国外旅游景点

二 Provence : The heart of Provence is in the hills that bind the sea to the Alps. These are the sloping vineyards; the cultivated lands and the colorful scenery that charmed Cezanne (Aix en Provence), Van Gogh (Arles), Chagall or Giono. In Provence or the Midi the local people have a soft singing accent which evokes their whole relaxed lifestyle. They have no greater pleasure after a hard days work than to enjoy a delicious and hardy meal shared with friends..... This is the picturesque Provence French gastronomy in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur is very distinctive from the rest of French cuisine or French cooking. A Mediterranean influence brings recipes with hot spices and seafoods. Because of the mountainous country, without the rich farmlands and herds of dairy cattle, Provencal cooking uses very little milk, and goat cheeses are predominant. Garlic, olive oil and olives are the leitmotif, 普罗旺斯位于法国南部，从地中海沿岸延伸到内陆的丘陵地区，中间有大河Phone流过，很多历史城镇，自古就以靓丽的阳光和蔚蓝的天空，令世人惊艳。 如今，每年有数百万人涌入南法的普罗旺斯与蔚蓝海岸，亲临画册上难以描摹的景致及小说中不可置信的悠闲，如果旅行是为了摆脱生活的桎梏，普罗旺斯会让你忘掉一切。sunlight and the deep blue sky 法国普罗旺斯的天空蓝的通透明澈，空气像新鲜的冰镇柠檬水沁入肺里，心底最深处如有清泉流过，直想歌啸。漫山遍野的薰衣草让人狂喜不已，自行车上、牛头上、少女的裙边插满深紫浅蓝的花束，整个山谷弥漫着熟透了的浓浓草香。田里一笼笼四散开来的薰衣草和挺拔的向日葵排成整齐的行列一直伸向远方，田边斜着一棵苹果树，不远处几栋黄墙蓝木窗的小砖房子 这个地区的活动之多，更是令人目不暇接，从年初2月的蒙顿柠檬节到7月-8月的亚维农艺术节。欧洪吉的歌剧节到8月普旺斯山区的薰衣草节，四时呼应着山城无拘无束的岁月。 普罗旺斯最令人心旷神怡的是,它的空气中总是充满了薰衣草Lavender、百里香、松树等的香气。这种独特的自然香气是在其他地方所无法轻易体验到的。其中又以薰衣草最为得天独厚且受到喜爱。由于充足灿烂的阳光最适宜薰衣草的成长，再加上当地居民对薰衣草香气以及疗效的钟爱，因此，在普罗旺斯不仅可以看到遍地薰衣草紫色花海翻腾的迷人画面，而且在住家也常见挂着各式各样薰衣草香包、香袋，商店也摆满由薰衣草制成的各种制品，像薰衣草香精油、香水、香皂、蜡烛等，在药房与市集中贩卖着分袋包装好的薰衣草花草茶。让人禁不住想多了解普罗旺斯迷人的香气——薰衣草的种种。 在普罗旺斯，薰衣草花田一年四季都有着截然不同的景观。冬天，在收成切割后，只剩下短而整齐的枯茎，覆盖着白雪。春天一到，绿叶冒出。6月紫晕，渐渐地随着夏天的艳阳愈愈热，薰衣草花也很快地转变成迷人的深紫色。紧接着是忙碌的采收工作开始了，掌握时间很重要，因此，花农们必须夜以继日地采割花朵，并蒸馏萃取液。直到9月底，所有的花田都已采收完成。薰衣草花田才得以喘口气，吸收大自然的精华，为明年夏天的再一次盛开紫色花朵而做准备。 普罗旺斯位于法国的南部。普罗旺斯有靓丽的阳光和蔚蓝的天空。普罗旺斯是薰衣草的故乡。每年的7、8月份，是熏衣草盛开的时候，阳光撒在薰衣草上，一整片的熏衣草田宛如深紫色的波浪层层迭迭地上下起伏着，泛着蓝紫的金色光彩。浪漫和迷情的紫色花海使普罗旺斯处处弥漫着浓浓的草香。“走进满山遍野的向日葵田，地中海蓝色透明的天，亮晶晶你脸上的汗水直到现在，风一吹都闻到普罗旺斯的花草香。”     熏衣草是一种馥郁的紫蓝色的小花。由薰衣草提炼出来的芳香精油具有安眠、镇静、抗抑郁的功效。      熏衣草的花语是：等待爱情。     紫色代表了神秘和凄美、浪漫和爱情。     熏衣草也有一个美丽的传说：     古时的普罗旺斯有个美丽的女孩，一天，她独自在寒冷的山谷中采着含苞待放的花朵，就在回家的途中，遇见一位来自远方受伤的旅人向她问路。少女捧着满怀的花束，眼睛深情的望着这位俊俏的青年，就在那一剎间，她的心已经被青年热情奔放的笑容所占据。不顾家人的反对，少女坚持让青年留在家中的客房疗伤直到痊愈。随着日子一天一天的过去，青年的腿伤已好，两人的感情也日益加深。就在一个微凉的清晨，青年要告别离去，少女却不顾家人的反对也要随青年远去，到青年开满玫瑰花的故乡……，村中的老奶奶在少女临走前，握着一把初开的熏衣草花束，让痴情的少女用这初开的熏衣草花束试探青年的真心……。据说，熏衣草花束的香气会让不洁之物现形。就在那个山谷开满熏衣草的清晨，正当青年牵起少女的手准备远行时，少女将藏在大衣内的一把熏衣草花束，丢掷在青年的身上，就这样，一阵紫色的轻烟忽聚忽散……山谷中隐隐约约的可听到冷风飕飕，像是青年在低吟：我就是你想远行的心啊！晨雾中，少女孤独的伫立着，独自惆怅…… Hawaii The State of Hawaii ( HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media:En-us-Hawaii.ogg" \o "Media:En-us-Hawaii.ogg" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET /həˈwaɪ.iː/ (help·info) or /həˈwaɪʔiː/ in English; Hawaiian: Mokuʻāina o Hawaiʻi) is a state in the United States, located on an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of Australia. The state was admitted to the Union on August 21, 1959, making it the 50th state. Its capital is Honolulu on the island of Oahu. The most recent census estimate puts the state's population at 1,283,388. This state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian Island chain, which is made up of hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles (2,400 km). At the southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight "main islands" are (from the northwest to southeast) Niʻihau, Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, Kahoʻolawe, Maui, and Hawaiʻi. The last is by far the largest, and is often called the "Big Island" or "Big Isle" to avoid confusion with the state as a whole. This archipelago is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. Culture of Hawaii HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HawaiiDance.JPG" \o "Traditional Polynesian dancers performing near Waikiki beach, on Oahu." INCLUDEPICTURE "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/HawaiiDance.JPG/200px-HawaiiDance.JPG" \* MERGEFORMATINET HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HawaiiDance.JPG" \o "Enlarge" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET Traditional Polynesian dancers performing near Waikiki beach, on Oahu. The culture of Hawaii has its origins in the traditional culture of the Native Hawaiians. As Hawaii has become a home to many different ethnic groups in the last 200 years, each ethnic group has added elements of its own culture to local life. Today, contemporary culture in Hawaii is a mix of the different cultures and ethnic groups that make up its unique population Venice Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venezsia, Latin: Venetia) is a city in northern Italy, the capital of region Veneto, and has a population of 271,251 (census estimate January 1, 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000). Venice's nicknames include "Queen of the Adriatic", "City of Water", "City of Bridges", and "The City of Light". The city stretches across numerous small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy. The saltwater lagoon stretches along the shoreline between the mouths of the Po (south) and the Piave (north) Rivers. The population estimate of 272,000 inhabitants includes the population of the whole Comune of Venezia; around 62,000 in the historic city of Venice (Centro storico); 176,000 in Terraferma (literally firm land, the areas outside the lagoon), mostly in the large frazione of Mestre and Marghera; and 31,000 live on other islands in the lagoon. The Venetian Republic was a major maritime power and a staging area for the Fourth Crusade, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain and spice trade) and art in the Renaissance and up to the end of the 17th century. While there are no historical records that deal directly with the origins of Venice, the available evidence has led several historians to agree that the original population of Venice comprised refugees from Roman cities such as Padua, Aquileia, Altino and Concordia (modern Portogruaro) who were fleeing successive waves of barbarian invasions. Starting in 166-168, the Quadi and Marcomanni destroyed the main center in the area, the current Oderzo. The Roman defenses were again overthrown in the early 5th century by the Visigoths and, some 50 years later, by the Huns led by Attila. The last and most enduring was that of the Lombards in 568. This left the Eastern Roman Empire; a small strip of coast in current Veneto, and the main administrative and religious entities, were therefore transferred to this remaining dominion. New ports were built, including those at Malamocco and Torcello in the Venetian lagoon. The Byzantine domination of central and northern Italy was largely eliminated by the conquest of the Exarchate of Ravenna in 751 by Aistulf. During this period, the seat of the local Byzantine governor (the "duke", later "doge") was situated in Malamocco. Settlement across the islands in the lagoon probably increased in correspondence with the Lombard conquest of the Byzantine territories. In 775-776, the bishopric seat of Olivolo (Helipolis) was created. During the reign of duke Agnello Particiaco (811-827) the ducal seat was moved from Malamocco to the highly protected Rialto (Rivoalto, "High Shore") island, the current location of Venice. The monastery of St. Zachary and the first ducal palace and basilica of St. Mark, as well as a walled defense (civitatis murus) between Olivolo and Rialto were subsequently built here. In 828, the new city's prestige was raised by the liberation of the relics of St. Mark the Evangelist from Alexandria, which were placed in the new basilica. The patriarchal seat was also moved to Rialto. As the community continued to develop and as Byzantine power waned, an increasingly anti-Eastern character emerged, leading to the growth of autonomy and eventual independence. Expansion From the ninth to the twelfth century Venice developed into a city state (an Italian thalassocracy or Repubblica Marinara, the other three being Genoa, Pisa, and Amalfi). Its strategic position at the head of the Adriatic made Venetian naval and commercial power almost invulnerable. The city became a flourishing trade center between Western Europe and the rest of the world (especially the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world). In the 12th century the foundations of Venice's power were laid: the Venetian Arsenal was under construction in 1104; Venice wrested control of the Brenner pass from Verona in 1178, opening a lifeline to silver from Germany; the last autocratic doge, Vitale Michiele, died in 1172. The Republic of Venice seized the eastern shores of the Adriatic before 1200, mostly for commercial reasons, because pirates based there were a menace to trade. The Doge already carried the titles of Duke of Dalmatia and Duke of Istria. Later mainland possessions, which extended across Lake Garda as far west as the Adda River, were known as "Terraferma", and were acquired partly as a buffer against belligerent neighbours, partly to guarantee Alpine trade routes, and partly to ensure the supply of mainland wheat, on which the city depended. In building its maritime commercial empire, the Republic acquired control of most of the islands in the Aegean, including Cyprus and Crete, and became a major power-broker in the Near East. By the standards of the time, Venice's stewardship of its mainland territories was relatively enlightened and the citizens of such towns as Bergamo, Brescia and Verona rallied to the defence of Venetian sovereignty when it was threatened by invaders. Venice became an imperial power following the Fourth Crusade, which seized Constantinople in 1204 and established the Latin Empire; Venice herself carved out a sphere of influence known as the Duchy of the Archipelago. Unfortunately, this seizure of Constantinople would ultimately prove as decisive a factor in ending the Byzantine Empire as the loss of the Anatolian themes after Manzikert. Though the Byzantines recovered control of the ravaged city a half century later, the Byzantine Empire was greatly weakened, and existed as a ghost of its old self until Sultan Mehmet The Conqueror took the city in 1453. Considerable Byzantine plunder was brought back to Venice, including the Winged Lion of St. Mark, symbol of Venice. Situated on the Adriatic Sea, Venice traded with the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim world extensively. During the late thirteenth century, Venice was the most prosperous city in all of Europe. At the peak of its power and wealth, it had 36,000 sailors operating 3,300 ships, dominating Mediterranean commerce. During this time, Venice's leading families vied with each other to build the grandest palaces and support the work of the greatest and most talented artists. The city was governed by the Great Council, which was made up of members of the most influential families in Venice. The Great Council appointed all public officials and elected a Senate of 200 to 300 individuals. The Senate then chose the Council of Ten, a secretive group which held the utmost power in the administration of the city. One member of the great council was elected "doge", or duke, the ceremonial head of the city. The Venetian governmental structure was similar in some ways to the republican system of ancient Rome, with an elected executive power (the Doge), a senate-like assembly of nobles, and a mass of citizens with limited political power, who originally had the power to grant or withhold their approval of each newly elected Doge. Church and various private properties were tied to military service, though there was no knight tenure within the city itself. The Cavalieri di San Marco was the only order of chivalry ever instituted in Venice, and no citizen could accept or join a foreign order without the government’s consent. Venice remained a republic throughout its independent period and politics and the military were kept completely separate, except when on occasion the Doge personally led the military. War was regarded as a continuation of commerce by other means (hence, the city's early production of large numbers of mercenaries for service elsewhere, and later its reliance on foreign mercenaries when the ruling class was preoccupied with commerce). The chief executive was the Doge (duke), who, theoretically, held his elective office for life. In practice, a number of Doges were forced by pressure from their oligarchical peers to resign the office and retire into monastic seclusion when they were felt to have been discredited by perceived political failure. Though the people of Venice generally remained orthodox Roman Catholics, the state of Venice was notable for its freedom from religious fanaticism and it enacted not a single execution for religious heresy during the Counter-Reformation. This apparent lack of zeal contributed to Venice's frequent conflicts with the Papacy. Venice was threatened with the interdict on a number of occasions and twice suffered its imposition. The second, most famous, occasion was on April 27, 1509, by order of Pope Julius II (see League of Cambrai). 威尼斯是一个美丽的水上城市，它建筑在最不可能建造城市的地方-水上,威尼斯的风情总离不开“水”，蜿蜒的水巷，流动的清波，她就好像一个漂浮在碧波上浪漫的梦，诗情画意久久挥之不去。这个城市，有一度曾握有全欧最强大的人力、物力和权势。威尼斯的历史相传开始于公元453年；当时威尼斯地方的农民和渔民为逃避酷嗜刀兵的游牧民族，转而避往亚德里亚海中的这个小岛。威尼斯外形像海豚，城市面积不到7.8平方公里，却由118个小岛组成，177条运河蛛网一样密布期间，这些小岛和运河由大约350座桥相连。整个城市只靠一条长堤与意大利大陆半岛连接。 威尼斯肥沃的冲积土质，就地而取材的石块，加上用邻近内陆的木头做的小船往来其间；在淤泥中，在水上先祖们建起了威尼斯。这个不到8平方公里的城市，却被一百多条蛛网般密布的运河割成一百多座小岛，岛与岛之间只凭各式桥梁错落连接，初来乍到很快便会迷失在这座“水城”中。好在有大运河呈S形贯穿整个城市。沿着这条号称“威尼斯最长的街道”，可以饱览威尼斯的精华而不用担心迷路。沿岸的近200栋宫殿、豪宅和七座教堂，多半建于14至16世纪，有拜占庭风格、哥特风格、巴洛克风格、威尼斯式等等，所有的建筑地基都淹没在水中，看起来就像水中升起的一座艺术长廊。平日里大运河真的像一条熙熙攘攘的大街一样，各式船只往来穿梭其上，最别致的当然还是贡多拉。 威尼斯有毁于火中又重生的凤凰歌剧院，徐志摩笔下忧伤的叹息桥，伟大的文艺复兴和拜占庭式建筑，世界上最美的广场之一—圣马可广场，有美得令人窒息的回廊，大师安东尼奥尼电影中最美的段落有一些就在这儿拍摄；这儿是文艺复兴的一个重镇，产过历史上最重要的画派之一：威尼斯画派；德国音乐大师理查德•瓦格纳在这里与世长辞……这个城市昔日的光荣与梦想通过保存异常完好的建筑延续到今天，她独特的气氛令游人感到如受魔法，令凡是来过的威尼斯游客都念念不舍，乐而忘返。 威尼斯水城大街小巷的特殊风光。有些水道比北京的小胡同还要狭窄，两条船不能并开，只能单行。街道两旁都是古老的房屋，底层大多为居民的船库。连接街道两岸的是各种各样的石桥或木桥。它们高高地横跨街心，一点也不妨碍行船。威尼斯的桥梁和水街纵横交错，四面贯通，人们以舟代车，以桥代路，陆地、水面，游人熙攘，鸽子与海鸥一齐飞，形成了这个世界著名水城的一种特有的生活情趣。在威尼斯地众多座桥梁中，以火车站为通往市中心的利亚德桥（Rialto）最为有名，又名商业桥，它全部用白色大理石筑成，是威尼斯的象征。大桥长48米，宽22米，离水面7米高，桥两头用12000根插入水中的木桩支撑，桥上中部建有厅阁，横跨在大运河上。大大小小的船只从太阳型的桥洞中穿梭，里亚托桥建（Rialto）于1180年，原先是一座木桥，后改为吊桥。在1444年的一次庆典中，因不堪重负，大桥折断。1580～1592年，改建为现在的石桥。桥顶有一浮亭，桥两侧是20多首饰商店和卖纪念品的小摊。威尼斯城内古迹甚多，大大小小的120多座教堂，有哥特式、文艺复兴式、巴洛克式等，另外，还有依水而建的120座钟楼、64座男女修道院、40多座宫殿，都隔河相临，十分别致。威尼斯的房屋建筑风格各异，房屋的门窗、走廊上雕刻着精美的图案和花纹。夜间泛舟威尼斯，独有一番情趣。每年都有成千上万的游客来到意大利威尼斯，来感受她的美丽、温馨和浪漫。 威尼斯的狂欢节历史上赫赫有名，1979年已经恢复，目前是全世界四大狂欢节之一。一个人戴上面具，失去了身份，获得的自由，可以放肆，可以放纵，这是很多人喜欢狂欢节的理由。据说，节日期间，彼此说：“你好，面具先生。”能赶上圣诞节时狂欢节的游客毕竟是少数，买一个面具就方便多了，买几个小面具纪念品，花费也不算很大。也有游人买上一顶丑角的帽子，在大街上招摇过市，自得其乐。既然来威尼斯，不妨放肆一下。 Venice, Italy is a magical place.  It is one of the few cities in the world where the sound of cars are never heard.  Instead, when it is quiet, one hears the lapping of waves against the city s magnificent Renaissance buildings.   意大利的威尼斯是一个神奇的天堂，它是世界上少数几个城市听不到汽车声音的城市之一。取而代之的宁静，你可以听到水浪拍打着城市里伟大的文艺复兴时期的建筑 Venice is located in a lagoon in the Adriatic Sea and is built on islands linked by more than 400 bridges.  All transportation is by boat or on foot.   Venice s most famous vehicles are gondolas, which drift slowly through the city s famed canals as the men steering the boats serenade passengers with arias from Italian operas.   威尼斯坐落于亚得里亚海的泻湖之上，由400多座桥梁连接而成。所有的运输工具都是船或者步行。威尼斯最著名的交通工具就是冈朵拉（Gondola），坐在冈朵拉上面可以一边看风景一边听艺人们演奏的意大利歌剧。   Venice becomes even more enchanting during Carnival.  Carnival is an annual celebration before Lent, a 40-day period of fasting that precedes Easter.  The dates of Carnival vary each year depending on the date of Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent.   狂欢节上的威尼斯尤其迷人。嘉年华每年在四旬斋节前举行，在复活节前禁食40天.每年的嘉年华定为复活节前的第七个星期三，四旬斋的第一天。 西北角有一条四公里长的长堤与大陆相通，它不但是意大利重要的港口，也是一座文化艺术古城。威尼斯及其泻湖，由118个岛屿组成。素有“水都”、“水城”、“桥城”或“百岛之城”的美称，是意大利威尼斯省的省会（另一资料：威内托大区的首府），也是意大利北部的主要港口。这座世上独一无二的水上城市景色旖旎、风光独好，城内历史古迹比比皆是，是一座风景如画而又古韵十足的历史名城,这里的所有景色都离不开水。威尼斯全市有117条大小河道（另一资料：177条大小运河）相通，靠401座各式桥梁把它们连接起来。威尼斯水道是城市的马路，市内没有汽车和自行车，也没有交通指挥灯，船是市内唯一的交通工具。 威尼斯，一处极为浪漫又朴素的古城。每年吸引着成千上万来自世界各地的游人。精美的建筑、超凡绝伦的雕塑、红黑相间的"刚朵拉"、优雅安祥的鸽子构成了威尼斯古典而浪漫的城市风情。 　　自从中世纪与东方贸易而繁荣起来，便被誉为阿德利亚海女王的海运之国 -- 威尼斯，有着光辉灿烂的历史，可以从今天圣玛鲁克广场的寺院、宫殿以及市内林立的建筑和壮丽的传统民间节日中，领略一二。当年美术家们的色彩丰富的绘画，如今都收藏在阿卡德米亚美术馆里。     沿着威尼斯宽宽窄窄的运河，可见到修于几世纪以前的古老房屋，这些房屋依然保持着当时的面貌和风采，鲜艳的花朵从阳台伸展出来，带来了生机和无限的遐思。坐"刚朵拉"，纵情于威尼斯的怀抱，听船夫高唱意大利的民歌，仿佛忘记了世间的存在，完全融化在这独特的魅力之中。 威尼斯建于公元453年，697年成为拜占庭帝国的一个城邦。13世纪以后，成为地中海的商业中心。16世纪初以后，威尼斯逐渐丧失了在政治和商业上的影响，18世纪后期，威尼斯“似乎变成了一个大木偶剧院”。1797年,威尼斯屈从于拿破仑的统治，有着一千多年历史的威尼斯共和国从此灭亡。1866年威尼斯地区和意大利实现统一，从此成为意大利的一个地区。 　　即使早已过了海上霸权的年代，威尼斯所展现出来的气势仍旧是独具一格，颓废与华丽的美感并存，迷离的情调勾引来自全世界的游客，而这片岛峡，就彷佛与世隔绝一般，独自过着属于威尼斯的慵懒岁月。倔强的威尼斯人，将一栋栋豪宅立在水中，任着潮汐侵蚀，失去往日亮丽的光采后，再一遍遍不厌其烦的装修。     威尼斯,世界闻名的水乡，人口35万。整个城市建筑在水上，出门或徒步或乘舟，是世界上唯一没有汽车的城市。威尼斯也是历史文化名城，城内古迹众多，有120座哥持式、文艺复兴式、巴洛克式教堂，120座钟楼、64座男女修道院、40多座宫殿，以及众多的海滨浴场。 　　曲折弯蜒的水道和一座又一座的小桥，交织出令人惊奇的广场和街道，让你发现旅行的绝对乐趣。位于威纳托省（Veneto）外海鸫湖（laguna）区的威尼斯，其实包括了一百座大大小小的岛屿，在威尼斯本岛上运河多达一百五十条，的向海借地而繁荣的海上女王。 　　在以渡船和徒步为主要交通手段的威尼斯，一切都具有从容不迫的动昀。橱窗里放射着威尼斯的异彩，街头上充满着罗曼蒂克的风情，使游人倾心。