was mental job. 2)Animal research is considered a compensatory 4)So that it is natural for him irrelevant to our health and it can substitute for the real things in to imagine that the fewer hours he life. often produce misleading results. has to spend laboring，and the more 3)People and animals are 2)There are always those who hours he is free to play，the different in their reactions to would substitute fantasy lives for better. drugs and in the way their bodies the rewards of real activity. work. (para.2) 第十四单元 4)It would be completely 3)Most people suffer from a 1.常考单词: irresponsible and unethical to use lack of daydreaming rather than an drugs on people that had not been excess of it. (para.2) device compassion grab belthoroughly tested on animals. 4)Not only are they less able onging threatening 5)The eventual aim of computer to deal with the pressure of convince foster persuasion day-to-day existence，but also to modeling is to reduce the number of avail suspect profound animals used in experiments. their self -control and convince sb. to do sth. to 6)Many other new techniques self-direction become endangered. comment on are now available that enable more (para.2) 2. 常考句子: research to be done in the test tube 5)But its beneficial effects 1)It was a microcassette found to see if chemicals produce harmful go beyond this. (para. 3) in Kathleen Weinstein's shirt biological effects. Go beyond 示“超越 „，不仅pocket that not only led police to 7)The number of animals used 仅是 „ ” her alleged killer but also in laboratory tests has declined 6)Historically，scientists and revealed the New Jersey teacher to inventors are one group that seems over the last 20 years. be a woman of extraordinary courage 8)This is partly due to to take full advantage of relaxed and compassion. alternatives and partly to the fact moments. 本句是个强调句，另外注意 that experiments are better Take advantage of 利用 found 的用法 designed so fewer need to be used. 7)Whenever confronted with a 2)It was there，police believe， 9)Professor David Morton of task which seemed too hard to be that Weinstein was able to activate the department is involved in dealt with，he would stretch out on the recorder she kept in her bag. animal research and is concerned his laboratory sofa and let 本句是强调句。 with reducing animal suffering as fantasies flood his mind. (para.7) 3)Weinstein's body，with hands much as possible. 8) Picture yourself as winning and feet bound，was discovered by 10)This includes keeping them and that will contribute a hiker on March17. in more suitable cages. remarkably to success. 4)But before she died she include 后面接动名词作宾语。 The important thing to somehow slipped the microcassette 11)In the US，one experiment remember is to picture these into her pocket without her killer in nerve regeneration involves desired objectives as if you had knowing it. cutting a big nerve in a rat's leg. already attained them. 第十五单元 involve 后面接动名词作宾语。 第十三单元 1.常考单词: 12)When it comes to research 1.常考单词: into heart disease and its effects solely content sensible peron the body，or diseases of the compel voluntary undertake sist vital logic evaluate brain for example，we do not have coincide manual raw ultimate functional adequate substitutes for the use of efficiency compulsion divisiextension undue concrete canimals. on eliminate boring amusemonquer error prolong techn When it comes to 当提到 „ 的ent so far as „knows to ician proof possess to pull 时候 coincide with attitude down to mistake„for to 第十二单元 toward to go in for distinguish between to come to 1.常考单词: 2. 常考句子: terms with to end in to reflect symptom intellectual 1)He cannot be really happy if on to come about to speculate detail initial h is compelled by society to do what on inventor confront he does not enjoy doing. 2.常考句子: sensitivity reflection 2)Whether a job is to be 1)Electronic brains can reduce creativity character trace classified as labor or work the profusion of dead ends involved modest investment to depends，not on the job itself，in vital research. substitute „ for be contrary 2)Nor do they connect a man to 37.as a whole 总的来说，作为 85.at the moment 此刻，目前 the things he has to be connected 一个整体 38.as far as 86.at the rate of 以„„速度或比 to - the reality of pain in others. 就„„而言，至于 率 注意本句的倒装形式。并且注意 39.as far as„be concerned 87.at the same time 同时，然 “ connect „ to ”表示“把 „ 就„„而言 40.as 而，不过 88.at the sight 与 „ 连接起来”。 follows 如下 of 一看见就 3)The reason these matters are 41.as for 至于，关于 89.at times 有时候 important in a computerized age is 42.as if 好像，似乎，仿佛 B that there may be a tendency to 43.as long as 只要，如果，既 1.back and forth 来回地，反复 mistake data for wisdom. 2.back up 支持 然，由于 44.as regards 地 本句中注意“ tendency ”后面在„„方面，关于 3.bear„ in mind 记住 要接动词不定式作定语。另外 45.as soon as 一 „„ 就 4.because of 因为，由于 “ mistake „ for ”表示“把 „ 错46.as such 像这样的，就这点而论 5.before long 不久 认为 „ ” 47.as though 好像，似乎，仿佛 6.long before 很久以前 )For the danger is not so much 7.beyond (all) doubt 无疑 448.as to 至于，关于 that man will be controlled by the 49.as usual 照理，像平常一样 8.beyond question 毫无问题，无可 computer as that he may imitate it. 50.as well 也，又，同样地 争辩 词组按照第一个词的字母顺序排列。 51.as well as 除„„之外(也)， 9.both„and (两者)都 动词不定式前的符号to均略去，形容又 52.as yet 到目前10.break away 破除，脱离 既„„ 词前面也不加系动词be 为止，到当时为止 11.break down 把„分解为 A 53.aside from 此外，除„„还12.break in 打断(说话)，闯进 1.a few 几个 2.a good 有 54.at a 13.break into 强行进入 deal 许多 3.a good many 许多 disadvantage 处于不利地位 14.break„into 分成(部分) 4.a great amount of 大量的 55.at a guess 凭猜测 15.break off 弄断，打断 5.a great deal 大量的 6.a 56.at a loss 困惑不解，茫然不知所16.break out 突然发生，爆发 great many 很多 7.a little 一措 17.break through 突破，打通 8.a lot of 许多，大 57.at a stretch 连续不断地 18.break up打碎，结束，驱散，散开，些，一点点 量的 分解 58.at a time 同时，一次 9.a number of 若干，许多 59.at all 丝毫(不)，一点(不) 19.bring„into effect 使„发10.a variety of 种种，若干不同的 60.at all costs 无论如何，不惜任生作用 20.bring„into play 发挥，发扬，调动(积极性等) 11.above all 首先，首要 何代价 12.according to 根据 61.at all events 不管怎样，无 21.bring about 带来，造成，引 13.after all 毕竟，终究 论如何 62.at all times 起 22.bring down 降 14.ahead of 在„„前 15.all at 时常，有时 低，减少，击落 once 突然 63.at any rate 无论如何，至少 23.bring forward 提出(建议论 16.all but 几乎，差一点，除64.at best 最多，充其量 据等)把„提前 24.bring out 了„„都 17.all in all 总的说 65.at ease 舒适 使显现，显示，生产，使产生 来 18.all of a sudden 突然 66.at first 起初，最初 25.bring over 把„带来，使转 19.all over 到处，遍及 67.at first sight 一眼看去 变 26.bring up 20.all right 行，可以 21.all 68.at first thought 乍一想 抚养 the better 更好，愈加 69.at hand 在附近，近在手头 27.build up 建立，增强 22.all the more 更加，愈加 70.at intervals 不时，处处 28.but for 倘没有，要不是 23.all the same 仍然，尽管如此 71.at large 普遍地，一般地， 29.by accident 偶然地 24.all the time 一直，始终 自由地 72.at last 最30.by all means 尽一切办法 25.all together 同时，一起 终，终于 31.by and by 不久，迟早 26.along with 与„„一道，与„„ 73.at least 至少，起码，无论32.by chance 偶然 同时 如何 74.at length 终 33.by far 最， „得多 27.among other things 除了其于，详细的 34.by hand 用手，用体力 他方面，此外 28.and so forth 75.at most 至多，不超过 35.by means of 通过，利用，用„ 等等 76.at no time 从不，决不 36.by mistake 错误地 29.and so on 等等 77.at once 立刻 37.by nature 生来，天生，就其 30.and the like 等等，诸如此类 78.at present 现在，目前 本性而言 38.by no means 31.anything but 除„„外什么 79.at one time 曾经，有一时期 决不 都 32.apart from 80.at random 随机地，任意地 39.by reason of 由于 除去，撇开，除„„之外 81.at sea 在海上，在航海中，40.by the way 顺便(说)，附带地 33.as a matter of fact 事实上，迷惑，茫然 82.at what 而且 说 其实 34.as a result 83.at the cost of 以„„为代 41.by virtue of 借助，由于 作为结果，因此(插入语) 价 84.at the 42.by way of 经过，经由，通过„方 35.as a result of 作为„„的mercy of 受„„支配，受„„控制 法 结果 36.as a rule C 通常，一般来说 1.call for 要求;邀请 5.dig into 深入钻研 句来代替等等。比如:这个由10人组2.call off 取消 6.dig out 发掘出，发现 成的委员会一致支持这一决定。 3.call on 拜访，访问 7.do away with 废除 The panel/committee/board 4.call up 打电话;召集;使想起 8.do one‘s best 尽全力;尽量 consisting of / 5.can not help but 禁不住 9.do with 处理;忍受 which was composed of 6.carry on 经营;进行;继续 10.do without 没有„也行，将就 which was made up of 11.draw in 进站 7.care for 照顾;喜欢 which consist of 8.carry off 拿走 12.draw on 吸收;依靠;临近 10 members supported the 9.carry out 执行，贯彻;进行 13.draw up 起草，制订 decision with one voice /all 到底 10.carry over 14.drop by 顺便访问 supported the decision . 延期;运输 15.drop in 顺便访问 3.注意书写和卷面整洁 11.catch one‘s breath 喘息;16.drop off 减弱 这个问题本来可以不提，但常常屏息 12.catch one‘s 17.drop out 退出 被考生忽略。有的考生在考试中信手eye 引人注目 18.due to 因为 写来，一些不良的书写习惯也带了进 13.catch sight of 看见，发现 E来，例如“r”“V”，不分，“i” 14.catch up with 赶上 1.each other 彼此 “l”，不分„„，有的常常遗忘标点 15.check in 办理登记手续 2.either„or 或者„或者，不是„就符号，从而造成不必要的丢分。 16.check out 办理结帐手续 是 在对此题进行备考复习时，首先 3.end in 以„告终 17.cheer up 高兴，振作起来 对以往做过的“汉译英”作业进行复18.chear up 清理 4.end up 结束 习，特别是作业中的错误之处，要进 19.come about 发生 5.even if 即使 行思考，以求提高水平和技巧。 20.come around 顺便过来 6.even though 即使 其余的，则可和总复习一起进行， 21.come into force 开始有效 7.every now and then 时时，不如语法复习、课文复习、单词复习等。22.come into play 开始起作用 时的 8.every other 每隔但在复习过程中，对一些重点句、重 23.come into power 上台;开始一个 点语法现象，除了记忆之外也要往掌权 24.come off 从„ 9.except for 除了„外;除去;“汉译英‘这方面想一想，自己给自离开;进行 撇开 己提问题:若要考汉译英，这部分可 25.come on 来吧 能出什么类型题,这样就会印象更26.come out 出版，发表 深。 自考“英语(二)”汉译英应试技巧 27.come round 顺便过来 从最近几年的考试情况来看，汉 1.事先筹划，再来做题 28.come though 经历 译英主要包括定语从句、形容词或副 在翻译每一个句子时，一定要事 29.come to 苏醒，共计 词的比较级、被动语态、虚拟语气、先筹划:先要想好译成什么样的英语30.come to terms with 达成 it作形式主语或形式宾语、强调句型句子结构，是简单句还是复合句，或 31.come true 实现 等。当然，汉译英的目的是将汉语的者是强调句、倒装句。如果选用了复32.come up 出现 句意用规范的英语表达出来，用什么合句，那么要明确哪部分是主句，从 33.come up against 碰到 语法结构和词语是手段问题，只要译句采用的形式，是定语从句、状语从34.come up to 达到 文的句意与原文一致，不出现重大的句还是其他的从句。在一个句子内， 35.come up with 追上，提出 语法错误，拼写正确，就符合翻译的主语是什么，谓语用什么时态，是主36.comment on 对„评论 要求。 动还是被动，要不要虚拟语气，这些 37.concerned with 关于;涉及; 五、英译汉(Translation from 都要事先筹划好。然后动笔进行翻译。忙于;关心;关切 38.contrary to English into Chinese) 应试技巧 遣词造句过程中，要格外注意一些细与„相反 1.准确理解 节问题:1)仔细斟酌、选用最能确切 39.convict„of 证明„有罪，宣 1)了解英汉表达手段的重大差别 表达原文意思的英文单词或词组;2)判„有罪 40.cope with A)英语习惯用被动语态，而汉语名词的复数形式，动词的不规则变化，对付;处理 习惯用主动语态。汉语句子时常没有主谓语的一致性:3)单词的拼写，标 41.count on/upon 指望，依靠 主语，而英语句子除了个别特殊情况点符号，大小写，冠词的使用等。任42.cover up 掩饰，掩护 (如祈使句、感叹句)以外，不能没何一个细节注意不到都可能出错丢 43.cut down on 减少对„之消耗有主语。所以，在翻译时，-定要把握分。 量 44.cut in 打断，英汉两种语言的不同表达习惯，既要 2.灵活处理，提高把握 插嘴 忠实于原文，又要符合汉语的表达习 在翻译过程中，有时可能碰到一 45.cut off 切去，割掉;切断;惯。 些英语单词不会写，这时千万不能灰使孤立 46.cut out 删 例如:Something must be done to 心丧气，甚至放弃整个句子。这时可掉 protect our environment from 以寻找意思相近而自己熟悉的词或词 47.cut short 缩短，打断„(谈further pollution. 组来代替。最好不要把那个词空着，话) (必须采取措施，使我们的环境更不要用汉字去替代。 D 免受进一步的污染。) 对句子的结构同样也可以灵活处 1.day by day 日复一日 B)英语习惯用从句(长句)，而理，有些没把握的结构，可以用比较2.deal with 对待，处理 汉语习惯用单句(短句)。在考试中有把握的结构来代替。例如，复合句 3.die down 枯萎，凋谢 要善于运用分译法，用汉语的短句来没有把握，可以用两个简单句来表示;4.die out 消失，灭绝 表达英语长句的。 分词做状语没有把握，可以用状语从 例如: In warmer areas My admiration for him grew (铜的电阻很小，所以非常广泛primitive man could use branches to more . (我对他越来越敬佩。)(n.- 地用来输电。) make a framework which be then v.) 3.做题步骤 covered with leaves. He acted as if he were a teacher. 考生要遵循三个基本要求，即 ( 在气候较为温暖的地方，原始(他的举止像个教师。)(v.- n.) “忠实、通顺、易懂”。译文要力求人类能用树枝搭建屋架，外面用树叶 Man differs from animals in 忠实原文，能直译则直译。也就是说遮盖。) that he is able to speak(人类与如果直译出来的汉语通顺就直译，不 C)英语习惯用名词表示行为动动物的区别在于他会讲话。(v -n) 便于直译的英语句子在处理时，要力 he new treaty would be good 作，汉语则往往相反。 T求在忠实于原文的基础上，使译文通 for ten years.(新条约有效期为十 例如:He paid a visit to an 顺。 exhibition of advanced science and 年。)( adj- n.) 英译汉做题的步骤应该是: technology on Sunday. 2)词的增补 1)了解段落大意。 (星期天他参观了一个高科技展 在翻译过程中，经常遇到这种情 通过把握主题段或主题句快速了览。) 况:英文原文中某些词语，无法用一解短文的主题思想，理解对于翻译短 )表达时间、空间时，英语习惯 D般字典中相对应的汉语释义表达出文是相当重要的，先思考，再动笔，先小后大，汉语则往往相反。 来。翻译时考生应根据原文的意思，不要反复涂改。有的考生往往是拿到 例如:He was born in an out -of- 活用字典，用地道的汉语表达出来。试卷就开始翻译，“只见树木不见森way mountain village in South China 有时要根据英语动词时态形式增补时林”，等译不下去了再回读，那样做at 2 a.m .on May6,1968. 间修饰语，有时要增补原文中的省略既费时间又影响情绪。 (他于1968年五月六日凌晨两点部分，有时要把代词还原为所指的对 2)理解和表达。 出生于中国南部一个偏僻的小山村象，有时要增补连接词以加强修辞效 这是英译汉应试中的实质性阶里。) 果。例如: 段。鉴于试题具有一定的难度，尤其 2)通过语境吃透 They are working on my bike. 是长句的翻译，要在准确理解的基础 词语的理解离不开上下文，这是(他们正在修理我的自行车。) 上，按照汉语的表达习惯，用地道的我们在翻译中必须时刻牢记的一条。 He remained though he was badly 汉语表达出来。 英语中一词一义的情况极为罕见，只ill.(虽然病得很重，但是他还是留 3)校改 校改是一个不可缺少的环节。考有通过上下文才能了解单词的确切的了下来。) 试过程中，考生不能像平时那样从容含义。在翻译中，要特别注意以下三 We found him at his book in the 个问题: library.(我们发现他在图书馆看不迫，初译时往往侧重于理解，容易 A)认真把握多义词在语境中的特书。) 忽视译文的连贯性，从而译出英语式定含义 的汉语句子。所以，译完后要回过来 3)定语从句的翻译 例如:What you said sound 英语和汉语的定语都有前置、后看一看译文是否通顺连贯。还有一个reasonable.(你的话听起来有道理。) 置之分。但不同的是:英语以定语后不可忽略的问题是书写，一份整洁的 His father gave him a sound 置为主:汉语则以前置为主，极少用答卷会取悦于判卷老师，也等于成功beating.(他爸爸痛打他一顿。) 后置。所以在翻译过程中，后置定语了一半。 B)注意习惯用语的理解 的翻译是一大难题，尤其是定语从句 英语历史悠久，拥有极为丰富的的翻译。通常有两种译法:一是译作 习语，对习语的掌握程度往往决定一前置定语;一是采用分译法。 个学习者的真实语言水平。因而，考 限制性定语从句一般可按前置修 试经常涉及这方面的内容。，例如: 饰语译作“„„的”。 I know this fellow from A to Z. 例如;This is the reason why an (这家伙我非常了解。) airplane sometimes must taxi a long C)确定代词在上下文中的指代关way before taking off. 系 (这就是为什么飞机在起飞之前 代词的理解更是离不开一定的语有时必须滑行一段长路的原因。) 境 .代词、代名词或者代动词在句中 非限制性定语从句大多在句中起 指代的是什么只有在特定的语境中才补充说明的作用，翻译时不改变其语 能确定。对于代词的考查是英译汉常序，而是根据其作用区别处理，有时 考之内容。在翻译中，有时代词只是通过重复先行词将定语从句译为并列 照字面译为“这、那”是远远不够的，句或独立句，有时加上连接词语，译 须将起代替的部分加以重述。 为转折、目的、结果、原因、让步。、 We have 365 days in a year.(一条件、时间等状语从句。 年有365天。) 例如:In Southern France a A big nation had its problems,a solar furnace has been built，where small nation has its advantages.temperature reach more than3,000 (大国有大国的问题，小国有小国的centigrade(在法国南部己经建造了 有利条件。) 一座太阳炉，炉温高达摄氏3000度以 2.翻译技巧 上。) 1)词类的转译 Copper,which is used so widely 名词、动词、形容词往往根据需for carrying electricity,offers 要转译为其他词类。例如: very little resistance.