1_7229266_挖掘机破碎锤坚石破碎方案

1_7229266_挖掘机破碎锤坚石破碎 挖掘机破碎锤坚石破碎方案 一、工程概况 工程名称:*** 建设单位:*** 设计单位:*** 监理单位:*** 施工单位:*** 开竣工日期:*** 安全目标:死亡事故为零，重大火灾事故为零，重伤事故为零，负伤频率控制在6‰以内，杜绝人员中毒事件的发生。 文明施工目标 争创“省安全文明工地” 本编制依据:现场实际坚石图片。 本工程位于:***、由于基坑开挖过程中，发现了大量大体积坚石。深度有10m左右，现场周围无房屋、构筑物等其他需保护设施自然环境条件较好，不受噪声的限制。 二 、坚石施工布署 1、 坚石施工分布 坚石分布在A区和B区,C区无坚石(见图示) alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and *** 2、机械的选用: 选用SY285C-8以上的采用挖掘机 破碎锤〈镐头机〉，要适合矿山作业及中大型土石方作业的挖掘机。确保安全可靠;大功率发动机，保证强劲的动力输出、提高工作效率。高可靠性:能够满足极端恶劣工况的作业要求。满足国家的行业标准，同时也满足安全规定。 3、破碎机及车辆行走路线 1)根据现场实际情况，设置内置坡道，分别在A区基坑西侧和北侧留设坡道30米长、8米宽,坡度为27?的两个车道，供运石汽车进出基坑，最后收尾时可根据现场实际情况进行。 2)本工程A区土方开挖后、先破碎中间核心筒部分的坚石，从西侧运土的坡道运出石块，B区由北向南方向破碎，完成的碎石块由北侧的坡道运出基坑。汽车坡道两侧要按规定放坡。 三、挖掘岩石技术措施 1、适当的击穿力 1)使用铲斗挖掘岩石会对机器造成较大破坏，应尽避免; 2)挖掘前将破铲斗卸下换上破碎锤(镐头机)，应根据岩石的裂纹方向来调整机体的位置，使镐头能够顺alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and 利打入，进行破碎; 2)为了有效的破碎，破碎锤应用合适的击穿力。如果击穿力不足，那么活塞的锤击能量将不能有效碎石;这样锤击力的反作用力会传至破碎锤本体、挖掘机的大臂等从而损坏这些部件。 3)另一方面，挖掘机大臂举升情况下，如果击穿力过大并且进行破碎作业时，机器可能会在碎石瞬间突然倾斜，破碎锤猛烈，破碎锤猛烈撞击石头会引起破碎锤损坏，在此状况下进行打击作业，振动也会传到挖掘机的履带、车轮应避免在这种状况下作业。 4)所以在打击作业期间，要时时注意破碎锤的击穿力，击穿力不适当时不要作业。 5)把镐头插入岩石裂缝中，用斗杆和镐头的挖掘力进行挖掘; 6)未被碎裂的岩石，应先破碎再使用铲斗挖掘。 挖掘机 破碎锤(镐头机) 2、击穿方向 1)击穿方向应与钢钎成一直线。钢钎击碎岩石时，尽量保持垂直方向进行作业，如果锤击方向倾斜，那么锤击作业时，钢钎可能会滑脱，引起钢钎及活塞断裂或卡死。所以进行破碎作业时，应选好击穿点，这样钢钎锤击作业时能保证锤击稳定。 alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and 2)破碎石块时应注意现场安全，对于落差较大的部分设置脚手架栏杆，并设专 3、破碎锤操作技术 (1)首先要确认周围状况。回转作业时，对周围障碍物、地形要做到心中有数，安全操作; (2)作业时，要确认履带的前后方向，避免造成倾翻或撞击; (3)尽量不要把终传动面对挖掘方向，否则容易损伤行走马达或软管; (4)作业时，要保证左右履带与地面完全接触，提高整机的动态稳定性。 4、坡面平整作业 进行平面修整时应将机器平放地面，防止机体摇动，要把握动臂与斗杆的动作协调性，控制两者的速度对于平面修整至关重要。 5、装载作业 (1)机体应处于水平稳定位置，否则回转卸载难以准确控制，从而延长作业循环时间; (2)机体与卡车要保持适当距离，防止在做180度回转时机体尾部与卡车相碰; (3)尽量进行左回转装上，这样做视野开阔、作业效率高，同时要正确掌握旋转角度，以减少用于回转的alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and 时间; (4)卡车位置应比挖掘机低，以缩短动臂提升时间，且视线良好; (5)先装砂土、碎石，再放置大石块，这样可以减少对车箱的撞击。 6)驾驶室前要装上碎片防护罩装置，防止作业时飞来的碎块造成伤害。 7)在作业期间，所有现场人员包括挖机司机都必须戴上耳塞及口罩。 8)司机应坐在座椅上操作破碎锤，只有在挖掘机与破碎锤状态均正常时才可以破碎锤。 9)若有人进入作业危险区域时，应立即停止破碎锤的作业;因为相对挖掘作业而言，破碎锤作业时，人员很容易被飞迸出的碎块击中。 10)用破碎锤作业时，操作挖掘机/装载机应遵守挖掘机/装载机制造厂家的安全操作规定。确认使用安装完好、调试正常的破碎锤。 11)醉酒或服药有反应的情况下禁止破碎锤操作。 12)当脱开弯背进行维护及检修时，应确保工况稳定并放低工作装置。 四、操作注意事项 破碎锤进行工作期间操作人员应注意以下几点: alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and 1、软管剧烈振动时应停止作业 应检查破碎锤高压及低压软管是否振动过于剧烈。如果存在那种情况，可能是出了故障，应马上与您当地的经我们认可指定的服务处联系以获得维修服务。应进一步检查软管接头处是否渗油，若有渗油，应重新拧紧接头处。作业期间应目测钢钎是否有余量，若无余量肯定是卡在破碎锤里了，应拆下破碎锤，查看部件是否应修理或更换故障部件。 2、停止作业(避免过度空击) 石块一旦击碎后应立即停止锤击。若持续空击，螺栓会松动或断裂，甚至挖掘机也会受到不利的影响。当破碎锤击穿力不当或把钢钎用作撬杆时，会产生空击现象。(破碎锤空击时锤击时声音会改变) 3、破碎锤不可以用来搬移石块 不可使用钢钎末瑞或支架侧面来滚动或推动石块。因为此时油压来自挖掘机、装载机大臂、小臂。铲斗、摇摆或滑动操作，所以大小臂会损坏，同时破碎锤螺栓可能会断裂，支架会损坏，钢钎会断裂或划伤，应避免用破碎 锤来搬移石块。特别指出，钢钎插在石块中，挖掘千万不可以行走。 4、不可以把钢钎当作撬杆使用 碎石时若将钢钎当作撬杆使用，螺栓和钢钎可能会断alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and 裂 5、持续连打不要超过一分钟 击打坚硬的岩石时，同一处击打持续不要超过一分钟，然后再换一处击打作业 。长时间的击打操作会引起油温升高，从而会导致钢钎衬套损坏及钢钎进度磨损。 6、对于长、坚硬的大石块，可在其裂纹处或尾端处开始破碎，这样相对容易击碎石块。 7、破碎锤应在例行的引擎转速下作业 破碎锤进行破碎时，引擎转速应符合规定定值，超过作业需要的引擎转速并不会增加打击力，但会使油温升高导致设备损坏。 8、不能让破碎锤直接下落来击碎石块 破碎锤直接下落来碎石的话，破碎锤或挖掘机会承受过大的力，这样容易损坏挖掘机部件。 9、挖掘机大臂上的油缸杆行程最大时，请不要进行击打作业 当挖掘机、装载机油缸杆行程最大时(油缸杆完全伸出或缩进)进行碎石的话，会损坏油缸及挖掘机、装载机的各个部件。 10、不要用破碎锤悬吊物体 不要在破碎锤、以架及钢钎上系上绳索悬吊物体，这alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and 样容易损坏破碎锤、支架及钢钎，而且这种操作也是 十分危险的。 11、特别指出，在冬天应开动引擎5到20分钟进行预 热，然后 才可以操作破碎锤，应根据挖掘机操作维护 保养说明来预热引擎，在低温下进行破碎作业，这样 很容易损坏破碎锤的各个零部件，如活塞、密封件等。 alternate, picked out aquatic debris weighed (accurate to 0.5 g), quality value is the inclusion of content. 1 step five, sediment impurities extract Laminaria weighing. Then by using a stiff brush or nylon brush to brush the leaves attached to the sand, impurity, so far to no significant sediment, cut off no net addition of kelp, and then brush of impurities such as sand, seaweed and weighing under. Use weighing apparatus measuring range 10 kg (index value must be greater than 5 g) scale.cdAcid, shake carefully 5min, began to shake when deflated. Static hierarchy, discard sulfate layer, add 50 mL of sulfuric acid repeat treatment once. the benzene layer is moved into another separatory funnel, washed three times with water, and then by the dehydration of anhydrous sodium sulfate, collected with a glass distillation apparatus distillation distillation liquid. Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution: weigh 50mg 2-4 one or two Nitrophenylhydrazine, l000mL solution in benzene. Trichloroacetic acid solution: weigh the 4 solid three acid 3 g, plus 100mL benzene dissolved. Ethanol solutions of potassium hydroxide: weigh 4 g of potassium hydroxide, and refining ethanol 100 mL dissolve, cold dark night-get upper clear fluid. Solution Brown should be prepared again. 3, instruments spectrophotometer. Precision weighing about 0.025g~0 4, analysis steps. Placed in a 25mL bottle of 5 g sample, plus benzene dissolved sample and dilute to scale. Lessons learned 5.0 mL, placed in a 25 mL test tubes, plus 3mL TCA solution and 5 mL2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine solution, shake and