【精品】健康是最大的财富38

【精品】健康是最大的财富38 64 大学英语阅读与理解 Good health is over wealth. 健康是最大的财富 A contented mind is a perpetual feast. 知足之心就是永远的餐宴。 Unit Seven Work and Stress Fast Reading 1 Length of text: 315words Target Time: 5 minutes Work Stress Doubles Risk of Heart Disease Death 1 Healthy people with stressful jobs who work long hours but get little satisfaction from what they do have twice the risk of dying from heart disease as satisfied employees, according to a study. 2 Job stress has been known to trigger (/`trig?/ vt.引起) heart problems in people who already have cardiovascular(/`kadi?u`væskjul?/ adj.心血管的)disease. Finnish scientists have shown that even in healthy people the pressures of work can take their toll (/t?ul/ n.代价). Obesity(/?u`bisiti/ n.过度肥胖), high blood pressure, lack of exercise and smoking contribute to heart disease — a leading killer in many industrialized countries. But Mika Kivimaki, of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, and his colleagues, who studied the medical histories of 812 healthy Finnish men and women in a metal industry company over 25 years, said job stress also plays an important role. 3 Workers who had the highest job-related stress levels at the start of the study were more than twice as likely to die of heart disease, according to the study published in The British Medical Journal. Work stress involves too much work as well as a lack of satisfaction and feeling undervalued and unappreciated. Many people work long hours but if the effort is rewarding the stress is minimized. Kivimaki said job pressure is damaging when being overworked is combined with little or no control, unfair supervision and few career opportunities. 4 The British Heart Foundation said the results support earlier research showing that people in jobs with low control, such as manual (/`mænju?l/ adj.体力的) workers, could be at greater risk of heart disease than other employees. “It is advisable for people to try to minimize levels of stress at work and for employers to allow people to have more control at work and to be rewarded for their successes,” the foundation said in a statement. Unit Seven Work and Stress 65 ?. Reading Comprehension 1 Work stress will ____ the danger for those who already has heart problems. A) have great effect on B) increase C) have little effect on D) decrease 2 In paragraph 2, the third line, “take their toll” means: ____. A) have charge of them B) cause a little effect. C) be released D) cause a bad effect. 3 It is wise for physical labors to ____. A) have more control of work B) have total control of work. C) quit the current job D) to be aware of work stress. ?. Answer the Questions Directions: Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. Please mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the statement is not given in the passage. ( ) 1. According to Finnish scientists healthy people will not suffer from the work stress. ( ) 2. Overweight is a leading killer in many developed countries. ( ) 3. Some says work stress do more harm to people than smoking. ( ) 4. Usually people who work long hours will get much more work stress. ( ) 5. People who have more control at work are less easily to get heart disease. ?. Choose the correct or proper words given below to complete the following passage. Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Everyone Wins 1 1 millions of Americans, you already know that you can look and feel better, reduce your stress, and increase your energy with 2 exercise. And like 60 percent of Americans, you probably haven?t done much about it. 2 Here?s something you 3 not know: you don?t have to sweat and strain for hours on end. You can 4 your health and 5 of well-being by starting with only three, 10-minutes periods of 6 activity a day. Increasing your level of fitness, even just a little, can help you to feel better and be healthier. 66 大学英语阅读与理解 3 Simply, everyday activities can be jumping off points for your exercise. Working in your garden, 7 stairs, and washing the car are moderate forms of exercise. As your strength and stamina improve, you can increase the intensity, frequency or duration of your activities. You don?t need a gym to 8 15 minutes jumping rope or shoveling snow. Take 30 minutes to enjoy the outdoors while raking leaves or to lift your spirits dancing to your favorite tune. 4 But there?s more. If you stick to your daily exercise, you will also gain many valuable medical 9 . The CDC found that moderately active people have lower annual direct medical costs than those who are inactive. Regular physical activity makes everyone a winner. Add a dash of exercise to your day and start on the road to fitness. Whoever you are, whatever your 10 is, the more you move your body, the healthier you?ll be. You can reduce your chances of developing life-threatening diseases while lowering stress and improving your sense of well-being. That makes you a winner. A) improve F) benefits K) spend B) dislike G) regular L) costs C) may H) must M) climbing D) sense I ) ability N) surroundings E) condition J ) Like O) moderate Fast Reading 2 Length of text: 417 words Target Time: 3 minutes Why can’t We All be Happy? 1 What are those elusive(/i`lusiv/ adj.难以捉摸的) components of a life filled with happiness and satisfaction? Psychologist Ed Diener of the University of Illinois has spent over two decades doing research on the factors that influence subjective well-being: our emotional and psychological health, our income level and material circumstances, our access to opportunities for achievement and social relationships. His studies have crossed cultural, demographic(/dem?`græfik/ n.人口统计学), gender and income levels. 2 Who, then, are the happy people? Well, according to Diener, people from cultures that stress feeling good over other life-enhancing factors like, say, achievement apparently enjoy life more. Studying countries around the globe, he?s concluded that Latin cultures are happier, while the Japanese are gloomier than their wealth might predict. 3 Studying five groups of college students in the United States — Japanese, Indian, Hispanic, Asian and European Americans — Diener found that Hispanics came out on the top of the happiness scale. The Japanese and Asian Americans were at the bottom. People in the Unit Seven Work and Stress 67 United States and Latin America generally see the positive side of life, his research shows, while the Chinese and Japanese, who tend to assign much less value to concepts related to self-fulfilment, are more likely to have a more glum take on life. The research confirms, Professor Diener says, that there are cultural effects on how people assess and value emotions. 4 Ed Diener is not the only one taking our happiness temperature. In 1999, a happiness Barometer was conducted in 22 countries over five continents by Roper Starch Worldwide and its Indian partner, ORG-Margin. Americans and Indians were found to be the happiest people in the world, The Chinese and Russians the saddest. In fact, 46 percent of Americans said they were very happy with their quality of life, with India a close second with 37 percent. While the global average was 24 percent, nine percent of the Chinese surveyed said they were happy with their lot, and only three percent of the Russians. The respondents were also asked about relationships with their families and the role of religion in their lives. 5 The benefits of happiness are multiple. Diener and his associates have found that those who experience happiness have higher incomes, better marriages; superior work out-comes and may even live longer. They tend to be more creative, helpful, sociable and self-confident. They possess better coping mechanisms and have strong romantic relationships compared to the less happy groups. And happy people did not exercise or participate in religious activities significantly more than the less happy groups. ?. Reading Comprehension 1 The list from the happiest to unhappiest on the Happiness Barometer in 1999 is ____. A) Americans, Indians, Chinese, Russians B) Indians, Americans, Chinese, Russians C) Americans, Russians, Chinese, Indians D) Americans, Chinese, Russians, Indians 2 From the passage we can know that____. A) Japanese are gloomier than Russians B) people in the United States and Latin America are generally positive C) Hispanics pay more attention on their fulfillment D) happy people do more exercises to keep health 3 The benefits of happiness are all the following except that____. A) happy people have higher incomes, better marriages, and superior work outcomes B) happy people are more creative, helpful sociable and self-confident C) happy people are more likely to have a healthy appearance D) happy people possess better coping mechanisms and have strong romantic relationship ?. Answer the Questions Directions: Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. Please mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; 68 大学英语阅读与理解 N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the statement is not given in the passage. ( ) 1. Income level will affect human?s sense of happiness. ( ) 2. There are big cultural effects on how people assess and value emotions. ( ) 3. Ed Diener carried out his research in five countries. ( ) 4. Almost half of the Americans felt they had a good sense of well-being. ( ) 5. Religious activities help people to release their unhappiness. ?. Choose the correct or proper words given below to complete the following passage. Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Healthy Ways to Manage Your Anger 1 The classic way to 1 anger has been to back off, count to ten, and go for a walk. This gives you a few minutes to calm down and 2 perspective. But new techniques shift your anger from heart to head—from an 3 level to an intellectual level. 2 Interrogate yourself—Asking yourself four questions 4 you feel angry: “Is this important? Is my anger appropriate? Is the situation modifiable? Is it worth taking action?” Such 5 helps convert your anger into rational 6 . The anger is then 7 your control. If the answer to all these questions are all “Yes”, decide 8 result you want, make a plan and follow it. Even one “No” means you need to change your angry reaction and move on. 3 Consider your options — Your boss cuts you off midsentence, and your blood begins to 9 . The best action you can take at that point is to weigh your alternatives — and their consequences. If you feel you have to address the incident, imagine several scenarios — even funny ones. Ask yourself, “How would my boss respond if I said, „I think you should hear me out on this?? Do I want to involve the human-relations department? Should I ask a co-worker how he?d 10 with the situation?” 4 Put it in writing — The process of writing forces you to organize your thoughts, to think clearly, to use your head rather than lose it. A) thought F) wherever K) emotional B) out G) deal L)whenever C) under H) boil M) gain D) manage I ) rational N) do E) what J) regain O) evaluation Unit Seven Work and Stress 69 Fast Reading 3 Length of text: 390 words Target Time: 6 minutes Laugh out Loud 1 For hundreds of years, it has been acknowledged that, "laughter is the best medicine." Laughter helps release emotion and tension. People often store emotions rather than express them if something angers, frightens, saddens, stresses, or bores them. Laughter is another way for these emotions to find a way out harmlessly. That's why people who are under stress go to a funny movie or watch a comedian perform on stage — so they can laugh the negative emotions or tensions away. 2 The following are a few ways to increase the humor in your everyday life. They're practical and easy-to-do, so long as you're serious about using humor to improve your health and general well-being. — Collect funny cartoons, jokes, bumper stickers, and anything else that triggers your laughter. Then place them in a "Funny File" for future reference when you're in need of a laugh; or stick them up in the most stressful places in your house (e.g. your desk, cupboard, mirror, or dressing table) — Join mailing lists that send jokes every day, or check out Askmen.com's Daily Jokes. — Create a journal in which you write any funny encounters that made you laugh. — Set aside at least half an hour each week to watch a comedy, stand-up comedy show, comedy movie, etc. — Become aware of any comedy clubs in your neighborhood that you could visit; make it a bi-monthly event with a group of friends. — Make sure you genuinely laugh at least once a day. (Your girlfriend's new haircut doesn't count.) — Exaggerate (/ig`zæd??reit/vt.夸大) your tough situations; this helps you see their absurdity (/?b`s?diti/ n.荒谬). You are given a different perspective, are able to laugh at it, and then you can let go of your problem and move on with your life. — Look out for any irony (/`ai?r?ni/ n.讽刺) in your life: When you end up so far from where you started or from where you wanted to be, empower yourself to find it laughable. To appreciate the irony, you need to examine how something started and how it ended: Did it end as planned? Are you shocked at the way things turned out? If someone had told you at the start how it was actually going to end, would you think they were crazy? And hey, most important of all, don't forget to LOL (laugh out loud)! ?. Reading Comprehension 1 From the passage we can see____. 70 大学英语阅读与理解 A) people do not easily pour out feelings B) a good mood can kill disease C) people cannot be cheered up by watching funny shows D) people should be serious about using humour 2 According to the passage, the ways to laugh are all the following except that____. A) collecting jokes B) going to see a psychologist C) joining in a comedy club D) making more friends 3 Exaggerate your tough situations will helps you to ____. A) deal with them easily B) know how unreasonable they are C) quit early D) ask others for help ?. Answer the Questions Directions: Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. Please mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the statement is not given in the passage. ( ) 1. Laughter is a healthy way for people?s emotions to find a way out. ( ) 2. People who are under stress always go to watch comedies. ( ) 3.Collecting funny cartoons, jokes, bumper stickers can help you be humorous. ( ) 4. Keeping a dairy by writing funny stories in it will help you feel relaxed. ( ) 5. You can laugh at your girlfriend?s new haircut at least once a day. ?. Choose the correct or proper words given below to complete the following passage. Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Attitude 1 Michael is the kind of guy you love to hate. He is always in a good 1 and always has something 2 to say. When someone would ask him how he was doing, would reply, “If I 3 any better, I would be twins!” 2 He was a natural 4 . If an employee was having a bad day, Michael was there telling the employee how to 5 on the positive side of the situation. 3 Seeing this style really made me 6 , so one day I went up to Michael and asked him, “I don?t get it! You 7 be a positive person all of the time. How do you do it?” Unit Seven Work and Stress 71 Michael replied, “Each morning I wake up and say to myself, you have two choices today. You can choose to be in a good mood or…you can choose to be in a bad mood. I choose to be in a good mood. Each time something bad happens, I choose to learn 8 it. Every time someone comes to me complaining, I can choose to accept their complaining or …I can point 9 the positive side of life. I choose the positive side of life.” He is right. Life is all about choices. Every situation is a choice. You choose how you 10 to situations. You choose how people affect your mood. The bottom line: It?s your choice how you live your life. A) curious F) can?t K) from B) look G) about L) must C) motivator H) were M) am D) react I) the N) out E) mood J) negative O) positive Close Reading Pre-reading Questions: 1. What does work mean to you? 2. Do you know anyone that is a workaholic? 3. How do you relax yourself when you feel stressed? Length of text: 460words Target Time: 8 minutes The Workaholic's Guide to Relaxation 1 Men generally tend to consider relaxation to be a waste of precious time. We simply do not put high value on relaxation. We evaluate (/,,,,,,,,,,/ vt.评价) ourselves more on measurable things such as personal achievements and financial worth — not emotional wellness. We often tend to feel guilty if we aren't constantly being productive. 2 This sense of guilt usually arises from our parents? brainwashing. They taught us to achieve and perform; to continuously try hard to become Superman. I know what you're thinking: "Yeah well, I do sometimes have problems relaxing, but it's not going to kill me." I'd hate to be the bearer of bad news, but it could. 3 According to medical experts, stress has become a major health problem that men face today more than ever. It has been linked to heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer, and other serious illnesse. According to the American Institute of Stress, up to 90% of all visits to doctors are for stress-related disorders. 4 The problem remains within us. Men often wait too long to do something about stress. 72 大学英语阅读与理解 In my experience, no more than 20% of the people in my typical stress management courses are male. The solution is to learn how to relax. This learning process, however, is not easy — especially if you're a workaholic. 5 There are a number of basic rules to obey to keep from "tightening the noose (/,,,,/n.套索)". The first is to add balance to your life. Begin by seeking out leisurely activities that are separated from work. If you're the "analytical" type, such as a lawyer, scientist, accountant, etc, then get relaxation through activities such as gardening, building a deck or cooking. 6 The second rule is to work up a sweat once in a while. Thirty minutes of intense cardiovascular exercise immediately reduces body tension. Studies have also found that weightlifting counters anxiety and depression as well as aerobics (/,,,,，,,,,,,/ n. 有氧运动). 7 The third rule states that you must choose a relaxing activity that you consider relaxing. Take a break from your worries by doing something you enjoy, whether it's gardening or building a wall unit. Schedule time to suit for your interests. If a friend wants to go fishing and you know you'll get bored quickly, then don't go. Boredom often adds to stress levels as opposed to diminishing them. 8 Reducing and managing stress can help make your time at work and at home more productive and rewarding. Practice these stress-reducing techniques and I guarantee that they will help you maintain balance in your life. 9 These techniques are designed to help you manage stress, instead of letting it manage you. If you are having a lot of difficulty with stress, try talking to a therapist(/,,,，,,,,,/n.治疗专家). Otherwise, take control of your desire for working and free yourself from your everyday routine. ?. Answer the Questions Directions: Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. Please mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the statement is not given in the passage. ( ) 1. According to the passage, people usually consider relaxation very important. ( ) 2. According to the passage, stress may cause heart disease. ( ) 3. The author of this passage is a reporter. ( ) 4. Women tend to be more cautious about stress than men are. ( ) 5. Doing aerobics often adds to stress levels as opposed to diminishing them. ( ) 6. Activities, such as fishing and gardening, can always help people to unwind. ( )7. One should always obey the stress-reducing rules in the above passage if he has difficulty with stress. Unit Seven Work and Stress 73 ?. Cloze Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage(For each blank there are four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D)(You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage( 1 You've just experienced the worst day of your life. Your boss insulted you in front of your 1 and you got into an accident on your way to lunch, 2 made you late for the 1:00 p.m. teleconference, 3 getting more crap(/,，,,/n.废话) from your boss. On your way out you stumbled (/,,,,,,,/ vi.跌倒) and fell, and landed 4 your back, in pain. You crawld over to your car and drove home as fast as possible, only to get pulled 5 by the cops... 2 After staggering through the front door, all you wanted to do was to put the brakes on your whirling mind. You just needed to relax, so you 6 as well retire for the night with some beer and television, right? Not 7 . You want to relieve yourself of stress, not turn into a 8 . And experts say the best way to relax is to gently indulge(/,,,,,,,,/ vt. 纵容) your senses. 3 You don't need to become a guru (/,,,，,,/n.印度的宗教领袖) sitting on a mountaintop; all you need is to immerse (/,,,,,,/vt.沉浸) yourself 9 _ a little everyday scenery. For example, if you have nice paintings in your office or home, 10 some time to appreciate their beauty. If you have a fish tank full of colorful fish, stare at their smooth and flowing 11 or a while. Next，listen to some music you enjoy. Classical, soft rock, folk — whatever, just try to 12 anything that will get you excited. Putting on a headset can cut down surrounding noises and put you more in tune with your tunes. 4 For your taste buds, sip a cup of iced tea, cold fruit juice or spring water. Cooling down is the 13 here. 5 Don't forget your sense of smell. A whiff (/,,,/n.一阵香气) of lavender (/,,,,,,,,/n.薰衣草) might help 14 you down, 15 will a scented candle. You can even take a bubble bath, and then spread some fragrant (/,，,,,，,,,/adj.芳 香的) oil on your body. 6 And of course, there?s touch. If you?re 16 enough to have someone there to massage your back, go 17 it. Researchers say massage can lower stress hormones and release tension. If you're alone, try some simple stretches 18 the shoulder and neck area, and then gently massage your temples (/,,,,,,/n.太阳穴), arms and legs. 7 Research 19 you can also relieve tension by 20 an animal. Now all you have to do is find that dog or cat you shooed away when you first came home in a bad mood. 1. A) friends B) friend C) peer D) peers 2. A) which B) that C) in which D) of which 3. A) so B) which C) then D) hence 4. A) at B) with C) on D) in 74 大学英语阅读与理解 5. A) by B) over C) of D) off 6. A) would B) might C) can D) could 7. A) recommendable B) recommended C) acceptable D) practical 8. A) plant B) vegetable C) fruit D) tree 9. A) in B) at C) from D) on 10 .A) use B) catch C) take D) get 11. A) move B) action C) motion D) activity 12. A) give up B) escape C) do D) avoid 13. A) key B) answer C) way D) means 14. A) calmed B) calming C) to calm D) to calming 15. A) also B) so C) it D) hence 16. A) lucky B) good C) rich D) fortunate 17. A) to B) towards C) along D) for 18. A) in B) on C) at D) around 19. A) indicates B) points C) says D) explains 20. A) patting B) petting C) having D) maintaining Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 Never say die. 永不言败。 Unit Seven Work and Stress 75