论语英译

子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？” 一、子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？” (1.1) 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Is it not a great pleasure to be able to practise frequently what you have learned? Is it not a real delight to have friends come to visit you from afar?"Is it not the mark of a man of honor (君子 junzi) to not take offence when others fail to appreciate your worth?" 华兹生译： The Master said, Studying, and from time to time going over what you've learned——that's enjoyable, isn't it ? To have a friend come from a long way off——that's a pleasure, isn't it? Others don't understand him, but he doesn't resent it——that's the true gentleman, isn't it? 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'Is it not a pleasure, having learned something, to try it out at due intervals? Is it not a joy to have friends come from afar? Is it not gentlemanly not to take offence when others fail to appreciate your abilities?' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distance quarters? Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him? 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "Is it not a pleasure to learn and to repeat or practice from time to time what has been learned? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from afar? Is one not a superior man if he does not feel hurt even though he is not recognized?" 二、子曰：“不患人之不己知，患不知人也。”(1.16) 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Do not worry about not being appreciated by others. Rather, worry about your not being able to appreciate them." 华兹生译： The Master said, Don't worry about whether other people understand you. Worry about whether you understand other people. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'It is not the failure of others to appreciate your abilities that should trouble you, but rather your failure to appreciate theirs.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'I will not be afflicted at men's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "[a good man] does not worry about not being known by others but rather worries about not knowing them." 三、曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”(1.4) 林茂荪译： Master Zeng said, "More than once do I examine myself everyday. Have I done my very best to help others? Have I been faithful to my friends? And have I practiced what my master has taught me?" 华兹生译： Master Zeng said, Each day I examine myself on three matters. In making plans for others, am I being loyal to them? In my dealings with friends, am I being trustworthy? Am I passing on to others what I have not carefully thought about myself? 刘殿爵译： Teng Tzu said, ' Every day I examine myself on three counts. In what I have undertaken on another's behalf, have I failed to do my best? In my dealings with my friends have I failed to be trustworthy in what I say? Have I passed on to others anything that I have not tried out myself?' 理雅各译： The philosopher Tsang said, 'I daily examine myself on three points:—whether, in transacting business for others, I may have been not faithful; —whether, in intercourse with friends, I may have been not sincere;—whether I may have not mastered and practised the instructions of my teacher.' 陈荣捷译： Tseng-Tzu said, "Every day I examine myself on three points: whether in counseling others I have not been loyal; whether in intercourse with my friends I have not been faithful; and whether I have not repeated again and again and practiced the instructions of my teacher." 四、子曰：“吾十有五而有志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”（2.4） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "When I reached 15, I began devoting myself to learning. At 30, I could stand on my own. At 40, my mind was no longer confused. At 50, I knew what Heaven demanded of me. At 60, I was able to distinguish right from wrong in what other people told me. And since 70, I have been able to follow my heart's desire without transgressing the rules." 华兹生译： The Master said, At fifteen I set my mind on learning; by thirty I had found my footing; at forty I was free of perplexities; by fifty I understood the will of Heaven; by sixty I learned to give ear to others; by seventy I could follow my heart's desires without overstepping the line. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'At fifteen I set my heart on learning; at thirty I took my stand; at forty I came to be free from doubts; at fifty I understand the Decree of Heaven; at sixty my ear was atuned; at seventy I followed my heart's desire without overstepping the line.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'At fifteen, I had my mind bent on learning. At thirty, I stood firm. At forty, I had no doubts. At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven. At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the reception of truth. At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired, without transgressing what was right.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "At fifteen my mind was set on learning. At thirty my character had been formed. At forty I had no more perplexities. At fifty I knew the Mandate of Heaven (T'ien Ming). At sixty I was at ease with whatever I heard. At seventy I could follow my heart's desire without transgressing moral principles." 子曰：“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。”（2.14） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "A man of honor associates with many but does not form a clique; the petty-minded man (小人 xiaoren) does the opposite." 华兹生译： The Master said, The gentleman is fair-minded and not partisan. The petty man is partisan and not fair-minded. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The gentleman enters into associations but not cliques; the small man enters into cliques but not associations.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The superior man is catholic and no partizan. The mean man is a partizan and not catholic.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "The superior man is broadminded but not partisan; the inferior man is partisan but not broadminded." 子曰：“君子不器。”（2.12） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "A man of honor should not be a mere utensil1." 华兹生译： The Master said, The gentleman is not a utensil.2 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The gentleman is no vessel.'3 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The accomplished scholar is not a utensil.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "The superior man is not an implement (ch'i)."4 子曰：“君子和而不同，小人同而不和。”（13.23） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "A man of honor seeks harmony without identity of views; a petty-minded man seeks identity but not true harmony." 华兹生译： The Master said, The gentleman acts in harmony with others but does not ape them. The petty man apes others but is not in harmony with them. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The gentleman agrees with others without being an echo. The small man echoes without being in agreement.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The superior man is affable, but not adulatory; the mean man is adulatory, but not affable.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "The superior man is conciliatory but does not identify himself with others; the inferior man identifies with others but is not conciliatory." 子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”(2.15) 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Learning without reflection will end up in confusion; reflection without learning will end up in peril." 华兹生译： The Master said, Learning without thoughts is pointless. Thought without learning is dangerous. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'If one learns from others but does not think, one will be bewildered. If, on the other hand, one thinks but does not learn from others, one will be in peril.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in danger." 子曰：“君子喻于义，小人喻于利。”（4.16） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "The man of honor thinks in terms of righteousness. The petty man in terms of gains." 华兹生译： The Master said, The gentleman is alert to what is right. The petty man is alert to what is profitable. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The gentleman understands what is moral. The small man understands what is profitable.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The mind of the superior man is conversant with righteousness; the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "The superior man understands righteousness (i); the inferior man understands profit." 子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”（2.11） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "He who is able to acquire new ideas while reviewing old knowledge is worthy of being a teacher." 华兹生译： The Master said, Be thoroughly versed in the old, and understand the new——then you can be a teacher. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'A man is worth of being a teacher who gets to know what is new by keeping fresh in his mind what he is already familiar with.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he maybe a teacher of others.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "A man who reviews the old so as to find out the new is qualified to teach others." 子曰：“由！诲女知之乎？知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”（2.17） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Zilu, shall I tell you what the true knowledge is? Say you know when you know, and say you don't know when you don't, that is true knowledge." 华兹生译： The Master said, You (Zilu), shall I teach you what it means to know something? When you know, to know you know. When you don't know, to know you don't know. That's what knowing is. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'Yu, shall I tell you what it is to know. To say you know when you know, and to say you do not when you do not, that is knowledge.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'Yu, shall I teach you what knowledge is? When you know a thing, to hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it;——that is knowledge.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "Yu, shall I teach you [the way to acquire] knowledge? To say that you know when you do know and say that you do not know when you do not know——that is [the way to acquire] knowledge. " 子曰：“知者乐水，仁者乐山。知者动，仁者静。知者乐，仁者寿。”（6.23） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "The wise love the waters, the humane love the mountains. The wise love activity, the humane tranquility. The wise enjoy life, the humane are blessed with longevity." 华兹生译： The Master said, The wise delight in water; the humane delight in mountains. The wise move; the humane are still. The wise are happy; the humane live long. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The wise find joy in water; the benevolent find joy in mountains. The wise are active; the benevolent are still. The wise are joyful; the benevolent are long-lived.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The wise find pleasure in water; the virtuous find pleasure in hills. The wise are active; the virtuous are tranquil. The wise are joyful; the virtuous are long-lived.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "The man of wisdom delights in water; the man of humanity delights in mountains. The man of wisdom is active; the man of humanity is tranquil. The man of wisdom enjoys happiness; the man of humanity enjoy long life." 子曰：“志于道，据于德，依于仁，游于艺。”（7.6） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "I set my mind on the Way, persist in virtue, rely on humaneness and delight in the arts." 华兹生译： The Master said, Set your sights on the Way, base yourself on the virtue, rely on humaneness, relax with arts. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'I set my heart on the Way, base myself on virtue, lean upon benevolence for support and take my recreation in the arts.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'Let the will be set on the path of duty. Let every attainment in what is good be firmly grasped. Let perfect virtue be accorded with. Let relaxation and enjoyment be found in the polite arts.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "Set your will on the Way. Have a firm grasp on virtue. Relay on humanity. Find recreation in the arts." 子曰：“君子坦荡荡，小人常戚戚。”（7.37） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "The man of honor has peace of mind, while the petty-minded man is constantly troubled by anxiety." 华兹生译： The Master said, The gentleman is composed, at peace with things. The petty man is constantly fretting, fretting. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The gentleman is easy of mind, while the small man is always full of anxiety.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The superior man is satisfied and composed; the mean man is always full of distress.' 子曰：“父母在，不远游，游必有方。”（4.19） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Do not travel to distant places when your parents are alive. If you have to do so, always let them know where you are." 华兹生译： The Master said, While his father and mother are alive, a son should not go on distant journeys. If he travels, he must have a fixed destination. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'While your parents are alive, you should not go too far afield in your travels. If you do, your whereabouts should always be known.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "When his parents are alive, a son should not go far abroad; or if he does, he should let them know where he goes." 子曰：“质胜文则野，文胜质则史，文质彬彬，然后君子。”（6.18） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Substance without refinement is uncouth. But refinement without substance is pedantic. Only when substance and refinement are well blended can there be a man of honor." 华兹生译： The Master said, Where solid qualities outweigh refinement, you have rusticity. Where refinement outweighs solid qualities, you have the clerkly style. Refinement and solid qualities beautifully balanced——then you have the gentleman. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'When there is a preponderance of native substance over acquired refinement, the result will be churlishness. When there is a preponderance of acquired refinement over native substance, the result will be pedantry. Only a well-balanced admixture of these two will result in gentlemanliness.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'Where the solid qualities are in excess of accomplishments, we have rusticity; where the accomplishment are in excess of the solid qualities, we have the manners of a clerk. When the accomplishment and solid qualities are equally blended, we then have the man of virtue.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "When substance exceeds refinement (wen), one becomes rude. When refinement exceeds substance, one becomes urbane. It is only when one's substance and refinement are properly blended that he becomes a superior man." 子在川上，曰：“逝者如斯夫！不舍昼夜。”（9.17） 林茂荪译： Standing by a river, the Master declared, "Thus time flows by, never ceasing day or night." 华兹生译： Standing by a stream, the Master said, It flows on like this——does it not?——never ceasing, day or night. 刘殿爵译： While standing by a river, the Master said, 'What passes away is, perhaps, like this. Day and night it never lets up.' 理雅各译： The Master standing by a stream, said, 'It passes on just like this, not ceasing day or night!' 陈荣捷译： Confucius, standing by a stream, said, "It passes on like this, never ceasing day or night!" 子曰：“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐知者。”（6.20） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "To enjoy knowledge is better than to acquire knowledge. To love knowledge is better than both." 华兹生译： The Master said, To know it is not as good as to approve it. To approve it is not as good as to find joy in it. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'To be fond of something is better than merely to know it, and to find joy in it is better than merely to be fond of it.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'They who know the truth are not equal to those who love it, and they who love it are not equal to those who delight in it.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "To know it [learning or the way] is not as good as to love it, and to love it is not as good as to take delight in it." 子曰：“三人行，必有我师焉；择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。”（7.22） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Walking in the company of others, there is bound to be something I can learn from them. Their good traits I follow; their bad ones I try to avoid." 华兹生译： The Master said, When I walk with two others, I'm bound to find my teacher there. I single out their good points and pursue them, note their bad points and make my corrections. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'Even when walking in the company of two other men, I am bound to be able to learn from them. The good points of the one I copy; the bad points of the other I correct in myself.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'When I walk along with two others, they may serve as my teachers. I will select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them.' 子曰：“三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。”（9.26） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "You can deprive an army of its commanding officer, but you cannot deprive a man of his aspiration." 华兹生译： The Master said, The Three Armies5 may be stripped of their commander, but even a simple commander cannot be deprived of his will. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'The Three Armies can be deprived of their commanding officer, but even a common man cannot be deprived of his purpose.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'The commander of the forces of a large State may be carried off, but the will of even a common man cannot be taken from him.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "The commander of three armies may be taken away, but the will of even a common man may not be taken away from him." 子曰：“岁寒，然后知松柏之后凋也。”（9.28） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Only in the cold of winter is the point brought home that pines and cypresses are the last to fade." 华兹生译： The Master said, When the year-end cold comes, then we know that the pine and cypress are the last to lose their leaves. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'Only when the cold season comes is the point brought home that the pine and the cypress are the last to lose their leaves.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'When the year becomes cold, then we know how the pine and the cypress are the last to lose' 子曰：“过犹不及。”（11.16） 林茂荪译： Going too far is just as bad as not going far enough. 华兹生译： Going too far is as bad as not going far enough. 刘殿爵译： There is little to choose between overshooting the mark and falling short. 理雅各译： To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short. 陈荣捷译： To go too far is the same as not to go far enough. 子曰：“人无远虑，必有近忧。”（15.12） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Sorrow awaits those who don't take a long view." 华兹生译： The Master said, The person who fails to take far-reaching precautions is sure to encounter near-at-hand woes. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'He who gives no thought to difficulties in the future is sure to beset by worries much closer at hand.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'If a man take no thought about what is distant, he will find sorrow near at hand.' 子曰：“过而不改，是谓过矣。”（15.30） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "A mistake not corrected is a mistake indeed." 华兹生译： The Master said, To make a mistake and not correct it is to make a mistake indeed. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'Not to mend one's ways when one has erred is to err indeed.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'To have faults and not to reform them,——this, indeed, should be pronounced having faults.' 子曰：“吾尝终日不食，终夜不寝，以思，无益，不如学也。”（15.31） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "Occupied with thinking, I once spent days without eating and nights without sleep. My efforts turned out to be fruitless. I should have spent the time learning." 华兹生译： The Master said, Once I went all day without eating and all night without sleeping in order to think.—better to study. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'I once spent all day thinking without taking food and all night thinking without going to bed, but I found that I gained nothing from it. It wold have been better for me to have spent the time in learning.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'I have been the whole day without eating, and the whole night without sleeping:—occupied with thinking. It was of no use. The better plan is to learn.' 子曰：“有教无类。”（15.39） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "In teaching, I take disciples of all backgrounds without discrimination." 华兹生译： The Master said, In matters of instruction, there should be no class distinctions. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'In instruction there is no separation into categories.' 理雅各译： The Master said, 'In teaching there should be no distinction of classes.' 陈荣捷译： Confucius said, "In education there should be no class distinction.' 子曰：“道不同，不相为谋。”（15.40） 林茂荪译： The Master said, "People who have different ideas about the Way need not consult each other." 华兹生译： The Master said, If your Way is not the same, you cannot lay plans for one another. 刘殿爵译： The Master said, 'There is no point in people taking counsel together who follow different ways.' 理雅各译： The