Statue of Liberty自由女神像

Statue of Liberty自由女神像 The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, designed by Frédéric Bartholdi and dedicated on October 28, 1886. The statue, a gift to the United States from the people of France, is of a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom, who bears a torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet evoking the law) upon which is inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue has become an icon of freedom and of the United States. Bartholdi was inspired by French law professor and politician Édouard René de Laboulaye, who commented in 1865 that any monument raised to American independence would properly be a joint project of the French and American peoples. Due to the troubled political situation in France, work on the statue did not commence until the early 1870s. In 1875, Laboulaye proposed that the French finance the statue and the Americans provide the pedestal and the site. Bartholdi completed the head and the torch-bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces were exhibited for publicity at international expositions. The arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in 1876 and in New York's Madison Square Park from 1876 to 1882. Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened due to lack of funds. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer of the World started a drive for donations to complete the project that attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was constructed in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland. The statue was administered by the United States Lighthouse Board until 1901 and then by the Department of War; since 1933 it has been maintained by the National Park Service. The statue was closed for renovation for much of 1938. In the early 1980s, it was found to have deteriorated to such an extent that a major restoration was required. While the statue was closed from 1984 to 1986, the torch and a large part of the internal structure were replaced. After the September 11 attacks in 2001, it was closed for reasons of safety and security; the pedestal reopened in 2004 and the statue in 2009, with limits on the number of visitors allowed to ascend to the crown. The statue, including the pedestal and base, closed beginning on October 29, 2011 for up to a year so that a secondary staircase and other safety features can be installed; Liberty Island remains open. Public access to the balcony surrounding the torch has been barred for safety reasons since 1916. 自由女神像 自由女神像（自由照耀世界;法国：LA LIBERTEéclairant“世界报”），是一个巨大的新古典主义雕塑在纽约港自由岛，由弗雷德里克·巴托尔迪设计，于1886年10月28日，致力于。雕像，由法国人民送给美国的礼物，是一个穿长袍的女性代表Libertas图，题写的自由，谁承担火炬的的tabula ansata（片剂，唤起法律）的罗马女神迄今为止，美国，1776年7月4日独立宣言“。一个的断链在于在她的脚。这座雕像已经成为一个自由和美国的图标。 巴托尔迪的灵感来自于法国的法学教授和政治家爱德华·勒内·德的Laboulaye，谁在1865年评论说，美国独立提出任何纪念碑将是法国和美国人民的联合项目。由于在法国的政治局势的困扰，雕像上的工作没有开始，直到19世纪70年代初。 1875年，Laboulaye建议，法国金融雕像和美国人提供底座和网站。巴托尔迪完成的头部和火炬轴承手臂雕像前充分设计，宣传国际博览会展出这些作品。手臂被显示在1876年，在纽约的麦迪逊广场公园从1876年到1882年，在百年博览会。证明筹款困难，尤其是美国人，1885年底座上的工作受到威胁，由于缺乏资金。出版商约瑟夫·普利策的世界开始了捐款的驱动器完成的项目，吸引了超过120,000贡献者，其中大部分是给了不到一美元。雕像建造在法国，在包装箱海外运，组装完成什么，然后称为Bedloe岛基座上。雕像的落成，标志着纽约的第一个股票磁带游行，格罗弗·克利夫兰总统主持奉献典礼。 这座雕像由美国灯塔局管理，直到1901年，然后由陆军部，自1933年以来，它一直保持由国家公园服务。 1938年的大部分时间装修的雕像被关闭。在20世纪80年代初，它被发现已恶化到这样的程度，主要恢复需要。虽然从1984年到1986年的雕像被关闭，火炬和内部结构的很大一部分被替换。在2001年9月11日袭击后，它被关闭的安全和保安原因;底座允许提升到冠的游客数量上的限制，在2004年和雕像在200​​9年重新开放。雕像，包括底座和底座，收于2011年10月29日，长达一年的开始，使次要的楼梯和其他安全功能，可以安装;自由女神岛仍然开放。出于安全原因，自1916年以来，已禁止公众获取的阳台，周围的火炬。