药材金银花采摘加工技巧（Honeysuckle picking and processing skills）

药材金银花采摘加工技巧（Honeysuckle picking and processing skills） 药材金银花采摘加工技巧(Honeysuckle picking and processing skills) 1, from time: from time in the previous year ", and there was dew and rain for mining, such as drying equipment can also be picked. The white matter morning cyanine, easy drying, strong aroma, a high commodity rate, good quality. After noon and cloudy days, the quality of flowers is poor and the processing rate is low. From the flower development process, divided into habits of green bud, green white, white needle, honeysuckle, a few kinds of flower wilting. With a swollen upper bud, a rod-shaped, green white as well, known as the big white needle. At this time, the flower is about to open, for the best picking time, you can process quality goods. 2, picking methods: when picking bamboo baskets or rattan cage, can not use the plastic bag bag, carton, to prevent the heating tide generating enzymes and proteins in vivo, fermentation, discoloration, mildew. Bud and flower tissue is very tender, must be gently handle, and do not use hand stroking, pinch tight, so as not to affect the quality. 3, drying: after picking immediately dry, sunny dry. Bamboo mat foil or diluted drying, the thickness of 1 cm, not much changes. 70% dry on the open heat sweating, again the sun to dry. Reach the same degree of flower crispness and crispness. Cloudy rainy day to tepid drying, first to 35 to 40 DEG C. the tepid drying 2 to 3 hours, and then increased to 50 degrees Celsius temperature drying to 9 into dry, not damaged. Planting area and production areas should be built drying room, to prevent mildew, improve the quality of goods. 1 kilograms of dry flowers generally 6-7 kilograms of goods. 4, processing grade: processing from flowers and drying, the best quality don't separate dry, always pick to impurities, prolific as commodity. The national standard of honeysuckle commodities is divided into four grades. First class: dry goods, buds are holding like, on the thick, thin, slightly curved, the surface green and white, corolla thick, slightly hard, holding a top feel; gas fragrance, sweet, slightly bitter. Open flowers, broken buds and yellow strips, no more than 5%. No black strip, black head, branches and leaves, impurities, moth eaten, mildew; Two: basically the same as the first, only open flowers no more than 5%. Cracked buds and yellow strips not exceeding 10%; Three: dry goods, flower shaped, coarse to fine, slightly curved surface of green, white or yellowish white flowers, thick hard, holding the top handle. The fragrance is faint and the taste is mild and bitter. Open flowers, black heads no more than 30%. No foliage, impurities, moth eaten, mildew; Four: dry goods. A flower bud or opening flower; having a color equal to that of a flower. No more than 3% branches, no impurities, moth eaten, mildew. The recent Huojin Qiaoxiao, generally for mixing and other processing. But the cultivation should pay attention to the quality, take the Chinese herbal medicine production quality management standard (GAP) as the principle, build the industrialization base, create the famous brand goods, improve the prestige and the benefit. There are 2 kinds of drying and drying. (1) sun dried; Before 1970, Shandong Xiangyang, multiselect lee. Sunshine long flat or slate, sprinkle a layer of thin the flowers in the morning, the sun of the day to close, it saves labor and time, but windy, rainy days will affect the quality. Since 1970, the use of multi basket drying method. With a wooden stick to grow about 1.7 meters, width of about 0.7 meters, 5-7 cm high basket, with sorghum straw or mat (sorghum straw does not peel, mat to turn over, water absorption) bottom. 2.5-3 kilos per basket of fresh flowers. Place the basket toward the north and the south, and the north in the north, The sun to dry after 80%, to be poured on fanshai. Night or rain can be placed in the courtyard, baskets, baskets and baskets between the two bars, the upper cover seat (or raincoat). When buds reach 80%, they must never turn, or darken, and fall in quality. (2) drying It began to be adopted after 1975. Mainly in the drying room. The operation procedure is mainly: Pre drying (room temperature of 30 DEG C) a flower (35 C, every 2-3 hours on the upper and lower baskets of flowers), heating and ventilation (40 C ventilation, 5-10 hours, keeping the temperature of 45-50 DEG C ventilation. Every 5 minutes, 10 hours after the temperature reaches 55 degrees Celsius when dry rapidly, a total of about 18 h) - Kang (Kang out 1 hours before the fires, and ventilation, when the temperature to 10 DEG C, Yinhua eight or nine into dry, dry out of baskets of flowers will end). The establishment of drying, drying room generally use two type, 6 meters long, 5 meters wide, the house a two room inside the mouth, long Kang fire, leaving the chimney and skylight in the roof, 0.3 meters away from the ground. Each room of the left front and rear wall relative to vent, real both sides in the 20 cm away from the wall with steel or wood drying rack a, 1.4 meters left channel frame, frame 5.6 meters long, 1.6 cm wide, 2.6 meters high, is divided into 10 layers, layer 20 cm away from the bottom from the fire. 40 cm, each layer placed 8 honeysuckle basket, basket the spacing of 10 cm, a total of 160 baskets of flowers. On the first before pre drying, remove moisture and improve indoor temperature, when the temperature rose to 35 degrees can be arranged flowers, flowers in the thickness of 3-4 cm, the baskets neatly closed doors and windows in the drying rack, jam, vent, baking, drying every 2-3 hours will be above and below the basket switch a position. Installed after the honeysuckle, it is necessary to immediately increase the fire, when the room temperature increased to about 40 degrees, the flowers began to drain, you can open the skylight, the discharge of water vapor. 5-10 hours, the room temperature should be maintained at 45-50 degrees, open the pores, so that the rapid discharge of water vapor. If the temperature is not enough, you can plug some or all of the pores, ventilation when the room is large, only about 5 minutes each time. 10 hours later, most of the water vapor of flowers, room temperature reached 55 degrees, honeysuckle quickly dried, a Kang lasted 18 hours. L hours before going out Kang, gradually reduce fire, and has been ventilated and ventilated, the temperature dropped to below 40 degrees, holding the top hand, when there is a noise, you can carry out the basket. Whether dried or dried, it should be done again after L-2 days to dry. At present, Shandong Province, sun flower uses mainly basket, drying room was closed or changed to it. Multipurpose fumigation with sulfur in traditional Chinese medicine processing plant should be prohibited now. (3) machining research Lu Lingen as the main active ingredient of honeysuckle volatile oil and chlorogenic acid as index, effects of different processing methods on the quality of Flos Lonicerae were compared, and the quasi Xibao determination of Ding honeysuckle Lonicera too different processing products (steamed, fried, smoked goods in the sun, suncured) the total volatile oil content of acid and chlorogenic, results with smoked the highest content of goods. Guo Hongbin on the honeysuckle 4 different processing methods, namely, dried, dried steamed compares the sulfur fumigation method, drying method, results in dried chlorogenic acid content is the highest, and the other 3 methods have significant difference, dry method content of chlorogenic acid was lowest, and the research results show that Peng Guangfang etc., Different processing methods of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle chlorine following order sulfur fumigation drying bucket drying, drying, drying, stoving that quality of honeysuckle processed the best drying method, drying method was the worst. Wu Ruying studied the quality of Lonicera japonica Thunb, and found that the quality of steaming and drying products was the best, and the quality of sun cured products was the worst. After the determination of chlorogenic acid in different processed varieties by Feng Weisheng, it was concluded that nitrogen fumigation could replace the drying or drying of honeysuckle in order to improve the appearance quality of honeysuckle. Zhu Xiaoguang introduced the method of sulfur fumigation of honeysuckle. It is believed that the appearance, properties and color of this method can meet the requirements. After smoking can be placed for 4-5 days (rainy season), no mildew. The top buds appear white and full, showing green and white roots will open not open when picking the best at picking honeysuckle with good color and high medicinal value.