现在完成时中瞬间动词用什么连续性的动词调换[优质文档]

现在完成时中瞬间动词用什么连续性的动词调换[优质文档] 现在完成时中瞬间动词用什么延续性的动词替换 延续性动词和非延续性性动词 一、延续性动词与非延续性动词的特征 中，按动作发生的方式、过程的长短，可将动词分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 延续性动词，也叫作持续性动词，表示能够延续的动作，这种动作发生后可以一直持续下去。如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 非延续性动词，也叫作终止性动词、瞬间性动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，即动作从发生到结束所持续的时间非常短，且大多都是动作发生后也就马上结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。 二、延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 1、延续性动词可以和表示"一段时间"的状语连用。表示"一段时间"的短语结构有:for two weeks, in/during the past three years, since 1990, how long, from Monday to Friday,between 8:00 to 1 1:00, all the year round等。如: I have learned English since I was six years old.从六岁以来，我就学英语了。 It’s said that it will rain for three days.据说要下三天的雨。 2、非延续性动词表示的动作具有短暂性和不可持续性等特点，因此，其肯定句不可与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。但是非延续性动词的否定结构表示状态时，可以和表示“一段时间”的状语连用。如: 正确:He has bought some books.(没有表示“一段时间”的状语) 正确:He hasn’t bought any books for a long time.(否定句可与表示“一段时间”的状语连用) 错误:He has bought the books for 3 days.(肯定句不能和表示“一段时间”的状语连用) 3、while引导时间状语从句时，表示的是一个较长的时间或过程，属于“一段时间”，从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词。如: What are you doing while I’m watching TV?我看电视时，你在干嘛, 三、非延续性性动词转延续性动词的规律 短暂性动词转化为延续性动词一览表 buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold come be become be go be put on wear join the army be in the army /be a soldier go to school be a student die be dead begin be on leave be away fall asleep be asleep close be closed 1. 他离开这儿已经六天了。 He has been away from here for 6 days / since 6 days ago. 2. 他父亲死了3年了。 His father has been dead for 3 years / since 3 years ago. =It’s 3years since his father died. =His father died 3 years ago. 2、用“be+形容词”替代。如: die?be dead, open?be open，end/finish ? be over, 3、用“be+介词或副词”替代。如: begin/start? be on, join?be in/be a member of, leave?be away, come?be in/here, go?be away/out, reach/arrive/get to?stay/be in 3. 在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语时不能与for，since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例如: He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. = It is two years since he left Beijing. = Two years has passed since he left Beijing. 练习:用现在完成时改写下列，使A，B两句意思基本一致。每空限填一词。 1. A. They came to our school in 1980. B. They ____ ____ ____ our school since 1980. 2. A. The man died five years ago. B. The man ____ ____ ____ for five years. 3. A. The meeting began two minutes ago. B. The meeting ____ ____ ____ for two minutes. 4. A. We borrowed two books last week. B. We ____ ____ the two books for a week. 5. A. When did the train arrive here? B. How long ____ the train ____ here?