Unit9ChineseFood练习答案综合教程三

Unit9ChineseFoodKeytotheExercisesTextcomprehensionI.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage.B(ThisessayisbyandlargeanillustrationofapropositionraisedbyKennethLothatfoodwilldetermineone'sphysicalstrengthandultimatelyone'sspiritualandmoralfiberandwell-being.ItsaimandconclusionrestwiththephilosophyexpressedinChinesefood.)AI.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1.T(RefertoParagraph1.)2.T(RefertoParagraph2.)3.T(RefertoParagraph6.)4.F(RefertoParagraph7.AccordingtoHelenBurke,thecookingitselftakesonly10%oftheactualpreparationbutitisnotasimplematterasindicatedbythepercentageoftimeitconsumes.)5.T(RefertoParagraph9.)BI.Answerthefollowingquestions.1.Foodandeating,accordingtoKennethLo,determinesnotonlyone'sphysicalhealthbutalsoone'sspiritualandmoralsoundnessandhisultimatewell-being.2.RefertoParagraphs2,3and4.Accordingtotheauthor,manypeopleintheWestaregourmetsandgluttons,whilealargenumberofothersareprettyindifferenttofood.Onthecontrary,FuTong,aLondonrestaurateur,maintainsthattoChinesepeoplefoodisofprimaryimportanceandisoneoftheecstasiesoflife.Also,whentheygotoarestaurant,Westernerscaremoreaboutthetablethanthefood,whiletheChineseaimtoeatwithacapitalE,ortakethefoodwiththeutmostearnest.3.RefertoParagraph5.Literally,Chinesefoodisubiquitous.Chineserestaurantshavesprungupalmosteverywhereintheworld.AttherootofthephenomenalriseofChinesefoodintheworldisastronginterestinChinesefoodintheWest.ThereisanincreaseinsensualityintheWesternworldandcoincidentallyChinesefoodisverysensualinitscombinationofcolor,textureandtaste.4.RefertoParagraphs7and8.ForChinesepeople,thetraditionalhigh-qualityChinesemealisaseriousmatter.Itisfastidiouslypreparedandfastidiouslyenjoyed.BoththepreparationandenjoymentofaChinesemealcanlasthoursandmakeasharedexperiencewhichiswellplanned.Themealmustnotonlymeetthechallengeofthepalatebutalsothatoftheeye.5.RefertoParagraph9.AgoodtraditionalChinesemealmustbewellplannedandbalancedinordertomeetthedemandofthepalateandtheeyealike.So,accordingtoEmilyHahn,thereismoralexcellenceingoodcooking,whichimpliesthecombinationofalllife,allactionandallknowledge.Soimportantisamealthatitisnotsimplytheproductofarecipe;itexpressesthebasicassumptionsoflife,amongwhichisharmonyandbalance.IV. Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.1.FoodtousChineseisoneofthegreatestjoysinlife:itisthoughtaboutbeforebeingprepared;itistreatedwithlotsofloveandcarewhilebeingprepared;andwhenitisready,agreatdealoftimeisdevotedtoenjoyingit.2.ThemainreasonforthesuddenandtremendouspopularityofChinesefoodthroughoutthewholeWesternworldliesintwofacts:oneistheincreaseddesireforsensualpleasures(whichisabundantinChinesefood)andfreedomfromage-oldcustomsintheWest;theotheristhenotionofphysicalpleasureprovidedbyChinesefood,whichisalwaysreadytosatisfythetasteoftheeater.StructuralanalysisofthetextParagraphs7-9constitutethethirdpartofthetext.Paragraph7:ThetraditionalqualityChinesemealisaseriousmatter,fastidiouslypreparedandfastidiouslyenjoyed.Paragraph8:Theenjoymentmustmatchthepreparation.Paragraph9:ThesmoothharmoniesandpiquantcontrastsinChinesefoodareanexpressionofbasicassumptionsaboutlifeitself.Rhetoricalfeaturesofthetext1.Allthesehavebecomemuchmorepartandparceloftheaverageperson'slife?(Paragraph6)2.Meatandfish,solidsandsoups,sweetandsoursauces?(Paragraph8)VocabularyexercisesI.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1.emotionalstrengthtodowhatonebelievestoberight2.materialusedtoproducepower;sth.usedtokeepthebodyfunctioning3.lower-classtype4.anumberofdishesthatareservedoneafteranotherinanorderlyway5.bythemselvesAI.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordtakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.1.fastidious 2.ecstasies3.lavish 4.elusive5.phenomenal 6.proceeding7.enterprise 8.contrivedBI.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.disregard 2.authoritative3.ubiquity 4.desirable5.piquancy 6.ceremonially7.gluttonous 8.derivationIV.Fillintheblank(s)ineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationtakenfromthetext.1.comeoff2.conformto3.derives/derived,from4.attendto5.sprungup6.cameabout7.proceedwith8.lavishing...onV.Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.Antonym:distantly(indifferently)2.Synonym:epicure3.Synonym:fundamental(primary,principal)4.Antonym:produce(make)5.Synonym:affirm(state)6.Synonym:mix(intermingle,combine)7.Synonym:change(modify,adjust)8.Synonym:provocative(sharp,pungent)VI. Explaintheunderlinedphrasalverbsinyourownwords.1.explains2.accidentallyfound3.discusswith4.start5.playedaprominentrolein6.thinkaboutitcarefully7.consumedpartof8.interruptingGrammarexercisesI.Combinethesentencesineachsetintoone,beginningwiththewordsgiven.1.LevTolstoy,agreatRussianwriter,wasbornin1828anddiedin1910.2.Myproposalthatweshouldimportmoreequipmentfromabroadistobediscussedatthemeeting.3.Thenewsthatsheisinvitedtothepartyisveryencouraging.4.TheCanadiansurgeonDr.NormanBethune,agreatinternationalfighter,laiddownhislifefortheChineserevolution.5.Inspiteofthefactthattheyworkeddayandnightontheproject,theyfailedtofindoutthemechanismofthedisease.6.Theannouncementthatallflightswerecancelledbecauseofbadweathergreatlydistressedthewaitingpassengers.7.Mike,thebestmechanicinthegarage,workedonmycar.8.Theamateurboat-builderwasconstructingasimplemodel,asmalloutboardcruiserofconventionaldesign.AI.Improvethefollowingsentencesbyusingappositiveclauses.1.OurwordtobaccocomesfromtheSpanishwordtobaco,awordwhichmeans"cigar"intheArawakIndianlanguage.(Anappositivemayrepeatanounforthesakeofclarityandemphasis.)2.Columbus'screwwasastonishedtofindtheArawakspuffingonhugecigarsinHispaniola,anislandwhichisnowdividedbetweenHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic.3.ThecigarsweremadefromNicotianatobacum,ahybridoftwowildplantsfirstgrowninPeruandBolivia.4.ThistobaccofromHispaniolawasnotthekindsmokedbytheotherIndiansofNorth5.ThissecondandmuchmorewidelyusedkindoftobaccowasNicotianarustica,ahybridthatisnativeonlytothewesternslopesoftheAndes.6.FromhereitscultivationandusespreadintoNorthAmericaataboutthesametimeasthecultivationofmaize,astaplegraincrop.7.ArchaeologistsfindthefirstpipesamongIndianartifactsatthelevelthattheyfindthefirstevidenceofmaizecultivation,afactwhichsuggeststhattheIndianslearnedtosmokeandtogrowcornatthesametime.8.ThistobaccowassostrongthattheAlgonkiansmixeditwithsumacleavesandtheinner bark ofthedogwood andcalled itkinnikinnik, aword meaning "thatwhichismixed."9.MostIndiansfavouredpipes,someatetobaccoleaves,somedranktobacco,andstillotherspreferredcigarettes,shreddedtobaccowrappedincornhusks.10."Drinkingtobacco"becamepopularinElizabethanEnglandafter1565,theyeartheleafwasfirstimportedfromtheWestIndies.BI.Completeeachsentencewithwhatyouthinkthemostappropriateofthefourchoicesgiven.1.C(Whentheantecedentcontainssuch,therelativewordisas.) 2. B(Eyemeans"thepowerofseeing;appreciativeordiscriminating visual perception.") 3. D 4. A(Inthestructuretoo+adj.+to,weusea/an+n.aftertheadjective.) 5. B(Machineryisacollectivenoun.) 6. A(ear=attention,heed) 7. C(brains=intellectualpower,intelligence) 8. B IV. Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingthewordsinbrackets.1.Hewaslessfrightenedthanhurt.2.Theirroomisnobiggerthanours.3.Georgedidmoreworkthananyoneelse.4.Dick'sbehaviorismorecourteousthanBob's.5.Ipaidthreetimesmoreforthefoodthantheydid.(Asmuchasandasmanyasareequivalenttomore?thanwhentheyarepremodifiedbyatimes-phrase.)6.Acollectionoffactscannotbecalledscienceanymorethanapileofbrickscanbecalledahouse.7.Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.8.Heismoreofasportsmanthanhisbrother.V.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish,usingtheexpressionsinbrackets.1.ThatnoiseismorethanIcanbear.2.Wearemorethanhappytohelpyouinanywaywecan.3.Nolessthanathousandpeopleparticipatedinthemarathon.4.Heisnomoreinterestedinchemistrythanhisbrotheris.5.Itismoreapoemthanapicture.6.Hewasaccusedofnolessacrimethanhightreason.VI.Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencesgivenbelow,keepingtheitalicizedpartsinyoursentences.1.e.g.Heneverrememberedtohaveknownsuchwearinessashefeltnow.Theexplorertookonlysuchmenandthingsashereallyneededintothejunglewithhim.2.e.g.Heisnotjustanactorbutalsoagreatwriter.Shenotjustsingslikeanangel,butalsodancesdivinely.TranslationexercisesI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.决定他们体力直至情操气节、健康安乐的东西，又怎能不关心呢？2.事实上，人们颇有理由可以说，中国食品已经成为当今唯一真正意义上的国际性食品。3.西方这种对感官享受需求的增长和从积习中解放出来的渴望，再加上中餐本身注重色、香、味的概念(中餐总是能很快满足味蕾)，正是中餐突然间迅猛地在偌大西方世界风靡一时的根本原因。4.我们也许能将它们切碎，分别贴上“烹调”、“健康”、“品质”之类的标签，但事实上它们是不可分割的。AI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandphrasesgiveninbrackets.1.YoushouldhavetoldmeinadvancethatyouwouldfurtheryourstudiesinAmerica.2.Helavishedtoomuchcareonhisgrandchildren.3.Variousnewtechnologyindustrieshavesprungup.4.ManyEnglishwordsderivefromLatin,GreekandFrenchwords.5.Aphilosopherholdsthatcontradictoryoppositionsareubiquitous.6.Kindnessispartandparcelofhisnature.7.Hepossessedphenomenalmemoryandintelligence.8.Heisfastidiousabouthisfoodandclothes.BI.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.一个典型中国人的观点是：吃是第一乐事。中国人非常重视吃，许多人还把它看成是人生至乐之一。这里有一个很有趣的例子，它了西方人和中国人对待吃的不同态度。西方人上餐馆时，最关心的往往是找一张好餐桌，更确切地说，找一个可以看见别人，也能让人看见的好位置。然而，中国人上餐馆时则喜欢找一个不为外人所见的小包间。这种差异的原因在于，前者在用餐时由于有社会交流而感到惬意，而后者则主要从品尝食物中得到快乐。许多人认为，一顿精美的传统中餐制作极其细致。据说，备料和配料大约占实际工作量的90%，烹调本身则仅仅占大约10%。既然烹饪如此精细，那么享用也应该与之匹配。一顿正宗的中国餐宴可以长达三个多小时。难怪有人说，它简直像个宗教仪式。ExercisesforintegratedskillsI.DictationscriptIntheChineseculture,/thewholeprocessofpreparingfood/fromrawingredients tomorsels readyforthe mouth/ ishighly distinctive whencompared with other food traditions. /Atthebaseofthisprocess/ isthe division between fan, grains and other starchfoods, / andts'ai,vegetable andmeatdishes. /Toprepare abalancedmeal, /it musthave an appropriate amount ofbothfanandts'ai,/andingredients arereadied alongbothtracks./Grainsarecookedwholeorasflour,/makingupthefanhalfofthe mealinvarious forms./Vegetables andmeats arecutup andmixed /invariousways intoindividualdishes/toconstitutethets'aihalf./Eveninmealsinwhichfanandts'ai arejoinedtogether,/suchasinwonton,/theyareinfactputtogetherbutnotmixedup, /andeachstillretainsitsdueproportionandowndistinction. AI.FillineachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEwordyouthinkappropriate.(1)only (2)by(3)all (4)which(5)history (6)France(7)range (8)very(9)latter (10)that(11)mistaken (12)quality