2005年10月-2012年1月自考公关礼仪历年真题及答案

2005年10月-2012年1月自考公关礼仪历年真题及答案 2005年10月 一、单项题选择题 1(在礼仪礼节方面，人们经过努力所形成的待人处事的风度、素质和能力，一般被称作【 】 A.礼节训练B.礼仪修养C.礼仪伦理D..礼节规程 2(各种礼仪行为和礼仪活动的操作者和实施者称为【 】 A礼仪对象B礼仪客体C礼仪主体D礼仪个体 3(在CIS组织识别系统要素中，“企业的手”是指【 】 A. BIS行为识别系统 B .MIS理念识别系统 C . VIS 视觉识别系统 D . AIS听觉系统 4?在社交场合，当你无意中与别人的目光相遇时，一般不要马上移开，应自然对视【 】 A.1—2秒B.3—4秒C.5—6秒D.7—8秒 5(用于工作场景的服饰属于【 】 A.交际服饰B.休闲服饰C.职业服饰D.礼仪服饰 6(个人在大众媒介“亮相”的实质在于展现其 【 】 A.素质B.仪表C.服饰D.心态 7(在交际活动中，人们应遵循的首要原则是 【 】 A.信用B.守约C.周到D.真诚 8(在公关活动中，人们要做到尊重对方的风俗、习惯，首先要了解对方的。【 】 A.特点B.爱好C.习俗D.兴趣 9(接到邀请后，你回复的形式最好应采用【 】 A.口头形式B.电话形式C.专人回复D.书面形式 10(语言所表达的意思与字面完全相反的幽默语言形式，称作【 】 A.反语B.曲解C.类比D.借题 11(谈判时，每方参加谈判的代表只有1个人。这种谈判称作铲【 】 A.双边谈判B.单独谈判C.私人谈判D.组织谈判 12(在表彰、庆功、总结会上，为祝贺和颂扬某人、某组织而发表的言词称作【 】 A.答谢词B.祝贺词C.感谢词D.表扬词 13(要求有关单位和人员周知、办理或共同执行某项工作而普遍德幂的文种是【 】 A.命令B.指示C.通知D.通报 14(寄往欧美国家的信函，信纸折叠方式通常为【 】 A.竖折B.横折C.横竖折D.随意折 15(中国传统礼仪要求“请帖”正文【 】 A.分段B.不分段C.标点D.不标点 16(上市公司向社会公开发行股票时实行信息披露的必经程序是【 】 A.上市公告沟通B.招股沟通C.报告沟通D.股东大会沟通 17(在股东大会召开前至股东大会闭会时止，需将股票交存于公司股票持有人的是【 】 A.无记名股票持有人B.记名股票持有人C.所有股票持有人D.小股东 18(董事会议可以决定的事务是【 】 A.收回股东股权B.申请人通知C.修改公司章程D.决定公司合并 (开幕典礼致词人的确定须考虑的因素是开幕典礼会的【 】 A.规模与对象B.时间与地点C.目的与任务D.影响程度 19 20(企业新闻发布会主持人一般是【 】 A.公关部负责人B.营销部负责人C.广告部负责人D.宣传部负责人 21(在社会组织中，负责审核评定其向社会进行赞助项目的机构是【 】 A.董事会B.经理公办会C.赞助委员会D.公关委员会 22(在国际交往中，公认的“对等”原则实际上就是【 】 A.礼尚往来B.一视同仁C.不受歧视D.绝对一致 23(中国和西方国家在人生价值观方面的不同表现是【 】 A.中国重义轻利，西方利益至上 B.中国自然观的核心是“征服自然”;西方强调“天人合一” C.中国是开放的价值体系，西方是封闭的价值体系 D.中国重实验，西方重知觉 24(泰国人姓名按照习惯都有冠称。关于冠称的提法，正确的是【 】 A.成年男子为“坤”，已婚妇女为“乃” B.成年男子为“乃”;已婚妇女为“娘” C.男孩为“德英”;女孩为“德猜” D.已婚妇女为“乃”;未婚独女为“娘少” 25(世界佛教徒联合会总部设在【 】 A.纽约B.斯里兰卡C.西藏D.曼谷 26(不能用左手握手、递物、敬茶的教徒属于【 】 A.佛教徒B.基督徒C.东西教徒D.伊斯兰教徒 27(埃及人大多信仰【 】 A.佛教B.基督教C.道教D.伊斯兰教 28(中国的国名剃称是【 】 A.东方丝国B.樱花之国C.神龙之国D.千佛之国 29(喀麦隆国名源义为 “和” 【 】 A高地.B.富裕C.人类D.龙虾 30(美国的国歌是 【 】 A.祖国B.千年颂C.星条旗颂D.自由颂 二、多项选择题 3l(在企业文化建设的诸层次中，与礼仪关系最密切的层次有【 】 A.企业习俗与仪式B.企业精神C.企业文化网络D.企业环境E.企业价值观 32(从广义来说，装饰品可分为【 】 A.首饰B.配件C.戒指D.领带E.项链 33(公关活动空间一般可分为【 】 A.亲密空间B.集体空间C.个人空间D.社交空间E.公共空间 34(委婉语的功能可概括为【 】 A.直言曲折B.目的性强C.曲径通幽D.针锋相对E.追求谦和 35(求职信的写作要注意【 】 A.称呼顶格写B.推荐自己并提出要求C.语言准确通顺D.结语、落款不可少E.实事求是 36(组织内部纵向交往的原则主要包括【 】 A.尊重人B.关心人C.理解人D.维护人E.拉拢人 37(组织赞助的形式有【 】 A.现金B.实物C.义卖D.义工E.支票 38(下列关于悬挂国旗的做法，正确的有【 】 A(在建筑物上悬挂国旗，应日出升旗，日落降旗 B.悬旗志哀降半旗，即先将旗升至旗杆，再下降至距杆顶二分之一的地方 C(悬挂双方国旗，通常是“以右为上，左为下” D(升挂国旗，应将国旗置于显著的位置 E(国旗不得用作商标和广告 39(日本人忌讳的数字有【 】 A.1 B.4 C.7 D.9 E.13 40(意大利的国花有【 】 A.紫罗兰B.雏菊C.玫瑰D.葵花E.丁香 三(名次解释 41(社会注视区间:指人们在普通的社交场合采用的注视区间。其范围是以两眼上线和下颌为顶点所连成的倒三角区域。 42(交际礼仪:指人们从事交际活动的行为和规范 43(投诉函:指当人们进行各种商务活动时，遇到一方权益受到侵犯的事情，需要靠自己提出投诉，以解决问题寄发的信件。 44(签字礼仪:是组织与对方组织经过会谈、协商，形成了某项协议或协定，再互换正式文本的仪式。它是一种比较隆重的活动，礼仪规范也比较严格。 45(风俗:是某一国家或民族范围内人群自发重复并相沿承袭的行为，是一种大家共同遵守的、习以为常的、处之泰然的生活方式和习惯。 四，简答题 46(馈赠礼品时应该注意什么问题, 1)明确馈赠的目的性;2)选择礼物的实用性;3)礼物应具有适时、适地、适人、和适俗性;4)馈赠要有守纪性;5)注重礼物的包装和送礼方式。 47(接打电话应注意哪些问题, 1)对待拨错号的情况要友好应付;2)向另一方通报本人姓名和所属单位名称;3)请对方回电话要留下自己的电话号码;4)认真听打电话另一方的谈话;5)向通话一方介绍自己所处的通话场所、通话时在场人员;6)适时结束通话，电话由打电话一方先挂断。 48(网络礼仪包含哪些内容, 1)注意网上礼貌用语，文字准确、简洁、保障网络信息;2)珍惜时间，要及时接受与回复;3)助人为乐，尽可能帮助每一位需要帮助的人;4)尽量使用表情网语 49(简述业务洽谈的基本要求。 1)以准确传递推销信息为基础;2)以满足洽谈双方需要为前提;3)以引起洽谈好感为关键;4)以维护组织产品信誉为目的。 五(论述题50(论述规章制度的构成及其撰写要求。 1)规章制度是章程、条例、办法、细则、规定、条约、守则等的总称;2)规章制度由总则、分则、附则构成;3)总则说明制定规章制度的目的、要求;4)分则写明规章制度的内容;5)附则说明生效时间等。 )注意政策性;7)注意严肃性;8)注意明确性。 6 六(综合题 51(某企业准备参加哈尔滨之夏展销会，请你根据展销会礼仪要求，制定一个参加展销会的纲要。 1: 明确主题思想;2)构思展览结构;3)撰写展览计划书;4)确定时间;5)确定展销会工作人员及责任;6)预测与培训;7)准备展览会辅导设备的相关服务;8)制定展览会经费预算;9)成立专门对外发布新闻的机构;10)做好其它辅助工作和安排好公关活动 ======2006年10月自考 一、单项选择题 1(通过各种有关的事体来传达礼仪信息的媒体是【 】 A.物体礼仪媒B(事体礼仪媒体C.形体礼仪媒体 D(神体礼仪媒体 2(记录战国以前贵族生活中各种礼节仪式的典籍是【 】A(《周礼》B(《仪礼》C(《札记》 D.《尚书》 3(情绪智商(EQ)这一概念的最早提出者是【 】 A(彼得(塞拉维和派克 B(约翰(梅耶和派克 C(斯坦利(M(戴利和约翰(梅耶 D.彼得。塞拉维和约翰(梅耶 4(眼神的礼仪规范中，人们在普通的社交场合采用的注视区间称 【 】 A(公务注视区间B(社交注视区间C.普通注视区间D(事务注视区间 5(个人卫生规范中，牙齿“三?三”制是指【 】 A(每日三餐后的三分钟内要漱口B(每日三餐后的三分钟内要刷牙C.每日三餐前的三分钟内要漱口D(每日三餐前的三分钟内要刷牙 6(在“TPO"审美原则中，属于线型概念的是 【 】 A(时间B(地点 C(场合 D(目标 7(涉外交际活动多采用【 】 A(亲密空间B(个人空间 C(社交空间 D(公共空间 8(人们认为交际礼仪形成是个动态过程，是在风俗和传统变化中形成的行为规范。这是说交际礼仪具有【 】 A(沿习性B(差异性 C(广泛性D(规范性 9(中餐宴请必讲“色、香、味、形、器”，其中“器”是指【 】 A(炉具B(餐具 C(酒具D(餐巾 10(幽默语使用中，以诙谐、幽默的口吻曲解言语而形成幽默的形式叫【 】 A(巧借话题B(曲解词语C(反语D(一语双关 11(正式谈判过程中，双方简要阐述各自的谈判目的、自己希望达成的目标和设想的阶段称为【 】 A(导人阶段B(概说阶段C(明示阶段D(交锋阶段 12(会议结束时，致词人代表组织发表的热情、友好、感谢的言词称【 】 A(答谢词 B(祝贺词C.闭幕词D(开幕词 13(可以传递文字、图像的现代化通讯工具是【 】 A(文件B(传真 C(电报D(电传 14(求职信的特点是【 】 A(单向的B(双向的 C(单一的 D.双重的 15(只要有可能，投诉函应发给【 】 A.公关部经理B(高层负责人C.中层负责人D.基层负责人 16(社会组织用来维系内部关系稳定的手段中，属于“软件”的是 【 】 A(组织领导者B(组织机构C(组织规章D(内部交往礼仪 17(下列属于股东大会普通决议的是【 】 A(董事会、监事会报告的审核与承认 B(修改公司章程,(公司的合并 D(公司的分立 18(股东大会特别决议的通过至少应占出席会议的股东所持表决权的【 】 A.1/2 B.2/3 C.3/4 D.4/5 19(古人言“少则得，多则惑”，展品要以说明问题为 【 】 A(主旨B.主张C(主要D(重要 20(为了更好地做好赞助活动。组织一般要成立的专门机构是【 】 21(A(公关委员会B.赞助委员会C(赞助筹委会D(赞助咨询委员会 21(我国一般在签字厅内设置的签字桌是【 】 A(长方桌B.椭圆桌C(圆桌D(方桌 22(现代国际关系的基本准则是【 】 A(主权平等原则B(女士优先原则C(差异性原则D(外事礼宾顺序原则 23(关于悬挂国旗的做法，错误的是【 】 A(在建筑物上悬挂国旗，应日出升旗，日落降旗 B(悬旗致哀时，通常做法是降半旗，即先将旗升起来至杆顶，再下降至距杆顶相当于杆长二分之一的地方 C(悬挂双方国旗，通常是。以右为上，左为下” D(升挂国旗，应将国旗置于显著的位置 24(不以在哪国举行活动为依据(而以活动举办的主人为依据，这称为 【 】 A(主人标准B(客人标准C(相对标准D(主客标准 25(世界性的佛教组织是【 】 A(世界佛教联合会B(世界佛教联谊会C.世界佛教徒联合会D(世界佛教徒联谊会 26(佛教的基本教义总起来是一个字【 】 A(苦B(难C.忍 D.真 27(日本民族最隆重的节日是【 】 A(端午节B.中秋节C(元宵节D(春节 28(德国的国名别称是 【 】 A(香肠之国B(棉花之国C(钢铁之国D(邮票之国 29(阿根廷的国歌是 【 】 A(让我们拉起手来B(三色旗C(祖国进行曲 D(誓言 30(泰国国名源义为 【 】 A(休养胜地B(山地之王 C.自由之国 D.清真之国 二、多项选择题 31(大而言之，礼仪的环境可归结为【 】 A(社会环境B(自然环境C(人际关系D.地理位置 E(天气状况 32(人们在交际中，眼神的礼仪规范要求注意注视对方的【 】 A(时间B(外表C(位置D(面部E(表情 33(馈赠礼物的时间一般选在【 】 A(传统节日 B(重大纪念日C(临别送行 D(探视病人E(酬谢他人 (从利益的归属划分，谈判可分为【 】 A(单独谈判B(私A谈判C(组织谈判D.混合谈判E(团体锣洲 34 35(文件礼仪常用的种类包括 【 】 A(行政报告礼仪B.请示礼仪C(计划礼仪D(备忘录礼仪 E(传真礼仪 36(组织内纵向交往的具体内容和途径包括【 】 A(举办外部刊物B(举办各种座谈会C(举办各种联谊活动D(礼节性走访E(日常交往 37(组织业务洽谈的基本要求包括【 】 A(以准确传递推销信息为基础 B(以满足洽谈双方需要为前提 C(以引起洽谈方好感为关键 B(D(以维护组织产品信誉为目的 E(以满足对方利益为出发点 38(中国和西方国家在价值观方面的不同有【 】 A(中国自然观的核心是。天人合一，西方强调“征服自然” B(中国重义轻利，西方利益至上 C(中国重人际、重伦理，西方重自然、重自然本质 D(中国重实验。西方重知觉 E(中国把个人的价值归结为道德价值，西方把价值追溯到上帝 39(佛教系统主要包括【 】 A(西传佛教 B(南传佛教C(北传佛教 D(东传佛教E(藏传佛教 40(罗马尼亚的国花有【 】 A(白玫瑰B(圣灵花C(葵花D(丁香 E(莲花 三、名词解释 41(亲密注视区间:指具有亲密关系的人在交谈时采用的注视区间，主要是指对方的眼睛、嘴部和胸部。 42(国宴:是国家元首或政府首脑，为国家庆典或为欢迎来访的外国国家元首、政府首脑，而举行的一种正式宴会，规格最高 43(调查报告:是在各种活动中为了深入了解、研究某个问题或事件，进行调查研究后写成的汇报材料。 44(发布会:指新闻发布会，又称记者招待会。是政府、企业。社会团体或个人邀请各新闻媒介的记者参加，有组织发布有关信息的一种主动传播活动。 45(北传佛教:指汉语系佛教，公元前一世纪前后，印度佛教通过古丝绸之路传入中国，后与中国传统文化——主要是儒家和道家学说相融合 四、简答题 46(交际礼仪有何作用? 1)交际礼仪体现并调节着行为主体的道德水平 ;2)交际礼仪规范并控制着行为主体的交际行为; 3)交际礼仪美化并调整着行为主体的形象。 47(谈判时有哪些接待礼仪要求? 1)迎送礼仪:若为东道主，应有专人负责迎送。以友好的角度协助解决住宿、交通问题。 2)陪同礼仪:主动寒暄，选择恰当的话题交谈，不要盲目谈国际政治新形式或特殊的信仰、习俗等问题。 48(撰写规章制度需注意什么问题? 1)注意政策性——和中央保持一致2)注意严肃性——切实可行、相对稳定3)注意明确性 49(简述洽谈的心理策略 1)充满信心2)事理交融3)沉着应战4)突出功能5)假设刺激6)学会忍耐 五、论述题50(试述网上交往应注意的主要问题。 1)保密原则2)小写原则3)勿扰他人原则4)尊重他人时间原则——不要发表长篇大论，尽快回复 5)尊重他人人格原则——不要发表污秽的言论，复制时与版权人联络，不要使用过火的词语 6)遵守在网络上愉快生活的守则——彼此尊重，宽以待人 六、综合题 51(为扩大知名度，某公司拟出资200万元，赞助即将在中国举办的亚洲男篮锦标赛。请根据赞助礼仪要求制定一份赞助礼仪计划书。 1)赞助的目标、对象、形式2)赞助的财政预算3)赞助的主题4)传播方式5)赞助活动的具体实施 全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1.在中国古代的礼仪中，婚礼属于【 】 A.吉礼B.凶礼C.宾礼D.嘉礼 2.用文字的形式传递礼仪信息的媒介是【 】 A.语言礼仪媒介B.书面语言媒介C.界域语言媒介D.形体语言媒介 3.“第一印象”的形成一般只需【 】 A.6秒B.60秒C.10分钟D.30分钟 4.交际活动中的首要原则是【 】 A.维护形象B.遵守时间C.诚实守信D.注重沟通 5.鞠躬礼源于【 】 A.中国B.印度C.德国D.韩国 6.个人空间交际的距离为【 】 A.0.15米,0.40米之间B.0.40米,1.20米之间C.1.20米,4.20米之间D.4.20米,6.10米之间 7.公关交往的主要手段是【 】 A.演讲B.谈话C.谈判D.招呼 8.在正式谈判过程中，双方旁征博引、列举事实、质询与反驳以争取对方让步的阶段称【 】 A.妥协阶段B.交锋阶段C.协议阶段D.明示阶段 9.在个人与组织、团体、企业之间进行的谈判称【 】 A.组织谈判B.私人谈判C.混合谈判D.团体谈判 10.人们借助语言，说明事件，阐明道理，表达感情，从而影响公众的一种活动叫【 】 A.演讲B.讨论C.磋商D.谈判 11.经过调查研究后预先对一定时期的整体工作或某项工作所作的部署和安排叫【 】 A.报告B.总结C.请示D.计划 12.礼仪要求对重要信函的回复时间应为【 】 A.两周内B.一周内C.48小时D.24小时 一般认为，网络交往的特点是【 】 A .遵纪守法B.公平互动C.友好宽容D.自由自律 l3. 14.表情网语“:-0”所代表的意思是【 】 A.惊讶B.微笑C.苦笑D.眨眼 15.董事会的决议通过时，应该有【 】 122A.以上的董事出席，以上的董事同意B.以上的董事出席，全体董事同意 233 122C.以上的董事出席，出席董事的过半数同意D.以上的董事出席，出席董事的以上同意 233 16.在展览会日期、地点确定后，应举办记者招待会【 】 A.传播信息B.发布消息C.协调关系D.沟通感情 17.展销会是通过实物、文字和图表以及音像影视材料来展销产品的一种【 】 A.展销形式B.促销形式C.营销形式D.行销形式 18.恰当的洽谈心理策略属于【 】 A.礼仪素质B.仪表仪态C.公关心理D.形象意识 19.组织进行文化生活方面的赞助，不仅可以培养与公众良好的感情，而且还可以大大提高组织的【 】 A.经济效益B.局部利益C.整体利益D.社会效益 112320.降半旗志哀时，通常将旗下降至距旗杆顶相当于杆长【 】 A.的地方B.的地方C.的地方D.的地方 233421.小费起源于【 】 A.美国B.法国C.英国D.日本 22.在世界范围内，形成最早的宗教是【 】 A.佛教B.道教C.基督教D.伊斯兰教 23.伊斯兰教的经典是【 】 A.《般若经》B.《古兰经》C.《新约全书》D.《道德经》 24.东正教最为隆重的节日是【 】 A.感恩节B.花节C.圣诞节D.复活节 25.盂兰盆节俗称【 】 A.神节B.花节C.鬼节D.浴佛节 26.在泰国，人们见面时一般行【 】 A.握手礼B.注目礼C.合十礼D.拥抱礼 27.在澳大利亚的圣诞节中，人们要吃【 】 A.鸡蛋B.蛋糕C.甜饼D.冰激凌 28.荷兰的国名别称是【 】 A.樱花之国B.宝石之国C.风车之国D.千湖之国 29.希腊的国歌是【 】 A.千年颂B.独立进行曲C.祖国D.自由颂 30.五月的第二个星期日是【 】 A.美国母亲节B.印度泼水节C.巴西狂欢节D.日本敬老节 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 31.在眼神的礼仪规范中，注视的区间主要包括【 】 A.公务注视区间B.社交注视区间C.亲密注视区间D.一般注视区间E.特殊注视区间 32.交际礼仪的规范性具体表现为【 】 A.道德规范B.等级规范C.次序规范D.场合规范E.行为规范 33.下列属于固定空间的有【 】A.墙壁装饰B.建筑物C.房间陈设D.地理环境E.会议地点 34.谈话中双方正确的语言运用应该是【 】 A.肯定或否定语气B.商量或祈使语气C.礼貌的语言D.尊敬的语言E.行话或术语 35.备忘录的写作要求有【 】 A.真实准确B.简单明了C.详细完整D.语言华美E.夹叙夹议 36.书写感谢信应注意的礼仪有【 】 A.尽量用手写B.内容简洁C.感谢面不妨广些D.感谢面应尽量小些E.用纸切须慎重 37.上网交往应注意【 】 A.保密原则B.小写原则C.大写原则D.勿扰他人原则E.尊重他人时间原则 38.公关礼仪常用的庆典活动包括【 】 A.开业B.奠基C.挂牌D.揭幕E.开学 39.涉外礼仪的基本原则有【 】 A.主权平等原则B.女士优先原则C.差异性原则D.统一性原则E.外事礼宾顺序原则 40.日本的国花是【 】 A.樱花B.绿雉C.荷花D.兰花E.郁金香 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 41.“TPO”审美原则:是世界服装界所公认的审美原则，即英文“Time”(时间)“Place”(地点)“Occasion”(场合)的缩写，具体指穿衣服要适应时间、地点、场合。 42.平等互动原则:指交际礼仪是在平等的基础上形成的，是一种平等的、彼此之间的相互对待关系的体现。 43.欢送词: 是在欢送会上对即将离去的人表示热情欢送的言词。 44.请示:是下级向上级请求指示、批准的文件。 45.参观:是邀请外部公众或内部公众参观本组织的工作现场、设施的一种公关活动。 四、简答题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分) 46(简述礼仪主体的类型。 (1)个人主体，当礼仪的行为代表个人或礼仪的活动规模较小时，礼仪的主体常常是由个人来充当;(2分) (2)组织主体，礼仪的主体是大小、性质、层次不同的各级组织;(1分) (3)临时团体，是指介于个人和组织两种类型之间的礼仪主体;(1分) (4)一个行为代表个人或代表组织不是绝对的，在不同场合，面对不同的对象是可以转换的。(1分) 47(撰写投诉函应注意把握哪些尺度, (1)把信发向尽可能高的管理层;(2)不要遗漏掉详细情况;(3)明确提出补偿要求，不必有任何顾虑;(4)要注意谴词造句，等冷静下来后再寄出去。(1分) (简述董事会的特征。 48 (1)董事会是业务执行机关;(2)董事会是会议制形式的机关;(3)董事会是由董事组成的委员会机构;(4)董事会是法定机关。 49(怎样理解社会交往中的女士优先原则, (1)女士在男士面前，处于尊者地位，享受相应的礼仪待遇; (2)握手时，女士先伸手，可不摘手套;进出门时，男士应上前一步推门让女士先行;男士应为女士引路，让女士走在较安全的一边;两男一女同行时，应让女士走在中间以示尊重; (3)要按不同的时间、地点、主题目标下，灵活变通，遵守TPO原则。 五、论述题(本大题10分) 50(试述参加外事舞会时的注意事项。 (1)服装整齐，应尊重东道主的要求，仪容美观大方，服装以穿晚礼服和西服为主。(2)舞会前不要吃味道强烈的食物。 (3)第一场舞应为主人夫妇，主宾夫妇共舞;第二场，男主人与主宾夫人、女主人与男主宾共舞。不得男子同男子共舞，女子同女子一般也不应共舞。 (4)男方邀请女方时，应向其丈夫或父母致意，以示礼貌。邀请舞伴时，应立正，向对方点头邀请，如对方不同意，不应勉强。 (5)跳舞时要注意舞姿。 (6)在舞场里不得吸烟，不得大声喧哗，遵守舞会秩序。 六、综合题(本大题10分) 51(某市欲举办国际青年问题论坛会，该市共青团组织(团市委)为其发贺信，请你为该组织(团市委)写一份祝贺信。 (1)称谓:某市国际青年问题论坛会主委会及与会代表。(2)开头:表示祝贺。 (3)正文:阐述会议的重要性。 (4)结尾:良好祝愿。(5)署名、日期。 全国2009年1月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1.从狭义角度看，礼仪就是( C )A.仪表B.礼节C.仪式D.礼貌 2.运用人类最重要、最普遍的交际工具来传达礼仪信息的媒介是(B)A.书面语言媒介B.语言礼仪媒介C.形体礼仪媒介D.形体语言媒介 3.在CIS组织识别系统要素中，被称为“企业的家”的是( D ) A.BIS行为识别系统B.VIS视觉识别系统C.AIS听觉识别系统D.EIS环境识别系统 4.在眼神的礼仪规范中，具有亲密关系的人在交谈时采用的注视区间称( A ) A.亲密注视区间B.公务注视区间C.社交注视区间D.人际注视区间 5.和礼仪相关并服从于礼仪的服饰称为( B )A.常服B.礼服C.休闲服D.制服 6.在“TPO”审美原则中，属于面型概念的是( A )A.地点B.时间C.场合D.目标 7.交际中最常见的见面礼是( A )A.握手礼B.举手礼C.拥抱礼D.鞠躬礼 8.下列属于固定空间的是( A )A.地理环境B.房间陈设C.墙壁装饰D.会场的布置 9.鞠躬礼源于( C )A.日本B.泰国C.中国D.美国 10.各种宴请活动中，用餐或饮酒前由宴请者发表的表示敬贺、祝愿的言词称( A )A.祝贺词B.祝酒词C.感谢词D.致谢词 11.运用诙谐的、意味深长的语言传递信息的方法称( A )A.幽默语B.委婉语C.祈使语D.暗示语 12.正式谈判过程中，双方为基本达成目标而确定签字的阶段称(B)A.妥协阶段B.协议阶段C.交锋阶段D.导入阶段 l3.书写请帖的字体一般选用( C )A.隶书B.宋体C.楷体D.黑体 14.寄发海外信函，其航空标签应贴在)A.信封正面左上角B.信封正面右上角C.信封正面右下角D.信封正面左下角 15.下列网络用语中表示惊讶的是( C )A.:-) B.^-^C.:-0D.^0^ 16.既是内部交往的前提条件，又是公关礼仪得以实施的基础的内部交往原则是( A ) A.相互尊重的原则B.及时沟通的原则C.谅解互助的原则D.有效配合的原则 17.股份有限公司的法定代表人是( A )A.董事长B.副董事长C.总经理D.副总经理 18.开业庆典礼仪小姐的人数应比剪彩领导人数( A )A.多1人B.少1人C.多2人D.少2人 19.股东大会的召集权原则上属于( A )A.董事会B.监事会C.大股东D.理事会 20.为了避免失礼，按照国际惯例，举行多边洽谈通常使用( B )A.长桌B.圆桌C.方桌D.椭圆桌 21.舞会是一种常见的公关社交活动，一般是在( D )A.上午举行B.中午举行C.下午举行D.晚间举行 22.下列关于小费的提法正确的是( A )、A.是为感谢招待员的报酬B.是不正当收费C.是对招待员的贿赂D.在各国均被法律禁止 23.认为左手是肮脏的，名片只能用右手接递的国家是 ( D )A.美国B.中国C.日本D.印度 24.关于乘车礼仪正确的是( D ) A.有司机驾驶的小轿车，以前座为尊 B.乘主人自行驾驶的小轿车，以后座的右侧为首座 C.如果主人驾车迎送夫妇，则丈夫坐后座，妻子坐前座 D.乘坐吉普车时，以前座右方为尊 25.日本过节时必须有( D )A.生鱼片B.寿司C.米团D.年糕 26.加拿大人忌讳的数字是( C )A.4B.9C.13D.14 27.佛经也称为( B )A.藏经B.大藏经C.西藏经D.唐藏经 28.阿根廷国名源义( A )A.白银B.红木C.赤道D.大河 29.巴西的国名别称是( B )A.多山之国B.咖啡王国C.金银王国D.矿石王国 30.法国的国歌名称为( C )A.爱国歌B.君之代C.马赛曲D.自由颂 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 31.礼仪的性质包括( ABCD ) A.约定俗成的规范性B.推陈出新的继承性C.民族地方的特殊性D.由表及里的功能性E.具有指导意义的普遍性 32.个人卫生规范中，人们对头发规定的原则有( BCD ) A.不能太长B.不能有味C.不能出绺D.不能有头皮屑E.不能太短 33.给外商送礼时应注意( BCE )A.礼物应贵重B.礼物不必太贵重C.不要过分谦恭D.应谦恭一些E.送礼时要落落大方 34.演讲中的体态礼仪主要包括( ABC )A.目光B.手势C.姿态D.语言E.服饰 35.根据文书礼仪的特点，答复投诉信应注意把握( ABC ) A.反应要做到有力、有利、有节B.措词慎重C.正面作答D.委婉回答E.语言简炼 36.内部交往礼仪的内容有( ABCDE ) A.待人接物礼仪B.电话联通礼仪C.起草和收发日常公关文书礼仪D.会议及活动主持礼仪E.文书撰写礼仪 37.庆典礼仪准备馈赠礼品应具有( ABC )A.象征性B.纪念性C.宣传性D.美观性E.特殊性 38.下列涉外的称呼正确的是( ,, ) A.对有高级职衔的妇女称“阁下”B.在芬兰称呼一位不知其职衔的人为“博士” C.在欧洲称呼一位不知其是否结婚的妇女为“小姐”D.在阿拉伯国家用“谢赫”这个词称呼值得特别尊敬的人 E.在欧洲，同时用学术头衔和公司头衔称呼某人时，常把公司头衔放在前面 39.佛教节日主要有( ABCD )A.佛诞节B.佛成道节C.佛涅磐节D.盂兰盆节E.圣诞节 40.印度的国花有( ACD )A.荷花B.兰花C.玫瑰D.罂粟E.丁香 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共l0分) 41.服饰:服、饰是有关人体装饰的两个内容，前者指服装，后者指装饰品 42.公关活动空间:公共空间的交际距离为6.10米以外，语言表现为声音响亮，措词规范，多表现在演讲者与听众，表演者与观众等场合。 43.网络礼仪:网络礼仪就是表示相互尊重、友好、关注的网上行为和规范。 44.赞助:赞助是组织赢得政府、社区及相关公众的支持，创造组织生存和发展的良好环境，出资支持社会福利、社会公益和慈善事业等活动。 45.风俗:风俗是某一国家或民族范围内人群自发重复并相沿承袭的行为，是一种大家共同遵守的、习以为常的、处之泰然的生活方式、 习惯。 四、简答题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分) 46.简述交际礼仪的特点。 1)交际礼仪具有规范性;2)交际礼仪具有广泛性;3)交际礼仪具有沿习性;4)交际礼仪具有差异性 47.在介绍他人时，主要的介绍顺序是什么, 1)介绍时把男士介绍给女士;2)把年龄小的一方介绍给年龄长的;3)把级别低的介绍给级别高的;4)把客人介绍给主人 48.简述书写感谢信应注意的礼仪。 1)尽量用手写;2)内容要简洁;3)感谢的面不妨广些;4)用纸切需慎重 49.简述赞助的目的。 1)扩大知晓度;2)增强信任度;3)提高美誉度 五、论述题(10分) 50.试述撰写各类文件应注意的礼仪要求。 1)诚挚地表现情意，清楚地表达思想 “以诚相待”“以诚取信”“以情动人”才能获得好的沟通效果。诚挚的情意有两个含义，一是诚，真诚，言而有信。二是情，真情，情真意切。文件礼仪的对象是人，而与人交往，没有感情是不成功的 2)遵循特定的格式，符合人们认知规律 比如有惯用词语如开头语为“根据、据、为了”等。称男士为“阁下”、“先生”;称女性为“女士”、“小姐”、“夫人”等。 3)措辞要准确得体，把握时间，尊重阅读者 文件礼仪篇幅简短，语言要平实、得体、简明扼要，尤其像命令、决定、请示等，更要措词准确、言简意赅。除此以外，还要求语言得体，信实确切，使人愿意听，乐于接受。指示、传真、规章制度等，尤其要求语言要恰到好处，有较强的分寸感。 4)使用相应的礼仪用语，文字书写要工整规范 要会使用相应的礼仪用语，主要是称谓语、引叙语、表态语、结尾语等等，搞清其特定含义和使用习惯，以免错用、滥用、甚至闹成笑话;另外文字书写要工整规范，并尽量做到字体优美，字迹潦草是对人不尊重 5)对所有文件都要及时作出反应 礼仪要求对所收到的文件要有反馈，一接到来函，就应该及时拆阅，并考虑采取什么行动，处理来信的态度要认真。礼仪要求对重要信函应在48小时内答复，一般信函在两周内答复 六、综合题(10分) 某公司组织开业庆典活动，请你根据庆典礼仪要求，写出庆典活动准备工作的内容。 51. 1)精心拟出邀请宾客的名单 2)制定程序表 3)布置场地 4)安排接待工作 5)安排礼仪小姐 6)准备贵宾留言册与签到桌 7)安排接待服务人员 8)准备馈赠礼品 9)提前试验音响 全国 2009年10月自学考试公关礼仪试题 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1(礼仪行为和活动得以进行的特定的时间和空间是( A )A(礼仪环境 B(礼仪过程C(礼仪要素 D(礼仪关系 2(狭义的礼仪就是表现在较大较隆重的场合时，一种规范化的程式化的( C )A(仪表 B(礼节C(仪式 D(礼貌 3(企业文化可以分为四个层次，其核心与灵魂是( C )A(物质文化 B(制度文化C(精神文化 D(行为文化 4(一般认为，一切礼仪的起点是( B )A(语言礼仪 B(个人礼仪C(交际礼仪 D(文书礼仪 5(与顾客交谈时，不可长时间地凝视对方。一般情况下，眼睛注视对方的时间应为交谈总时长的(B)A.60, B.50,C(40, D,30, 6(面对新闻界的“介入”，“亮相”的实质是展现( C )A(气质 B(形象C(素质 D(性格 7(军人在室内可以行鞠躬礼，但在室外必须行( )A(握手礼 B(拥抱礼C(接吻礼 D(举手注目礼 8(人们进入交际状态情感交流开始实施的第一个礼节是( B )A(应邀礼节 B(见面礼节C(招呼礼节 D(馈赠礼节 9(有关组织、个人对涉及切身利益的分歧和冲突进行反复磋商，寻求解决途径和达成协议的合作过程是( D ) A(谈话 B(会谈C(商谈 D(谈判 10(从利益归属的角度讲，个人与个人之间的谈判是( D )A(单独谈判 B(人际谈判C(非实质性谈判 D(私人谈判 11(文书礼仪的支撑是( C )A(交际性 B(交往性C(礼节性 D(礼貌性 12(传达会议基本情况和会议主要精神，要求与会单位共同遵守的文件是(A)A(会议记录 B(会议纪要C(会议简报 D(会议通讯 13(海外信函信封的书写要求收信人的姓名写在( A )A(第一行 B(第二行C(第三行 D(第四行 14(在组织内部部门之间横向交往的基本形式和重要内容是( C )A(相互尊重 B(谅解互助C(信息沟通 D(有效配合 15(股份有限公司的决策机关是( D )A(职工代表大会 B(董事会C(监事会 D(股东大会 16(股东对股东大会议案表示同意或反对的权利是( C )A(提案权 B(提问权C(表决权 D(出席权 17(涉外开幕典礼会的主持人通常是举办单位的( D )A(公关经理 B(办公室主任C(销售经理 D(负责人 18(下列属于年度赞助计划的是( D )A(赞助人员职责 B(赞助的地点C(赞助的时间 D(赞助对象的范围 19(赞助的目的是( A )A(扩大知晓度 B(提高刺激度C(促进业务量 D(增加信息度 20(参观是指邀请外部公众或内部公众观看本组织的( A )A(工作现场和设施 B(组织环境C(组织关系 D(工作状态 21(举行双边洽谈时，应当使用( B )A(圆桌 B(长桌C(正方桌 D(多角桌 22(两个组织确定合作项目而举办的签字仪式，出席的人员应是参加会谈的( A ) A(全体人员 B(具体工作人员C(部门负责人 D(最高负责人 23(中国佛教组织的名称是( A )A(“中国佛教协会” B(“中国佛教学会”C(“中国佛教徒协会” D(“中国佛教徒联合会” 24(姓名中包含了祖父名的是( C )A(俄罗斯人 B(西班牙人C(阿拉伯人 D(泰国人 25(麦克唐纳快餐店起源于( D )A(日本 B(法国C(英国 D(美国 26(佛教的基本教义总括为一个“苦”字，基本内容是把人生断定为( A )A(无常 B(有常C(极乐 D(极苦 27(法国人大多数信仰( A )A(天主教 B(犹太教C(伊斯兰教 D(基督教 28(俄罗斯人的主要节日是( B )A(元旦 B(圣诞节C(开斋节 D(春节 29(加拿大人视为灾难象征的是( D )A(星期一 B(星期二C(星期四 D(星期五 30(美国的别称是( B )A(金银王国 B(电影王国C(钻石王国 D(咖啡王国 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) A(《诗经》 B(《礼记》 C(《尚书》 D(《十三经》E(《仪礼》 31(早期出现“礼仪”一词的文献有( AB ) 32(举止落落大方、动作合乎规范是个人礼仪方面最基本的要求，它包括(ABDE)A(站立 B(行走C(眼神 D(就座E(手势 33(交际礼仪的特点有( BCDE )A(灵活性 B(规范性C(广泛性 D(沿习性E(差异性 34(交谈中，各种人体语言会起到的作用有( AC ) A(辅助语言交流 B(取代语言交流C(强化交流意境 D(减轻交流意境E(暗示交流意义 35(请帖写作中应注意的礼仪有( ABCE ) A(内容简明扼要 B(语言热情得体C(装帧美观大方 D(尽量用手写E(至少要提前一周发出 36(上市公告书的内容应包括( ABCDE ) A(股票正式交易的日期 B(股票发行情况 C(股权结构 D(公司创立大会同意公司股票在证券交易所交易的决议 E(董事、监事和高级管理人员简历 37(展销会礼仪的展示过程包括( ABC )A(赠予资料 B(细心解说C(动手操作 D(接待客户E(联络感情 38(日本最普通的传统便饭有( DE )A(和食 B(料理C(洋食 D(弁当E(寿司 39(接待泰国宾客时，下列举止不恰当的有( BDE ) A(见面时行“合十礼” B(抚摸儿童的头夸赞他C.用左手接过对方的名片D.在泰国宾客面前盘足而坐E(临别送一幅代表长寿的龟鹤图 40(中国的国花有( CD )A(郁金香 B(玫瑰C(梅花 D(牡丹E(樱花 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 41(礼仪主体:礼仪的主体，指的是礼仪活动的操作者和实施者。它既可以是个人，也可以是组织。当礼仪活动规模较小、较为简单时，其主体通常是个人。当礼仪活动规模较大、较为复杂时，其主体通常则是组织。没有礼仪主体，礼仪活动就不可能进行，礼仪也就无从谈起。 42(仪表:即人的外表，包括容貌、举止、姿态、风度等。在政务、商务、事务及社交场合，一个人的仪表不但可以体现他的文化修养，也可以反映他的审美趣味。穿着得体，不仅能赢得他人的信赖，给人留下良好的印象，而且还能够提高与人交往的能力。相反，穿着不当，举止不雅，往往会降低了你的身份，损害你的形象。 43(欢迎词:是指客人光临时，主人为表示热烈的欢迎，在座谈会、宴会、酒会等场合发表的热情友好的讲话。 44(签字仪式:在涉外交往中，有关国家的政府、组织或企业单位之间经过谈判，就政治 、经济、文化科技等领域内的某些重大问题达成协议时，一般需举行签字仪式。 45(悬挂国旗:在国际交往中，形成了悬挂国旗的一些惯例，为各国所公认。在建筑物上或在室外悬挂国旗，一般应日出升旗，日落降旗。遇需悬旗致哀，通常的做法是降半旗，即先升至杆顶，再下降至离杆顶相当于杆长三分之一的地方。也有的国家不降半旗，而是在国旗上方挂黑纱致哀。升降国旗时，要立正脱帽行注目礼，升国旗一定要升至杆顶。悬挂双方国旗，按国际惯例，以右为上，左为下。两国国旗并挂，以旗本身面向为准，右挂客方国旗，左挂本国国旗。汽车上挂国旗，则以汽车行进方向为准，驾驶员左手为主方，右手为客方。所谓主客，不以活动举行所在国为依据，而以举办活动的主人为依据。国旗不能倒挂。有些国家的国旗由于文字和图案的原因，也不能竖挂或反挂。有的国家明确规定，竖挂需另制旗，将图案转正。 四、简答题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分) 46(简述公关礼仪对人际关系的促进作用。 答案:公关是指塑造组织形象，礼仪着重塑造个人形象，通过个人礼仪而体现组织形象是公关礼仪的内涵。公关礼仪的核心在尊重他人，通过一定的仪表、仪式表达对他人的尊重，从而提升组织形象，达到一个良好的沟通过程。在人际交往中，礼仪是沟通的武器，对促进人际起着决定性的作用。 47(人们为什么要重视仪表, 答案:这也能显现你身份的象征，每个人都应该有素质，有尊严，内涵，不要张口就说脏字，只有心灵美才是真正的美。当外出时，不要穿的邋遢，看看自己是否身着整洁，这样也能让自己更自信，让陌生人看的舒服 48(股东大会有哪些表现形式, 答案:1)、例如:规定人数是99人，不足2/3，是参加董事大会的人数不到66人 2)、例如:实收资本总额是90万，公司末弥补的亏损如果达到30万时，就是公司末弥补的亏损达实收资本总额1/3时 49(如何做好开业庆典礼仪的准备工作, 答案:开业庆典的四大准备工作 (一)礼品准备: 赠与来宾的礼品，一般属于宣传性，传播媒介的范畴之内。根据常规，向来宾赠送的礼品有四大特性:第一，宣传性:可选用本单位的产品，也可以在礼品及其外包装上印有本单位的企业标志、产品图案、广告用语、开业日期、联系方式等。第二，荣誉性:礼品制作精美，有名人名言或名画，使拥有者对其珍惜、重视。第四，实用性:礼品应具有较广泛的使用场合，以取得宣传效应。 (二)设备准备: 音响、录音录像、照明设备以及开业典礼所需的各种用具、设备，由技术部门进行检查、调试，以防在使用时出现差错。 交通工具准备: 接送重要宾客、运送货物等。 (三)就餐准备: 人数、座次、食物、就餐用具等。 (四)庆典活动所需要用品的准备: 比如剪彩仪式所需的彩带、剪刀、托盘;工作人员服装的统一订做;留作纪念或用以宣传的礼品、画册、优惠卡、贵宾卡的定做。 五、论述题(10分) 50(试述公关人员对外交往时应当遵守的礼仪原则。 六、综合题(10分) 51(请指出下面请帖中不当之处，并按照请帖的格式及写法修改此请帖。 请 帖 为欢迎教育部专家代表团访问我校，谨订于下午7时在滨海市东区8路8号举行晚宴。 滨海大学 全国2010年1月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1.孔子是我国历史上第一位礼仪学专家，他提出的礼仪思想是( B )A.爱人者，人恒爱之B.克己复礼C.礼宾革命D.有礼有节 2.通过各种物体的各种状态来传达礼仪信息的媒体是( A )A.事体礼仪媒体B.形体礼仪媒体C.物体礼仪媒体D.人体礼仪媒体 3.在CIS组织识别系统中，被称为“企业的心”的是( B ) A.BIS行为识别系统B.MIS理念识别系统C.VIS视觉识别系统D.AIS听觉识别系统 4.20世纪80年代，最早提出“企业文化”概念的学者是( D )A.约翰?梅耶B.彼得?塞拉维C.托马斯?刘易斯D.斯坦利?M?戴利 5.从公关礼仪的角度看，对头发、面部、手部等方面的要求被称作( A )、A.仪容规范B.表情规范C.举止规范D.卫生规范 6.在公关活动中，作为交际场所最基本姿势的举止是( C )A.手势B.行走C.站立D.就座 7.在化妆的礼节中，最基本的礼貌要求是( A )A.整洁B.美貌C.靓丽D.娇艳 8.公共空间的交际距离为( D )A.3.1米以外B.4.1米以外C.5.1米以外D.6.1米以外 9.鞠躬礼源于( C )A.日本B.泰国C.中国D.美国 10.东正教复活节的吉祥物是( B )A.鹅蛋和火鸡B.鸡蛋和兔子C.鸡蛋和火鸡D.鹅蛋和兔子 11.任何组织举行记者招待会的目的都是为解释其( B )A.方针政策B.重大新闻C.组织形象D.人事变更 12.谈判时，每方参加谈判的是多人，这种谈判称为( A )A.团体谈判B.多人谈判C.单独谈判D.集中谈判 13.组织与组织、团体、企业相互间的谈判称为( B )A.混合谈判B.组织谈判C.私人谈判D.团队谈判 14.在会议开始时，致词人代表其组织简要发表热情、友好致意的言词即( C )A.欢迎词B.答谢词C.开幕词D.闭幕词 15.写会议纪要时，按照会议上发言的顺序，把每个人发言的主要内容写出来，这种写法属于( D ) A.综合概述式B.归纳分项式C.编者摘发式D.发言记录式 16.书写海外信函，忌讳用( D )A.蓝色笔B.黑色笔C.蓝黑色笔D.红色笔 17.公司的股票获准在证券交易所交易后，向社会公开披露有关信息的文件是( B ) A.招股B.上市公告书C.公司章程D.上市报告书 18.中国特有的股东大会的表现形式是( D ) A.股东常会B.股东临时会C.特别股东会D.股东代表大会 19.按国际礼仪，请柬寄送给宾客应提前( B )A.一周左右时间B.两周左右时间C.四周左右时间D.六周左右时间 20.展览计划书要充分体现出展览会的( A )A.主体思想B.中心结构C.产品设计D.礼仪事项 21.组织赞助中最常见的形式是( C )A.赞助学术理论活动B.赞助宣传用品的制作C.赞助体育运动D.赞助建立某一职业奖励基金 22.现代经营活动尤其注重( B )A.产品形象B.组织形象C.公众形象D.顾客形象 23.在涉外交往的礼仪中，女士优先原则不是惟一和绝对的，需要根据不同的时间、地点、主题进行变通，这遵守的原则是( A )A.TPOB.OOPC.TPPD.TRP 24.日本最普遍的传统便饭是寿司和( D )A.和食B.料理C.洋食D.弁当 25.阴历四月初八是中国、日本、朝鲜等国家佛教节日的( B )A.佛成道节B.浴佛节C.佛涅 节D.盂兰盆节 26.世界性的佛教组织“世界佛教徒联合会”总部设在( D )A.中国B.日本C.印度D.泰国 27.日本民族最隆重的节日是( C )A.端午节B.中秋节C.春节D.元宵节 28.忌讳以百合花作为礼物送人的是( D )A.美国人B.德国人C.法国人D.英国人 29.认为头是智慧的所在，是神圣不可侵犯的，不可随便触摸。有上述禁忌的是( A )A.泰国人B.韩国人C.伊郎人D.新加坡人 30.印度尼西亚国家的别称是( B )A.万岛之国B.千岛之国C.百岛之国D.群岛之国 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 31.现代礼仪著作中经常提到的“三礼”是( BDE )A.《曲礼》B.《周礼》C.《礼运》D.《仪礼》E.《礼记》 32.封建社会的礼仪除了具备奴隶社会的礼仪特征以外，还表现出的明显特点有 (BC)A.开放性B.伪善性C.封闭性D.真诚性E.公平性 33.仪表对人们形象起到的作用包括( ACE )A.自我标识B.表明审美情趣C.修饰弥补D.表明内在形象E.包装外表形象 34.交际礼仪的特点主要表现为( ABCD )A.规范性B.广泛性C.沿习性D.差异性E.相同性 35.倾听他人谈话的方法有( ABC ) A.良好的精神状态，接受对方的态度B.偶尔的提问、提示C.及时反馈D.打断对方并进行有理的反驳E.适当的批评 36.维持联系信的礼仪写作要求有( BCD )A.语气庄重B.语气友好C.热情D.专业化E.口语化 37.股东在股东大会上享有的权利包括( ABCD )A.出席权B.提案权C.提问权D.表决权E.执行权 38.展销会礼仪要求制定计划时应( BCDE )A.确定客户人数B.构思展览结构C.撰写展览计划书D.确定时间、地点E.明确主题思想 39.涉外礼仪的基本原则有( ABCD )A.主权平等原则B.女士优先原则C.差异性原则D.外事礼宾顺序原则E.利益均沾原则 40.下列关于日本的风俗禁忌表述正确的有( BCDE) A.正式场合要穿礼服B.春节必须有年糕C.不喜欢荷花图案D.菊花作为皇室花卉E.实行分餐制 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 41.礼仪42.首次印象43.请帖44.内部交往礼仪45.女士优先 四、简答题 (本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分) 46(如何利用新闻媒介塑造良好的个人形象, 47(接听电话时应注意的礼仪有哪些,48(简述洽谈的礼仪规范。49(怎样理解礼宾次序, 五、论述题(10分) 50(试述公关活动中的语言礼仪。 六、综合题(10分) 51(请根据通知撰写要求，以××学会的名义，起草一份关于召开学术研讨会的会议通知。要求主题明确，内容清楚，语句通顺，符合通知撰写要求。 全国2010年10月自学考试公关礼仪试卷一、、、、 1.礼貌属于社会公德的重要组成部分，比较侧重【 】 A.内在修养B.外在气质C.行为规范D.外在修养 2.专谈中国古代政治制度的儒家经典著作是【 】 A.周礼B.仪礼C.礼记D.论语 3.美国波士顿大学教授斯坦利?M?戴利提出“企业文化”一词的时间是【 】 A.20世纪60年代初B.20世纪70年代初C.20世纪80年代初D.20世纪90年代初 4.与最熟悉的客人或年事高的长者交际多采用【 】 A.亲密空间B.公共空间C.社交空间D.个人空间 5.在特定的语境中利用语言的歧义形成的幽默属于【 】 A.巧借话题B.反语C.一语双关D.偷换概念 6.在欢迎会开始时对来者的光临表示欢迎的言词称为【 】A.答谢词B.祝酒词C.欢迎词D.开幕词 7.把会议发言、讨论的情况综合到一起概括地叙述出来的会议纪要写法是【 】 A.综合概述式B.归纳分项式C.发言记录式D.编者摘要式 8.在各种洽谈中，记录洽谈双方谈论的要点、讨论的问题、达成的协议的书面材料是【 】A.B.备忘录C.协议书D.会议记录 9.书写海外信函的信封时，国名应写在【 】 A.第一行B.第二行C.第三行D.最后一行 10.公关礼仪的新内容是【 】 A.文件礼仪B.信函礼仪C.请帖礼仪D.网络礼仪 11.把一个组织的公众划分为内部公众与外部公众，其划分依据是【 】 A.公众对组织的态度B.公众与组织的相对空间位置C.公众的重要程度D.公众所处的地域 12.开业时，庆典方馈赠的礼品是一种【 】 A.宣传性传播媒介B.象征性传播媒介C.纪念性传播媒介D.沟通性传播媒介 13.迎宾礼仪小姐的主要任务是【 】 A.迎宾引导B.礼仪接待C.迎来送往D.公关传播 14.主持人应当控制发布会的【 】 A.规模B.节奏C.人员D.程序 签字仪式是组织与对方组织经过会谈、协商，形成并签署某项【 】 A.协议B.议案C.文书D.文本 15. 16.为表示尊重女士，两男一女同行时一般应让女士走在【 】 A.左边B.右边C.中间D.无所谓 17.在国际会议、体育比赛等活动中，最常见的礼宾次序排列方法是【 】 A.按身份与职务的高低排列B.按年龄排列C.按国名字母顺序排列D.按通知代表团组成的日期先后排列 18.东正教主要流行于【 】 A.日本B.中国C.俄罗斯D.法国 19.视“星期五”为灾难象征的是【 】 A.美国人B.英国人C.法国人D.加拿大人 20.日本国名的别称是【 】 A.千岛之国B.樱花之国C.万岛之国D.水方之国 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21.礼仪主体的类型包括【 】 A.个人主体B.临时团体C.组织主体D.社会E.固定团体 22.职业服饰的基本特征有【 】 A.现实性B.审美性C.象征性D.实用性E.抽象性 23.谈话双方的距离选择取决于【 】 A.谈话的内容B.谈话的方式C.谈话双方的关系D.谈话的时间E.谈话的地点 24.打电话注意的礼仪问题主要包括【 】 A.选择恰当的通话时间B.通话目的明确C.安排通话内容D.挂断电话时注意使用礼貌用语E.不直接回答对方问话 25.演讲中礼仪的表现途径是【 】 A.书面语言B.个人表现C.团体表现D.即席演讲E.个人语言礼仪 26.网络礼仪内容包括【 】 A.注意网上礼貌用语B.文字要准确简洁C.珍惜时间D.助人为乐E.尽量使用表情网语 27.进行赞助的步骤有【 】 A.前期调研B.制定计划C.审核评定D.具体实施E.预测结果 28.泰国平民姓名的冠称有【 】 A.成年男子为“乃”，已婚妇女为“娘” B.成年男子为“坤”，已婚妇女为“乃”C.已婚妇女为“乃”，未婚妇女为“娘少” D.男孩为“德猜”，女孩为“德英” E.已婚妇女为“娘”，未婚妇女为“乃” 29.基督教的基本经典有【 】 A.大藏经B.道德经C.旧约全书D.新约全书E.古兰经 30.瑞典的国花有【 】 A.白菊B.睡莲C.孪生花D.葵花E.白玫瑰 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) 31.礼节:是指人们在交际场合相互表示尊敬、祝颂、问候、致意、哀悼、慰问以及给予必要协助和照料的惯用形式。 32.表情规范:指人们的表情在表达过程中所遵守的彼此能够接纳的规定。 33.开幕词:在会议开始时，知此人代表其组织简要发表热情、友好致意的言词。有口头致词、书面致词。 34.书信礼仪:是用于沟通音讯、商定事宜、研究问题、联络友谊、交流思想感情等实施的礼仪规范。 35.舞会:是一种常见的公关社交活动。一般在晚上举行。一种是宴请之后作为余兴，另一种是作为单项活动。遇有重大喜庆节日，有些国家的舞会甚至通宵达旦。 四、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分) 36.怎样办好宴请活动? (1)确定宴请目的、名义、范围和形式; (2)确定宴请时间、地点; (3)宴请; (4)准备菜单、安排席位、布置现场、准备餐具; (5)确定宴请程序、做好宴会现场服务。; 谈判礼仪包括哪几方面? 37. (1)谈判接待礼仪;(2)谈判行为礼仪;(3)谈判语言礼仪; 38.简述组织领导与员工纵向交往的内容和途径。 (1)举办内部刊物;(2)举办各类座谈会;(3)举办各类联谊活动;(4)礼节性走访;(5)日常交往; 39.简述业务洽谈的礼仪规范。 (1)重视信誉，塑造组织形象; (2)要以礼相待，坚持平等互利; (3)要讲究文明，注重谈话礼节; (4)要实事求是，注意提问方式; (5)要将心比心，多替对方着想 40.简述举办新闻发布会的“由头”及时机。 (1)确定新闻价值 某一消息，要论证其是否具有专门召集记者前来予以报道的新闻价值。 (2)确定最佳时机 应确认新闻发表的最佳时机，考虑这个消息为什么必须现在发表，信息是否具有紧迫性，现在是否是最佳时机。五、论述题(10分) 41.试述中西方文化的主要差异。 中国与西方国家的主要差异表现在以下几个方面: (1)自我意识不同 中国，东方国家比较强调“个人服从集体”，讲究“大一统”，因此才会以讲究礼义为主的《论语》，以孔孟之道为经典;西方提倡“个人至上”，所以会以《人权宣言》、《独立宣言》为经舆。 (2)价值观不同 在人生价值观、在自然价值观方面、在本体论方面、在认识论方面均有不同的认识。 (3)行为准则不同 中国人性格内向，体现“德”，扶老携幼助残，表示喜怒哀乐含蓄。西方性格外向(喜怒哀乐尽形于色，讲究女士优先，但是轻易不要去主动帮助老人和残疾人，因为他们认为那是侮辱。他们讲究推崇个人能力。 (4)崇拜方式不同 简单地概括:中国人“崇善” (敬德保命);西方人“爱智”(知识就是力量);印度人追求“解脱”(破我执法执)。 (5)生活方式不同 东方比较节俭，追求安定，重亲情，存钱防老、防意外。存钱，用今天的钱防止，或解决未来可能的灾难，追求长远的幸福。西方追求自由，冒险，个人利益至上，超前消费，大胆贷款，用明天的钱，买今天的幸福，尽情享受今天。 (6)招待方式不同 中国人爱面子，招待讲究规格，尤其是用餐，豪华的令西方人难以理解。西方招待比较简洁，朋 友约会可以 AA制，法 国总统欢迎我国最高领导人也仅仅是四菜一汤。 (7)送礼受礼方式不同 中国比较注重高价值的礼物，认为礼物越贵，越能表达尊重，为了表示尊重，送礼可以没有近期功利目的，甚至根本没有功利目的。西方讲究实际，无功不受禄，礼物表达礼貌，不注重高价值，一块肥皂，巧克力都可以送给外宾。 (8)民族心态、习惯不同 中国认为自己是泱泱大国，有着悠久的历史灿烂的文明。同时，近百年饱受欺侮，因此，在国际交往中比较敏感，比较内向，外国人认为我们有时谦虚的显得有些不自信。现实生活中，明明心里很热情，但是不好意思说。西方认为他们自己是时代宠儿，在我们看来，比较骄傲，外向，表面热情，而我们会感到他们礼貌中透着傲慢。而且“Business is business”讲究公事公办，生意上不讲情面。 (9)忌讳不同 中国 56 个民族，禁忌各不相同。但是中国统一数千年，没有统一的宗教信仰，共同的禁忌少于西方。西方主要信奉基督教，天主教，忌讳13，星期五等。 (10)审美情趣与标准不同 中国人的审美也受其哲学与价值观的影响，讲究理性，天人合一，追求境界。 西方追求个性，所以他们的审美、艺术也是服从于他们的哲学与价值观的。 六、案例分析题(10分) 42.某企业的“产品”在消费者使用中发生了质量问题～被媒体曝光。企业质检部门经检测发现:该消费者所购“产品”非本企业生产～而是假冒产品。于是～他们主动与消费者、电视台联系～并发动了一场打假运动～对本产品的性能、鉴别方式、质量标准等进行了系统全面介绍～实事求是地介绍了本产品的优缺点以及消费者使用应注意的事项。该企业的作法受到了各界的好评。 请评价媒介“介入”对提升组织形象的好处。 答:化腐朽为神奇，使不利于本企业的报道成为宣传公司产品的机会。在媒体介入中，坦率、诚实地面对媒体，如果是不正确或歪曲事实的报道，应按照处理危机的原则，尽快采取措施，说明真相，向报道机构提出更正要求，必要的话可采取法律行为。若报道的虽 然是正确事实，但不利于本单位，这种情况完全是单位内部错误造成的，对此应通过该报道机构表示虚心接受并致歉意，以挽回单位声誉。 全国2011年1月自学考试公关礼仪试题 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1.提出“克己复礼”思想的我国历史上第一位礼仪学专家是( A )A.孔子B.孟子C.老子D.韩非子 2.不同民族和地方的礼仪具有不同于其他民族和地方礼仪的一些特点，这说明礼仪具有( C ) A.约定俗成的规范性B.推陈出新的继承性C.民族地方的特殊性D.由表及里的功能性 3.礼仪活动的指向者和承受者即( C )A.礼仪的主体B.个人主体C.礼仪的客体D.个人客体 4.对人们的形象起到自我标识、修饰弥补、包装外表形象作用的是( B )A.内在修养B.仪表C.行为方式D.社会地位 5.男子穿西装时，衬衫、西服领带、鞋袜全身颜色不应超过( B )A.二种B.三种C.四种D.五种 6.英国人的馈赠禁忌是( D )A.高级巧克力B.名酒C.香水D.百合花 7.参加各项公共关系活动，应按邀请上标明的时间或预先约定的时间准时抵达。我国的习惯是( A ) A.提前二至三分钟抵达B.提前八至十分钟抵达C.晚二至三分钟抵达D.晚八至十分钟抵达 8.正式谈判过程中，在双方分歧问题上，各自表明自己的态度和立场的阶段称为(C )A.导入阶段B.概说阶段C.明示阶段D.协议阶段 9.一般来看，一次谈判成功的是( B )A.中期谈判B.短期谈判C.长期谈判D.超短期谈判 10.上级对下级布置工作，阐明工作活动的指导原则和基本要求的文件是( D )A.命令B.决定C.通知D.指示 11.海外信函信封的书写要求城市名和邮政编码写在( C )A.第一行B.第二行C.第三行D.第四行 12.参加涉外开幕典礼的主要人员的排列方式应为，面对主席台时，( B ) A.主人排列在左边，客人排列在右边 B.主人排列在右边，客人排列在左边 C.主人排列在中间，客人排列在两边 D.主人排列在两边，客人排列在中间 13.按展销会内容分，每年春秋两季的广州商品交易会属于( A )A.综合性产品展销B.专项展销C.室内展销D.露天展销 14.组织赞助中最常见的一种形式是( B )A.赞助教育事业B.赞助体育运动C.赞助社会慈善和福利事业D.赞助文化生活 15.赞助调研应该首先考虑本组织的( D )A.组织程序B.经济情况C.组织规模D.经营政策 16.国际上一些重大事项往往采取的洽谈方式是( A )A.第三地点洽谈B.主座洽谈C.客座洽谈D.主客座轮流洽谈 17.洽谈是重要的商务活动，又可称为( C )A.商谈B.谈话C.谈判D.会谈 18.下列关于中国人生价值观的描述错误的是( D )A.人是万物之灵B.仁者爱人C.重义轻利D.上帝造万物 19.泰国人见面时双手合掌于胸前，行( C )A.十字礼B.合掌礼C.合十礼D.合手礼 20.加拿大的国名别称是( D )A.木材之国B.森林之国C.花生之国D.枫叶之国 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21.礼仪的构成要素包括( ABCE )A.礼仪的主体B.礼仪的客体C.礼仪的媒体D.礼仪的表意E.礼仪的环境 22.在西方，礼服可分为( ABC )A.正式礼服B.非正式礼服C.半正式礼服D.晚礼服E.晨礼服 23.交际礼仪的内容具体包括( ABCDE )A.邀请与应邀礼节B.见面礼节C.交际时间与空间D.宴请礼节E.馈赠礼节 24.从参加谈判的人数上划分，谈判可分为( BD )A.混合谈判B.单独谈判C.组织谈判D.团体谈判E.外交谈判 25.书写感谢信应该注意的礼仪有( ABDE )A.尽量用手写B.尽量打印C.内容简洁D.感谢面广些E.用纸须慎重 26.举办新闻发布会的“由头”及时机有( AB )A.确定新闻价值B.确定最佳时机C.确定公众D.确定联系范围E.确定经销商 27.洽谈的礼仪规范有( ABCDE ) A.重视信誉，塑造组织形象 B.要以礼相待，坚持平等原则 C.要讲究文明，注重谈话礼节D.要实事求是，注重提问方式 E.要将心比心，多替对方着想 28.认为左手是肮脏的，在接递名片时，只能用右手的国家有( CD )A.中国B.日本C.印度D.缅甸E.朝鲜 29.“大藏经”主要包括( ACE )A.经B.典C.律D.令E.论 30.中国主要传统节日有( ACDE )A.元宵节B.元旦C.端午节D.女儿节E.重阳节 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) 31.礼貌:是指人们在相互交往过程中表示敬重友好的行为规范。 32.礼仪修养:是指一个人在待人处事时，在礼仪礼节方面能自觉地按照社会公共生活准则的要求，不断地惊醒自我锻炼、自我养成、自我提高的行为过程，也是经过女里形成待人处事时所特有的风度、素质和能力。 33.化妆礼仪:是指人们打扮修饰的礼仪规范。是随着人们生活水平的提高，人们从单纯的面部修正到研究化妆过程，使其更加规范、得法的一系列要求。 34.谈判:是指由关组织、个人对涉及切身利益的分歧和冲突进行了反复磋商，寻求解决途径和达成协议的合作过程。 35.礼宾次序:指多边外事活动中对出息活动的国家、各国人士的位次按某些规则和惯例进行排列的先后次序。 四、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分) 36.简述委婉语使用的艺术。 (1)利用比喻、双关、典故等手法代替直接表态; (2)利用含蓄的、意味深长的语言来表达; (3)运用模棱两可的语言作出具有弹性的回答。 37.撰写各类文件时需注意哪些礼仪? (1)诚挚地表现轻易，清楚地表达思想:(2)遵循特定的格式，符合人们认知规律;(3)措辞要准确得体，把我时间，尊重阅读者;(4)使用相应的礼仪用语，文字书写要工整规范;(5)对所有文件都要及时作出反应。 38.如何确定展销会工作人员? (1)成立展销会领导机构(2)安排好产品介绍人员(3)安排好团体订货室及工作人员(4)安排迎宾礼仪小姐(5)安排保安人员。 39.简述内部交往礼仪的功能特点。 1)规范约束功能与规范性特点;(2)稳定关系功能与稳定性特点:(3)凝聚功能和亲和性特点;(4)激励性功能和激发性特点。 ( 40.公关人员对外交往时应遵守哪些礼仪原则? (1)主权平等原则(2)女士优先原则(3)差异性原则(4)外事礼宾顺序原则 五、论述题(10分)41.试述交际的原则。 (1)平等互动原则(2)注重沟通原则(3)诚实守信原则(4)遵守时间原则 (5)尊重风俗原则(6)理解宽容原则(7)遵纪守法原则(8)维护形象原则 六、案例分析题(10分) 42.2008年10月～A公司由董事会组织召开股东常会～持有该公司股票的人数总计为2000人～该公司认为根据股东大会实行多数表决权原则～遂按所持股份多少通知了其中持股较多的1001人参加大会。会议召开前～该公司要求所有记名股票股东必须将股票交存于公司～否则不得出席股东大会。会议由公关部经理主持。 2008年12月～该公司由监事会提议又召开了一次股东常会。 问题:(1)A公司的做法有哪些不妥之处? 1)多数表决权原则，不是指持股较多的股东才能出席股东会，而是指股东会要有代表股份多数的股东出席，要有出席会议的有表决权的股东的多数通过;2)所有股东都有出席股东会的权利，公司按股份多少选择出席人事对股东权利的侵犯;3)无记名股票股东需要将股票交存于公司;4)应有董事长主持;5)股东常会一般一年一次，监视会提议可召开临时股东会。 (2)未被通知到会的股东若对股东会议决议不满，应如何维护自己的权利? 可向法院起诉，要求取消会议决议 全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1(记录战国以前贵族生活中各种礼节仪式的典籍是( D )A(《周礼》B(《礼记》C(《诗经》D(《仪礼》 2(通过人体自身的言语、态势来传达礼仪信息的媒体是(B)A(事体礼仪媒体B(形体礼仪媒体C(物体礼仪媒体D.自体礼仪媒体 3(公共关系职业产生于( D )A(1807年B(1887年C(1900年D(1903年 4(与顾客交谈时，眼睛注视对方的时间一般为交谈总时长的( C )A(30,B(40,C(50,D(60, 5(一般不要给年长多病的人送( A )A(钟表B(书C(剪刀D(花 6(交际中最常见的礼节是( B )A(拥抱礼B(握手礼C(鞠躬礼D(接吻礼 7(较为陌生的人相交谈宜使用( C )A(亲密距离B(个人距离C(社交距离D(公共距离 8(从进行谈判的时期看，中国加入世贸组织的谈判属于( D )、A(一次谈判B(短期谈判C(中期谈判D(长期谈判 9(在会议开始时，致词人代表其组织简要发表的热情、友好致意的言词称为( A )A(开幕词B(祝酒词C(答谢词D(祝贺词 10(书写请帖一般用特制的( C )A(信封B(信纸C(硬纸卡D(塑料卡 11(寄往欧美国家的信函，信纸应( B )A(竖折B(横折C(斜折D(无需折 12(展销厅最好的位置一般在( A )A(一楼的入口处附近B(二楼的楼梯口附近C(三楼的电梯口附近D(任意楼层的大厅中央 13(舞会的第一场舞应为(D)A(男主人与主宾夫人共舞B(女主人与男主宾共舞C(男主人与无舞伴的女宾共舞D(主人夫妇共舞 14(对外代表股份制公司的机构是( C )A(股东大会B(股东代表大会C(董事会D(监事会 15(赞助会一般不超过( A )A(1小时B(2小时C(3小时D(4小时 16(“企业文化”一词的提出者是(B )A(亚当?斯密B(斯坦利?M?戴利C(彼得?圣吉D(马克斯?韦伯 17(尼泊尔政府在1951年宣布佛诞日为( C )A(4月8日B(5月8日C(5月15日D(6月15日 18(东正教流行的国家是( D )A(埃及B(日本C(巴西D(俄罗斯 19(蒙古国的国名源义为( B )A(自由之国B(我们的火C(安乐世界D(千丘之国 20(芬兰的国歌是( A ) A(祖国B(爱国歌C(君之代D(誓言 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21(组织识别系统(CIS)包括(ABCDE) A(MIS理念识别系统B(BIS行为识别系统C(VIS(视觉识别系统D(AIS听觉识别系统E(EIS环境识别系统 22(面对新闻界时，公关人员使用语言应做到( ABD )A(诚实可信B(切境C(咬文嚼字D(有效E(多用口语 23(馈赠礼物应坚持的原则有( ABCDE ) A(明确馈赠的目的性 B(选择礼物的实用性 C(礼物应具有适时、适地、适人和适俗性 D(馈赠要有守纪性 E(注重礼物的包装和送礼方式 24(打出电话的礼仪包括( ABCE ) A(选择恰当的通话时间B(通话目的明确C(安排通话内容D(挂断电话要迅速E(挂断电话时注意使用礼貌用语 25(总结的正文结构包括( BCDE )A(称谓B(前言C(工作回顾D(基本经验E(结语 26(招股说明书应包括的内容有( ABCDE ) A(发行人的情况B(发行的风险因素C(募集资金的运用D(经营业绩E(公司发展规划 27(组织公众前来参观的目的包括( ABCD ) A(扩大组织知晓度B(促进业务C(和谐社区关系D(增强员工或家属的自豪感E(监督员工工作 28(关于小费，下列提法正确的有( ABE ) A(小费起源于18世纪的伦敦B(小费是感谢招待员的报酬C(付给小费一般是秘密进行的D(小费是对招待员的贿赂E(欧洲所有的饭店都要收小费 29.关于伊斯兰教禁忌，下列提法正确的有( ACDE ) A(女性不能露头发B(教徒不能用右手递物C(进清真寺时应脱鞋D(进清真寺时不要吸烟E(教徒不能用左手与人握手 30.印度的国花有( ABC )A(荷花B(玫瑰C(罂粟D(郁金香E(丁香花 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) 31(公共关系礼仪:是礼仪在公共关系领域的运用与发展，是社会组织同公众交往时应该遵守的行为准则，是构成组织形象的重要因素 32(祝酒词:在各种宴请活动中，用餐或饮酒前由宴请者发表的表示敬贺、祝愿的言词 33(部门关系:是指组织内部各业务、职能管理部门之间的横向协作关系、是实现组织功能、协调组织发展的基本前提，是组织内部公共关系的重要内容 34(发布会:指新闻发布会，又称记者招待会。是政府、企业。社会团体或个人邀请各新闻媒介的记者参加，有组织发布有关信息的一种主动传播活动 35(风俗:是某一国家或民族范围内人群自发重复并相沿承袭的行为，是一种大家共同遵守的、习以为常的、处之泰然的生活方式和习惯。 四、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分) 36(简述礼仪的性质。 答:1:约定俗成的规范性2:推陈出新的继承性3:民族地方的特殊性4:由表及里的功能性 37(简述个人卫生规范的要求。 答:讲究个人卫生，不仅指人们应勤洗澡，常刷牙，修剪指甲，经常梳理头发，而且还应注重在个人仪容方面的修饰。包括 1)头发:遵循“三不”原则(不能有味，不能出 ，不能有头皮屑); 2)牙齿:“三三制”(每日三餐后三分钟内要漱口); 3)鼻毛、胡须、腋毛的清理; 4)指甲:修正不良习惯(不留长指甲，不当众剪指甲); 5)体味体声(保持体味和口味清新、不随地吐痰、打喷嚏捂住嘴、面向一旁) 38(简述西装穿着的基本要求。 答:1)袖长以达到手腕为宜，衬衫的袖长应比上衣袖口长出1.5厘米左右，衬衫的领口亦应高出上衣领口1.5厘米左右。 2)隆重场合穿西装要系扣。3)上衣两侧衣袋不可装物，裤袋亦然。4)西裤长度以裤脚接触脚背为妥5)穿西装时应着深色无花纹的皮鞋 39(正式谈判主要有哪几个阶段? 答:1)导入2)概说3)明示4)交锋5)妥协6)协议 40(股东大会结束后，公关人员应处理好哪些事宜? 答:1)决议公告与分红;2)决议通知;3)股东大会议事录(会议记录)的制作及留存;4)委托书等的存放;5)工商登记的申请 五、论述题(10分) 41(请从人类社会发展的角度阐述礼仪的形成过程。 1)原始社会礼仪:礼仪在社会生活中占据重要位置;礼仪内容广泛，并以各种崇拜尤为突出;礼仪活动具有明确的实用动机;礼仪的等级观念是民主平等的 2)奴隶社会礼仪:礼仪具有很强的尊君观点;表现出强制与不平等;而且妇女地位下降，得不到起码尊重 3)封建社会礼仪:礼仪在维护统治阶级利益方面较奴隶社会更为加强，表现出伪善和封闭的特点 4)资本主义社会礼仪:当社会发展到资产主义社会的时候，礼仪文明和水准达到前所未有的高度，事无巨细，包罗万象。对社会进步发挥了重要的作用 5)社会主义社会礼仪:人类礼仪彻底摆脱了不平等和强制枷锁 六、案例分析题(10分) 42(小王在假期做了一次环球旅行～因为对涉外礼仪了解不多～几次陷入尴尬境地。他的经历如下: ?在新加坡～他点名要吃当地传统便饭“弁当”, ?在印度～他与人交换名片时～为表示尊重～双手递并双手接, ?在法国～他向一位不知是否结婚的妇女问路时～称其为“小姐”, ?在美国～他与一位女士握手～见对方没有摘手套～自己也没摘手套, ?在澳大利亚～他预约拜访一位当地知名作家～为表示尊敬～他提前半小时到达该作家住所。 问题:请分析小王以上行为的不当之处。 答:1)弁当是日本的传统便饭 2)印度人认为左手肮脏，应只用右手递、接 3)在法国等欧洲国家，如果不知道一位妇女是否结婚，应用“夫人”的已婚之称表示恭维 4)在美国，讲究女士优先。握手时，女士可不摘手套，男士必须得摘 5)澳大利亚人时间观念强，客人应按预约时间准时到达。过早抵达会使主人因未准备好而难堪 全国2012年1月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1.我国历史上第一位礼仪学专家是( A ) A.孔子B.孟子C.荀子D.庄子 2.交际的首要原则是( B ) A.平等互动B.诚实守信C.遵守时间D.注重沟通 3.依据举止规范，男士行走时步幅要适当，一般应是( C ) A.50厘米左右B.60厘米左右C.70厘米左右D.80厘米左右 4.“第一印象”的形成往往只需( B )A.3秒钟B.6秒钟C.30秒钟D.60秒钟 5.“言顾行，行顾言”语出( D ) A.《论语》B.《左传》C.《中庸》D.《礼论》 6.属于半固定空间的是( ) A.地理环境B.建筑物C.房间陈设D.会议地点 7.在与长者、尊者交谈时，目光应落在他的( D ) A.脖子附近B.口附近C.眼附近D.额头附近 8.对婚姻状况不明确的女性，可以称其为( B ) A.夫人B.女士C.太太D.小姐 9.个人与组织、团体、企业之间进行的谈判是( B ) A..私人谈判B.组织谈判C.混合谈判D.团体谈判 10.下列表情网语中代表惊讶的是( A )A. :-0B. ;-)C. :-)D. 11.有专职司机驾驶的小轿车，无论驾驶盘在左或在右，首座均为( B ) A.前座B.后座右侧C.后座中间D.后座左侧 12.伊斯兰教产生于( D ) A.公元前六世纪B.公元一世纪C.公元五世纪D.公元七世纪 13.与韩国人相处时，要少谈或不谈韩国的( ) A.政治B.经济C.历史D.地理 14.请帖发出的时间要恰当，最好提前( B ) A.5天左右B.10天左右C.15天左右D.20天左右 15.寄发海外信函时，寄件人名址应写在( C )A.信封正面下半部B.信封背面下半部C.信封正面左上角D.信封正面右上角 16.发布会时间一般不宜超过( B ) A.1小时B.2小时C.3小时D.4小时 17.举行双边洽谈时，进门后若桌子横放，应请客方就坐的位置是( A ) A.面对正门B.背对正门C.进门左侧D.进门右侧 18.女性的姓名多以“a”结尾的国家是( D )A.意大利B.俄罗斯C.罗马尼亚D.西班牙 19.哥斯达黎加的别称是( A ) A.长春之国B.长寿之国C.铜矿之国D.铝矿之国 20.埃及的国花是( C )A.紫罗兰B.火绒草C.莲花D.白玫瑰 二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21.从系统科学的角度看，企业文化可分为若干层次，即( ABCE ) A.表层的物质文化B.浅层的行为文化C.中层的制度文化D.中层的行为文化E.深层的精神文化 22.按照用途及穿用场合，服装可分为( ABCDE )A.常服B.制服C.礼服D.休闲装E.运动装 23.活动空间一般可分为( ABCD )A.亲密空间B.个人空间C.社交空间D.公共空间E.半固定空间 24.以谈判方式为标准，谈判可分为( AC )A.正式谈判B.团体谈判C.非正式谈判D.单独谈判E.混合谈判 25.规章制度正文的内容包括( BCD )A.序言部分B.总则部分C.分则部分D.附则部分E.结语部分 26.股东在股东大会享有的权利有( ABCDE )A.出席权B.提案权C.提问权D.查阅公司有关文件权E.表决权 27.洽谈的心理策略有( ABCDE )A.沉着应战B.事理交融C.假设刺激D.突出功能E.学会忍耐 28.下列关于中国传统人生价值观的描述，正确的有( ABC ) A.人是万物之灵B.仁者爱人C.重义轻利D.上帝造万物E.利益至上 29.公众禁忌数字“13”的国家有( ABD )A.美国B.澳大利亚C.日本D.俄罗斯E.中国 30.伊斯兰教的节日有( CE )A.圣纪B.成道节C.开斋节D.复活节E.宰牲节 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) 31.礼仪客体32.首次印象33.闭幕词34.员工关系35.礼宾次序 四、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分) 36.简述礼仪媒介系统的构成要素。37.简述股东大会的形式。38.简述交际礼仪规范性的具体表现。 39.简述英国人的信仰、主要节日和禁忌。40.简述倾听在谈话中的作用。 五、论述题(10分) 41.试述谈判的特点及过程。 六、案例分析题(10分) 42.一对泰国夫妇携子女来我国北方农村考察。某村委会安排王姓人家负责接待。当泰国客人来到王家时，女主人热情相迎，抱起客人的幼子，边抚摸着头发边夸赞;在炕上就餐时，主人一家盘腿而坐，热情招呼客人;临行时，主人用左手将象征着长寿的龟、鹤献给了客人。王家人的做法让客人很不高兴。 问题:王家人如此热情款待，为什么会引起泰国客人不满? 全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题 1(礼仪行为和礼仪活动的实施者是【 】 A(礼仪对象B.礼仪客体C.礼仪主体D.礼仪媒体 2(用礼仪主体与客体之间的关系、位置来传达礼仪信息的媒介【 】 A(书面语言媒介B.界域语言媒介C.语言礼仪媒介D.形体礼仪媒体 3(在CIS要素中，被称为“企业的声音”的是【 】 A(MIS理念识别系统B.BIS行为识别系统C.VIS视觉识别系统D.AIS听觉识别系统 4(在“TPO”审美原则中，属于线型概念的是【 】 A(时间B.地点C.场合D.目标 5(用于工作场景的服饰属于【 】 A(交际服饰B.休闲服饰C.职业服饰D.礼仪服饰 6(规格最高的宴会是【 】 A(国宴B.正式宴会C.便宴D.家宴 7(在交际活动中，人们应遵循的首要原则是【 】 A(礼貌 B.守法C.服务D.诚实 8(在交际礼仪中，接到邀请后，作出回答一般应在【 】 A(一天之内B.二天之内C.三天之内D.一周之内 9(运用迂回曲折的语言词句向交往对方表达真实意思的语言形式是【 】 A(委婉语B.幽默语C.直接语D.冷语 10(语言所表达的意思与字面完全相反的幽默语言形式称作【 】 A(借题B.曲解C.双关D.反语 11(行政报告属于【 】 A(书信礼仪B.文件礼仪C.请帖礼仪D.网络礼仪 12(组织实现组织目标过程中与各类技术、专业人员形成的人事关系称【 】 A(领导人员关系B.管理人员关系C.技术人员关系D.操作人员关系 13(“开幕典礼会是创牌子的第一关”，这一观点的提出者是【 】 A(韦伯B.李德曼C.罗伯特?罗雷D.约翰?梅耶 14(赞助会一般不超过【 】 A.1小时B.2小时C.3小时D.4小时 15(双方洽谈时，若进门后桌子横放，主方应就坐的位置是【 】 A(背对正门B.面对正门C.进门左侧D.进门右侧 16(在国际交往中，所谓的“对等”原则实际上就是【 】 A(礼尚往来B.一视同仁C.不受歧视D.绝对一致 17(有专门司机驾驶的小轿车，无论驾驶盘在左或在右，首座均为【 】 A(副驾驶座B.后排右侧座C.后排中间座D.后排左侧座 18(不能用左手握手、敬茶、递物的教徒是【 】 A(佛教徒B.基督教徒C.东正教徒D.伊斯兰教徒 19(荷兰的国名别称是【 】 A(风车之国B.樱花之国C.千岛之国D.千佛之国 20(日本的国花是【 】 A(玫瑰花B.樱花C.茉莉花D.杜鹃花 二、多项选择题 21(下列各项属于我国古代礼节仪式的有【 】 A(宾礼B.军礼C.三纲D.五常E.嘉礼 22(在个人礼仪中，可以表现人的外在形象的有【 】 A(举止规范B.仪容规范C.表情规范D.心理规范E.个人卫生规范 23(下列各项属于社交空间交际距离的有【 】 A(0.5米B.1.5米C.3米D.5米E.8米 24(以谈判内容为依据，可将谈判分为【 】 A(政治谈判B.文化谈判C.外交谈判D.经济谈判E.科技谈判 25(开幕词的格式包括【 】 A(称谓B.开头C.正文 D.结尾E.附录 26(会议纪要的目的有【 】 A(向上级汇报B.进行工作安排C.向下级传达D.向社会发布E.向上级请示 27(组织内部纵向交往的原则主要包括【 】 A(尊重人B.关心人C.理解人D.控制人E.拉拢人 28(企业赞助的目的可以概括为【 】 A(扩大知晓度B.增强信任度C.提高美誉度D.安置企业资金E.扩大企业规模 29(涉外公关礼仪的基本原则包括【 】 A(主权平等原则B.女士优先原则C.差异性原则D.男女平等原则E.外事礼宾顺序原则 30(日本人忌讳的数字有【 】 A(1 B.4 C.7 D.9 E.13 三、名词解释 31(仪式:是交际活动中，按礼宾要求，用特定的程序、方式等表达礼仪的过程。 32(社交注视区间:指人们在普通的社交场合采用的注释区间。其范围是以两眼上线，以下颌额为顶点所连成的倒三角区域。 33(非实质性谈判:是为实质性谈判能顺利进行而事先进行的议题、议程、时间、级别人数的磋商，谈判进行中的具体事物的协调事后对谈判形成的决议、条款、观点等进行技术处理的事物性谈判。 (文书礼仪:指在文书的写作中，在文字的表达、语气的运用、文体的掌握方面以及文字的传输过程中，要注意体现礼仪的原则，34 遵守礼仪在文书中所具备的礼仪功能，符合相应的礼仪规范。 35(展销会:是通过实物、文字和图表以及音像、影视材料等来展销产品的一种促销形式。 四、简答题 36(简述礼仪主体与礼仪客体的关系。 礼仪主体与礼仪客体，是一个矛盾的两个方面，既互相对立又互相依存，同时又在一定条件下相互转化。主客体这对矛盾的转化时由礼仪主体所决定的。 37(交际礼仪有哪些作用, 1)交际礼仪体现并协调着行为主体的道德水平;2)交际礼仪规范并控制着行为主体的交际行为;3)交际礼仪美化并协调着行为主体的形象。 38(打电话时应注意哪些礼仪问题, 1)选择恰当的通话时间;2)通话目的要明确;3)安排通话内容;4)挂断电话时注意使用礼貌用语。 39(简要说明内部交往礼仪在公关礼仪体系中的地位。 1)内部交往礼仪是公关礼仪体系的重要组成部分;2)内部交往礼仪是内部稳定关系协调的辅助性保障系统;3)内部交往礼仪是内部交往沟通的辅助性保障系统。 40(组织内部参观的目的有哪些, 1)扩大组织知晓度;2)促进业务;3)和谐社区关系;4)增强员工或家属的自豪感。 五、论述题 41(试述礼仪在公共关系职业活动中的地位与作用。 1)礼仪是人类自身发展的必然产物。礼仪是维系巩固人们之间联系和社会关系的纽带，促进社会关系及生产力的发展。 2)礼仪可以安邦治国，是民族凝聚力的体现。 3)礼仪是个人道德水准和教养的重要标志。 4)礼仪是搞好改革开放，走向世界的桥梁。 5)礼仪是塑造组织形象的重要工具。 6)礼仪运用是优质服务的保证。 7)礼仪的运用可以提高组织良好的经济效益。 六、综合应用题 42(某企业准备参加哈尔滨之夏展销会，请你根据展销会礼仪要求，制定一个参加展销会的计划纲要。 1)明确主题思想;2)构思展览结构;3)撰写展览计划书;4)确定时间、地点;5)确定展销会工作人员及责任 6)预测与培训;7)准备展览会辅助设备的相关服务;8)制定展览会经费预算;9)成立专门对外发布新闻的机构 10)公关活动安排;11)做好其他辅助工作 全国2013年1月高等教育自学考试 一、单项选择题 1.记录我国战国以前贵族生活各种礼节仪式的典籍是【 】 A.《周礼》B.《仪礼》C.《礼记》D.《尚书》 2.按礼宾要求，用特定的程序、方式等表达礼仪的过程是【 】 A.例会B.洽淡C.礼节D.仪式 3.公关礼仪中的CIS是指【 】 A.理念识别系统B.环境识别系统C.行为识别系统D.组织识别系统 4.一般来讲，交际中与异性目光对视的时间不能超过【 】 A.1秒钟B.2秒钟C.3秒钟D.4秒种 5.世界服装界所公认的着装审美原则是【 】 A.WOT原则B.TOW原则C.TPO原则D.PTO原则 6.个人在大众媒介“亮相”的实质在于展现其【 】 A.素质 B.仪表C.服饰D.心态 7.交际礼仪形成是个动态过程，是在风俗和传统变化中形成的行为规范。这说明交际礼仪具有【 】 8.A.沿习性B.差异性C.广泛性D.规范性 8.交际中最常见的礼节是【 】 A.拥抱礼B.鞠躬礼C.握手礼D.接吻礼 9.在幽默语使用中，以诙谐、幽默的口吻扭曲理解言语而形成幽默的形式称【 】 A.巧借话题B.曲解词语C.反语D.一语双关 10.以谈判方式为标准，可将谈判分为【 】 11.A.正式谈判与非正式谈判B.单独谈判与团体谈判C.经济谈判与政治谈判D.长期谈判与短期谈判 11.在正式谈判过程中，双方简要阐述各自的谈判目的、自己希望达成的目标和设想的阶段称为【 】 A.导入阶段B.概说阶段C.明示阶段D.交锋阶段 12.要求有关单位和人员周知、办理或共同执行某项工作而普遍使用的文种是【 】 A.命令B.指示C.通知D.通报 13.在文件礼仪中，计划的核心是【 】 A.指导思想B.执行工作C.工作目的D.工作安排 14.组织内部“人和”局面生成的有效手段是【 】 A.语言礼仪B.内部交往礼仪C.文书礼仪D.个人礼仪 15.组织实现自身目标过程中与最基层员工结成的各种人事关系是【 】 A.领导人员关系B.管理人员关系C.技术人员关系D.操作人员关系 16.组织内部各业务、职能管理部门之间的横向协作关系称【 】 A.人事关系B.部门关系C.业务关系D.管理关系 17.塑造公关形象的最主要手段是【 】 A.内部交往礼仪B.文书礼仪C.公关专题活动D.涉外公关活动 18.企业为促销产品而经常采用的礼仪形式是【 】 A.展销会B.联欢会C.发布会D.酒会 19.日本国名的源义为【 】 A.千湖之国B.自由之国C.日出之国D.清真之国 20.英国的国歌是【 】 A.上帝保佑国王B.马赛曲C.皇家进行曲D.祖国进行曲 二、多项选择题 21.企业文化的层次包括【 】 A.表层的物质文化B.里层的虚拟文化C.浅层的行为文化D.中层的制度文化E.深层的精神文化 22.职业服饰的基本特征包括【 】 A.实用性B.古典性C.审美性D.象征性E.前沿性 23.馈赠礼物的时间一般选在【 】 A.传统节日B.重大纪念日C.临别送行D.探视病人E.酬谢他人 24.打招呼时应注意的问题有【 】 A.与场合相符B.与自己身份相符C.与需要相符D.与个性相符E.与利益相符 25.根据谈判内容与目标的关系，可将谈判分为【 】 A.实质性谈判B.非实质性谈判C.直接谈判D.事实性谈判E.间接谈判 26.根据不同用途，可将文书礼仪分为【 】 A.文件礼仪B.书信礼仪C.电话礼仪D.请帖礼仪E.网络礼仪 27.内部交往礼仪的功能主要包括【 】 A.规范约束功能B.稳定关系功能C.凝聚功能D.激励性功能E.有效性功能 28.组织内纵向交往的具体内容和途径包括【 】 29.A.召开工作总结会议 B.举办各种座谈会C.举办各种联谊活动 D.礼节性走访E.日常交往 29.销售人员应遵循的洽谈礼仪规范有【 】 A.重视信誉，塑造组织形象 B.以礼相待，坚持平等互利 C.讲究文明，注重谈话礼节 D.实事求是，注意提问方式 E.将心比心，多替对方着想 30.伊斯兰教的主要信仰有【 】 A.信安拉B.信使者C.信天使D.信耶稣E.信末日审判 三、名词解释(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分) 31.公关礼仪:是礼仪在公共关系领域的运用与发展，是社会组织同公众交往时应遵循的行为准则。 32.公务注视区间:指在进行业务洽谈、商务谈判、布置任务等谈话时采用的注视区间。 33.反语:指语言所表达的意思与字面意思相反。 34.调查报告:在各种活动中为深入了解、研究某个问题或事件，进行调研后写成的汇报材料。 35.发布会:是政府、企业、社会团体或个人邀请各媒体记者参加，有组织发布有关信息的主动传播活动。 四、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分) 36.简述EQ(情绪智商)的功能。 1)认识自身情绪;2)妥善管理情绪;3)自我激励;4)认知他人情绪;5)人际关系的管理 37.馈赠礼品时应注意哪些问题? 1)明确馈赠的目的性;2)选择礼物的实用性;3)礼物应适时、适地、适人、适俗性4)馈赠要有守纪性5)注重包装和送礼的方式 38.简述委婉语使用的艺术。 1)用各种修辞手法代替直接表态;2)利用含蓄、意味深长的语言表达;3)用模棱两可的语言回答弹性问题 39.撰写规章制度要注意哪些问题? 1)要注重政策性;2)要注重严肃性;3)要注重明确性 40.简述业务洽谈的基本要求。 1)以准确传递推销信息为基础;2)以满足洽谈双方要求为前提;3)以引起洽谈方好感为关键;4)以维护组织产品信誉为目的 五、论述题(10分) 41.试述网上交往应注意的主要问题。 1)保密原则;2)小写原则;3)勿扰他人原则;4)尊重他人时间原则;5)尊重他人人格原则;6)遵守在网络上愉快生活原则 六、综合应用题(10分) 42. 某市政部门在处理一项市政工程过程中出现了重大失误，造成了巨大损失，对市民的生活产生了严重不良影响。此事被电视、报纸报导后，引起了市民的极大不满。而该部门负责人面对记者的追问要么避而不答，要么蛮横无理，更加重了市民对该市政部门的不满。 请问:该市政部门应如何正确对待媒体的“介入”? (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.