中医版分析化学上册习题
第二章 1、?偶然误差;?系统误差;?系统误差;?过失误差;?系统误
差;?偶然误差;?系统误差;?偶然误差;?系统误差;?偶然误
差;?系统误差;?系统误差;?偶然误差。 2、系统误差中 ?、?、?为恒定误差;
?、?、?、?为比例误差。 3、4、5、6、7略
n
,xix,0.08i,1%,,100%,,100%,0.057%8、(a)35.46;0.02; d 4,35.46nx
n
,xix,i0.2,1%,,100%,,100%,0.27%d(b)25.10;0.067; 3,25.10nx
9、 (a),:,x,,,35.46,35.53,,0.071E,,
(b):,,x,,,25.10,25.06,,0.04故误差(b),(a)1,,E
由上题平均偏差、相对平均偏差结果,偏差(a)< (b) 故;?精密而不准确 (a)
?既不准确也不精密 (b)
10、(a)8.47;0.13;1.6% (b)1.54;0.19;12%
11、(a):疑似离群值8.69,需检验
x,x8.69,8.52相邻离群Q,,,0.46,0.74Q()8.69应保留; 计算0.01,6x,x8.69,8.32maxmin
平均值:8.47;平均偏差:0.094;标准偏差:0.13;
x,ts8.47,3.71,0.129,,,,8.47,0.19542平均值的置信区间: n6
(8.27,8.67)
(b):疑似离群值1.22,需检验
x,x1.22,1.50相邻离群Q,,,0.61,0.74Q()1.22应保留; 计算0.01,6x,x1.68,1.22maxmin
平均值:1.54;平均偏差:0.14;标准偏差:0.19;
x,ts1.54,3.71,0.182,,,1.54,0.2757,平均值的置信区间: n6
(1.26,1.82)
-3612、?2.49×10;?3.06×10;?3.90; ?46
,31.9865,2.86,6.02,1.6740,7.60,1011.701,0.01272(5),,3.412
3.42583.4258
-5 ? 5.0×10
d,0.24;d,0.24(1)(2)
13、 S,0.29S,0.31(1)(2)
标准偏差S能更准确反映数据离散的程度,分辨出精密度的高低。
14、?12.0104;?0.0012;?0.01%;?12.0092-12.0117
第三章重量分析法
2,40.30(1)F,2,MM,,0.36227、 MgOMgPO227222.55?0.5292; ?0.1374; ?1.225; ?0.7643
8、94.54%
、AlAlOHAlO92,2(),323
AlAlO2,23
0.1500,6,10000.1500,6,1000Vml(1),,,20%,21.2NaOH
101.96,05101.96,0.5
ml,22
FW2,26.98,0.1500AlO23Al(2)%,,100%,,100%,78.99%
W101.96,0.1005s
s10、设应取试样W克:
Al(SO),AlO24323
2KAl(SO),AlO4223
WFWFsDAl%,,100%,,,100%
DWWAl%s
M2MAlSOKAlSOWs()2()24342,,35%,,60%0.15MMAlOAlO2323
解得:W,0.89gs
25973344211、PO,2[(CHN)HPO(,12MoO)H,O]
M,1.008PO
25,100%2,M,0.2620[(CHN)H(PO,12MoO),HO]9733442
141.95,1.008,,100%,12.34%
2,M,0.2620 [(CHN)H(PO,12MoO),HO]9733442
M(,2212.8)[(CHN)H(PO,12MoO),HO]9733442
12、解: S?BaSO4
100%32.061005W,MM,0.5,,,0.5,,0.19gssBaSO4 36%233.3936%
绝对误差
13、相对误差,,100%
称取量
,0.23,Al,AlO相对误差,,100%,,0.1%230.1888
,0.23,Al,(CHNO)Al相对误差,,100%,,0.01%9631.704第四章
m0.630,10000.0500molC,,,3、? LMV126.07,100.0
m98.00.0500molC,,,? LMV98.07,20.0
m3.000.750molC,,,? LMV40.00,0.0100
m69.00.166molC,,,? LMV208.23,2.00
gg4、1.19,37%,1000mlmmlg12molC,,,HCkLgMV36.46,1Lmol
VC1,0.1,1000稀HCLV,,,8.3ml浓HCLC12浓HCL
5、1()1.84,98%,V,1.18,25%,500浓HSO24
V,82ml浓HSO24
(2)
CVM,m24HSO稀
,36,500,98.07,10,1.84,98%,VHSO浓24
V,163mlHSO浓24
6CV,CV、HCl稀稀HCL
0.1000(V,500),0.1332,500加水
V,166ml加水
70.1000,2000,0.0968,1000,12V、浓HCl
V,8.6ml 浓HCl
--,2,82MnO,5HCO,11H, Mn,10CO,8HO、42422
-2-- HCO,OH, CO,HO24242
n : n,2:5KMnONaOH4 2 CVCV(),()KMnONaOH45
0.1000,22.1020.4420mol C,,,KMnO4L20.005
9、酚酞变色为第一计量点:
NaCO,HCl, NaHCO , HO23 32
n : n,1:2HClNaCO 23
0.0987,20.30,105.99NaCO%,,100%,99.70% 23 1000,0.2130第五章
,,,,(1):HCO、CHO、HO、CHNH、NH、HAc、HS1、2324236534 ,2,2,2,3,,,(2):NO、OH、HPO、CO、CO、HS、PO343244
-,-3、[HO],[OH]-[NO]33
,--[HO],[OH]-[CN]3
,,-[HO],[OH]-[NH]34
2-,-[HO],[OH],[CO],[NH]-[HCO]33323
,- [HO],[OH],[NH]-[HAc]33
3--,-[HO],[PO],[OH],[ HPO]-2[HPO]342434
2--,-[HO],[OH]-[HPO],2[ HPO]-3[HPO]342434
--,-[HO],[OH],[HCO]-2[CO]333
-2-3,,-,,[HO],[OH],[ HPO],2[HPO],3PO32444
、用最简式解题:4
,141.0,10,,6(1)[OH],K,C,,0.10,7.45,10pOH,5.13b,51.8,10
pH,14,5.13,8.87
,141.0,10,,6pH,5.13(2)[H],K,C,,0.10,7.45,10a,51.8,10
8(1)KC,1.8,10,0.1,10NaOHNaCOOH、能用直接滴定,计量点生成为一弱碱,4,8a
1.0,10,14[OH],K,C,,0.05,1.67,10pOH,5.78,,61.8,10b,4
pH,14,5.78,8.22剂
,141.0,10,,6pH,5.13(2)[H],K,C,,0.10,7.45,10a,51.8,10
第七章
2.3180,20.00,10006、(1)C,,0.002183mol/L 169.87,50.00,250.0
0.002183,107.87,3 T,,2.355,10g/ml,AgAgNO/31000
(2)
7、n:n:n,1:1:1 AgNONaClNHSCN34
C,20.00,C,21.00NHSCNAgNO34
0.1173,1000
,30.00,C,3.20,C NHSCNAgNO3458.49
(1) C,0.07444mol/LAgNO3
,3(2) T,2.638,10g/mlAgNO,3Cl/
8、
,,CVM0.1045,32.29,58.49AgNOAgNONaCl333 %,,100%,,100%,97.46%NaCl,10000.2025,1000WS
(0.09500,20.00,0.1100,8.00),58.499、 ,1500,17.90g5.00,1000
10,0.1007,V,74.55,0.1007(30.98,V),119.00,0.3074,1000KClKBrV,14.26mlV,16.72mlKClKBr
KCl%,34.83%KBr%,65.175第八章
2,EDTAEDTAC,V,M33Ca5mgml7,Ca,,10/100100
0.00100,0.2502,40.085,,10,10.02mg/100ml100
0.05000,23.90,448.78,,100%,99.30% 0.5400,1000
9、总硬度ppm,VCM,10,0.009434,9.70,100.09,10,91.6ppm
德国度VCM,,0.009434,9.70,56.08,5.13度 CaO
2,Ca,0.009434,8.10,40.08,10,30.63mg/Lmg/L 2, Mg,0.009434,(9.70,8.10),24.305,10,3.67mg/Lmg/L, lgK,25.1lgK,lg,lgK,8() MY,MYYHFe3,10、 lg,25.1,8,17.1lg,17.1()() ,,YHYH pH,1.2min 11、lgK,18.60pH,2lg,13.15NiYYH() , pH,4lg,8.65YH() , ,pH,2时lgK,18.60,13.15,5.09小于8,不能准确滴定MY
,pH,4时lgK,18.60,8.65,9.95大于8,能准确滴定MY
第九章
16、 1E ,0.16,0.059lg,0.16,0.059(1.1,10)Ksp,12 2,,CuCu/ V ,0.16,0.0414,0.708,0.8266
正反应方向进行17、 HAsO2H2eHAsOHO, ,,,,34332 E0.5590.059lg1.0100.033V,10 ,,,,,
可以被碘氧化用来标定碘液19、
n:n,2:1 NaSOAu223
0.00100,V,196.970.06%,,100%V,6.09ml 2000,1.00033,,,, 43AsO,2H,2I,AsO,2I220、 22,, ,I,2SO,2I,SO22346
,4又:HAsO,NaOH,2e,NaHAsO,HO3422
n:n,2:1 NaSONaOH223
30.00,C,2,30.00,0.1000 NaS2O23
0.1173,1000,30.00,C,3.20,CNHSCNAgNO3458.49
2-2-21、2B?CrO?6SO7232
1001,, 解:0.01667,50,,,0.1098,10.25,0.1458mol,,
2506,,
,2即:样品的物质量0.1458mol,相当于CrO的物质量为 27
0.1458,0.01667,VV,8.75ml2-2-CrOCrO2727
100 按题意每片含盐酸小檗碱为:8.75,0.01360,3,0.099g/片 25023.
:,1:5nn KMnO4Fe 0.006023,1000 ,,0.02157/CmolL455.85,5 KMnO
0.1173,1000,30.00,,3.20,CC AgNO34NHSCN58.49
:,2:5 nn2,COKMnO244
0.02157,29.30,134.0,5 %,,100%NaCO224 0.2203,1000,224. ,96.10% n:n,2:5Ca KMnO4
5,0.002000,1.15,40.08Camg/100ml,,100,23.05mg/100ml 10.0025. 2,5.00,
50.00 :,1:6 nn2,苯酚SO23 0.108441.60,30.00,94.11,, 苯酚%,,100%,82.14%25 6000,0.2401,26. 250
1,2(0.77,0.535)7lgK,,7.92K,8.7,10 0.059229.
230,,,CrO,6e,14H,2Cr,7HOE,1.33V272 140.05920.1,3.0E,1.33,lg,1.42V260.030