如何写高水平论文

nullOn the Road to the Naissance of a Good Technical Papers (in CS & EEE)On the Road to the Naissance of a Good Technical Papers (in CS & EEE)Shujun Li Institute of Image Processing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, China March, 20020. Questions in Naissance of a Technical Paper0. Questions in Naissance of a Technical PaperSelect one research area Read related textbooks and review papers – How to Find Them and Get Fulltexts? Focus interests on some specific topics Re-read review papers and search more review and original papers to read – How to Find Them and Get Fulltexts? How to Estimate the Significance of the found Papers? Develop your own ideas, theoretically prove them (if necessary) and test them by enough experiments Write manuscripts with some word processor – How to Write Beautiful Compuscripts?Questions in Naissance of a Technical PaperQuestions in Naissance of a Technical PaperSubmit manuscripts to international conferences or journals – How to Seek Instructions for Authors and Call-for-Papers? How to Avoid Ethical Problems? Papers are accepted or rejected – How to Understand Review Procedure and Returned Results? (Maybe) Re-submit rejected (or accepted?) papers for further publications – How to Avoid Ethical Problems? Papers are published – How to Estimate the Significance of Your Published Papers? Continue to research, write sequent papers and submit them for publication – How to Avoid Ethical Problems? (How to Re-Use Your Own Words?) Content with “How to” Content with “How to”How to Know Technical Papers? How to Get Fulltext of Technical Papers? How to Seek Instructions for Authors of Journals and Call-for-Paper Notices? How to Estimate Journals & Technical Papers? How to Write Well-Written and Well-Typesetted Compuscripts in English/Chinese? How to Avoid Ethical Problems in Research? How to Understand Review Procedure and Returned Results?1. How to Know Technical Papers?1. How to Know Technical Papers?Well-known indexing products, such as EI – Engineering Index, SCIE – Science Citation Index (SCI) Expanded, etc. The search engines provided with the fulltext databases by publishers, such as the one contained in IEL – IEEE/IEE Electronic Library and Elsevier ScienceDirect, etc. The search engines freely provided by some research institutes and researchers, such as NEC ResearchIndex, etc.How to Know Technical Papers?How to Know Technical Papers?The online bibliography databases for specific research areas, such as The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies, CompuScience WWW-Database and DBLP Computer Science Bibliography. Citation information: a) references list of obtained papers; b) citation information of some indexing products, such as SCIE and NEC ResearchIndex. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindSearch EI and SCIE using related keywords, please note EI can merge similar keywords, such as “chaos” and “chaotic”, but SCIE cannot. Select limited important papers, check their citation trees in SCIE to find more papers. Search IEL with related keywords to find more newly published IEEE conference papers. Search NEC ResearchIndex to see the significance of EI-indexed conference papers. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindTo make your research more effective, it is strongly recommended that you go to know enough background information about well-known indexing products, creditable research organizations and technical publishers, high-quality journals/international conferences. We briefly introduce some knowledge about indexing products here, and about publishers and organizations here. 2. How to Get Fulltexts of Technical Papers?2. How to Get Fulltexts of Technical Papers?Find the papers in the electronic fulltexts databases available in xjtu, which include IEL, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Kluwer Online, NEC ResearchIndex, IEICE Trans. Series.   Rush into lib.xjtu and seek them.  Rush into other libraries in Xi’an, such as the ones of 西电 and 西工大, and seek them.  Rush into 情报咨询室 of lib.xjtu and request for 文献传递, but the fee is not cheap and you have to wait for several weeks.  How to Get Fulltexts of Technical Papers?How to Get Fulltexts of Technical Papers?Rush into some libraries in other cities, such as National Library of China or Libarary of Tsing Hua Univ.  Let others abroad (HK, Singapore, USA or UK, etc.) to help you: a)  seek them in electronic fulltexts databases available in their schools; b)   rush into their libraries. To know whether or not your papers are hold in those libraries, visit their home pages for confirmation. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindGenerally, many researchers will place their electronic versions of their published papers on their personal home page. We can use google to find them. Try to find the contact information of the authors, then directly contact them to request electronic or printed papers. I have got many papers through the above two perfect ways. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindIn addition, there still exist many online resources containing electronic papers, books and course lectures etc. We can discover those resources by search related keywords in google. I have found some valuable ones in cryptology: Counterpane Labs Crypto Bibliography, Crypto-Log, Cryptology pointers, The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies, Unified Computer Science TR(Technical Reports) Index, Handbook of Applied Cryptography (Fulltext of a good book). Some useful information Some useful informationMost universities in HK and NUS have bought the following online databases (part or full): Academic Press, Elsevier ScienceDirect, The ACM Digital Library, Springer LINK, Kluwer Online, Wiley InterScience, World Scientific WorldSciNet, OSA Optics InfoBase, APS Journals, AIP OJPS, OUP Journals, CUP Journals, SIAM Journals, AMS Journals, The Royal Society Journals, Emerald Journals, JSTOR, ingenta, CatchWorld.   (For introduction of the above fulltext databases, click here) Some useful information Some useful informationTisnghua Univ. has bought the following online databases (not bought by xjtu): JSTOR, Academic Press, OUP Journals, CUP Journals, APS Journals, Wiley InterScience, World Scientific WorldSciNet, Springer LINK “Lecture Notes xxx” Series   The library of Tsinghua Univ. and 兵器工业总公司21研究所(in Beijing) hold almost all volumes of Proceedings of SPIE.  The libraries of 西电 and 西工大 have some paper-version journals that cannot found in lib.xjtu, such as J. Cryptology, Designs, Codes and Cryptography, Int. J. Bifurcation & Chaos, Signal Processing: Image Communication.  Some Creditable Research Organizations Some Creditable Research OrganizationsIEEE (USA) & IEE (UK)  IEEE Societies and Councils: Computer , Signal Processing, Communications, Information Technology, Engineering in Medicine and Biology, Circuits and Systems, Consumer Electronics, Vehicular Technology, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Neural Networks, Systems, Man, and Cybernetics ACM – The Association for Computing Machinery (USA)  Some Creditable Research Organizations Some Creditable Research OrganizationsIFIP – International Federation of Information Processing (Austria) IEICE (Japan) – The Institute of Electronics, Information & Communication Engineers  SPIE – The International Society for Optical Engineering  IACR – International Association for Cryptologic Research IASTED – The International Association of Science and Technology for Development Some Creditable Research Organizations Some Creditable Research OrganizationsISOC – Internet Society APS – American Physics Society(US)  AIP – American Institute of Physics (US)  IoP – Institute of Physics (UK)  SIAM – Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (US)  AMS – American Mathematics Society  The Royal Society (UK)  Some Creditable Technical Publishers Some Creditable Technical PublishersIEEE (US) & IEE (UK): IEL  Elsevier Science (The Netherlands): EI Inc.’s mother company  ScienceDirect, mirror  KAP – Kluwer Academic Publishers (The Netherlands): Kulwer Online, mirror  ACM – The Association for Computing Machinery (US): The ACM Digital Library Springer (Germany): Springer LINK AP – Academic Press: IDEAL Library John, Wiley & Sons Inc.: Wiley InterScience Some Creditable Technical Publishers Some Creditable Technical PublishersWorld Scientific: WorldSciNet AIP – American Institute of Physics: AIP OJPS SPIE : Journals contained in AIP OJPS APS – American Physics Society: Online journals. IoP – Institute of Physics (UK)  OSA – Optical Society of American: Optical InfoBase Oxford University Press (UK): OUP Online Journals Some Creditable Technical Publishers Some Creditable Technical PublishersSIAM – Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (US): Online Journals AMS – American Mathematics Society: AMS Journals Program The Royal Society (UK): Online Publications Blackwell Publishers (UK): online journals contained in ingenta Cambridge University Press (UK): CJO – Cambridge Journals Online Emerald (UK): Online Journals Fulltext Some Online Databases for Technical Journals Some Online Databases for Technical JournalsJSTOR – Journals STORage: a scholarly journal archive (with PDF-format papers) ingenta: a center of online technical journals SwetsnetNavigator (The Netherlands): another center of online technical journals CatchWorld: Similar to the above two M/E/O/S: similar to the above two ARL DSEJ – ARL (Association of Research Libraries, US) Directory of Scholarly Electronic Journals and Academic Discussion Lists arXiv.net e-Print archive: Physics / Mathematics / Nonlinear / Computer Science.3. How to Seek Instructions for Authors of Journals?3. How to Seek Instructions for Authors of Journals?Generally speaking, one “good” journal must have its home page, where you can find anything what you want about this journal, including instructions for authors. In most cases, the home page of a journal is incorporated in the web site of the publisher. In many cases, the home page of a journal is established by the sponsor or the edit-in-chief. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindMany journals publish special issues. Generally, special issues have deadlines and the call-for-papers can also be found in the home pages of the journals or the sponsors. Essentially, each volume of some journals is published as a “special issue”, or each volume contains papers of “special focus”. Two examples are IEEE ISAC – IEEE J. Selected Areas in Communications, Proceedings of IEEE, and AIP Chaos. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindCompared with Chinese journals, English Journals seem to be much more difficult for most Chinese researchers. But I do not think so. Consider the following facts: a) Nothing is impossible, if you really want to do it; b) If your paper is really good, it should be accepted by some reviewers even after some times rejections – so please submit and submit until you succeed ; c) Once you really enter a research area, you will find it is not so difficult. d) The review periods of many English journals are not so long; e) Even if your paper is rejected, the reviewing results may be very valuable.3’. How to Seek Call-for-Paper of International Conferences?3’. How to Seek Call-for-Paper of International Conferences?Generally speaking, the notice of call-for-paper of a international conference can be found in the web site of the sponsor. For example, all information about IEEE sponsored and co-sponsored conferences can be found at IEEE site. Many international conference series have its own permanent home pages, such as IEEE Int. Conf. on Consumer Electronics, IEEE Computer Security Foundations Workshop, International Conference on Software Engineering, etc.How to Seek Call-for-Paper of International Conferences?How to Seek Call-for-Paper of International Conferences?There are many online search engines and web pages providing rich information about forthcoming international conferences and workshops. Generally, research organizations, institutes, researchers, related companies (such as RSA Security, Inc. in cryptology) all may run such online services. The most famous and important one in CS & EEE is IEEE conference database. We will give a brief list about online conference services later (to the best of my knowledge).How to Seek Call-for-Paper of International Conferences?How to Seek Call-for-Paper of International Conferences?The publishers of forthcoming proceedings may also provide information about the conferences in their web sites. Generally, many technical journals will publish call-for-papers about conferences related with the journals. Using google to find more call-for-papers of forthcoming conferences, and more useful online services about your research, especially the ones maintained by individual researchers. Questions and Answers – My Opinions Questions and Answers – My OpinionsWhat is the difference between the following words: conference, symposium and workshop? Conceptually, symposium ≈ conference > workshop. Many workshops will become conferences or symposiums after several successes; some conference will organize workshops (also called satellite conferences, such as ICM 2002 – International Congress of Mathematics 2002, Beijing) for some specially selected topics. (to be continued) Questions and Answers – My Opinions Questions and Answers – My OpinionsWhat is the difference between the following words: conference, symposium and workshop? (continued) There are still some other equivalent terms of conference: congress, meeting (SPIE's Annual Meeting), convention (Int. Convention on Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems), colloquium (Int. Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming). When you use keywords to search “conferences” in google, please note the use of different words “conferences”. Questions and Answers – My Opinions Questions and Answers – My OpinionsInternational conferences < journals? It is not always true at any time. Consider the following facts: a) many conference proceedings are published as special issues of journals; b) many conferences adopt strict peer-to-peer review and have low acceptance ratios, such as ACM CCS’99: 0.19, IEEE S&P’98: 0.16; c) major achievements in some areas are reported in conferences (not journals); one example is cryptology (LNCS>J. Cryptology). (to be continued) Questions and Answers – My Opinions Questions and Answers – My OpinionsInternational conferences < journals? (continued) d) Many researchers only publish their papers on top “conferences” and top journals, such as many “good” researchers in Computer Science (沈向洋@微软); d’) Many researchers only read “new” conferences proceedings for recent progress in their areas and “old” journals for long-term research. e) Statistics of NEC ResearchIndex shows that top conferences play more positive roles in latest research even than top journals.  Questions and Answers – My Opinions Questions and Answers – My OpinionsHow to judge the significance of an international conferences? The following facts are conceptually right: a) “conferences” with lower acceptance are better, such as SIGRAPH>ICCV; b) “conferences” (not workshop!) that accept less papers are generally better, such as ICCV>CVPR>ICIP; c) peer-to-peer review >> committee review >> abstract review, such as LNCS>IEEE>SPIE (not every!); (to be continued) Questions and Answers – My Opinions Questions and Answers – My OpinionsHow to judge the significance of an international conferences? (continued) d) If a conference is ranked by NEC ResearchIndex, the higher the score is, the more significant the conference MAY be; e) de facto viewpoint about a conference, please specially note different criteria exist in different research areas; for example, ICIP is a “good” conference for image/video coding but just a general one for pattern recognition and computer vision (from 微软). Some Online Conference Services Some Online Conference ServicesIEEE Conference Database Conference Services of IEEE Societies and Councils: the most important and useful one is Computer Society Conference Wire. ACM Conference Calendar IFIP Calendar of Events SPIE Conferences Information IACR Calendar: The 1st List in Cryptology IEEE Cipher Calendar of Security and Privacy Some Online Conference Services Some Online Conference ServicesCalendar from UCL Crypto Group (Belgium) IASTED Conferences IMA Conferences: IMA – Institute of Mathematics & its Applications (UK) sponsors related conferences, such as Cryptography & Coding and Mathematics in series conferences. Springer Notice for Forthcoming LNCS/LANI Proceedings: LNCS – Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; LNAI – Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, sub-series of LNCS.4. How to Estimate the Significance of Journals?4. How to Estimate the Significance of Journals?The significance of a technical journal can be estimated based on the following facts: a) Which indexing products index it, SCI, SCIE or EI? b) If it is reported by JCR, how about its IF – Impact FactorTM, Immediacy IndexTM, its rank and stability? c) If it is contained in PF – Prestige Factor, how about its Prestige FactorTM (or Review FactorTM), Impact-Like Factor, Publishing IndexTM, rank and stability? d) Its acceptance ratio; e) The total number of published papers per year; (to be continued)How to Estimate the Significance of Journals?How to Estimate the Significance of Journals?(continued) f) If it is contained in NEC ResearchIndex, how about its score and rank? g) The sponsor(s) and founder(s). Example: JNSNS – Int. J. Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation founded by Ji-Huan He (何吉欢) at Shanghai Univ., China in 1999; h) de facto significance of this journal, such as J. Cryptology is only indexed by SCIE but it SHOULD be indexed by SCI in my opinion; i) Non-uniformity phenomena, i.e., different papers have different significances in a journal. Some useful information – ISI’s JCR Some useful information – ISI’s JCRAs the top one (and the only one in the past 30 years) product about the estimation of technical journals (and a small number of conference proceedings and book series, such as LNCS / LNCIS / LNM / STMP / TAP, etc.), JCR – Journal Citation Reports provided by ISI Inc. yearly has gained its good reputation. JCR contains many values, in which the most important one about the estimation of a journal is IF – Impact Factor®. Generally, larger IF means more significance. Some useful information – ISI’s JCR Some useful information – ISI’s JCRIF=C/A, where A=the number of papers published in the last two years, C=the cited times of the above papers in the current year. Another useful value is IX – Immediacy Index, which reflects the influence of papers published in current year, and is calculated with the same formula, while A, C both represent the number in the current year. An example: Nature in JCR 2000. IF = (21013 + 30512) /(1016 + 980) ≈ 25.814; IX = 5771/1315 ≈ 4.387. What I suggest and remind What I suggest and remindSome serious defects still exist in JCR: a) Review papers will dramatically and inadequately raise IF and IX of a journal; b) Considering the reviewing and publication procedure, IX can only partially reflect immediacy influence of a journal; c) Self-citations, which is made by the same authors and the same journal, are not eliminated in IF and IX. d) IF/IX (.%3f) is not enough to distinguish middle-degree journals, i.e., many journals have close (even the same) IFs/IXs. Some useful information – Prestige FactorTM Some useful information – Prestige FactorTMNow, the monopolization of ISI Inc. has been history, since a new citation-based product: PF – Prestige FactorTM has emerged, which is specially designed to avoid the defects of JCR: a) More accurate categories; b) Much less price and more flexible packages; c) Review papers are separately dealt as a