欧美名胜古迹

nullnull Please enjoy yourself!Content Abstract Content Abstract It includes many famous buildings about Europe and America. The orders is as follows: France: Eiffel Tower , The Louvre Italy :the Leaning Tower of Pisa , Milan Cathedral German: New Swan Fort , Sans Souci Palace America: The White House, The Golden Gate Bridge Content AbstractContent AbstractRussia :the Winter Palace , Red Square Britain : Buckingham Palace , Tower Bridge Australia: Sydney Opera House Individual synopsis Individual synopsis Name: Zhou Li Department: School of Foreign Language Class: Undergraduate Class Two School Number :092722027 Eiffel Tower Eiffel Tower The Eiffel Tower is in Paris. It's the symbol of Paris which was built in 1887 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. It is named after its designer, Eiffel. Nobody will miss the chance to visit it when he arrives in Paris. It's 300.51 meters in height. It is made of iron and it is about 700 tons in weight. There're 1665 steps to the top. It took 300 workers 2 years to complete it. It was finished in 1889. It's a famous architecture in the world The LouvreThe LouvreThe Louvre, in its successive architectural metamorphoses, has dominated central Paris since the late 12th century. Built on the city's western edge, the original structure was gradually engulfed as the city grew. The dark fortress of the early days was transformed into the modernized dwelling of François I and, later, the sumptuous palace of the Sun King, Louis XIV. Here we explore the history of this extraordinary edifice and of the museum that has occupied it since 1793. The Louvre: A Rich Past, An Ambitious Future The LouvreThe Louvre"Open to all since 1793": From the outset, the Louvre has embodied the concept of a truly "universal" institution. Universal in the scope of its collections, it is also universal in its appeal to some 6 million visitors every year: a 21st-century museum rooted in 200 years of innovation. the Leaning Tower of Pisa the Leaning Tower of Pisa Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy Tuscany north of the city of Pisa miracle Square. Place a large lawn dotted with a group of religious buildings, which are Cathedral (built in 1063 -13 century), baptism Church (built in 1153 -14 century), the Clock Tower (Leaning Tower of Pisa) and the cemetery ( built in 1278 -15 century), and their outside walls are white marble vault, but their relative independence and form a unified Roman architectural style. Leaning Tower of Pisa in Pisa cathedral behind the Leaning Tower of Pisathe Leaning Tower of PisaClock Tower was built in 1173, designed for vertical construction, but the project is due to start soon after the foundation and the soil soft and uneven toward completion in 1372, toward the southeast tower. Leaning Tower of Pisa City is the symbol of 1987 and its neighboring Cathedral, baptism Church, the cemetery with its 11th century to 14th century Italy tremendous impact on the art of architecture, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization selection as a World Heritage Site. Milan CathedralMilan CathedralThe medal by Cardoso (1506) and the partial plan drawn by Bramante (in the Uffizi, Florence), probably represent the earliest stage of the design, before the difficulties appeared which obliged the architect and his successors to propose, and in some cases implement, numerous changes. These changes related not only to the general conception of the plan—first a Greek cross, then a Latin one—but also to the plan of the transepts, which at one time were to have ambulatories; to the role of the Orders, first purely decorative (Bramante), then structural (Raphael, Michelangelo); Milan CathedralMilan Cathedraland to the construction and shape of the dome, first with a single masonry shell (Bramante), then a double one (Sangallo, Michelangelo). The piers at the crossing, which were intended to support the dome, were one of the biggest problems; too slender in Bramante's plan, they were frequently reinforced... In the 17th century further important modifications were made by Bernini when he created the great colonnade that encircles the Piazza San Petro." New Swan FortNew Swan FortHohenschwangau is a village in the municipality of Schwangau, Ostallgäu district, Bavaria, Germany. It is located between Schloss Neuschwanstein and Schloss Hohenschwangau and is visited by about 2 million people annually, where they start tours to the former royal palaces. The town is dominated by car parks, restaurants, guesthouses, hotels and souvenir shops. Hohenschwangau is bordered by the Alpsee in the WestSans Souci Palace Sans Souci Palace It is the 18th century palace garden. And German Located in Potsdam, Germany, northern city, for the king of Prussia Frederick ii imitate French Versailles. From the French palace "" or" don't worry." sans souci palace is the 18th century German architecture art, all the essence of architectural engineering and lasted for more than 50 years. 51job palace by war, but not, though, are still suffering fire bombardment intactThe White House The White House Official residence of the U.S. president, in Washington, D.C . It has been the home of every president since John Adams. In 1791 James Hoban (1762–1831) won the commission to build the presidential residence with his plan for a Georgian mansion in the style of Andrea Palladio. The structure, to be built of gray sandstone, was to have more than 100 rooms. The British burned it in 1814, but it was rebuilt and enlarged under Hoban's direction. The White HouseThe White Housebut it was rebuilt and enlarged under Hoban's direction. In the 1820s, Hoban added eastern and western terraces as well as a semicircular southern portico and a colonnaded northern portico. The later addition of the West Wing (1902) and East Wing (1942) provided additional office space. Theodore Roosevelt adopted "White House" as the building's official name in 1902. Its public areas are toured by about 1.5 million people every year. The Golden Gate Bridge The Golden Gate Bridge The orange towers of the Golden Gate Bridge-probably the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed bridge in the world-are visible from almost every point of elevation in San Francisco. The only cleft in Northern California's 600-mile continental wall, for years this mile- wide strait was considered unbridgeable. As much an architectural as an engineering feat, the Golden Gate took only 52 months to design and build, The Golden Gate BridgeThe Golden Gate Bridgeand was opened in 1937. Designed by Joseph Strauss, it was the first really massive suspension bridge, with a span of 4200ft, and until 1959 ranked as the world's longest. It connects the city at its northwesterly point on the peninsula to Marin County and Northern California, rendering the hitherto essential ferry crossing redundant , and was designed to withstand winds of up to a hundred miles an hour and to swing as much as 27ft.the Winter Palace the Winter Palace Located between the Palace Embankment and the Palace Square, the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russia was built between 1754 and 1762 as the winter residence of the Russian tsars. Designed by Bartolommeo Easterly, the Rococo-style, green-and-white palace has 1,786 doors and 1,945 windows. Catherine the Great was its first imperial occupant. The Palace is now part of a complex of buildings known as the State Hermitage Museum which holds one of the world's greatest collections of art. the Winter Palacethe Winter Palace As part of the Museum, many of the Winter Palace's 1,057 halls and rooms are open to the public. The Military Gallery, opened in 1826, accommodates 332 portraits of military leaders of the Russian army during the Napoleon's invasion of Russia. After the February Revolution in Russia, the Winter Palace was the headquarters of the Russian Provisional Government. The assault of the Winter Palace by Bolshevik forces was the official milestone of the October RevolutionRed SquareRed Square Red Square was originally called "托尔格", which means "market" in 1662 changed to "Red Square", which means "Beautiful Place", with an area of 91,000 square meters, located in the center of the country to hold the kinds of large-scale ceremonies and the parade of the central location, is the world's one of the famous square. Red Square is a unique ground, stone-paved by the article, in the west side of Red Square is the Lenin and the Kremlin walls and three towers in the Kremlin walls and Lenin between 12 tombstone including Stalin, Brezhnev, Red SquareRed SquareAndropov, Cherenkov, politicians in the former Soviet Union, such as a headstone. South of Moscow, Red. Square is a symbol of the most classic Cathedral Valise ; on the north side of the State Museum of History, founded in 1873 and is a landmark building in Moscow. Near there to commemorate the 50th anniversary of victory in World War II and the construction of the Second World War hero Marshal Zhukov statue, as well as the tomb of the Unknown Soldier. The east is one of the world famous department store, one of 10 shopping centers Kit gum Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace is the monarch’s present London home，facing St. James’ park. It as built for the Duke of Buckingham and Normandy John Sheffield in 1703. Buckingham House was bought by George III for his wife at the price of 28，000 pounds in 1761 and the royal family moved there from St. James’ Palace. It was enlarged in the Palladian （帕拉弟奥的）style by John Nash in the reign Of George IV and then the building became known as Buckingham Palace. When Victoria came to the throne，she made it the royal palace. In the palace can be found the Marble Hall Buckingham PalaceBuckingham PalaceSculpture Gallery，the Picture Gallery，the Throne Room， the Drawing Room，the Library，the Royal Stamp-Collecting Room，the Grand Staircase （楼梯） and Vestibule （门廊），over 600 rooms and halls in all. The grounds cover 40 acres and there are collections of famous paintings and of furniture，most of which are works dating from George IV’ s time. Since 1993， Buckingham Palace has been open to the public during the summer months only Tower Bridge Tower Bridge It took 8 years, 5 major contractors and the relentless labor of 432 construction workers to build Tower Bridge. 　Two massive piers had to be sunk into the river bed to support the construction, over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework for the towers and walkways. This was then clad in Cornish granite and Portland stone, both to protect the underlying steelwork and to give the bridge a more pleasing appearance.Sydney Opera HouseSydney Opera HouseThe Sydney Opera House is one of the most famous buildings in the world. It is considered to be one of the most recognizable images of the modern world although the building has been open for only about 30 years. The Sydney Opera House is as representative of Australia as the pyramids are of Egypt. 　6 225 square meters of glass and 645 kilometers of electric cable were used to build the Opera House. It includes 1 000 rooms. It is 185 meters long and 120 meters wide. The building’s roof sections weigh about 15 tons. Sydney Opera HouseSydney Opera HouseThere are 1 million tiles on the roof. It provides guide tours to 200 000 people each year. But do you know the Opera House with a roof was designed by a famous Danish architect，Utzon ? In the late 1958 the Australian Government established an appeal fund to finance the construction of the Sydney Opera House， and conducted a competition for its design was chosen. Utzon spent a few years reworking the design and it was 1961 before he had solved the problem of how to build the distinguishing feature—the sails of the roof. Sydney Opera HouseSydney Opera House The venture experienced cost blowouts. In 1966 the situation reached crisis point and Utzon resigned from the project. The building was finally competed by others in 1973.Sydney Opera House was opened by Queen Elizabeth on 20th October 1973. The Opera House reaches out into the harbour. Seen from the air or a ferry，the skyline of the Sydney Opera Hose，the blue water of the harbour and the Sydney Harbour Bridge，is beautiful. null