[讲解]阅读理解原文

[讲解]阅读理解 阅读理解原文 001 阅读01 Butterflies are common all over the world, but the ones in hot countries are usually bigger and more brightly colored than those in cooler countries and there are more different kinds. Usually the male butterflies more brightly colored than the female. The female have bigger and heavier bodies, since they carry the eggs. The gay (鲜艳的) colors of the male help to attract (吸引) the female and the duller colors of the female make them less likely to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs. Some butterflies have a bright pattern of colors on the upper surface of their wings, which show when they fly, but when they rest on a tree or leaf, they close their wings. On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown markings which look like the tree or leaf. They are then difficult to see. The best example of this is the Dead Leaf Butterfly. When its wings are close, it looks exactly like a dead leaf. There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf. When a bird is chasing a butterfly, and it close its wings, it seems to have disappeared completely. Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes. When they are resting, and their wings are folded, these cannot be seen. When a bird sees one, and begins to attack it, the butterfly opens its wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it, and it is frightened to fly away. The other day I heard an American say to a Chinese student of English "You speak very good English." But the student answered, "No, no. My English is very poor." The foreigner was quite surprised at the answer. Thinking he had not made himself understood or the student had not heard him clearly, he said, "Yes indeed, you speak English very well." But the Chinese student still kept saying "No". In the end the foreigner gave up and was at a loss what to say. What's wrong with the student's answer? It is because he did not accept a compliment(赞美的 话)as the English people do. He should have said "Thank you" instead of "No". He actually understood what the American had said. But he thought he should be modest. If he said "Thank you", that would mean he was too proud. According to the western culture, if someone says the dishes you have cooked are very delicious, you should say "Thank you". If someone says to a Woman "You look so beautiful with the new clothes on", she should be very happy and answer "Thank you". In our country we think being modest is a virtue and showing off a bad thing. But in the west, if you are modest and say "No, I'm afraid I can't do it well", then the others will take it for granted that you really cannot do it. If you often say "No", you will certainly be looked down upon by others. When asking for a job, if one says something like "Let me have a try on the job" instead of "Yes, I can certainly do it," he or she will never expect to get it. So in the west one should always be confident. Without self-confidence, he cannot go anywhere. Confidence is of great importance to one in a country where competition is quite keen. Why was the American surprised at the Chinese student's answer? A(Because he wondered whether the student could really speak good English. B(Because he could hardly hear what the student had said. C(Because he wouldn't like others to say "No". D(Because the way to accept a compliment in China is not the same as that in the western countries. I'd been living with my wife for eight years and one night “morn” says, “I guess you guys are never gonna get married. I mean, you've been through jail together, you' e living together, but.., oh, forget it.” “Oh, well,” I said, “put it like that and I'll marry your daughter tomorrow.” Actually, I don't know what we were waiting for, except that for a guy it's never the right time to get married. I' m also suspicious of any two people who don' t struggle with that decision. Part of my problem was that I was still lusting in my heart after other ladies. But somehow I knew that I wasn't going to find another woman remotely as great as my soon-to-be wife. It's a good thing my mother-in-law finally spoke up. I finally gathered my courage one day when we were having a picnic, and popped the question. I also gave my wife a big tourist pamphlet about Switzerland. I wasn't taking any chances. She said no. It killed me. I felt sick to my stomach. I lost my appetite. Our dog just stared at me, thinking, “If you're not going to eat your lunch, I will.” Finally, I said, “But the Switzerland trip is yours if you say yes.” “Switzerland,” she said, “is filled with precise, humorless people.” “Maybe I should have suggested Paris?” For a minute it seemed as if my change in travel plans would rate a solid “maybe”. But she said no again.When we woke up the next morning, she told me that she'd slept on my proposal. “I guess I was a little rude to you last night,” she explained. Meanwhile, I' m figuring I' m off the hook for this marriage thing for at least another eight years. I could afford to be generous. “I asked, you said no. It's okay,” I said. I might have looked a little too relieved because later that day she gave me a little box. Inside was a gold watch. On the back was inscribed. “Yes. I've reconsidered.” I liked the watch, so I did the right thing. 46. The reason why the man had waited so long was that he_________. [ A ] didn' t think eight years was long enough [ B ] suspected that husband and wife would often quarrel [ C ] didn' t think he was ready to propose to her [ D ] was waiting for his mother-in-law' s approval 47. The man proposed to the woman because _________. [ A] he realized he could find no other woman better [ B ] he was afraid that the woman might leave him [ C ] he was eager to visit Switzerland with the woman [ D ] he could finally overcome his fear for marriage 48. By saying “I could afford to be generous.” (third paragraph from the bottom) the man implied that he__________. [ A ] wouldn' t care too much if he stayed single [ B ] could take her to a better place than Paris [ C ] was rich enough to support his wife [ D ] didn't care what she thought about his proposal 49. The last sentence “I did the right thing” implied he_________. [ A ] traveled with his wife [ B ] had a successful marriage [ C ] liked the watch very much [ D ] waited for another eight years 50. The best title for this text would be___________. [ A ] How My Mother-In-Law Helped Me [ B ] How I Received a Gold Watch I Liked [ C ] How I Made My Wife Travel With Me [ D ] How I Came to Marry-My Wife Our analysis therefore suggests that the real problem facing the black community lies in the educational obstacles prior to the Ph. D. programs rather than in the pour-in of foreign students. Equally, our analysis suggests that we ought to treat foreign students as an important source of brain gain for us and that we ought to facilitate, rather than hinder, their arrival and their entry into our work force. How could this be done? There is a long-standing provision in our immigration laws under which those who bring in a certain amount of financial capital (which will "create jobs") are allowed to immigrate: A foreigner who invests one million dollars in a commercial enterprise established in a high-unemployment area, which creates jobs for at least ten Americans, is automatically given immigrant status (i.e., a green card). We suggest extending the idea from financial to human capital. Currently, graduate students who wish to stay on in the United States after their Ph. D. s must be sponsored by their employers, a process that imposes substantial hardship both on the students and on smaller employers. The standard procedure is in two stages. First, the U. S. Department of Labor must, on the basis of a U. S. employer's sponsorship, certify that "no American can do this job." Then, the would-be immigrant must apply for immigrant status at the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). If all goes right, the entire process takes about two years (considerably more for citizens of certain countries). But things may not go right: there could be problems at either stage. Thus, the employer or the "alien" must hire an immigration lawyer. The current process, then, is costly both to the would-be immigrant and to the employer (and hence, it unfairly penalizes smaller firms that cannot afford this expensive process and so cannot recruit this foreign talent). The Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1990 introduced an alternative route for professors and researchers to secure immigrant status. Essentially, it eliminates the average processing time to about one year, it does not eliminate any of the uncertainty or the need for expensive legal counsel. We budget that automatic green cards be given to all those who obtain a Ph. D. in the science and engineering programs at our universities. In adopting such a "guaranteed green card" proposal, we would be recognizing the important contribution that these students make to our leading position in science by giving equal weight to human capital and financial capital. Prior to this text, the author has most probably made an analysis of ______. A(brain gain in the United States. B(the cause of problems of the black people. C(the U. S educational programs for blacks. D(the procedure of foreign students' immigration. Why isn’t a dollar worth as much as it used to be ? One dollar is always worth the same amount , that is , 100 cents. But the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. The value of money depends on the cost of living. Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay for the necessities of life such as food, hou sing or rent , clothes, and medical expenses. For many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. When a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it. No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up . As workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time , if there’s a shortage of goods, the prices also go up. For example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. When companies keep gas from buyers, they can also make the price of gas go up. Families need to know what happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. A budget is a list of monthly expenses. If your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. Maybe you’re spending too much on entertainment. Or if you’re spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. Budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases. 21. According to the writer, what is the value of a dollar ? A. 100 cents B. Things it can buy C. The cost of living D. The amount of work you do for it 22. What will happen to the value of the dollar when the cost of living increases? A. The dollar will not be worth as much as it used to be. B. The value of the dollar will remain to be the same amount. C. The value of the dollar will increase greatly. D. None of the above will happen. 23. Why does the cost of living keep increasing ? A. Workers are always poorly paid. B. Producers offer more and more goods. C. People want to buy more and more goods. D. Government does less and less to stop it. 24. Why do families need to know what happens to their money? A. To have a better life B. To make more money C. To avoid loss of money. D. To prevent from being poor. 25. What can we learn about “budget” in the passage? A. The money you’ve already spent in a month. B. The things you are not going to spend money on every month. C. The ways you find to save money to meet the cost of living. D. The expenses you plan to meet every month according to your Trees are useful to man in three important ways: they give him wood and other useful things, they give him cool places, and they help to stop drought(干旱) and flood. Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that the third of these points is the most important. Man wants to make money from trees,so he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees. So the forests slowly disappear. This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees. The results are even worse: for where there are trees, their roots(根) break up soil-make the rain in-and also bind(固定) the soil, thus stopping it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich top-soil. When all the top-soil is gone, nothing is left but useless desert. 1.The most important points of trees to man is that ________. A.they help him to make money B.they give him cool C.they give him wood and other things D.they help him to stop drought and floods 2.In many places forests slowly disappear because ________ . A.many trees have been cut down by man B.new trees are not well looked after C.man has not paid enough attention to planting trees D.all the above 3.Land becomes desert(荒地) after all trees are cut down because ________ . A. roots of trees break up the soil B. there are too many rainfalls C. strong winds bring a lot of sand D. there are no longer trees to keep the rain and protect the top-soil. 4.Which title best fits the passage? A.Trees and Man B.The Function of Tree Wood C.How do People do with Trees? D.The Usage of Tree Roots 5.What’s the main idea of this passage? What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work .So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs. Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal work or cookery(烹饪术)and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or car