眼球结晶体手术劝解

眼球结晶体手术劝解 近视眼激光手术 目录 激光手术简介 适应症 激光术前检查 激光术前注意事项 激光手术过程 激光术后保养 近视眼激光手术常见误区 激光手术特点 激光手术简介 适应症 激光术前检查 激光术前注意事项 激光手术过程 激光术后保养 近视眼激光手术常见误区 激光手术特点 , VISX激光设备 展开 编辑本段激光手术简介 激光近视矫治手术自诞生之日起，便成为时尚人物的宠儿。现在，我国每年有近90万的近视患者通过准分子激光一劳永逸地摘掉眼镜，治疗后不但可达到参军、就业、升学、考公务员对视力的要求，而且焕发新形象、获得新感觉。 激光治疗近视眼手术经过近二十年的发展已经达到了相当高的水平，全球上千万近视眼患者通过准分子激光手术摘掉了眼镜，此项技术经历了PRK、IK、EK、TK四个发展阶段。 一:PRK--开拓期 1983年发明了准分子激光治疗设备，1985年应用于临床治疗近视，使得治疗近视的安全性和精确性有大幅度的提高，PRK多应用于治疗700度以for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 下中低度近视的病人，缺点是手术后几天内会有疼痛感。，但由于破坏了角膜的正常解剖结构，术后可出现角膜浑浊、眩光和屈光回退等并发症。 二:LASIK--普及期 首例LASIK(简称IK，准分子激光角膜切削术)手术于1997在我国成功开展，LASIK手术是在PRK的基础上发展起来的，该手术避免了PRK手术后的角膜上皮过度增生和角膜雾状混浊现象，以其适应范围更广、效果更加稳定而受到广大近视患者的青睐。LASIK是一种透过雷射改变眼角膜的弧度，以改善视力的准分子激光近视手术。LASIK手术由眼科医生施行，被认为是比其他同类手术如PRK更适合一般病人，相比同类手术，LASIK所需的复原时间较短，病人所感受的痛楚亦较少。LASIK可治疗近视、远视、散光等屈光不正，最高可矫正的度数受制于患者的角膜厚度，一般最高可矫正的近视度数达-12D(1200度)。 三:LASEK--提升期 LASEK(简称EK，准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术)是针对不能通过LASIK手术进行矫治的较薄角膜、高度、超高度近视患者的一种全新新激光治疗近视手术，手术后对于超高度数的患者可以解决像差、眩光问题，安全性也提高了。LASEK是解决高度和超高度近视、角膜厚度不足患者有效的屈光手术方法，术后屈光度波动极少、屈光回退最少。 四:TK--高安全期 TK手术是LASIK技术的最新进展，是根据患者眼球的各项屈光数而“量身定做”设计出来的最佳。它不但考虑患者的远视、近视度数，更重要的是根据每一个患者具体的角膜地形情况、像差情况，进行个体化的综合治疗，使得手术后视力有可能达到或接近人正常视力的极限。 编辑本段适应症 1、年满18岁以上，有健康心理状态，有摘掉眼镜的愿望，并且能承受准分子手术失败的风险(但实际上准分子手术失败的几率几乎为0); 2、经过医生检查，眼部各项指标符合手术要求，即眼部没有疾病和炎症等; 3、如果配戴隐形眼镜，软性镜应摘去2周，硬性镜应摘去4周以上(可以换戴框架眼镜，才能做手术前检查); 4、如果是第二次做准分子手术，LASIK要间隔3,6个月，PRK要间隔1年，穿透性角膜移植手术后有远、近视和散光的，也要间隔1年以上; 5、最近两年近视度数比较稳定，每年加深不超过50度可做准分子手术; [1] 6、全身没有准分子手术限制的疾病，如心血管疾病等。 编辑本段激光术前检查 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 初诊前咨询让患者对屈光手术方法和治疗过程有一定的了解，并同时为患者解答疑问和消除顾虑，使得患者能更好地配合医生进行检查和治疗。初诊检查是对患者眼睛和身体健康状况的检测和了解，以便决定是否适合屈光激光手术。 患者必须准确填写病史调查表，让医生充分了解您的身体条件。初诊检查完后，可以大致确定你是否适合接受激光手术治疗，对于手术的预期效果也有一个大体的概念。如果符合条件，我们的医生会根据您的检查结果和其他情况，推荐不同手术方法，并预约相应的复诊检查项目和时间。同时，您必须缴纳一定的检查费用以保证下次检查顺利进行。 初诊检查项目:视力、屈光、眼底(扩瞳)、眼压、了解病员病史、电脑验光、角膜地形图、角膜厚度及手术必须的其他相应检查等 患者可按医嘱和初诊后的不同预约时间在相应的专家处复诊。复诊是术前对患者的眼睛作进一步的检查，精确测量眼睛的生理结构和屈光参数，了解患者的工作和生活情况，以便手术专家为患者确定最适合您的手术方法和制定最佳的手术方案，确保手术质量。 编辑本段激光术前注意事项 [2] 1.如果您带隐形眼镜，在检查前需要停戴隐形眼镜，软镜至少为1-2星期，硬镜至少为2-3星期，停戴时间越长越好。 2.注意眼部的保健，练习注视一点不动，每次持续时间在2分钟以上。 3.近视手术前三天内请勿用任何化妆品和香水。 4.手术前需要安排手术陪同，以便术后护送。 编辑本段激光手术过程 准分子手术图示 [3] 近视眼是由于眼球的前后径太长或者眼球前表面太凸，外界光线不能准确会聚在眼底所致。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 准分子激光是一种人眼看不见的波长仅193纳米的紫外线光束，其特性为光子能量大，波长极短，对组织的穿透力极弱，不会穿入眼内，仅被组织表面吸收，对周围组织无损或损伤极微，准分子激光角膜屈光治疗技术(LASIK技术)，是用一种特殊的极其精密的微型角膜板层切割系统(简称角膜刀)将角膜表层组织制作成一个带蒂的角膜瓣，翻转角膜瓣后，在计算机控制下，用准分子激光对瓣下的角膜基质层拟去除的部分组织予以精确气化，然后于瓣下冲洗并将角膜瓣复位，以此改变角膜前表面的形态，调整角膜的屈光力，使外界光线能够准确地在眼底会聚成象，达到矫正近视的目的。 编辑本段激光术后保养 激光术后早期眼部常见问题 手术当天您可能会出现流泪、畏光、眼内异物感等症状，此时应待眼泪流出后再擦眼泪，千万不要用纸巾或毛巾直接接触眼球。同时应尽量闭目休息，减少眼球转动、禁止揉眼。极少数患者术后可能会感到轻微眼痛或出现眼结膜下出血(白眼球上片状出血)，这是术后的正常现象，其轻重度和时间长短因人而异，大多数患者眼部不适1天内即可缓解，如疼痛明显可服用消炎止痛片。结膜下出血一般2-3周即可自然吸收消散，不会影响视力恢复，请您不必担忧。 激光手术后注意事项 1、重视用药定期随访 一个成功的准分子激光手术不仅取决于医生高超的手术技术，还和术后规则的用药和随访分不开。准分子激光术后用药特别重要，应该遵照医生的指导使用，不可以因为自我感觉良好而随意停药或滥用，同时应定期到医院随访，否则可导致准分子手术后遗症的出现。曾经有一位大学生，手术非常成功，术后1周复查双眼视力均达1。5，但之后他再也没来检查，2个月后因视力急剧下降来复诊，检查发现视力为0。4，眼压达35mmHg。追问病史，原来他一直用激素眼药水，自认为视力已正常而不到医院检查眼压，到出现了视力下降才引起重视，虽经积极治疗眼压恢复正常，但他的视力只能恢复到0。8。准分子激光手术后通常要用激素眼药水1,2个月，目的是为了促进术后的恢复和防止近视回退。而激素眼药水具有升高眼压，导致激素性青光眼的可能，因此准分子激光手术后用药期间一定要定期到医院复查，尤其要随访眼压。另外，对于LASIK手术者，由于角膜瓣的存在，术后应避免外力碰撞术眼，以免导致角膜瓣移位严重的后果。 2、高度近视仍需当心 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 近视患者由于眼轴变长多伴有眼底的病变，尤其高度近视患者，表现为周边视网膜变薄，萎缩变性，一旦出现视网膜裂孔，就有可能导致视网膜脱离。视网膜脱离是近视眼导致失明较常见的眼病，应引起近视眼患者特别重视。准分子激光虽然使视力恢复了正常，但它并不能改变近视对眼睛已经造成的改变。因此对于术后视力正常的近视眼者，依然要像对待近视眼一样爱护自己的眼睛，高度近视患者在准分子术后的注意事项有:应注意避免打篮球等剧烈运动及强体力劳动。当头部受到震动或做重体力劳动、剧烈运动时，视网膜会受到牵拉而发生裂孔，造成视网膜脱离，视网膜脱离的初期一般表现为眼前有闪电样光带出现，飞蚊黑点大量增加，或视野产生暗影逐渐扩大，一旦出现以上症状，应引起高度重视，须立即到医院诊治，不可拖延。若等到视力明显下降再就诊，则治疗的效果较差。 3、依然注意用眼卫生 虽然进行准分子激光手术者基本是18岁以上的成年人，一般传统观点认为成年人的视力比较稳定，不容易进一步下降，但实际情况并非如此。中华民族是一个近视高发民族，全国约有近4亿近视患者，而且还在逐年增加，20岁以后近视还在增加的人并不在少数，这主要是和现代社会电脑的普及、工作压力的增大有关，超常时间近距离的工作仍然可导致近视进一步加深。因此对于以近距离工作为主的人来说，准分子激光术后仍然要注意保护好眼睛。准分子激光手术后1,2月内，多数人看近都较吃力，此时应减少近距离用眼时间，不仅可避免眼部疲劳酸痛等不适，而且有利于眼睛的恢复。对于视力已完全恢复正常者，仍然要注意用眼卫生，尤其长时间看电脑和伏案近距离工作者，用眼1小时后一定要休息片刻，可以做眼保健操放松眼球，或眺望远处，给眼睛以适当的休息，避免过度用眼导致准分子手术后遗症的出现。 编辑本段近视眼激光手术常见误区 由于相关知识的不足，人们对近视眼激光手术的认识普遍存在以下误[4]区。 误区一:做激光手术没有年龄限制 误区二:任何度数都能做激光手术 误区三:激光手术不一定安全 误区四:只能治疗近视不能治疗散光 误区五:手术后近视还会“反弹” 编辑本段激光手术特点 1、准确性高 精密计算机及雷射仪器控制矫正度数，一般误差约在?50度以内。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 2、安全性高 仅在角膜前部间质手术，无角膜外皮及内皮细胞伤害，手术后角膜无结疤组织遗留，角膜混浊的机率小。 3、稳定性高 术后角膜间质愈合快速，术后度数变动轻微，稳定性良好。 4、手术时间短 仅需眼部点药局部麻醉，角膜瓣切开手术过程，约需10秒/单眼;雷射矫正度数约需30秒/单眼(依矫正度数之程度而异)，术后视力即刻改善并可返家。 5、舒适性高 术后无角膜上皮细胞缺损及角膜炎等疼痛及畏光之不适症状。 享受尖端科技的成果 VISX准分子雷射结合了最精良的计算机程序，能够依个别患者准确地控制雷射矫正视力。矫正范围更涵盖近视、散光及远视。多年来，全球已有数百万人，因接受准分子雷射矫正术而获得清晰的视力。 6、手术效果 根据美国及加拿大医学中心之研究显示，施行LASIK手术之结果令手术医师非常兴奋，因为不仅术后度数在?50度以内者可达到98,，而且几乎根除了PRK术后所产生的角膜混浊及夜间眩光的现象。 缺点 1、并非所有人都适合进行准分子激光手术，在决定手术之前一定要进行全面的检查，若角膜过薄则不适合准分子激光手术。 2、价格相对框架眼镜和隐性眼睛偏高 编辑本段VISX激光设备 美国威视(VISX) [5] VISX简介 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 美国威视(VISXSTARS4)[2]美国威视(VISX)是被全球眼科医生看好并推崇的准分子激光矫治世界第一品牌。拥有准分子激光领域170多项世界专利技术，其中独有的波前像差个体化矫正技术和眼球三维主动跟踪技术，8mm大光学治疗，使手术的准确程度达到100%。相比同类设备如雷赛、爱丽丝、鹰视、尼德克、博士伦等品牌，其安全性和精确性在同行业设备中处于无可比拟的霸主地位。 VISXSTARS4是由美国最大的准分子公司(VISX公司)最新研发的准分子激光设备，代表了目前世界最先进的准分子激光技术。 VISX技术优势 VISX的先进技术优势，安全第一: 1、智慧型大小光斑(VSS)让手术更精确、更安全: (1)光斑大小:与采取固定光斑的激光系统不同的是，VISX激光系统能产生从0。65mm—6。5mm大小直径的光斑，能快速而有效地完成角膜切削，是目前所有准分子激光中光斑最小的。 (2)更大的切削范围:系统可在不显著增加切削时间和深度的情况下，增加51%的切削范围，提供了达到8mm之间的光学区灵活的治疗范围，并且提供达到9mm的混合治疗区，减少角膜组织的切削深度，减小治疗时间，使手术更精确，更安全; 2、七道光束阵列创造最平滑的角膜切削面: (1)由七道旋转小光斑组成，以旋转及改变光束的方式，使每一脉冲产生均匀的能量，使术后角膜切削面达到最大程度的平滑。 (2)七道光束阵列光斑能对角膜进行更灵活的治疗，与固定光斑的激光系统相比，使手术更加快速而高效。 3、三维主动追踪技术，极大加强了手术的精确性和安全性: (1)3—D主动眼追踪。 (2)ActiveTrak,60HZ追踪器可以捕捉全部的眼球移动。 (3)唯一可以对眼球XYZ轴运动进行追踪并随之调整激光的技术。 (4)自动中心定位追踪系统:中心定位，将治疗的中心同瞳孔的中心相一致，使眼球追踪更精确，也可以应用于手动追踪。 (5)增加安全性。 (6)当患者的眼球在任何位置偏离固定中心的1。5mm，激光将自动暂停，直到眼球恢复到可接受的范围之内，才会恢复治疗。 (7)每次激光脉冲之前最少进行6次眼球定位和速度测量。 (8)实时的网格线覆盖在眼球上不断提供实时的眼球动态信息，以便让你检测治疗的过程和眼球的位置。 4、VISXSTARS4眼追踪器: (1)追踪器由医生自己控制。 (2)激光、十字网环及瞳孔指示器。 for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet 5、VISXSTARS4最大程度减少术后的主要影响视觉质量因素，重影，光 晕，视力模糊，夜间开车视力困难/眩光; 参考资料 , 1 近视眼激光手术的适应人群 , 2 近视激光手术前注意事项 , 3 准分子手术图示 , 4 近视眼手术常见误区 , 5 闽南地区唯一一台美国威视(VISX STAR S4) for computer software engineering GB/T50314-2000 of electrical installations code for construction and acceptance of GBJ232- 92 intelligent building weak design construction figure set GJBT-471 2. system description this times engineering weak design including: hours a Kok information facilities system integrated wiring system (containing room network, communications part) wired TV system information guide and the released system hours II Kok public security system fire automatically alarm system (containing public broadcast part) security technology prevention system security monitoring system out entrance control system car library management system hours three Kok building equipment monitoring system hours four Kok information application system queued station ICU visitation system operation the system monitoring and training system call intercom system hours, five hours Kok Kok intelligent integrated system of information system (1) cabling systems (including computer room network, communication component) computer network systems and voice communications systems Center of information on medical floor computer room located in the engine room. Voice communication system using a local telecommunications operator providing voice service, configuration-independent integrated services digital program-controlled switchboards. Operators providing communications ... If any compatibility requirements, by way of increased access to the Communications Board within the chassis to meet