孩子注意力训练

孩子注意力训练 德国父母:是否得第一并不重要 当今世界，各国都有一个共识，那就是——“儿童是祖国的未来”。因此，如何帮助孩子成才，如何给孩子创造良好的环境成为众人关注的焦点。据德国《家庭与教育》杂志的一篇文章介绍，德国人对如何在家庭中为孩子创造一个良好的教育环境，以及父母自己如何对孩子言传身教有独到的见解。他们坚持认为，家庭在孩子的成才中起着巨大的作用。 “你并非要得第一不可”。“我的爸爸很早就让我知道:我并非一定要得第一不可。”来自德国，现在北京大学读中文的里求,中文名,说，“在我失败时，他总是告诉我，他对此感到很平和，他认为我比成绩要重要得多，但是他的确很希望我能够有好成绩”。 德国人比较注重为孩子的学习环境创造良好的条件，但是，他们不希望给孩子很大的压力。他们也会很关心孩子的成绩，但是不会把分数看得比孩子，比实力更重要。从另一方面说，德国人比较注重从情感上渲染孩子，他们很关心孩子，从小就使孩子感到被爱，每次都会鼓励他们去做，做得更好。当孩子成绩不好或是有不良行为时，他们会很认真地去和孩子探讨原因，积极从孩子的观点去考虑问题，而不会用其他给孩子施加压力的方式去对待孩子。 “他们把孩子置于成绩的上面，而不是成绩要比孩子重要。”里求说，就他在德国呆的20多年里，他发现德国人十分善于在家庭中营造一种教育的氛围。“就以我来说，我的爸爸是一个司机，妈妈是一个公司里的职员。小时候，我的学习成绩不好，但是他们并没有因此而不再爱我。记忆最深的是，的第一次考试我没有及格。回家去的时候妈妈知道我不及格，但是她并没有骂我更没有打我，只是问我是不是感到功课太重了。她还去学校找了老师，从此之后她更关心 我，我有问题总是和我一起解决而不是责骂。我考试就像是我们一起去考试。”他说，他的同学里面很少有因为成绩原因而遭到父母的虐待，那些遭到父母的殴打的同学都是因为其他原因。 “德国人比较注重培养孩子的能动性和自觉性，比如做作业，孩子不会，父母只会鼓励他们自己去找答案，绝对不会轻易说出答案。”“在我的家，从我上学的第一天起，家里就有一个书房，专门为我留着。而爸爸即使由于工作原因没有钱而要到慕尼黑去打工，但是他生气也不会对我发脾气。他常常告诉我，我不需要每次都做到最好，我并非要得第一不可。但是他们常常要求我自立，不要过于依赖他人。”里求说。他在德国读完免费的九年义务教育之后，考上了柏林大学，之后又来北大留学，他的父母一直都支持他。 “我的今天，完全是父母给我的家教造成的。”里求说。“父母一直都是我的榜样。”父母对于孩子的影响是不言而喻的。在家庭教育中，父母是最重要的角色。听听德国人怎么看待父母的榜样力量的。 特斯，北大哲学系的大三学生，来自德国Frankfurt。今年24岁的特斯成绩优秀。“我的父母自小就让我做决定，他们总是告诉我说，我有各种各样的选择。我可以选择一边读书一般学习音乐，也可以选择去做运动员，反正我的人生是我自己决定的，他们只给我指导意见。可是他们却在有意无意之中向我灌输感的重要性，他们在要求我自己作决定的同时也要求我对自己的行为负责。而他们也会为他们的行为负责。妈妈在面包房里工作，每天都在家里把黑面包发酵，这么多年一直都很敬业，也从来不会沾面包房的小便宜。就是她的这种负责精神感染了我。他们是我学习的榜样。” 德国慕尼黑学前教育研究所所长W-E-冯纳斯基斯教授来中国参加经验交 流会时说:“我参观过中国的幼儿园、学校，父母出许多钱让孩子上那么好的学校，真羡慕这里的孩子。”但是，中国的父母大多以为孩子上了学，教育孩子就是学校的事了。其实不然，在孩子长大成人前，父母必须在家庭教育上花大力气。冯纳教授指出，如果将一个家庭在孩子身上的所有投资以“1”为计算单位，那么父母就应将其中的50%投资在家庭教育上。因为在孩子成长过程中，家庭教育是最重要的。 “家庭教育对孩子，尤其是未成年孩子如此重要，家庭的教育氛围，父母的言传身教对孩子的一生都产生重大的影响甚至可以决定孩子的一生。中国的父母在对孩子寄托重大期望的同时也要注意自己的言行。在家庭中注意对孩子的教育方法，这才是长远之计。”特斯说。 训练儿童注意力的好方法 先准备10张A4的纸,在每张纸正中间打出一个表格,表格的要求:横着有九行,竖着有九列,行列的间距都是一厘米,这样就产生9×9的表格,共81个单元格(其实这个表格仅占A4纸的1/4不到,否则怎么可能同时指的到呢,为什么还要这么大的纸呢?为了让孩子可以集中注意力,不受其他的影响,这个时候不提倡节约),这项工作可以鼓励孩子去做.培养参与意识与兴趣 然后把1--81这些数字打乱顺序添入表格中,随便写,但数字要,不要有错误,重复等现象,这项工作由父母去做(这两项工作也可以用计算机去做) 每天同一时间(这一点很重要)让孩字找两张,用食指按顺序指出1-81,记录时间 如果达到速度一分半钟(大约一个月),改为用食指和中指指相邻的数字1,2然后2,3接着3,4依次类推再计录时间,训练三个月. 同一天,还有一项工作就是写数字,小一点的孩子可以隔一个数字写,例:1,3,5,7.....,.297,299,301.大一点的孩子可以隔两个写,例1,4,7,10.......294,297,300,都是一直写到300 再给大家说明一点:找数字时,要由父母拿着,放在孩子的正前方,让孩子平视. 集中注意力训练方法二招,转, 方法一:训练孩子的听觉。 很多时候，孩子看起来是在认真的听，但是脑子已经不知道跑到哪里去了，这就是注意力不集中。为此，我们北大超人教育发展中心研究了一系列的训练方法，帮助您的孩子克服散漫观，集中注意力，提高学习效率。 父母可以给孩子读一个小故事，孩子听完以后，让他数一数里面出现了几个“的”、 “一”或“了”。 这种训练方法在读物的选择上要由短到长，由易到难，父母朗读的语速要由慢到快，一开始可以着重强调某些字，以提高儿童的学习兴趣。这种方法简单易行，在听故事中就可以使孩子得到训练，手边的儿童读物就可以作为教材。 例如:听完故事说出以下文章出现了多少个“的”字。 三只小猪盖房子，他们的妈妈说要把房子盖结实。大猪盖了个草的房子，二猪盖了个木头的房子，小猪盖了个砖的房子。 大风来了，吹走了大猪的草的房子。大雨来了，泡坏了二猪的木头的房子。只有小猪的砖的房子好好的。 方法二:训练孩子的听觉宽度 孩子的听觉宽度决定孩子的注意力能否集中，这里是训练孩子听觉宽度的方法之一:由家长来说句子，孩子跟着念，每一句比前一句添加一个词语，更复杂一点，看孩子的接受力强度，经常训练可以提高孩子的听觉宽度，使得孩子能够逐渐集中注意力。例如: 1、我有一个书包。 2、有一个红色的书包。 3、我有一个红色的带白色花瓣的书包。 4、我有一个红色的带白色花瓣的双肩背的书包。 5、我有一个红色的带白色花瓣的双肩背的妈妈送给我的书包。 6、我有一个红色的带白色花瓣的双肩背的过生日的时候妈妈送给我的书包。 7、我有一个红色的带白色花瓣的双肩背的过十岁生日的时候妈妈送给我的书包。 8、我有一个红色的带白色花瓣的双肩背的过十岁生日的时候妈妈送给我的我最 喜欢的书包。 9、我有一个漂亮的红色的带白色花瓣的双肩背的过十岁生日的时候妈妈送给我的我最喜欢的书包。 方法三: 顶纸杯 这是一个家庭小游戏，简单易行，可以帮助孩子集中注意力。 让孩子站立或平坐，顶一个纸杯在头上，然后放音乐对孩子进行干扰，看看他们是否能保持平衡，将注意力集中在头顶的纸杯上。 这个游戏可以由两个以上的孩子一起做，比赛谁集中注意力、控制自己意识的时间长，也可以由家长和孩子一起来比赛。 1.给孩子营造安静整洁的学习环境。孩子的书桌上除了文具和书籍外，不应摆放其它物品，以免分散他的注意力. 2.要求孩子在规定的时间内完成作业。有些父母因为孩子的注意力不集中就在孩子身边“站岗”，这不是有效的办法，长期下去会使孩子产生依赖心理。 3.对孩子讲话不要过多重复。有的父母对孩子不放心，一件事要反复讲几遍，这样孩子就习惯于一件事要反复听好几遍才能弄清。当老师只讲一遍时，他似乎没听见或没听清，这样听课常使得孩子不能很好地理解老师的讲课内容，也就谈不上取得好的学习效果。 4.父母可以让孩子听音乐、听小说，鼓励孩子用自己的话描述所听到的内容，从而培养孩子专心听讲的好习惯。 5.可建议孩子先做一些较为容易的作业，在孩子注意力最集中的时间再做较复杂的作业，还可以口头作业与书写作业相互交替着做。 6.及时奖励。对于孩子学习时注意力集中的点滴进步，都要予以鼓励。如果孩子 过去注意时间仅5 分钟，现在能坚持8 分钟了，就要立即表扬。孩子是夸出来的。 培养孩子主动学习十法 1、孩子每天上学前，告诉他放学回家后要将一天所学的内容讲出来, 2、每天让孩子在书桌前坐10分钟, 3、将孩子学习每科的时间控制在20分钟左右, 4、在孩子喜欢看的电视节目开始前的半小时或1小时定为孩子的学习时间, 5、给孩子制定的学习目标放在“量”而不是“时间”上, 6、让孩子彻底放松地玩, 7、当孩子的注意力不在学习上时，最好不要强迫孩子学习, 8、开始学习前，让孩子整理一下书桌, 9、饭前和饭后一小时不要让孩子学习, 10、孩子学习过程中休息时，时间不要超过10分钟，而且最好让孩子离开书桌。一、玩扑克游戏。可锻炼注意力高度集中和快速反应能力。取三张不同的牌,去掉花牌,，随意排列于桌上，如从左到右依次是梅花2，黑桃3，方块5、选取一张要记住的牌，如梅花2，让她盯住这张牌，然后把三张牌倒扣在桌上，由家长随意更换三张牌的位置，然后，让她报出梅花2在哪儿。如她说猜对了，就胜，两人轮换做游戏。随着能力的提高，家长可以增加难度，如增加牌的数量等,这种方法能高度培养注意力的集中，由于是游戏，符合孩子的心理特点，非常受孩子欢迎，玩起来孩子的积极性很高。每天坚持玩一阵，注意力会有所提高。 二、买一些智力训练的书，每天坚持做练习。一些锻炼观察力、注意力、记忆力的图文，如走迷宫，在一大堆图中找某样东西，找异同,同中找异，异中找同,， 比大小、长短，在规定的时间内把一页图中的物品记住，然后合上书让她报出来。等等。时间不可过长，但往后可延长练习时间，一定要每天坚持练。做对给红五星奖励或打分。 三、玩“开火车”游戏。这种游戏要三人以上，一家三口就可以完成，当然如果有爷爷奶奶或其他参加，那就更好了。为了叙述的方便，现以三人为例，方法是:三人围坐一圈，每人报上一个站名，通过几句对话语言来开动“火车”。如，父当作北京站，母当作上海站，孩子当作广州站。父拍手喊:“北京的火车就要开。”大家一齐拍手喊:“往哪开,”父拍手喊:“广州开”，于是，当广州站的儿子要马上接口:“广州的火车就要开。”大家又齐拍手喊:“往哪开,”儿子拍手喊:“上海开”。这样火车开到谁那儿，谁就得马上接得上口。“火车”开得越快越好，中间不要有间歇。这种游戏由于要做到口、耳、心并用，因此能让注意力高度集中，同时也锻炼了思维快速反应能力，而且这种游戏气氛活跃，能调动人的积极性，孩子玩起来，乐此不疲。 四、玩乒乓球干扰注意游戏。本来一个人要保持注意力高度集中就不容易，如果旁边再有人进行干扰，你会觉得更难以集中注意。比如你在做作业时，旁边正上演吸引人的电视节目，你就会分散注意力，然而正因为有干扰，有难度，才能在人为设置的更困难更复杂的情境中，训练注意力的高度集中。可以让孩子把球放在球拍上，绕桌子行走一圈，要求乒乓球不能掉下来。家长在旁边进行捣乱，但不能碰到他的身体。可以拍手跺脚，可以大喊大叫，还一边说“掉了,掉了,”或者用笑声干扰，但无论如和都要就孩子继续完成游戏 儿童注意力训练 注意力是儿童普遍存在的问题。他们在听课、做作业、看书、活动等事情上，往往不能集中注意力，也没有耐性，没有毅力，这和他们的先天有关，也和他们后天的养育、饮食、睡眠、环境等有关。解决孩子的注意力问题要综合治理。这里给家长和老师提供一个训练的方法。 取一章A4大小的卡片纸，画一横竖相等的25个方格的表，里边填上1~25的数字，这些数字排列是不规则的。 训练方法是这样的:每天晚上组织孩子训练，让孩子按照顺序朗读出1~25数字，读一遍，为训练一次。每天三次。每次家长在旁边给孩子记时，并做记录，第一次用了多少秒，第二次用了多少秒，每次孩子速度都有提高，25秒为合格。这样的记录，会使孩子产生成就感。为了提高孩子的成就感，在这提前，家长再做一张成绩记录表，记录每次孩子训练成绩。家长也可以参与，一起比赛，当然，每次家长都输掉，是鼓励孩子的方法。在这样的有趣比赛中，有意无意之间，孩子的注意力就慢慢提高了。这里要提示大家的是，我们在组织孩子训练的时候，不要和孩子提注意力的事情，而给孩子的感觉就是比赛或游戏。还有，这个训练要坚持，每天都做。为了坚持经常，这里提醒家长，在开始做这个训练的时候，孩子很感兴趣，但不要让孩子做的时间太长，如果第一次孩子就累了，不开心，没有兴趣，孩子以后的训练就难了。同时家长心态也要摆正，特别是训练几次，就指望孩子的注意力提高到什么程度，那也是不现实的。孩子注意力的改变是缓慢的。另外，也可以根据孩子的年龄大小，适当提高格数。特别是孩子熟练了一个训练后，就可以增加格数，如36格，49格等。如果孩子很小，开始可以用9 格，也可以用诗词，孩子训练的时候，一定让孩子朗读出来。 儿童注意力训练(上) 第一阶段:儿童注意力训练 ,一, 吉米诺骨版 ,二, 让儿童看画有线条的图，数出共有几条线。 ,三, 让儿童在8—30横排列的数字中，按顺序找出8、12、24这三个数，要求用手指出数字，并念出声来，越快越好。 ,四, 让儿童在竖排的数字中顺序找出数字1—10，要求用手指出数字，并念出声来，越快越好。 ,五, 让儿童在放置衣架的衣柜中数出有几个衣服架。,形象辨别训练法, ,六, 让儿童在有多种动物的画片中找出与动物数量相应的数字。 ,七, 成人依次念下列的动物名称和水果名称，让儿童听到动物名称拍一下手，听到水果名称拍两下手。,快速反映训练法,公鸡，大老虎，苹果，梨，兔子，香蕉，长颈鹿，桔子，西瓜，菠萝 ,八, 成人无规则地说出人体器官的名称，让儿童快速指出来。然后调换方式，让儿童说出人体器官名称，成人指出相应的器官。 ,九, 让儿童把一个乒乓球向上抛出，然后接住，反复20次。 ,十, 成人把一些米柴棒胡乱地堆放在一起，要求每根米柴棒至少与另外一根相接触，然后让儿童把米柴棒一根根地拿起来。要求在拿起米柴棒时越轻越好，尽可能不要使其他的米柴棒被触动。,延时训练法, ,十一, 成人给儿童许多块各种形状的积木，让儿童把这些积木一块块叠加起来，叠加得越高越好。在儿童进行叠加时，成人要指导儿童尽可能地慢慢叠，这样会叠得高些，并提醒儿童注意平衡。 ,十二, 让孩子看一张画有数种动物的图片,或东西，实物也可以,，限定在一定时间内看完，开始时间可长些，逐渐减少看的时间，将图片拿走后，让孩子说出图片上有哪些动物。如果他记住的不多，可能将动物分类记，如兽类有几种，鸟类有几种，鱼类各有几种，这样就能记得快些。 ,十三, 让孩子闭上眼睛，说出你现在身上穿的衣服鞋子是什么颜色。如果你也闭上眼睛说出孩子的衣服鞋子颜色，将会引起孩子对这个游戏的更大兴趣。 ,十四, 妈妈和孩子两个人以打电话的方式来玩这个游戏。妈妈可以问孩子家庭住址，家里的电话号码，爸爸妈妈的生日，特别是名人生平等。 ,十五, 妈妈可以将家里的小动物玩具集合起来，事先给每个小动物编上号码，开始时让每个小动物都站在自己的号码上，请孩子记住，然后妈妈再将号码拿起来，并把号码弄乱，再让孩子给每个小动物把它们原来的号码贴上，看看孩子是不是能够准确地把号码和小动物一一对号入座。 ,十六, 你和孩子有空时可以玩记忆游戏，写一些词语，和孩子一起想办法把它们按照一定的顺序,从前往后、从后往前,记住。当然，其中有一个秘密，就是可以通过编一个故事，来记住这些词语。比如:1、太阳、2、鞋子、3、膝盖、4、门、5、蜂厢、6、手杖。你可以设想一些荒谬的画面，一本书在燃烧，因为太阳藏在里面,你把鞋子扔到邮箱里所以得整天单脚跳,一匹大马踩在你的膝盖上--哎哟，好疼,你的卧室门打不开了，因为一张巨大的邮票把它帖得牢牢的,你打开收音机，被里面蜂厢里涌出的大群蜜蜂给蛰了一顿,你用手杖来搅一杯茶 ,十七, 宝宝画册:家长带孩子外出或旅游时，要提示孩子他看到些什么,回到家后，让孩子用画笔把他在游玩过程中所看到的内容全部画下来，并把这些画集结成册装订好。这个游戏孩子一定喜欢，而且还能练习他的绘画能力，等孩子 长大一些，这本画册也可以成为孩子成长的纪念品。 ,十八, 连锁记忆法就是运用了这个记忆规律。它告诉人们，当需要记忆大量独立的信息时，可 以人为地创造一种联系，使许多独立的信息成为一个组块，从而提高记忆效果。例如，幼儿 要记忆许多动物的名称，“大象、老鼠、猫、狗、猪、鸡……”家长可以这样指导幼儿运用 连锁记忆法。先教幼儿把“大象”与“老鼠”联系起来，如可以这样想象“老鼠钻到大象的长鼻子里了。”再把“老鼠”与“猫”联系起来，如可以这样想象“猫抓住了老鼠”，再想 象“狗与猫在打架”，再想象“狗与猪是好朋友”，再想象“鸡站在猪的身上”……这样就 把这些内容连锁起来了:只要一提到“大象”就会想到钻到它长鼻子里的老鼠，然后就会想 到猫抓住了老鼠…… 第二阶段:注意力、记忆力协同训练阶段 ,一, 找不同训练法:通过让儿童寻找两种材料之间的不同之处，从而达到训练注意力和记忆力的目的。 ,二, 找相同的训练法:找出两种材料,或两种以上材料,之间的相同之处，从而达到训练作童的注意力和记忆力的目的。 ,三, 合成训练法 1. 父母与儿童一起数数，每人依顺序数3个数。 2. 如父亲:1，2，3， 母亲:4，5，6 3. 儿童:7，8，9 4. 父母拿出一些书，然后与儿童一起整齐地摆到书架上。 5. 要求父亲一次摆一本，儿童一次摆2本，母亲一次摆3本。 6. 在围棋盘或象棋盘上，摆上7，8个棋子，让幼儿看1分钟，然后拿掉，再让幼儿照原样摆上。 儿童注意力训练(中) 第三阶段:记忆增强训练 ,一, 信息减少训练法 1. 成人在桌子上摆出下列玩具，让儿童看一分钟，然后家长让儿童闭上眼睛，拿掉小刀，手表，水杯，小狗，让儿童说出减少了什么。 2. 书，小汽车，铅笔，水杯，布娃娃，小狗，手表，剪刀，小瓶子，帽子，小刀，扣子 ,二, 成人先说了下面第一句话，然后再说第二句话，让儿童说出第二句话比第一句话少了什么字。 第一句:树上有5只小鸟，飞起了4只，还剩下1只，后来有1只非常大的鸟飞到树上来了。 第二句:树上有5只小鸟，飞起了4只，后来有1只飞到树上来了。 ,三, 信息增加训练法:成人先念第一句话，然后再念第二句话，让儿童说出第二句话比第一句话多出了什么字。 第一句话:一辆大汽车装了很多东西，有2个西瓜，3张桌子，5包书和1台电视机。 第二句话:一辆大汽车装了很多东西，有2个西瓜，2个苹果，3张桌子，5包书和1台电视机。 ,四, 信息增失训练法 1. 成人把下列物品摆在桌子上，让儿童看1分钟，然后让儿童闭上眼睛，拿掉尺、水杯、钥匙、汽车,加上苹果、饼干、圆珠笔、夹子、火柴盒。 2. 物品: 橡皮 书 水杯 眼镜 钥匙 积木 汽车 小刀 磁带 尺子 硬币 ,五, 动作训练法 1. 成人依次做下面4个手势，让儿童注意看，成人做完后让儿童按顺序重做出来。 第一个动作:双手握拳。 第二个动作:双手伸出大拇指。 第三个动作:双手伸出中指和食指。 第四个动作:双手伸出小拇指。 2. 成人依次做下面3个动作，让儿童注意看，成人做完后，让儿童按顺序重做出来。 第一个动作:把一块糖放到茶杯里，然后倒进一些凉水，再把杯盖盖上。 第二个动作:用4块积木任意组成一个图形。 第三个动作:用铅笔在杯子上敲一下，在积木上敲两下。 ,六, 连续命令训练法:这种训练法的做法是:成人连续发出几个命令让儿童按顺序去完成。 1. 成人依次把下列3个命令告诉儿童，待说完后，让儿童按顺序完成。 第一个命令:把门打开。 第二个命令:把茶叶放到杯子里，盖上盖子。 第三个命令:把3个玩具,成人任说3个儿童常玩的玩具,拿到桌子上来。 2. 成人依次把下列3个念给儿童听，念完后，让儿童按顺序说出3题的答案。 第一题:1加上2等于多少, 第二题:2加上3等于多少, 第三题:1加上4等于多少, ,八, 广度训练法:这种训练法的做法是:念给儿童听一些记忆材料，听完后立即让儿童复述出来。具体训练题举例: 1. 家长把下列四组汉字依次念给儿童听，每隔一秒钟念一个字。念完后，立即让儿童复述出来。 第一组:书 球 第二组:电 水 车 第三组:好 吃 天 风 第四组:走 饭 花 灯 狗 2. 家长把下列四组数字,每组两批数字,依次念给儿童听，每隔一秒钟念一个，念完后，让儿童倒复述出来，如家长念:“2-4”，儿童念“4-2”。 第一组:2-4 0-8 第二组:3-7-4 6-2-8 第三组:5-2-7-9 4-3-8-5 第四组:6-5-2-7-3 9-4-8-6-1 3. 家长依次念下列三组材料，每组必有汉字和数字。家长每隔一秒钟念一下，念完后先让儿童按顺序复述数字，然后再让儿童按顺序复述汉字。如:家长念:“8-天-6-纸-2-车”儿童:“8-6-2”,“天-纸-车”。 第一组:“8-天-6-纸-2-车” 第二组:“3-好-4-水-2-画-7-灯” 第三组:“9-跑-6-球-4-床-5-电” 4. 数字记忆:从两位数开始，任意说一些数字，如12，15，19，28，每个数字之间保持一秒钟的间隔，让孩子跟着说，如能跟上，则将数字增至三位，依此类推， 增至四位。五位……，看孩子能记住哪些数字，记住几位数字，还可以让孩子记忆门牌号，电话号码，历史年代等数字材料。 5. 实物记忆:观察商店的橱窗，然后背诵陈列的商品，观察文具盒里的物品，然后背诵盒中共有多少件东西,观察公园里的花坛，然后背诵有几种颜色的花等 第四阶段:强化记忆训练阶段 ,一, 对偶训练法:这种训练法的做法是:同时让儿童识记两种相互关联的材料，然后让儿童根据一种材料回忆相关联的另一种材料。 ,二, 顺序训练法:这种训练法的做法是:让儿童按顺序识记一些材料，然后遮住材料并逐个把材料内容显露出来，每显露出一个材料，让儿童回忆出下面紧接着的内容。 具体训练题举例: 1. 成人找出一些图片，先把图形用纸片遮住，然后按从上到下的顺序一个个显露出来让儿童识记。给儿童看3遍后，把图遮上，然后每露出一个，让儿童说出下面的一个是什么。 2. 成人让儿童看下列方框中的数字1分钟，然后遮上数字，并按从左到右的顺序把数字显露出来，每显露1个数字，让儿童说出它右边的数字,如果儿童第一遍完成不好可重做,。 1 3 8 2 5 9 0 12 4 7 10 15 17 20 ,三, 插入训练法:这种训练法的做法是:先让儿童识记一些材料，识记完后不马上让儿童回忆，而是接着让儿童做一些其他的事情，然后再让儿童回忆前面识记过的内容。 ,四, 数字训练法:这种训练法的目的是，通过让儿童记忆大量的数字，达到 发展记忆能力的目的。前面谈到过数字是最难记忆的材料，因而也是一种最好的训练记忆能力的材料。 ,五, 频度训练法:这种训练法的做法是，反复向儿童出示一些材料，其中有一部分材料出现多次，让儿童记住这些材料出现的次数。 具体训练题举例:家长准备7种动物的图片，如:兔子、狗、马、猴子、大象、长颈鹿、羊。然后按下列顺序呈现给儿童看，每个图片一秒钟。然后让儿童说出，兔子和大象的图片出现过几次。如儿童完成不好，可重复一次。兔子、猴子、长颈鹿、兔子、大象、羊、狗、马、猴子、大象、兔子、猴子、大象、长颈鹿。 家长依次把下列数字念给儿童听，每秒钟念一个。念完后，让儿童说出5，6，这两个数字各念了几遍。如果儿童完成不好，可重复一次。5-4-3-6-8-5-8-5-2-9-6-1- 5-2-7 儿童注意力训练(下) 第五阶段:多种能力协同训练阶段 ,一, 找规律训练法:找规律训练法是一种训练儿童发现事物之间的规律，并灵活运用这种规律的方法。具体做法是:让儿童观察一些材料，使儿童通过这些材料的前后顺序关系，找出其中的规律。 ,二, 找关系训练法:找关系训练法是一种通过让儿童找出两种事物之间的关系，训练儿童的比较、概括和综合能力的方法。 具体训练题举例: 1. 成人把下列句子念给儿童听，让儿童回答问题: 太阳与白天的关系，就如同月亮与什么的关系, 2. 爷爷与爸爸的关系，就如同爸爸与谁的关系, 农民与农田的关系，就如同工 人与什么的关系, ,三, 找同类训练法:找同类训练是一种通过让儿童寻找一些词之间的关系和理解它们的含义，从而达到训练儿童抽象能力和判断能力的方法。 具体训练题举例:成人把下列5个词念给儿童听，让儿童找出哪个词与其他4个词不属于同类。 椅子 桌子 凳子 沙发 躺椅 ,四, 创造能力训练法:创造能力训练法是通过让儿童学习一些简单的创造技法，从而提高儿童创造能力，培养儿童创造意识的训练方法。 具体训练题举例:成人把下面的例题念给儿童听，让儿童想出一些类似的，把几个物品组合起来，以达到创造出一个新的物品的目的。 1. 人们把汽车和船的特性组合起来，制造出了水陆两用汽车，这种汽车既能在水里航行，又能在公路上行驶。 2. 直升飞机能街垂直起飞，但是速度没有喷气式飞机快，人们把直升飞机和喷气式飞机组合起来，制造出了既能垂直起飞，起飞后又能变成喷气式飞机的两用机。 注:家长要指导儿童怎样去把物品组合起来，使儿童明白组合的原理是要把原来物品的优点结合在一起，而不是盲目地乱组合。 3. 成人把下面的例句念给儿童听，然后让儿童说出“小刀”除了用来削东西外，还有什么用, 4. 以上是最常用的一些训练创造能力的方法，家长要引导儿童开动脑筋，从各方面想问题，说出“小刀”的用途越多越好。 A. 例句:杯子除了能用来喝水外，还有以下的用途—— ?用来养小鱼。? 用于去商店买盐、油等。? 用来煮食物。? 用来插花。? 倒 过来用于插蜡烛。 ,五, 逻辑推理训练法:逻辑推理训练法是一种通过让儿童掌握各种逻辑推理方法，学会归纳和概括的能力，从而训练儿童逻辑推理能力的方法。 具体训练题举例: 1. 成人先把第一组逻辑推理念给儿童听，让儿童判断推理等是否正确，然后再让儿童推理出第二组逻辑推理题的结论。 A. 第一组:? 所有的生物都会死去。? 狗是生物。? 所以狗会死去。 B. 第二组:? 所有的桂花都在八月开花。? 现在公园的桂花都开了。? 所以…… 2. 家长先把第一组逻辑推理题念给儿童听，让儿童判断推理的结果是否正确，然后再让儿童推理出第二组逻辑推理题的结论。 A. 第一组:? 苹果、梨、香蕉、西瓜都是水果。? 苹果是水果。? 梨也是水果。? 香蕉、西瓜也都是水果。 B. 第二组:? 汽车、火车、飞机、轮船都是交通工具。? 汽车是交通工具。? 火车也是交通工具。? …… ,六, 字词练习法:利用简单的字词，训练自己的文字流畅，例如列出与“流”字同部首、同音、同韵的字。列得越多越好，当你想不出来时，翻翻字典，你会发觉还有好多的字是你会的，但却没想出来,这时问自己“为什么,”经过练习几次后，必会文思泉涌，思考比较流畅。 1. “文字接龙”也是很有趣的字词练习法，比如由“下班”的“班”接“班长”，然后由“长”接“长高”，如此接下去越长越流畅。长高?高兴?兴奋?奋斗?斗士?士林?林口?口粮?粮食?…… 2. “叠字词”是利用字词重叠，如“妈妈”“家家”或只叠上面一个字，如“绿 油油”、“冷清清”……也可以想出一些上下都重叠的字，如“明明白白”、“劈劈啪啪”……让你想到一些“叠字词”，把握时间尽量多列。 3. “字头、字尾”也是训练文字流畅的方法，例如“冒险”?“冒充”?“冒泡”……这是字头词,而“冒险”?“危险”?“好险”?……则是“字尾词”。 4. 字词练习还有很多方式，如“同义、反义字词”，“成语接龙”，“字词比拟”，提出一个字词来自由比拟，如“童年”像一张张白纸，像一棵小树，像……字尾词的训练同样有相同作用。例如“鲜红”?“紫红”?“粉红”?“淡红”…… ,七, 变通力训练 1. 题目:轮船快沉没了，哪些东西可以救你一命 要求:举出四件物品分，十件100分。 注:当然是可以浮的物品，或是有运输工具载你离开。首先不妨从能浮的物品做思考，在船上有哪些是木板制的物品，且越宽大越好,能浮在水面的任何物品，还有哪些材料可提供你浮在海面上的需求,想出该物品后，再引伸出以该物品制成的成品，然后试着使用蜘蛛网式思考看看。 2. 题目:从顶楼到一楼有几种方法下楼, 要求:举出五种方法60分，十一种100分。 注:如果你想到楼梯、电梯、电扶梯、跳楼……答案，这些都很正确，但未免也太“落伍”了，在创意的领域内，这几个答案并不能给分，因为这是不靠“努力”得到的。 善用大楼建材或房间设备，应该会给你一点启示，或是利用现有的交通工具,甚至也可以从玩具、卡通里找寻灵感，只要能下楼，不要担心想的答案太荒谬，而怕别人笑。 3. 题目:太阳是什么, 要求:说出八个句子60分，十六个100分。 如果太阳是燃烧的球，它像什么,如果天空是一块白板，太阳在白板上是什么,如果把太阳的缓慢移动加以想象，它是什么,如果天空是一片薄而发亮的纸板，在天空这块大板上，它是什么, 不同的思考方向，促使新颖多样的创意产生，这不是直线式思考所能做到的。 拿十个塑胶袋，组合成一件独特的视觉造形。 单单一个塑胶袋就可以摆出很多形状，这种“可塑性”相当大的物品提供我们广大的想象空间,把塑胶袋吹满气，就鼓得像个气球,稍微放出一些气，所产生的“皱纹”别具风味,放光了气，压平后像纸一般,拿刀割成一条条的，可粘连也可分列,甚至用火烧它，扭曲得不成“物”样。十个更有得瞧了，除了上述几个方法外，还有什么妙招吗, (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.