【参考答案详细解释版】大学英语六级模拟试卷529

【参考答案详细解释版】大学英语六级模拟529 Model Test Four Part ? Writing ( 30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students' Social Responsibilities. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 许多大学生缺乏社会责任感，比如„„ 2. 造成这种现象的原因 3. 大学生应如何履行自身的社会责任 College Students' Social Responsibilities Part ? Reading Comprehension ( Skimming and Scanning) ( 15 minutes ) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. The Shy Architect Casting about for someone to run a big family firn when a successful tyrant is due to retire is usually a troublesome business. When the firm is still controlled by the same family that founded it back when John D. Rockefeller was gobbling up refineries in Cleveland, it becomes still more daunting. Add the fact that the ruling family is Parsees, a small Zoroastrian sect who have been intermarrying in India for over a thousand years, and the odds of finding someone who is up to the job lengthen again. The "individualist" or" loner" Yet after indifferent early reviews, Ratan Tata has transformed the Tata group, of which he is chairman. When he took over from his uncle, J. R. D. Tata, it was a troublesome conglomerate(企业集团) with stakes in a huge collection of companies that seemed likely to wither in the face of foreign competition. Now it makes foreign acquisitions and ventures into unfamiliar markets. Tata Steel's bidding war with CSN, a Brazilian firm, over Corus, an Anglo-Dutch steelmaker, is just one example of the once-staid group's new boldness. Mr. Tara was recently voted Indian of the year by viewers of an Indian television channel, beating both Sachin Tendulkar, India's greatest cricketer, and Aishwarya Rai, the country's most famous screen goddess. And he has succeeded partly because he is what his friends call an individualist, and others might call a loner. Mr. Tata does hot like publicity and avoids the platforms and applause of conferences. He lives frugally, does not drink or smoke and seems baffled by the idea of time spent not working. Asked what he would do with it, he usually replies that he would walk his dog along the beach near Mumbai. He does not seem to be motivated by money, and talks constantly about fairness and doing the right thing. "I want to be able to go to bed at night and say that I haven't hurt anybody." Mr. Tara says twice in the course of an interview at a hotel in New Delhi owned by the sprawling group. Mr. Tata became chairman in 1991, just as India's economy was opening up. His uncle, who had run Tata for more than 50 years, had started Tata Airlines (which became Air India) and was to India what Gianni Agnelli of Fiat was to Italy. He was a good-looking philanthropist (慈善家) with a French wife and held the first pilot's licence to be issued in India. His shy and unglamorous nephew, in contrast, trained as an architect at Cornell University, joined quietly into the family firm and was not marked out for the succession even when his: uncle was due to retire. Despite all the glory that surrounded J. R. D., when he retired in 1991, Tata was a group of companies ill-equipped to deal with the changes about to sweep through India. It earned most of its money in old-fashioned industries that had grown fat during the centrally planned" licence raj", when the government set limits on how much firms were allowed to produce and protected them from foreign competitors. The stakes held by the family in many of the 300-odd companies in the group were tiny, and the main Tata businesses were run as independent fiefs by men much older than Mr. Tata. They might have expected Mr. Tata, who had never held an executive position, to leave them alone. Instead, he retired them, improving their pensions to soften the blow. He sold stakes in some companies and used cash from the sales and revenue from Tata Consultancy Services, India's largest IT firm, to reinforce control of those that remained. There are now a mere 96 companies in the group, and Tata Sons now owns at least 26% of each of them. That has made the portfolio a little easier to manage, but it leaves Mr. Tata more isolated at the top. Shortly after he became group chairman, Mr. Tata also decided that Tata Motors would make its own cars, even though a joint venture with a foreign firm would have been easier. Critics grumbled that a good truck business was about to be destroyed for the sake of an ill-conceived vanity project. But after a difficult start, Tata Motors is now India's second-biggest carmaker by sales. "If he had listened to what everyone told him, he would never have done it." notes one of Mr. Tata's friends. First, do no harm Although he has made Tata's big businesses more competitive and more inclined to look beyond India's borders -- Corus would be just the latest in a series of foreign acquisitions -- Mr. Tata has also run it in keeping with Tata's public-spirited tradition. Two-thirds of Tata Sons is owned by charitable trusts that frequently help the poor to improve the standard of living in India. The firm is known for refusing to pay bribes and for treating workers well. The children of Tata's steelworkers were given free education back in 1917. Foreign investors sometimes wonder if this is good for business. "At first I didn't have an answer, "Mr. Tata says." But then I asked myself am I competitive? Yes. And this is the way companies are moving. " Mr. Tata's latest car project -- producing a vehicle that will sell for under ,3,000 -- combines two of the things that keep him from those walking along the beach: securing the fortunes of the family group and pleasing a highly developed sense of fairness. The factory will be in West Bengal, a state chosen partly because it is in need of industrial development. West Bengal's government is eager for the investment, but Tata Motors has faced protesting farmers, a politician on hunger strike and, Mr. Tata thinks, commercial rivals trying to prevent the birth of a more affordable car. Tata Motors is sticking it out, and expects to secure the land to build its new plant at the end of the month. Now Mr. Tata wants to prove Tata companies can compete in the rich West as well as in the unpredictable but hugely promising markets of the developing world. What's more, Mr. Tata wants to set the group solidly on a path to achieving all this before he retires. The barrel-chested tycoon hasn't named a successor or said when he plans to step down. He'll turn 70 in December, but he still has a vice-like handshake, and associates are amazed at his command of technical details of the various Tata companies. That makes his failure to designate a successor all the more disconcerting. Some even question whether his departure might spur the group's breakup. "Who will be the glue?" worries one veteran insider. "Will there even be a central leader?" Ratan could even be the last Tata to oversee the group. The Tata family tree, on display at a company museum, stretches back 800 years through generations of Parsi priests, an Indian minority descended from Persians. Though Ratan leads the family to unprecedented prosperity at present, it has to end with Ratan himself -- single and childless. Mr. Tata is due to retire in December 2012, when he reaches 75. That will leave the group with a familiar succession problem. Meanwhile, he is heading the government's investment commission, which works to increase foreign investment. And he may be about to create one of the largest steelmakers in the world. Not bad for a shy architect. 1. The fact that Parsees are ruling the family firm makes finding a successor ______. A) difficult B) hopeful C) uncertain D) convenient 2. What can we learn about Tata group before Ratan Tata took over it? A) Ratan Tata has transformed the Tata group. B) A huge collection of Tata companies are cumbersome conglomerates. C) It may be tough for Tata group to face competition outside. D) There was no transformation in the Tata group. 3. "What Gianni Agnelli of Fiat was to Italy" referred in the passage implies ______. A) Mr. Tata's uncle is important to India B) Tata Airlines is important to India C) Mr. Tata's uncle is dispensable to India D) Tata Airlines is dispensable to India 4. What is the reason that Tata benefit in old-fashioned industries remarkably? A) The centrally planned "licence raj". B) Government policies. C) No firms were allowed to produce. D) Few competitors. 5. Mr. Tata retired people running the main Tata businesses in order to ______. A) mitigate the blow B) sell stakes in some companies C) strengthen control of companies D) make the management of portfolio easier 6. When Mr. Tata leads Tata's big business to the world outside India, he still ______. A) conforms to the custom B) does good works in India C) refuses to pay bribes and treats workers well D) provides all workers' children for free education 7. What can we learn about the new car factory in West Bengal? A) It will provide cars for the rich. B) Mr. Tata is busy with this project. C) Industrial need is the sole reason of choosing the factory address. D) Government and farmers reach an agreement. 8. It is amazing that despite his old age Mr. Tata, facing a variety of Tata companies, is familiar with their ______. 9. The Tata family cannot help but terminate because Ratan is ______. 10. When Mr. Tata retires, the Tata group will designate a ______. Part ? Listening Comprehension ( 35 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 11. A) Boss and secretary. B) Landlord and tenant. C) Professor and student. D) Bank clerk and customer. 12. A) She likes Mexican food very much. B) She likes to go out dancing. C) She will celebrate his birthday. D) She accepts the man's invitation. 13. A) He feels hot. B) He feels comfortable. C) He feels cold. D) He feels crowded. 14. A) He will say goodbye to Cindy. B) He will drink with Cindy. C) He will marry Cindy. D) He has been with Cindy for three years. 15. A) He will take a coffee break. B) He will keep on working. C) He will go for a work. D) He will begin with the report. 16. A) Chocolate flavored. B) Garlic flavored. C) Mint flavored. D) Fruit flavored. 17. A) Work load. B) Writing the service guide. C) Coffee. D) Holiday plans. 18. A) The man has only two clocks in his bedroom. B) The yellow clock keeps the right time. C) The black clock is ten minutes slow. D) The green clock is ten minutes ahead of time. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) He has finished the first draft. B) He has just got started. C) He has finished the outline. D) He has handed the paper in. 20. A) Responsible but too direct. B) Responsible and nice. C) Helpful and patient. D) Strict and picky. 21. A) Have dinner with him. B) Write the paper for him. C) Help him with the paper. D) Go to classes with him. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A) Because the old one needs more energy. B) Because the old one is still in good conditions. C) Because they couldn't afford buying a new one. D) Because the old one doesn't match the style of the bathroom. 23. A) The man always keeps the kitchen clean when he cooks. B) The woman only has to wash dishes after every meal. C) The man approves of buying a dish-washer. D) The woman once broke two plates when washing dishes. 24. A) August 8th. B) September 9th. C) July 10th. D) November 11th. 25. A) Some paint and a dish-washer. B) A power-shower and a dish-washer. C) Some paint and a blender. D) A dish-washer and a blender. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) People who eat fish and eggs but no beef or milk. B) People who eat fish and beef but no pork or eggs. C) People who eat fish but no beef or chicken. D) People who eat fish but no beef or cheese. 27. A) Because it can give people enough nutrition. B) Because it can give people more endurance. C) Because it can give people a longer lifespan. D) Because it can give people a positive attitude towards life. 28. A) Vegetarians don't need animal meat to get proper nutrition. B) Fish should not be included in vegetarians' diet. C) Animal food is suitable for the human body's structure. D) Vegetarians will be lacking in protein because they don't eat meat. Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) On the last Saturday of March. B) On the third Saturday of March. C) On the last Sunday of March. D) On the third Sunday of March. 30. A) 80 countries and over 4,000 cities. B) 76 countries and over 2,000 cities. C) 102 countries and over 5,000 cities. D) 88 countries and over 4,000 cities. 31. A) France, America and Greece. B) The Philippines, Greece and Australia. C) Britain, Italy and Canada. D) The Philippines, Canada and Austria. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A) She was a farmer. B) She was a cow. C) She was a rescuer. D) She was a horse. 33. A) A school gym. B) A school yard. C) A park. D) A parking lot. 34. A) She was taken good care of by some stranger. B) She was lucky enough to survive the flood by herself. C) She was still waiting for Nancy to help her. D) She was taken away by the flood and drowned. 35. A) How a farmer helped her cow in the flood. B) How a cow helped her owner in the flood. C) How the rescuers helped a farmer in the flood. D) How Red Cross helped the victims of flood. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times, when the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Legendary actress Katherine Hepburn died at the age of 96. She held the record for winning the most Oscars for Best Actress. She won four. In addition, she was (36) at the top spot 12 times. In all, she made 42 movies. Hepburn's first (37) came on Broadway. By the early 1930s, Hollywood was courting her. But when she arrived, her unconventional behavior raised eyebrows. She was (38) , and wore slacks at a time when women didn't. Hepburn won her first Academy Award in only her third movie, her 1933's Morning Glory. Her career had its (39) and downs following that. She was (40) for the role of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind. It was another (41) comedy with Grant that brought her back. In an unusual move for the time, she bought the (42) to The Philadelphia Story and (43) the director and her leading man. With Woman of the Year in 1942, she began to cooperate with Spencer Tracy. (44) . Their ninth and last film together was Guess Who's Coming to Dinner in 1967. She won an Oscar for her work in that film and earned her third the following year for The Lion in Winter. On Golden Pond brought her an unprecedented fourth Academy Award. Hepburn's final role came in Love Affair in 1994. Through many unforgettable films like The African Queen, (45) Strong-willed, Intelligent, and independent. That's the image Katherine Hepburn projected in her acting career. (46) . Part ? Reading Comprehension ( Reading in Depth ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2. Conventional wisdom says that it is better to be a large company than a small one when credit is tight. Bigger firms have more room for maneuver(机动):They have access to more types of funding, they have more fat to cut, and they have greater bargaining power with lenders. Even so, life is getting ever more uncomfortable for the bigger beasts of the corporate jungle. According to the Federal Reserve's most recent lending survey, American banks are tightening terms more aggressively for bigger firms than for smaller ones. Lenders are more cautious than they have been at least since 1990. The story among European banks is similar. Lenders in emerging markets can be more suspicious of multinational firms than they are of locals. "We just don't know what they've got on their balance-sheets back home," says one bank boss in Africa. Violent movements in exchange rates are causing additional headaches, says Andrew Balfour of Slaughter & May, a law firm. Calculations of financial ratios can be thrown out by wild currency movements, potentially triggering breaches of loan agreements. Companies with sterling-denominated credit lines may find that their facilities are not big enough as a result of the pound's recent sharp fall, for instance. It is not panic stations yet. Most firms can survive for a while with the credit tap turned off. Analysis by Moody's, a rating agency, shows that the vast majority of highly rated companies in America and Europe have enough headroom, in the form of cash and undrawn bank facilities, to be able to survive for 12 months without needing new financing. European corporate-debt markets have seen a rare flurry(惊慌) of issues in the past few days by opportunistic, highly rated firms. Governments are also working hard to prop up credit markets. The Fed's program to buy commercial paper, a form of short-term company debt, had acquired almost ,300 billion by November 26th. Banks on both sides of the Atlantic are issuing lots of government-backed bonds, which should encourage lending. 47. It is believed to be easier for bigger companies during the tight period, for they have larger space for ______. 48. The attitude of the lenders in emerging markets towards multinational firms can be described by the word ______. 49. What might be the consequential result of violent movements in exchange rates? 50. Many American and European companies with high rate can still live by themselves for a year for their ______. 51. What kind of measures is being taken by banks along Atlantic? Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One It has become a cliche among doctors who deal with AIDS that the only way to stop the epidemic is to develop a vaccine against HIV, the virus that causes it. Unfortunately, there is no sign of such a thing becoming available soon. The best hope was withdrawn from trials just over a year ago amid fears that it might actually be making things worse. As a result, vaccine researchers have mostly gone back to the drawing board of basic research. Meanwhile, the virus marches on. Last year, according to UNAIDS, the international body charged with combating it, 2.7 million people were infected, bringing the estimated total to 33 million. Reuben Granich and his colleagues at the World Health Organization (WHO), though, have been exploring an alternative approach. Instead of a vaccine, they wonder, as they write in The Lancet, whether the job might be done with drugs. In the spread of any contagious disease, each act of infection has two parties, one who already has the disease and one who does not. Vaccination works by treating the uninfected individual prophylactically (预防地). Since it is" impossible to say in advance who might be exposed, that means vaccinating everybody. The alternative, as Dr. Granich observes, is to treat the infected individual and thus stop him being infectious. For this to curb an epidemic would require an enormous public-health campaign of the sort used to promote vaccination. But that campaign would be of a different kind. It would have to identify all (or, at least, almost all) of those infected. It would then have to persuade them to undergo not a short, simple vaccination course, but rather a drug regime that would continue indefinitely. The first question to ask of such an approach is, could it work in principle? It is this that Dr. Granich and his colleagues have tried to answer. Using data from several African countries, they have constructed a computer model to test the idea. In their ideal world, everyone over the age of 15 would volunteer for testing once a year. If found to be infected, they would be put immediately onto a course of what are known as first-line antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). These are reasonably cheap, often generic, pharmaceuticals (医药品) that, although they do not cure someone, do lower the level of the virus in his body to the extent that he suffers no symptoms. They also -- and this is the point of the study -- reduce the level enough to make him unlikely to pass the virus on. For the 3% or so of people per year for whom the first-line ARVs do not work, more expensive second-line treatments would be used. 52. What can we learn about AIDs vaccine based on the passage? A) It is conventionally believed to be the only way to cure HIV. B) It will be available to the public over several years. C) Vaccine researchers are still marching on for their best hope. D) Vaccination tries to treat the infected. 53. As is stated in the passage, the principle of the alternative approach is that ______. A) it tries to vaccinate everybody by preventing them from infected B) it treats the individuals infected to prevent them from spreading C) it tries to deal with all the contagious diseases D) it persuades the infected patients to have a vaccination course 54. What does the author tell us about Dr. Granich and his collegues and their trials? A) They use data from some African countries and other poor countries. B) They want to find out whether the alternative approach can function. C) The first-line antiretroviral drugs are effective in curing patients. D) Their study is to let the patients have no symptoms of AIDs. 55. We can infer from the word "ideal" in the last paragraph that ______. A) researchers' design is too unrealistic B) everyone dreams an ideal world they can test C) people over 15 receiving tests once a year is just what researchers conceived D) it is impossible for everyone over 15 to test once a year 56. Which of the following is based on the passage? A) Reuben Granich is certain that drug approach is a way out. B) Both vaccinations and drugs require public-health campaign. C) Alternative approach volunteers will receive a definite drug regime. D) People receiving first-line ARVs should all go on being treated. Passage Two There has rarely been a tougher time to be a carmaker, Squeezed by the credit crunch, rocked by the seesawing price of oil and now faced with a nasty recession as the banking crisis infects the real economy, the traditional markets of North America, western Europe and Japan, already sluggish (行动迟缓的) for several years, have all but packed up. In America car sales are running at about 16% below last year's level. Detroit's struggling big three -- General Motors, Ford and Chrysler- are in dire(可怕的) straits. They have gotten a ,25 billion bailout from Congress and are now looking for much more. In Europe the market is also collapsing. Sales in Japan this year are expected to be the lowest since 1974. However, not all is doom and gloom. Mature vehicle markets may be close to saturation (饱和), but there is huge unsatisfied demand in the big emerging car markets of Brazil, Russia, India and China (the so-called BRICs). Although not immune from the rich countries' troubles, they are likely to suffer much less. For one thing, levels of personal debt are far lower and a smaller proportion of cars are bought on credit. For another, the BRIC economies have been expanding so fast that even a slowdown should still leave them with growth rates that look respectable to Western eyes. One measure of the BRIC countries' new importance to the car industry is that, recession or not, global car sales in 2008 may still hit an all-time record of about 59 million. For the first time passenger-vehicle sales in the BRICs, at around 14 million, are likely to overtake those in America, which are expected to be the worst since 1992. As recently as 2005 America outsold them by over 10 million. By the end of this decade China, already the world's second-biggest market, will probably overtake America's sales of 16 million-17 million in a "normal" year. In Brazil sales have increased by nearly 30% in each of the past two years. It is the irresistible combination of rapid economic growth, favorable demographics (人口特征) and social change in the BRICs that is coming to the carmakers' rescue and that is likely to account for nearly all their growth for the foreseeable future. America has more than 900 cars (including light trucks) for every 1,000 people of driving age. When times are hard, an American family that already has two or three cars will simply postpone buying a new one. But a potential customer in an emerging market who has been saving for years to buy his first car will still want to go ahead. As Carlos Ghosn, the boss of the Renault-Nissan alliance, put it at this year's Beijing motor show: "Nothing can stop the car being the most coveted product that comes with development." 57. What can we learn about the situations in traditional market from the first paragraph? A) It is hard for carmakers for the hiking oil price. B) General Motors, Ford and Chrysler are all in a dilemma. C) Traditional markets in America began to be inactive this year. D) Sales this year will get to the lowest in America. 58. What does "not all is doom and gloom" mean in the second paragraph? A) The difficult situation in America is just temporary instead of permanent. B) The mature vehicle markets are not doomed to suffer the gloom. C) Not all vehicle markets are suffering such a gloomy situation. D) Only carmakers in Detroit are undergoing the difficult situation. 59. The situation of BRICs is that ______. A) their car markets still have huge demand B) people owe lower debt and no one buy cars on credit C) their car markets suffer little for the immunity from financial crisis D) no slowdown should ever occur to their economy 60. What does the author want to show us by the figures in paragraph three? A) BRICs play an important role in car industry. B) BRICs' car sales hit a record high in 2008. C) America has been outsold by BRICs. D) China has been the second-biggest market. 61. If by any chance the ongoing financial crisis worsens, what may happen according to the passage? A) The American family may sell one of their cars. B) The slowdown may leave BRICs no space for growth rates. C) People in emerging markets will still want to buy their cars. D) BRICs' potential customers may turn to save more instead. Part ? Cloze ( 15 minutes ) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Overnight success usually takes at least 10 years. One man said, "My overnight success was the longest night of my life, I (62) many days and nights (63) getting there. "Remember," Rome was not built in a day. "Many people are waiting for their, ship to come (64) -- when they've not even (65) it out of the harbor. You see, winners (66) do what losers don't want to do. And they keep doing it till they get the success they want. Success is mostly just (67) on after others have let go! So the most important trip you'll make is when you go the (68) mile. Many people who (69) did not know how close they were to success when they gave up. People don't (70) fail, they just (71) too easily. One guy said," The secret to success is to start from (72) and to keep on scratching. "Don't quit (73) your trying times are hard. The great inventor, Thomas Edison, tried a (74) experiment hundreds of times, but didn't work. So his assistant said to him, "It's too bad that we did all that work without any results." But Edison said," Oh, we have lots of results! We now know 700 things that won't work. " Never forget, delay does not always mean (75) . If we hold (76) and hold on. We can (77) almost anything we want. The British Prime Minister Winston Churchill said, "Never, never, never, never give up! " And the American President Calvin Coolidge said, "Nothing can (78) success like persistence. Talent cannot, for there are many talented people who are not successful. Education will not, for the world is full of (79) losers. Only persistence and determination can give you the (80) to succeed. "You see, you can succeed just like (81) else, just keep wanting it enough and to keep working for it enough. So why not decide it today to start going the extra mile on the road to your success? Just think a minute... 62. A) took B) paid C) spent D) used 63. A) just B) even C) only D) yet 64. A) on B) up C) back D) in 65. A) took B) sent C) put D) pushed 66. A) barely B) absolutely C) singly D) simply 67. A) moving B) hanging C) keeping D) going 68. A) excess B) special C) spare D) extra 69. A) succeeded B) defeated C) failed D) frustrated 70. A) indeed B) actually C) factually D) truly 71. A) quit B) stop C) exit D) leave 72. A) scratch B) scrape C) scrimp D) scrabble 73. A) although B) but C) because D) if 74. A) very B) specific C) definite D) certain 75. A) rejection B) denial C) refusal D) disagreement 76. A) out B) along C) in D) forth 77. A) accustom B) accompany C) accomplish D) accommodate 78. A) lead B) take C) give D) bring 79. A) educating B) educated C) education D) educational 80. A) power B) force C) energy D) potential 81. A) everybody B) someone C) anyone D) others Part ? Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 82. _____________________ (要是提前问我的话), I would have given you his address. 83. He is a manager, so he must _____________________ (熟悉客户生意上的详情). 84. It has been announced that _______________________ (新的研究结果使癌症这一难题日渐明朗). 85. ___________________ (因为现代化仪器操作的复杂性), most offices require secretaries to have specified training. 86. You're five minutes late. I suggest that ______________________(你不应该这样不顾后果). Key to Model Test Four Part I Writing College Students' Social Responsibilities If you Google" the 71st anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre" (in Chinese) on the Internet, you will be impressed by the video show of a girl's special commemoration. After watching the video, I was wondering where college students were. Taking into consideration their indifference to other historic events such as the May 4 Movement, we can conclude that college students lack the due social responsibility. However, we should not simply criticize their indifference, and analysis should be made to reckon with underlying reasons. Firstly, college students are imposed excessive pressure by the job market. They have to pay more attention to their studies. Secondly, many students believe that the history has already been borne in mind, and it is unnecessary to commemorate them each year. For them, it is better to internalize the humiliated history and work hard than to hold ceremonies without some concrete contents. To my wav of thinking, college students should not keep silent on those occasions. It is our responsibilities to voice our intentions and let the society know that we have not forgotten the history. [写作点拨] 本文要求考生就大学生的社会责任感进行论述。在布局上，根据题目中给出的三个提纲来展 开即可。第一段可以通过描述大学生不太积极参与历史纪念日等活动这一现象，指出他们缺少一定的社会 责任感。第二段探求造成这种现象的原因，考生可用如下的论据:就业压力越来越大，大学生把更多精力 投入到了学业中;许多人已经通过中学的历史课了解此类事件，认为不必流于形式;也有人认为努力学习 就是最好的不让历史重演的行动。第三段说明大学生应该如何履行自身的社会责任，要言之有理。 Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1(A)。 [定位] 由题干中的Parsees定位到文章首段最后一句Add the fact that the ruling family is Parsees, a small Zoroastrian sect who have been intermarrying in India for over a thousand years, and the odds of finding someone who is up to the job lengthen again. [精解] 本题十分容易定位。句中的the odds of finding someone who is up to the job lengthen again 的意思是 “要找到一个合适人选的机会就更加渺茫了”;另外，根据第一段中troublesome“棘手的”和daunting“令 人畏缩的”也可以推断出本题答案为A)。 2(C)。 [定位] 由题干中的Ratan Tara和took over定位到原文第一个小标题下第一段第二句When he took over from his uncle, J.R.D. Tara, it was a troublesome conglomerate with stakes in a huge collection of companies that seemed likely to wither in the face of foreign competition. [精解] 选项A)发生在Ratan Tata接任集团主席一职之后，而并非接任之前，故错误。对于选项B)提到的 “塔塔集团控股的一系列公司均是令人感到棘手的联合企业”，与该段第二句的原意“塔塔集团是一个令 人感到棘手的联合企业”不符，故错误。选项C)是... seemed likely to wither in the face of foreign competition的同义转述，故正确。选项D)的内容原文中没有提到，故错误。所以，本题答案为C)。 3(A)。 [定位] 由题干中的What Gianni Agnelli of Fiat was to Italy定位到原文第一个小标题下的第三段第二句 His uncle, who had run Tata for more than 50 years, had started Tara Airlines (which became Air India) and was to India what Gianni Agnelli Of Fiat was to Italy. [精解] 根据语法知识容易判断作为并列连词and前后的had started 和was 均是his uncle的谓语。原文 中的to India是插入语，what Gianni Agnelli of Fiat was to Italy是what引导的宾语从句作谓语动词was的宾 语。在句子成分中，Gianni Agnelli等同于his uncle，Fiat(菲亚特，一种汽车的品牌)等同于Tata Airlines， Italy等同于India，因此该句用类比的手法说明Mr. Tata's uncle在印度的地位举足轻重。所以，本题答案为 A)。 4(B)。 [定位] 由题干中的in old-fashioned industries定位到原文第一个小标题下的第四段第二句It earned most of its money in old-fashioned industries that had grown fat during the centrally planned "licence raj", when the government set limits on how much firms were allowed to produce and protected them from foreign competitors. [精解] 题干中的benefit与原文中的earn most of its money属同义转述。根据原文意思可知limits on how much firms were allowed to produce以及protected them from foreign competitors均属于政府政策，故B)为本 题答案。 5(C)。 [定位] 由题干中的running the main Tata businesses定位到原文第一个小标题下的第五段;再由retire定位 到第三、四句Instead, he retired them, improving their pensions to soften the blow. He sold stakes in some companies and used cash from the sales and revenue from Tata Consultancy Services, India's largest IT firm, to reinforce control of those that remained. [精解] 题干中的people running the main Tata businesses是原文该段第一句中the main Tata businesses were run by men much older than Mr. Tata 的同义转述，in order to是目的状语。根据该段意思可知，正是由于公 司元老们对公司持股量过于集中，所以Mr. Tata才令其退休以加强对公司的控制权。选项C)中的 strengthen 与原文中的reinforce属同义转述，故C)为本题答案。 6(B)。 [定位] 由题干中的Tata's big business定位到原文第二个小标题下的第一段第一句Although he has made Tata's big businesses more competitive and more inclined to look beyond India's borders... Mr.Tata has also run it in keeping with Tata's public-spirited tradition. [精解] 题干中的leads Tata's big business to the world outside India是原文inclined to look beyond India's borders的同义转述，故其后的内容就是答案所在。选项B)中does good works与原文keep with Tata's public-spirited tradition是同义转述，故B)为本题答案。 7(B)。 [定位] 由题干中的car factory和West Bengal定位到原文第二个小标题下的第二段第一句Mr. Tata's latest car project—producing a vehicle that will sell for under ,3，000 —combines two of the things that keep him from those walking along the beach... [精解] 定位句后半句提到keep him from those walking along the beach，其中keep from的意思是“使„„远 离„„”，这从侧面说明塔塔先生因为新汽车厂的事情而非常忙碌，故本题答案为B)。 8(technical details [定位] 由题干中的amazing和a variety of Tata companies定位到原文倒数第三段第二句He'll turn 70 in December, but he still has a vice-like handshake, and associates are amazed at his command of technical details of the various Tata companies. [精解] 题干中的it is amazing是原文中的associates are amazed at的同义转述。题干中的a variety of等同于 原文中的various，均是“多种多样”的意思。而题干中的is familiar with与原文中的at his command of属 于同义转述，故command of后的内容technical details即为本题答案。 9(single and childless [定位] 由题干中的the Tata family定位到文章倒数第二段最后一句话Though Ratan leads the family to unprecedented prosperity at present, it has to end with Ratan himself —single and childless. [精解] 题干中的cannot help but terminate“不得不终止”，与原文中的has to end属于同义转述。因此，end with后的内容即为答案所在。再根据题干可知，空格处应填入single and childless。 10(Successor [定位] 由题干中的Mr. Tata retires定位到文章最后一段第一、二句话Mr. Tata is due to retire in December 2012, when he reaches 75. That will leave the group with a familiar succession problem. [精解] 此处需填入名词性成分。原文中leave the group with a familiar succession problem 即是答案所在，但 是题干中的designate“任命”作为主句的谓语，其后必须接指代人的名词，故应填入successor。 Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 11. W: Mr. Peterson, how do you decide what grade we get? M: All of your coursework is important, including everything from attendance and homework to your entire test results for the semester. Q: What's the relationship between the two speakers? C)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项的内容推测本题是在考查人物之间的关系。 [精解] 根据对话中的关键词grade，coursework，attendance，homework可以推知两人为师生关系。故本题 答案为C)。 12. M: My sister's birthday is on the 9th. We're going to have dinner at a Mexican restaurant, and then maybe go out dancing. Would you like to come? W: Sounds like fun. You can count me in. Q: What does the woman mean? D)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均为陈述句，且主语均为she，故推测本题提问有关女士的相关情况。 [精解] 对话中，男士说9号是他妹妹的生日，他们会去一家墨西哥餐馆吃晚饭，然后去跳舞，问女士是否 愿意去;女士说听起来很有趣，也算她一个。故D)为本题答案。 13. M: It's like an oven here. You must be roasting. Can I open a window and get some fresh air in? W: Actually, I'm just fine with it. But just go ahead, if you like. Q: How does the man think of staying in the room? A)。 [听前猜测] 从四个选项可以推测本题提问男士的感受。 [精解] 对话中，男士抱怨女士所在的地方像一个烤箱(oven)，并提议打开窗户通风;女士说她觉得还好， 但是也不介意开窗。故本题答案为A)。 14. M: You know, I have been with Cindy for about two years. And both of us think it's time to say goodbye to the single life. W: That's great. Well, a drink to you and Cindy. Congratulations! Q: What can we learn about the man? C)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项中均出现了he和cindy，故推测对话有关两人的相关情况。 [精解] 对话中，男士说他已经和Cindy在一起两年了，他们都认为是时候告别单身生活了;女士说太好了， 为了你和Cindy，干杯!祝贺你们!故本题答案为C)。 15. W: What keeps you so busy? You've been sitting there for hours. You've got to walk around. Let's take a coffee break. M: Well, I wish I could, but I'm up to my neck in work. I've got to finish this report. Sarah needs it by noon. Q: What is the man going to do? B)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项的结构均为“He will+动词”，推测本题提问男士将要做什么。 [精解] 对话中，女士建议男士喝杯咖啡休息一下;男士回答说他也希望能休息一下，但是工作太多了，他 必须完成，因为Sarah中午的时候就要。故本题答案为B)。 16. M: Whoa, look at all those ice cream choices! Well, I always have the chocolate flavored; maybe I should try something new, like the garlic or the mint flavored. W: That could be interesting. But I think I will stick with my favorite kind, the fruit flavored. Q: What kind of ice cream is the woman's favorite? D)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项相同的结构和关键词flavored推测本题提问某种食物的口味。 [精解] 对话中，男士面对种类众多的冰激凌时，决定尝试一种新的口味;女士则决定还是选择她最喜欢的 水果口味。因此水果口味的冰激凌是女士的最爱，因此本题答案为D)。 17. M: Thank God! I've finished writing that annual report! It takes me almost a whole week. Well, no more overtime, and no more headaches! W: Well, I'm glad to hear it. Have a cup of coffee! Q: What are they talking about? A)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均为名词或名词性的短语，推测可能提问对话主题。 [精解] 对话中，男士为完成年度报告而高兴，因为他为此花了足有一个星期，他希望不再加班了;女士也 为男士完成工作高兴，并给男士一杯咖啡。因此对话的主题是工作，故A)为本题答案。 18. W: Hey, you have so many clocks in your bedroom. But is there something wrong with your clocks? None of them has the same time. M: I do it on purpose. I set this yellow clock ahead ten minutes, and this black one back ten minutes, but I always set that green one to the right time. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? C)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项中的关键词组clock, keeps the right time, slow, ahead of time推测对话内容与男士 的时钟是否准时有关。 [精解] 对话中，女士对男士拥有多个时钟不解，而且每个时钟的时间各不相同;男士说他是故意这样做的， 黄色的时钟比正常时间快10分钟，黑色的慢10分钟，而绿色的时钟则是准时的。故本题答案为C)。 Conversation One M: How is your term paper coming along? W: I have just finished the draft, and handed it in to Miss Harper. M: Whoa, you are really a doer. (19)I planned to start writing the main body today. What did Miss Harper say about your draft? W: Well, she suggested! reconsider the whole structure of my paper, as she saw no links between Chapter Three and the whole theme. M: Oh, so what are you going to do? W: Miss Harper advised me to delete Chapter Three, and enrich the other chapters. She also recommended a few books. I think that will be of great help. And I'm going to the library this afternoon. M: I wish I could have Miss Harper be my supervisor. She tends to help her students with patience. W: Who is your supervisor, then? M: Mr. Simpson. (20) You should know that he is famous for being strict, or rather, picky. W: In my opinion, Mr. Simpson is quite responsible, though sometimes he seems to be too direct. All in all, he is quite nice. M: If you were in my shoes, I'm sure you wouldn't say so. (19) Anyway, I have revised the outline at least three times to meet his requirements. That's why I fall far behind you. W: Just as the saying goes, a strict master brings up accomplished disciples. You are lucky enough to have Mr. Simpson be your supervisor. M: You've got a point there. (21)Do you mind my going to the library with you together? Maybe you could give me some advice on writing the term paper. W : Of course not. I'll gladly do what I can to help. 19(How is the man's term paper coming along? C)。 [听前猜测] 根据结构相同的四个选项和关键词first draft, outline, paper可推测本题提问男士的进度。 [精解] 男士在开始的时候说他打算写论文的主体部分(I planned to start writing the main body today)，后面又 说他对提纲已经修改了三次(I have revised the outline at least three times... )可知男士已经完成了论文的提 纲，故本题答案为C)。 20(What does the man think of Mr. Simpson? D)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均为评价某人的品质的形容词的并列结构，推测本题提问某人的品质。 [精解] 根据对话中男士说的You should know that he(Mr. Simpson)is famous for being strict, or rather, picky. 可知，Mr. Simpson很严格，也很挑剔。故D)为本题答案。 21(What does the man ask the woman to do? C)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均为动词短语，推测本题是在就某事提问。 [精解] 对话中，男士示希望可以和女士一起去图书馆学习，以期得到女士在写论文方面的建议，故本题 答案为C)。 Conversation Two W: Dad says we should make a wish list for the redecorating. M: The kitchen walls could really do with a lick of paint. W: Yeah, there are quite a few tomato stains from all your great Italian cooking, Tim! M: Art comes at a price, you know. W: Yes, chef. Well, I think a power-shower would be fantastic. M: (22)There's nothing really wrong with the one we've got, is there? W: Well, I suppose it works OK. But it doesn't match the style of our bathroom. M: Who cares? We only need a shower. What's more, doesn't the power-shower use more energy? W: OK, let's talk about it later. M: So what else do you want to have on the wish list? W: How about a dish washer? I'm far too sick of washing dishes after every meal every day. Besides, I have a lot of other housework to do. M: Everybody in this family has to share the chores; it's a rule, you know. (23)Anyway, I think a dish washer may be a good idea; at least it won't spill the water on the floor everywhere. W: Hey, don't try my patience. You didn't do any better than me. Last time when I had a fever, you offered to help, and you broke two plates. Don't you remember? M: OK, I'm sorry. Oh, I nearly forgot that there is something wrong with the blender. The motor in it doesn't work. We need to buy a new one. W: Don't we have a free repair? How long is the guarantee time? M: (24) Six months. And we bought it in March 7th, or 8th... W: No, March 10th. Here is the receipt. And tomorrow is the deadline. We must hurry, or we will lose another 120 dollars. 22(Why does the man disapprove of buying a new power-shower? B)。 [听前猜测] 根据各个选项均出现的because可推测本题提问做某事的原因。 [精解] 对话中，女士提议买一个电力淋浴器;男士回答说There's nothing really wrong with the one we've got,可知男士反对的原因是旧的还能用，并没有出现问题。故本题答案为B)。 23(What can we learn from the conversation? C)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项中的关键词keeps the kitchen clean, cooks, wash dishes, buying a dish-washer 推测 本题提问有关家务分工或是否购买洗碗机的问题。 [精解] 女士提议买一个洗碗机时，男士说I think a dish washer may be a good idea(我认为买一个洗碗机是个 好主意)，故本题答案为C)。 24(What's the date today according to the conversation? B)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均表示日期，推测本题提问某事发生的日期。 [精解] 对话中提到搅拌器的保修时间是六个月，于3月10日购买的，保修的最后日期是明天，因此可得 出今天是9月9日，故B)为本题答案。 25(What will they buy according to the conversation? A)。 [听前猜测] 根据各选项，可以推测本题提问需要购买的物品。 [精解] 对话一开始便提到要用油漆遮盖墙壁上的污点，中间又提到有必要买一个洗碗机，因此本题答案为 A)。 Section B Passage One Nowadays, some vegetarians do not eat any meat products or any food made from animal, including milk products, eggs and honey. This kind of diet is called a vegan diet. But most vegetarians include dairy products in their diet and many vegetarians eat eggs. (26)Some people consider themselves partial vegetarians, because they do not eat meat or farm birds, but they do eat fish. A study has shown that the human body's structure is actually not suited for animal meat consumption. Moreover, during animal produce, people may use drugs which might have side effect on human health. With a vegetarian diet, you may not have to worry about these possible health risks. (28) Plant food is a direct source of more nutrients compared to animal food. Especially when vegetarian diets are well planned, you can be sure that you will be getting proper nutrition that you need, which is necessary for good health. Too often, it has become a common misunderstanding that nutrition from meat consumption is better than vegetarian nutrition. Normally, vegetarians have more endurance than those who eat meat. Vegetarians can still get adequate amounts of protein by increasing intake of wheat, whole grains and vegetables without meat. (27) Moreover, the nutrition that a vegetarian diet provides can give you a healthier body and a positive attitude towards life, which can lead to a better quality of life. In fact, vegetarians are known to live longer lives than meat eaters. 26(According to the passage, who are partial vegetarians? C)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项相同的结构“People+定语从句”，推测提问某种类型的人。 [精解] 文章中提到Some people consider themselves partial vegetarians, because they do not eat meat or farm birds, but they do eat fish.，故可知partial vegetarian不吃肉或家禽，但是吃鱼，故本题答案为C)。 27(Why can a vegetarian diet lead to better quality of life? D)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项均出现的because可推测本题提问做某事的原因。 [精解] 文章的结尾处提到the nutrition that a vegetarian diet provides can give you a healthier body and a positive attitude towards life, which can lead to a better quality of life，由此可知D)为本题答案。 28(What can we learn from this passage? A)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项所表达的意思各不相同，出现了关键词vegetarians, nutrition, diet, animal food, protein 等，由此可推测本题提问饮食方面的相关情况。 [精解] 文章中提到Plant food is a direct source of more nutrients compared to animal food... you can be sure that you will be getting proper nutrition that you need, 由此可知素食者并不需要靠吃肉来获得足够的营养。故本 题答案为A)。 Passage Two Earth Hour is a global event organized by World Wide Fund for Nature. (29) It is held on the last Saturday of March annually, asking households and businesses to turn off their non-essential lights and other electrical appliances for one hour to raise awareness towards the need to take action on climate change. "Earth Hour" began in Sydney in 2007. On March 31st, 2007, 2.2 million residents of Sydney participated by turning off all non-essential lights. As an added bonus, Sydney residents joining the movement said they could see more stars than ever during that night. After that, "Earth Hour" spread around the world at an amazing speed. In 3 years, it has grown into one of the world's largest joint actions dealing with climate change. Earth Hour 2009 was from 8: 30 p. m. to 9: 30 p. m. local time, March 28, 2009. (30) 88 countries and more than 4,000 cities joined Earth Hour 2009, ten times more cities than Earth Hour 2008 had. Among the participants in 2009 was, for the first time, the United Nations headquarters in New York City. The U. N. conservatively estimates that its participation will save ,102 in energy. Reports show that (31) the Philippines topped the Earth Hour participation as 647 cities and towns or over 15 million Filipinos were estimated to have joined in the hour-long lights-off at 8:30 - 9:30 PM local time. (31) This was followed by Greece with 484 cities and towns participating, and Australia with 309. 29(When is Earth Hour held every year? A) [听前猜测] 四个选项内容均表示日期，故听录音时要格外注意此类信息。 [精解] 文章开始便提到“地球一小时”活动于每年三月最后一个星期六举行。故本题答案为A)。 30(How many countries and cities joined Earth Hour 2009? D)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项结构一致，只是在数字上略有差异，因此要注意数字信息。 [精解] 文中提到参与Earth Hour 2009活动的国家有88个，参与城市有4000个以上，是2008年的10倍。 故本题答案为D)。 31(Which three countries topped the Earth Hour participation in 2009? B)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均为国家名称的并列结构，推测本题是在对具有某种共性的一些国家提问。 [精解] 文章最后提到2009年最踊跃参加“地球一小时”活动的国家是菲律宾，其次便是希腊和澳大利亚。 故本题答案为B) Passage Three Six consecutive days of spring rain had created a raging river running by Nancy Brown's farm. As She tried to herd her cows to higher ground, she slipped and hit her head on a fallen tree think. The fall knocked her out for a moment or two. When she came to, (32) Lizzie, one of her oldest and favorite cows, was licking her face. The water was rising. Nancy got up and began walking slowly with Lizzie. The water was now waist high. It was quite hard to walk in the water. Nancy's pace got slower and slower. Finally, all she could do was to throw her arm around Lizzie's neck and try to hang on. About twenty minutes later, Lizzie managed to successfully pull herself and Nancy out of the raging water and onto a bit of high land, a small island now in the middle of acres of white water. Even though it was about noon, the sky was so dark and the rain and lightning so bad that it took rescuers another two hours to discover Nancy. A helicopter lowered a paramedic, who attached Nancy to a life-support hoist. (33) They raised her into the helicopter and took her to the school gym, where the Red Cross had set up an emergency shelter. When the flood finally subsided two days later, Nancy immediately went back to the "island". (34) To her great grief, Lizzie was gone. She was one of nineteen cows that Nancy lost. "I owe my life to her," said Nancy sobbingly. 32(Who was Lizzie? B)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个选项的结构推测本题是在提问某人/某个动物的身份。 [精解] 文中提到Lizzie, one of her oldest and favorite cows，由此可知Lizzie是一头奶牛。故本题答案为B)。 33(What did the Red Cross use as an emergency shelter? A)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项都是表示地点的名词，推测本题是在就地点提问。 [精解] 文章中提到救援队救出了Nancy后把她送到了the school gym, where the Red Cross had set up an emergency shelter，由此可知A)为本题答案。 34(What was the most probable end to Lizzie? D)。 [听前猜测] 四个选项均为陈述句，且主语均为she，推测提问she的状况。 [精解] 文章的结尾提到当两天之后，洪水终于退了，Nancy立刻回去寻找Lizzie, To her great grief, Lizzie was gone. She was one of nineteen cows that Nancy lost.，由此推测Lizzie最有可能的结局是被洪水卷走了，故 D) 为本题答案。 35(What does the passage mainly talk about? B)。 [听前猜测] 根据四个结构相同的选项的内容推测提问文章的大意。 [精解] 整篇文章讲述的是一头奶牛如何在洪水中帮助她的主人的故事，因此B)为本题答案。 Section C 36(nominated [听前猜测] 根据句意可知此处应填入一个动词的过去分词以构成被动语态。 37(success [听前猜测] 根据前面的first和后面的谓语可知此处应该填入一个名词作主语。 38(outspoken [听前猜测] 观察整个句子，此处缺少表语。 39(ups [听前猜测] 此处应该填入一个名词与downs对应，如果考生知道ups and downs则可直接得出答案。 40(rejected [听前猜测] 根据句意可知此处应填入一个动词的过去分词构成被动语态。 41(sophisticated [听前猜测] 此处应填入一个形容同来修饰comedy。 42(rights [听前猜测] 此处应该填入一个名词作bought的宾语。 43(chose [听前猜测] 根据句意可知此处应填入一个动词，与bought并列。 44(Their onscreen chemistry in a series of groundbreaking comedies was unmistakable 45(the public's love affair with her earned her this distinction the American Film Institute's honor as Hollywood's Greatest Female Screen Legend 46(Between the role she played and the life she lived, she changed perceptions about what women could do and be Section A Part ? Reading comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47(maneuver [定位] 由题干中的the bigger company和easier可将本题定位于第一段前两句Conventional wisdom says that it is better to be a large company than a small one when credit is tight. Bigger firms have more room for maneuver... [精解] 由定位句可知人们一贯认为在信贷紧缩时期大公司要比小公司好，因为大公司有更大的操作空间 (more room for maneuver)，由题干larger space与more room同义，可知本题答案为maneuver。 48(suspicious [定位] 由题干中的The attitude of the lenders in emerging markets可将本题定位到第二段第四句Lenders in emerging markets can be more suspicious of multinational firms than they are of locals. [精解] 由定位句可知在新兴市场，相比当地的公司而言，贷方更加怀疑跨国公司，因此新兴市场贷方的态 度也可用怀疑(suspicious)一词来形容，故本题答案为suspicious。 49(It may potentially trigger breaches of loan covenants. [定位] 由题干中的consequential result和violent movements in exchange rates将本题定位于第三段第二句 Calculations of financial ratios can be thrown out by wild currency movements, potentially triggering breaches of loan covenants. [精解] 本题考查汇率变化幅度太大会产生的后果。由定位句可以看出，剧烈的货币运动会使金融比率一文 不值，也就造成贷款契约遭到破坏的危险。因此本题答案是It may potentially trigger breaches of loan covenants. 50(enough headroom [定位] 由题干中的American and European companies... live by themselves for a year可将本题定位到第四段 第二句... the vast majority of highly rated companies in America and Europe have enough headroom, in the form of cash and undrawn bank facilities, to be able to survive for 12 months without needing new financing. [精解] 由介词for可知空白处应填入名词性的词语，来解释高利率公司可以继续独立支撑一年的原因。由 定位句可以看出，美国和欧洲这些公司可以继续存活12个月的原因是，他们尚有足够的空间(enough headroom)，故本题答案为enough headroom。 51(Issuing lots of government-backed bonds. [定位] 由题干中的banks along Atlantic可将本题定位于最后一段最后一句Banks on both sides of the Atlantic are issuing lots of government-backed bonds... [精解] 由定位句可知，大西洋两岸的银行都在发行大量的政府支持债券来鼓励贷款，因此本题答案是 Issuing lots of government-backed bonds。 Section B Passage One 52(A) [定位] 由题干中的AIDs vaccine可将本题定位于第一段第一句It has become a cliche among doctors... the only way to stop the epidemic is to develop a vaccine against HIV... [精解] 事实细节题。由定位句可知，医生们一贯认为艾滋疫苗是对抗艾滋的唯一途径，A)符合题意。 [避错] 第一段第二句提到Unfortunately, there is no sign of such a thing becoming available soon，可见这种 疫苗不会马上面市，B)错误;第三、四句提到The best hope was withdrawn from trials... As a result, vaccine researchers have mostly gone back to the drawing board of basic research，可见研究员们原来的美好愿望已在 实验中破灭了(目前只能投入到最基本的研究之中，C)错误。第三段第二句提到Vaccination works by treating the uninfected individual prophylactically，可见疫苗是给那些未受感染的个人注射的，D)错误。 53(B)。 [定位] 由题干中的the principle of the alternative approach可将本题定位于第三段第四句The alternative... is to treat the infected individual and thus stop him being infectious. [精解] 事实细节题。由定位句可知，另一种(alternative approach)的指导思想是治疗那些受到感染的患 者，让其不再传染给他人， B)符合题意。 [避错] 第三段第二句提到Vaccination works by treating the uninfected individual prophylactically，可见A)中 给所有人注射疫苗，让其免受感染是疫苗治疗的指导思想，A)错误;整篇文章都在探讨对抗艾滋病的方法， 因此这里所说的alternative approach也是针对艾滋病而言，并不是所有的传染病，C)太过宽泛，错误;第 三段最后一句提到It(alternative approach)would then have to persuade them to undergo not a short, simple vaccination course, but rather a drug regime that would continue indefinitely, 可见另一种方法是让患者接受药 物治疗，并不是简单的疫苗注射过程，D)错误。 64(B)。 [定位] 由题干中的Dr.Granich和their trials可将本题定位于最后一段第一、二句... could it work in principle? It is this that Dr. Granich and his colleagues have tried to answer。 [精解] 推理判断题。由定位句可知，Dr. Granich和其同事们想要通过研究知道这一方法能否起作用，B) 符合题意。 [避错] 本段第三句提到Using data from several African countries... ，可见实验数据来自非洲一些国家，并 没有提到其他的较为贫穷的国家，A)错误;第六句提到These are reasonably cheap, often generic... although they do not cure someone... 可见第一次的ARVs并不能将患者治愈，C)错误;本句后半句提到... do lower the level of the virus in his body to the extent that he suffers no symptoms，可见这一方法可以使感染者体内的病毒 在很大程度上降低，但这并不是本次研究的目的，D)错误。 55(C)。 [定位] 由题干中的ideal可将本题定位于最后一段第四句In their ideal world, everyone over the age of 15 would volunteer for testing once a year. [精解] 语义理解题。定位句指的是Dr. Granich和其同事们的实验设想，即每个人在15岁以后每年都会自 愿接受一次检查，但是现实生活中这个设想并不一定能得到实施，C)符合题意。 [避错] 本段第三句提到Using data... constructed a computer model to test the idea，可知Dr.Granich和其同事 们的实验有数据和模型的支持，并非不现实，A)错误;B)对原文理解有误，其实 their ideal world中their 指的是Dr.Granich和其同事们，并不是所有人，B)错误;D)中impossible用词过于绝对，错误。 56(B)。 [定位] 本题是对整篇文章的考查。 [精解] 事实细节题。第三段第五句提到to curb an epidemic would require an enormous public-health campaign of the sort used to promote vaccination，可见无论是疫苗还是药物疗法都需要大型的公共活动， B)符合题意。 [避错] 第二段第一句提到Reuben Granich and his colleagues... have been exploring an alternative approach, they wonder... whether the job might be done with drugs，可见关于是否可以用药物来治疗艾滋病这一构想仍 在研究之中，A)错误;第三段最后一句提到... persuade them to undergo ... a drug regime that would continue indefinitely，可见患者接受药物治疗的期限并不明确(indefinitely)，C)错误;最后一段最后一句提到For the 3%or so of people per year for whom the first-line ARVs do not work, more expensive second-line treatments would be used，可见并不是所有接受第一次治疗的患者都会接受第二次治疗，D)错误。 Passage Two 57(B)。 [定位] 由题干中的the situations in traditional market可将本题定位于第一段第一句There has rarely been a tougher time to be a carmaker. [精解] 事实细节题。作者首先在定位句中提到了传统汽车市场的困难处境，然后开始对其进行具体说明; 其中第一段第四句指出Detroit's struggling big three —General Motors, Ford and Chrysler —are in dire straits(窘迫的境遇)，可推知General Motors，Ford and Chrysler三大汽车制造商现在进退维谷，B)符合题意。 [避错] 第一段第二句指出... rocked by the seesawing price of oil... 可见传统汽车市场的压力来自不稳定的油 价，并不是油价飙升(hiking oil price)，A)错误;第二句后半句指出the traditional markets... already sluggish for several years，可见三大传统市场发展缓慢的状态并不是从今年开始的，C)错误;本段最后一句提到Sales in Japan this year are expected to be the lowest since 1974，可见是日本的销售量可能达到最低值，并不是美国， D)错误。 58(C)。 [定位] 根据题干可将本题定位于第二段第一句However，not all is doom and gloom. [精解] 语义理解题。作者在第一段描述了三大传统汽车市场的惨淡前景;接着用however引出第二段，指 明新兴市场的需求仍处于未饱和状态。可见他的意思是说，并不是所有的汽车市场都不景气，C)符合题意。 [避错] 第一段作者描述了传统汽车市场的不景气现状，但并没有说这种情况是暂时与否，A)错误;第二段 第二句提到Mature vehicle markets may be close to saturation... ，所以才会遭受目前的惨淡，B)错误;第一 段第四句提到 Detroit's struggling big three... are in dire straits，但它们仅仅是一个典型，并不是说其他传统 市场就相安无事，西欧和日本的汽车产业同样在遭受这种情况，D)错误。 59(A)。 [定位] 由题干中的the situation of BRICs可将本题定位于第二段第二句... but there is huge unsatisfied demand in the big emerging car markets of BRICs... [精解] 事实细节题。由定位句可以看出，与汽车市场已经饱和的美国、欧洲和日本相比，这金砖四国仍有 大量汽车需求，A)符合题意。 [避错] 第二段第四句提到levels of personal debt are far lower and a smaller proportion of cars are bought on credit，可见新兴市场中有很少一部分汽车是靠信贷买来的，并不是没有人靠信贷买车，B)错误;第二段第 三句Although not immune from the rich countries' troubles, they are likely to suffer much less，可见他们也受到 金融危机的影响，只是后果不怎么严重，C)错误;第二段最后一句提到even a slowdown should still leave them with growth rates，意思是说经济发展速度减缓后，他们仍有增长的空间，并不是说其经济发展不会减速， D)错误。 60(A)。 [定位] 由题干可知本题是对第三段内容的考查。 [精解] 推理判断题。第三段第一句提到One measure of the BRIC countries' new importance to the car industry is that... ，可知本段主要说明金砖四国对汽车产业的重要性，无论是其销售量创纪录，还是可能超过美国都表明四国的重要性，A)符合题意。 [避错] 其余三项都是对其中一个数据的解释，并不能概括本段多个数据出现的原因，都不够全面，故均排除。 61(C)。 [定位] 由题干、If ... financial crisis worsens可将本题定位于最后一段前两句When times are hard, an American family that already has two or three cars will simply postpone buying a new one. But a potential customer in an emerging market who has been saving for years to buy his first car will still want to go ahead. [精解] 推理判断题。由定位句可知，经济困难时期，美国已经拥有汽车的家庭可能会推迟买新车，但是新兴市场的消费者仍然想购买自己的汽车，因为他们已经储蓄了很久了，C)符合题意。 [避错] 由定位句可知，有车的美国家庭会推迟买新车的计划，并没说会卖掉自己已有的汽车，A)错误;第二段结尾处提到 even a slowdown should still leave them with growth rates，B)错误;由精解可知新兴市场的消费者仍然会买车，而不是转向储蓄，D)错误。 Part ? Cloze 62(C)。 [精解] 固定搭配题。本题所选的动词与many days and nights搭配，后文又出现getting there，符合spend的用法:sb. spend some time doing sth.，因此本题答案为C)。 63(A)。 [精解] 逻辑衔接题。本句的意思是:我熬过了许多的日日夜夜才到达那一步。强调了达到目的的艰辛。 just意为“仅仅，只是”，符合文意，故A)为本题答案。 64(D)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本题考查come搭配介词的使用。本句的意思是:很多人等待他们的命运之船驶入。根据后文中out of the harbor也可判断句意。理解了句意，即可判断D)in为本题答案。 65(B)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本题考查动词的辨析。这句话意为:其实这些船压根就没有开出港。所选之词需与文中的out搭配，B)sent搭配out意为“送出，发送”，符合文意。 66(D)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本句的意思是:胜利者只是做了失败者不想做的事。作者在这里是为了表达“成功其实没有什么难的”，因此使用D)simply“仅仅，只不过”，强调“简单，不困难”最为合适。 67(B)。 [精解] 固定搭配题。本句的意思是:成功不过是在别人都离开的时候你还仍然能坚持。因此所填之词应与介词on构成含义为“坚持”的词组，由此可判断本题答案为B)hanging。 68(D)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。根据上下文以及选项可以判断，文中想表达的意思为“多走了一段”。A)excess意为“过度的，无节制的”，含有贬义;B)special “特殊的”，没有“额外的”含义;C)spare意为“多余的，剩下的”，均不符合文意。只有extra表示“额外的”符合题意，故D)为本题答案。 69(C)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本句的意思是:许多„„人在放弃的时候，他们不知道自己离成功有多近。所填词修饰people，由上下文意思可知，这里应该是指那些失败的人。故本题答案为C)。 70(B)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。B)actually意为“事实上，真正地”。符合文意，为本题答案。 71(A)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本句的意思是:人们只是放弃的太早了。A)quit有“放弃，抛弃”之意，表示“离开了奋斗之路”，符合文意，故A)为本题答案。 72(A)。 [精解] 固定搭配题。本题考查形近词的辨析。解答本题必须理解本句的含义，本句的意思是:成功从零开始，并且要坚持不懈。这几个词中只有A)scratch与介词from搭配成词组from scratch意为“从零开始”，故本题答案为A)。 73(C)。 [精解] 逻辑衔接题。在后文中作者举了爱迪生做实验的例子，这句话正是起到了引起下文的作用。爱迪生的例子说明了不要因为尝试的艰难就放弃，因此本题答案为C)because。 74(D)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。这里的意思是:某一个试验。D)certain表示“某一个”。 75(B)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本句的意思是:大器晚成不意味着一无所成。B)denial意为“否认，否定”，符合题意。 76(A)。 [精解] 固定搭配题。这句话利用两个hold词组，后一个hold on的意思是“继续”。几个选项与hold搭配分别构成:hold out“维持”;hold in“约束，抑制”;hold forth“滔滔不绝”。而along不可与hold搭配。因此 A)最为合适， 77(C)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本题为形近词的辨析。文中的意思是:只要坚持不懈，我们可以达到任何想要的成功。选项中只有C)accomplish“达到，实现”，符合文意。 78(D)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。bring表示“带来”，引申为“产生，引起”，文中意思为:没有什么像坚持不懈那样能够给人们带来成功。故D)为本题答案。 79(B)。 [精解] 逻辑衔接题。这里的意思是:世界上充满了受过教育的失败者。因此应使用过去分词educated。故B)为本题答案。 80(A)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。文中“成功的力量”强调的是一种能力。A)power指“身体上、精神上或心理上的力量”，不管是表现出来的还是潜在的，最为合适。 81(C)。 [精解] 语义衔接题。本句作者想要表达“任何其他人”，只有C)anyone符合题意。 Part ? Translation 82(Had you asked me in advance/beforehand [考点] ?省略与倒装;?“提前”in advance/beforehand。 [点拨] if可引导与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件句用过去完成时，主句用过去将来完成时，即If ... had done, ... would have done. 当条件从句置于句首时，可以省略if，句子将局部倒装，即“had+主语+动词分词”。 83(acquaint himself with the details of his clients' business affairs [考点] ?acquaint sb. with sth. 熟悉或了解某事物;?“生意”business affairs。 [点拨] 由题干中动问acquaint，可知本题考查其用法;其一般搭配为acquaint sb./oneself with sth. 意为“使某人/自己熟悉或了解某事物”。 84(the new study may shed light on cancer [考点] ?主语从句;?“使„„明朗”shed light on sth.。 [点拨] 由it作形式主语引导的主语从句，从句部分应为完整的句子结构。 85(Because of the complexity of the modern equipments [考点] ?“因为”because/because of;?“复杂性”complexity;?“现代化仪器”modern equipments。 [点拨] 后半句为完整句子，中间又以逗号隔开，因此前半句要处理成短语或从句。 86(you should not do it with out regard to consequences [考点] ?“suggest+ that从句”结构;?“不顾后果”without regard to consequences。 [点拨] suggest作“建议”讲时，其后可用that引导宾语从句，从句中谓语动词为“should+动词原形”，其 中 should可以省略。