晚上经常做恶梦是什么原因

晚上经常做恶梦是什么原因 晚上经常做恶梦是什么原因? 最典型的恶梦就是创伤梦.创伤梦是指，梦者以往有较为险恶的经历或严重的精神创伤，这些经历和创伤时常在梦中重现，梦者常因惊恐不安在睡眠中醒来，以致醒后无法入眠.这些经历或精神创伤可以是各种各样的，如偶遇车祸，横遭抢劫，经历地震、火灾、溺水，被人强奸等，这些事情往往是突如其来的，梦者完全没有思想、精神准备.一般来说，这类梦属于正常心理情况下产生的梦，但这类恶梦从再现到消失，往往要经历一个相当长的时间.为什么呢?可以这样解释，这是人为了迫使自己去接受一个几乎不能接受的事实，把一个不可想象的经历，变成记忆能够容纳的东西.虽然这种梦随着时间的推移，它重现的次数会逐渐减少，强度会逐渐减弱，最后彻底消失，但它每一次重现都会给梦者带来痛苦的回忆，以致醒后彻夜难眠，影响白天的精力、精神状态，久而久之，患者还会出现心理障碍. 恶梦一般发生在异相睡眠期，异相睡眠期在后半夜的睡眠中占的比例较高，所以恶梦多发生在后半夜.恶梦不仅与现实有关，还与人的性格有关.性格内向、斤斤计较、胆小怕事、性格懦弱的人，易做恶梦. 中医是怎样治疗恶梦证的? 恶梦，是指梦境内容恐怖可怕，惊醒后常因梦境强烈而伴有严重的焦虑与恐惧状态，现代医学亦称为梦中焦虑发作.中医中药治疗主要有以下几种: responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, (1)辨证论治 ?肝胆郁热 症状:情志抑郁，胸胁胀满，急躁易怒，口苦干，头痛头晕，目赤面红，耳鸣，便秘，尿黄，恶梦纷纭，惊恐多魇，舌质红，苔黄，脉弦. 治法:清泻肝胆郁热. 选方:柴胡散加减. 药物:柴胡、珍珠母、菊花各12g，黄芩、赤芍、地骨皮、玄参各9g，羚羊角、炙甘草各3g. ?肝阳上亢 症状:眩晕耳鸣，头目胀痛，面红目赤，急躁易怒，心悸健忘，腰膝酸软，头重足飘，失眠梦魇，舌红，脉弦或弦细数. 治法:平肝潜阳宁神. 选方:天麻钩藤饮合酸枣仁汤加减. 药物:天麻、钩藤、石决明、山栀子、黄芩、牛膝、杜仲、寄生、茯神、川芎、知母各9g，夜交藤、酸枣仁各12g. ?心肝血虚 症状:心悸怔忡，眩晕耳鸣，健忘，面色淡白无华或萎黄，口唇色淡，爪甲不荣，视物昏花，肢体麻木，交睫即魇，舌质淡，苔白，脉细弱或弦细. 治法:滋阴养血，镇心安神. 选方:珍珠母丸. 药物:珍珠母、酸枣仁、柏子仁、龙齿各12g，当归、熟地、人参、茯responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 神、沉香各6g，犀角、辰砂、金银花、薄荷各1g. ?心虚胆怯 症状:心神不安，终日惕惕，遇事易惊，胆怯恐惧，心中苦闷不乐，气短神疲，心悸，健忘，面色少华，梦寐惊魇，舌质正常或淡，脉细或弦细. 治法:益气镇惊，宁心定志. 选方:大定心汤. 药物:人参、干姜、当归、白术、芍药、紫菀、防风、赤石脂各6g，茯苓、茯神、远志各9g，龙骨12g，甘草、桂心各3g，大枣3枚. ?痰热内扰 症状:胸脘痞闷，呕恶吐痰，惊悸不安，口苦心烦，头痛失眠，性情急躁，言语杂乱，反复梦魇，舌质红，苔黄腻，脉弦滑或弦滑数. 治法:清热化痰. 选方:礞石滚痰丸加减. 药物:大黄、黄芩、礞石各12g，沉香6g. ?气血凝滞 症状:头痛头晕，痛如针刺，或曾头部创伤，胸闷胸痛，心悸健忘，面唇爪甲青紫，肢体麻木，恶梦频频，古怪离奇，舌质暗，或有瘀斑瘀点，脉涩. 治法:活血化瘀. 选方:柴胡细辛汤加减. 药物:柴胡、当归、土鳖虫、丹参、泽兰、半夏、川芎、菖蒲各12g，responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 细辛、薄荷各3g，黄连6g. (2)单方验方 ?生龙齿、生牡蛎各20g，茯神12g，甘草3g，水煎服. ?小定志丸:人参6g，菖蒲、远志各9g，茯苓、茯神各12g，辰砂1.5g(吞服)，生姜3g.水煎服. (3)心理疗法:本病的心理调整也很关键，详细内容参见有关条文. 哪些因素常可诱发做恶梦? 恶梦一般发生在眼快动睡眠阶段.在睡眠的中后期，眼快动睡眠所占的比例最大，所以恶梦也多发生在这一段时间.恶梦与夜惊症不同，恶梦时的梦境清清楚楚，犹如身临其境，所以作梦者显得异常恐怖，醒来时呈现典型的交感肾上腺素系统兴奋状态，如心悸、气促、出冷汗等.从临床实际来看，恶梦常与现实生活、人格因素及药物因素有关. (1)现实因素:常言道:“日有所思、夜有所想”，如生活中遇到感情纠葛、惊恐的事件等，就常作恶梦.恶梦多在精神压抑性因素解除时发生，如刚结束，离婚手续刚办完，一场官司刚结案等，这时较易发生恶梦. (2) 人格因素:俗话说:“平生不做亏心事，半夜叫门心不惊”.一个人如果大公无私、行为磊落、与人为善、心情舒畅，自然很少作恶梦.而斤斤计较个人得失、终日愁眉不展，心情不舒，生就的前怕狼后怕虎的性格却偏偏想寻机与虎狼谋合，这种人必然常作恶梦.一些杀人responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 犯、被追捕的逃犯，整夜恶梦不断，惊魂不定.一些胆小怕事，生性懦弱的人也容易作恶梦. (3)药物因素:以前经常使用利血平作为降血压药物，久用此药会引起抑郁症，而抑郁症的早期表现主要是失眠和恶梦.有些药物(如催眠药物、中枢兴奋药物)，长期服用突然停止后，一周内眼快动睡眠可明显增加，甚至可占到50%左右，此时最易出现恶梦. 0 9685996 2009-10-10 19:52:31 123.244.209.* 举报 恶梦是人睡眠时因心跳过快过慢引起的一种恐惧感。 其中心跳过快会引起被追赶的恶梦;心动过慢或早搏会引起人悬空、人下落的恶梦。 古希腊科学家亚里士多德曾经预言:恶梦很可能是疾病的先兆。古罗马著名医生林格在自己的著作中记载了这样一件事:有个男子经常梦见自己的左腿沉重如石，迈不开步，没多久，他果然左腿瘫痪了。 近代的一些生理学家、心理学家和医学家也在不断地摸索恶梦与疾病的关系。根据他们的研究，总是梦见蜘蛛、毒蛇等可怕的动物，往往是皮肤将起疹的预兆;反复梦见被人追赶、从悬崖跌下、想喊又喊不出的，要注意心脏的病变;经常梦见脑部受压、呼吸困难的，要留神肺部的疾病;常常梦见自己吃臭鱼、烂虾等腐烂食物，也许是胃肠道疾病的先兆。 为什么这些恶梦会成为疾病的先兆呢?因为疾病初起时，病人虽然尚未觉察，但是体内已经出现了潜伏的病变，白天人们在觉醒时，外界大量的刺激信号传入大脑。这时，大脑忙于对外界信息的加工处理，responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 相比之下，疾病初起时的微弱刺激信息，便显得"无足轻重"了。此外，大脑对这种轻度的症状，有一种调节和适应的功能，所以人体也就没有什么感觉了。 但是，晚上睡觉时情况就大为不同了。这时，大脑的很多细胞已进入"休息"状态，外界很多强刺激信号已经无法传入大脑，协调和适应的功能也大为下降。于是，身体内部潜伏病变的异常信号，便可以使大脑相应部位的细胞活跃起来。此时，恶梦便应运而生了。因为有些恶梦的场景，与体内的潜伏病变有一些关系，所以就可能成为疾病的预兆。 说到这里，也许有的人会精神紧张起来:一出现恶梦就以为自己得了病。应该说，这是大可不必的。不过，如果接二连三出现类似恶梦，我们还是应当从身心两方面寻找原因，以便及早清除隐患。 1、梦到人或怪物敲打你的头部，或是向你的五官灌流质等。提示:可能患脑部肿瘤和神经系统疾病。 2、梦中听到怪响。提示:听觉中枢可能存在某些病变或附近血管硬化。 3、梦到气管被卡住，呼吸不顺畅、窒息。提示:呼吸系统可能存在病变。 4、梦中被追逐，心中恐惧，叫不出来，跑不动。惊醒后心有余悸、大汗、心跳加快。提示:可能是心脏冠状动脉供血不足。 5、梦中走路不稳、身体扭曲、肢体沉重，并伴随窒息感，且会突然惊醒。提示:可能是心绞痛的前兆。 responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 6、梦到从高处坠落，但始终是还没落到地面就已惊醒。提示:可能是心脏病的先兆。 7、梦到火的场景，例如自己被烧伤等。提示:可能患有高血压。 8、梦到水的场景，例如洪水、沼泽、溺水等。提示:肝胆系统和肾脏可能有病变。 9、梦到飞翔的场景。提示:循环系统可能有病变。 10、梦到面目狰狞的恶人。提示:消化系统可能存在病变。 11、梦中被殴打，醒后感觉梦中被打部位疼痛。提示:对应脏腑可能有潜伏病变。 12、梦中进食味道怪异的食物，醒后嘴中仍留有异味;或是梦中感到饥饿，吃进大量食物，醒后胀痛难受。提示:胃肠部位可能有疾患。 睡前吃几片面包可防做恶梦 血糖过低时，人会感到倦怠、疲劳、暴躁、反应迟钝等。研究还发现，低血糖还可能在入睡后发难，使人容易在恶梦中惊叫而醒、浑身出汗，难以再重新入睡。 为什么低血糖与做恶梦有关呢?实验研究证实，人在睡眠过程中，会以快波睡眠和慢波睡眠两种形式交替进行。 快波睡眠又称"有梦睡眠"，人做梦就是发生在这个时段。研究表明，在快波睡眠的过程中，人的神经兴奋增高，脑内蛋白质合成加快。当血糖过低时，大脑能量供应不足，蛋白质合成受阻，会导致快波睡眠时间延长，此时神经兴奋性会增高，恶梦就可能随时发生。反之，当血糖正常，人在睡眠过程中，蛋白质的合成代谢、能量的供应等处于responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 正常的生理状态，快波睡眠与慢波睡眠是有序地交替进行，神经系统不会过度兴奋，因此就不易产生恶梦。 碳水化合物食物能纠正低血糖，如果你常做恶梦，睡前不妨吃几片面包或两块小饼干试试，也可喝一杯加糖的牛奶。这可能对你减少恶梦、提高睡眠质量有一定帮助。 值得一提的是，有的糖尿病患者入睡困难、恶梦也多(这点常被忽视)。这往往与糖尿病患者容易出现低血糖有关。所以，当患者夜间经常低血糖发作，可考虑调整用药，或者在睡前少量加餐。当然，这些最好在医生的指导下进行。 0 帅哥1025 2009-11-13 22:41:38 210.31.199.* 举报 我也经常做恶梦,这 应该与睡姿有关系,注意不要压迫到心脏,这容易做恶梦,不然就是睡前不要看恐怖的东西,早点睡觉,...不过你可以吃一点安神的药就不会睡觉是做梦了 其他: 这样很累的,我也想知道这是怎么一回事? ... 0 会飞的小草 2009-11-14 1:05:37 125.77.169.* 举报 每个人都做梦。但大多数人醒来后不久就忘记梦了，最多只留下某些感觉。那些醒后还清晰记得梦的内容的，只能是睡眠质量不高，或者是多梦。经常听到有人说:"昨晚没有休息好，做了一夜的梦"、"我晚上梦多，简直没有睡着"。于是，这一天学习、工作起来似乎还真感到有点精神不振、精力不足，仿佛做梦真的耽误了休息。有些医生按照传统观念，也承认多梦是大脑不曾休息或休息不好的表现。其实，这种旧观念是不对的。做梦并能回忆梦境并不是睡眠不深的指标，也不能说做responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 了梦就表示不曾睡好。说整夜做梦是夸张，说没有做梦也不现实，更谈不上梦多梦少。国内外都有人对主诉失眠、整夜作梦或梦多的慢性失眠症，进行过生理测验，应用多种生理仪进行脑电波描记和研究，客观地记录，这些主诉"梦多"、"整夜作梦"病人的睡眠周期和正常人并没有什么差别，他们伴有梦的快波睡眠期所占的比例和实际时间也并没有明显缩短或延长，"整夜做梦"和"梦多"的体验与各项睡眠参数并没有相互联系。还有人对这类病人进行心理测验，认为这类体验与性格有关系。无论从人类睡眠的普遍规律，还是从实验研究的结果看，梦感与失眠未必有必然的联系。有无梦感及梦感的程度也不能作为失眠与否及失眠程度的客观指征。既然如此，人们为什么总习惯把做梦和失眠扯在一起呢?正如我们前面多次谈到的那样，梦是在快波睡眠期出现的一种必然的生理现象，是一种主动的生理过程，其表现形式有表象成分又带有感性性质的记忆活动和超常规的联想。而梦感则是指醒来后对梦中某些情节的回忆，或只留有曾做过梦的印象，连梦的内容大多也很难讲清楚。主诉失眠伴多梦或失眠无梦的人所说的梦应该指的是梦感，而梦感又与情绪因素和性格特点有关。比如，性格内向的人，多将注意力集中于自身内部的感受，睡眠较表浅易醒或惊醒，常能回忆起生动的梦境;情绪抑郁、焦虑的人容易从梦中惊醒，因而自感梦多且睡而不实。研究人员还发现，梦多与睡眠的惊醒程度密切相关，自诉平日梦多的人，睡眠中都比较易惊醒。在睡眠实验中，只要20分贝的音量便足以唤醒他们，他们的梦境回忆程度也高。临床上常常见到突然多梦的人，往往与受到七情所伤、心情不畅、responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 睡眠不安有关，因此失眠者往往伴有多梦。临床观察及实验结果都证明:失眠，尤其是长期失眠的主诉是不可靠的。许多学者对主诉失眠的病人进行研究后发现，失眠与心理紊乱有关。他们对睡眠潜伏期往往估计过高，而对实际睡眠时间又往往估计过低。实验测试时，失眠病人对有关睡眠参数的叙述与客观记录不符，不是夸大就是缩小。大多数专家认为，失眠的体验与情绪、性格有关。参考资料:自己 展开其他相似回答 (1) 隐藏其他相似回答 (1) 会飞的小草 2009-11-14 1:05:59 125.77.169.* 举报 每个人都做梦。但大多数人醒来后不久就忘记梦了，最多只留下某些感觉。那些醒后还清晰记得梦的内容的，只能是睡眠质量不高，或者是多梦。经常听到有人说:"昨晚没有休息好，做了一夜的梦"、"我晚上梦多，简直没有睡着"。于是，这一天学习、工作起来似乎还真感到有点精神不振、精力不足，仿佛做梦真的耽误了休息。有些医生按照传统观念，也承认多梦是大脑不曾休息或休息不好的表现。其实，这种旧观念是不对的。做梦并能回忆梦境并不是睡眠不深的指标，也不能说做了梦就表示不曾睡好。说整夜做梦是夸张，说没有做梦也不现实，更谈不上梦多梦少。国内外都有人对主诉失眠、整夜作梦或梦多的慢性失眠症，进行过生理测验，应用多种生理仪进行脑电波描记和研究，客观地记录证明，这些主诉"梦多"、"整夜作梦"病人的睡眠周期和正常人并没有什么差别，他们伴有梦的快波睡眠期所占的比例和实际时间也并没有明显缩短或延长，"整夜做梦"和"梦多"的体验与各项睡眠参数并没有相互联系。还有人对这类病人进行心理测验，认为这类体responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 验与性格有关系。无论从人类睡眠的普遍规律，还是从实验研究的结果看，梦感与失眠未必有必然的联系。有无梦感及梦感的程度也不能作为失眠与否及失眠程度的客观指征。既然如此，人们为什么总习惯把做梦和失眠扯在一起呢?正如我们前面多次谈到的那样，梦是在快波睡眠期出现的一种必然的生理现象，是一种主动的生理过程，其表现形式有表象成分又带有感性性质的记忆活动和超常规的联想。而梦感则是指醒来后对梦中某些情节的回忆，或只留有曾做过梦的印象，连梦的内容大多也很难讲清楚。主诉失眠伴多梦或失眠无梦的人所说的梦应该指的是梦感，而梦感又与情绪因素和性格特点有关。比如，性格内向的人，多将注意力集中于自身内部的感受，睡眠较表浅易醒或惊醒，常能回忆起生动的梦境;情绪抑郁、焦虑的人容易从梦中惊醒，因而自感梦多且睡而不实。研究人员还发现，梦多与睡眠的惊醒程度密切相关，自诉平日梦多的人，睡眠中都比较易惊醒。在睡眠实验中，只要20分贝的音量便足以唤醒他们，他们的梦境回忆程度也高。临床上常常见到突然多梦的人，往往与受到七情所伤、心情不畅、睡眠不安有关，因此失眠者往往伴有多梦。临床观察及实验结果都证明:失眠，尤其是长期失眠的主诉是不可靠的。许多学者对主诉失眠的病人进行研究后发现，失眠与心理紊乱有关。他们对睡眠潜伏期往往估计过高，而对实际睡眠时间又往往估计过低。实验测试时，失眠病人对有关睡眠参数的叙述与客观记录不符，不是夸大就是缩小。大多数专家认为，失眠的体验与情绪、性格有关。 responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 0 xeoat 2009-12-7 21:42:18 113.132.188.* 举报 梦魇即是指恶梦。就“魇”字而言，许慎在《说文解字》中言:“魇，梦惊也。”《字苑》释为“眠内不祥也。”《广韵》干脆直释为“恶梦。”常常因为在梦中仿佛看见或遇到可怕的事情而惊叫、呻吟。这种梦对人的刺激非常强烈，做梦者一觉醒过来后，能清楚地回忆起梦的内容。这些梦境使人感到梦魇是怎样产生的, 梦魇即是指恶梦。就“魇”字而言，许慎在《说文解字》中言:“魇，梦惊也。”《字苑》释为“眠内不祥也。”《广韵》干脆直释为“恶梦。”常常因为在梦中仿佛看见或遇到可怕的事情而惊叫、呻吟。这种梦对人的刺激非常强烈，做梦者一觉醒过来后，能清楚地回忆起梦的内容。这些梦境使人感到十分惊惧，并使人处于极度焦虑之中，或为妖魔鬼怪玩弄，戏于股掌之上;或被穷凶极恶之人，饥肠辘辘之兽穷追不舍;或是自己亲朋好友陷入某种灾难的边缘„„想喊时，自己的喉咙仿佛被什么东西堵住，喊不出来;想逃时，自己的两腿仿佛被谁的手拴住往后拉，逃不了，万般无奈，透不过气来，几近窒息。在将醒未醒之际，常常感到身躯和四肢难以动弹，仿佛被什么东西捆住了手脚一般，几经周折，才终于清醒过来，这时已是一身冷汗，三魂已被惊走了两魂。有些占梦者认为，这是梦者的灵魂受压迫所致。 恶梦的发生，既有外界的生理刺激，也有内在的心理创伤。在外因来说，梦魇多半是睡觉时被子盖住了嘴鼻，或者是把手压在胸部所引起的。人在睡眠时，心和肺的活动能力相对减弱了，所以，当嘴和鼻孔responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 被被子挡住或胸部受到压迫时，就感到心脏活动受到阻碍，呼吸困难。这种来自外部的刺激很快传到大脑皮层，便引起不正确的反应，于是，恶梦就产生了。有的人在梦中看到鬼怪扑在自己身上，张牙舞爪，要吃掉自己似的，于是想挣扎，想喊叫，但是大脑指挥手脚肌肉运动、发声的部分，却还处于抑制状态，所以梦里想挣扎，手脚却一动也不能动;想大喊大叫，却一点声音也喊不出来。此外，有的人患了某些慢性疾病，如慢性扁桃体炎、慢性鼻炎、慢性支气管炎等，这些疾病常常发生呼吸不通畅的毛病，因此在睡梦中，也容易发生恶梦。 从恶梦的内因方面来看，做梦者在做恶梦之前，精神上一定受到过刺激，留下了难以治愈的心理创伤。人在醒着的时候是靠理智支配着生活的，因此，早年留下的心理创伤便被理智抑制着，难以尽情“倾诉”，而当人进入睡眠状态时，理智便失去了它的权威性作用，意识被弱化。潜意识登场亮相了，梦者早年留下的心理创伤便“借助”恶梦而尽情“表现”。韩愈在《游湘西寺》一诗中云:“犹疑在波涛，怵惕成梦魇。”可见，梦魇确与恐惧警惕心理相联。 现代心理学家认为，人们之所以做恶梦，通常是和梦者童年时所害怕的一些事物有关，这大致可以追溯到人们一生中曾经历过的那个无力自助的孩提时期。三岁至六岁的小孩子，最容易做恶梦。一个成年人，一旦感到自己的安全没有保障，或是想起昔日某些令人恐惧和不安的事情时，也可能产生恶梦。十分惊惧，并使人处于极度焦虑之中，或为妖魔鬼怪玩弄，戏于股掌之上;或被穷凶极恶之人，饥肠辘辘之兽穷追不舍;或是自己亲朋好友陷入某种灾难的边缘„„想喊时，自己responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans, 的喉咙仿佛被什么东西堵住，喊不出来;想逃时，自己的两腿仿佛被 谁的手拴住往后拉，逃不了，万般无奈，透不过气来，几近窒息。在 将醒未醒之际，常常感到身躯和四肢难以动弹，仿佛被什么东西捆住 了手脚一般，几经周折，才终于清醒过来，这时已是一身冷汗，三魂 已被惊走了两魂。有些占梦者认为，这是梦者的灵魂受压迫所致。 responsibility; implementation of the quality policy and objectives, establish and improve the Organization, according to the project situation, the rational allocation of resources required. Organizational security, quality inspections on a regular basis, developed under the auspices of the improvement programmes and measures. Responsible for implementing the State, ministries, local governments and owners of works civil construction, environmental protection, transportation, flood control and safety laws and regulations and instructions. 3, Deputy Project Manager: Vaucanson, organizing and commanding the construction production, take full responsibility for project construction production; organization and management of the project construction organization, safe and civilized construction, standardization, production scheduling, resource allocation and management. Responsible for organizing the implementation of monitoring the safety, quality, construction, environmental protection, soil conservation, occupational health and other work carried out to ensure that project management goal be achieved. 4, Chief Engineer: Zhou Lin, with overall responsibility for the project's construction technology and quality control. Organization and preparation of the construction project of the Department of project construction organization designs, management plans, quality plans,