《傲慢与偏见》人物性格分析.doc

《傲慢与偏见》人物性格分析.doc 性格分析: 女主人公伊丽莎白聪敏机智，有胆识，有远见，有很强的自尊心，并善于思考问题。就当时一个待字闺中的小姐来讲，这是难能可贵的。正是由于这种品质，才使她在爱情问题上有独立的主见，并导致她与达西组成美满的家庭 赏析篇: 奥斯丁在这部小说中通过班纳特五个女儿对待终身大事的不同处理，表现出乡镇中产阶级家庭出身的少女对婚姻爱情问题的不同态度，从而反映了作者本人的婚姻观:为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的;而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。因此，她既反对为金钱而结婚，也反对把婚姻当儿戏。她强调理想婚姻的重要性，并把男女双方感情作为缔结理想婚姻的基石。书中的女主人公伊丽莎白出身于小地主家庭，为富豪子弟达西所热爱。达西不顾门第和财富的差距，向她求婚，却遭到拒绝。伊丽莎白对他的误会和偏见是一个原因，但主要的是她讨厌他的傲慢。因为达西的这种傲慢实际上是地位差异的反映，只要存在这种傲慢，他与伊丽莎白之间就不可能有共同的思想感情，也不可能有理想的婚姻。以后伊丽莎白亲眼观察了达西的为人处世和一系列所作所为，特别是看到他改变了过去那种骄傲自负的神态，消除了对他的误会和偏见，从而与他缔结了美满姻缘。伊丽莎白对达西先后几次求婚的不同态度，实际上反映了女性对人格独立和平等权利的追求。这是伊丽莎白这一人物形象的进步意义。 从小说看，伊丽莎白聪敏机智，有胆识，有远见，有很强的自尊心，并善于思考问题。就当时一个待字闺中的小姐来讲，这是难能可贵的。正是由于这种品质，才使她在爱情问题上有独立的主见，并导致她与达西组成美满的家庭。 在《傲慢与偏见》中，奥斯丁还写了伊丽莎白的几个姐妹和女友的婚事，这些都是陪衬，用来与女主人公理想的婚姻相对照。如夏绿蒂和柯林斯尽管婚后过着舒适的物质生活，但他们之间没有爱情，这种婚姻实际上是掩盖在华丽外衣下的社会悲剧。 奥斯丁的小说尽管题材比较狭窄，故事相当平淡，但是她善于在日常平凡事物中塑造鲜明的人物形象，不论是伊丽莎白、达西那种作者认为值得肯定的人物，还是魏克翰、柯林斯这类遭到讽刺挖苦的对象，都写得真实动人。同时，奥斯丁的语言是经过锤炼的，她在对话艺术上讲究幽默、讽刺，常以风趣诙谐的语言来烘托人物的性格特征。这种艺术创新使她的作品具有自己的特色。 内容篇: 全书的主要情节是围绕在拥有五个千金女儿的班耐特一家人，虽然他们一家人家境并不是非常富有，也无任何显赫的社会地位，但班耐特太太却处心积虑想替五个女儿寻找到和上流社会的贵族联婚的机会，而美丽而善良的大女儿琴恩，和机智勇敢的二女儿莉琪，她们置身在整个附庸风雅、贵气逼人的上流生活圈中，仍执著面对自我，并勇於维护自尊，却也因而丧失了对真爱的判断和实情的追求，以致忽视了优柔温文的宾格利和恃才傲物的达希，在扑朔迷离的形势中所表现出的难得挚情。 然而就在重重误解、心机、成见与持续华丽表面生活的遮掩下，挡不住的爱情仍如结晶的璞玉一般，终究不能不脱颖而出，傲慢与偏见的人性两貌，在种种环环相扣的冲突中清晰的突出，作者以她圆润、敏锐、幽默而细致的笔触，十足荡气回肠的描绘这一群人的恩怨爱恨。 此书另一特色就是所有主人翁活动性，以达希为例，他是个不受人喜爱的傲慢男人，他向来亦不屑周围肤浅的人际关系，此种僵化的对立就在他终於为莉琪动心的那一刻起了剧变，他 在压抑多时之后决定勇敢示爱，不意却遭受毫无情面可言的拒绝，对他来说，傲慢也许有理，偏见却是无情，此两者交之而产生的冲击在所难免，这种「冲击」可称为The Shock Of Recognition(认知之冲击)，达希与莉琪形同水火的命运，挣扎在其他事件接连的失序演出，达希痛定思痛，而有了剧力万均峰回路转，这种「认知」的功夫，往往就是小说人物中主角人物的再生，一个人物之所以能够生动，在性格上必有无法测度的地方(Incalculability)。 所谓无法测度，就是小说人物的「认知」、「权变」和成熟的过程中所产生的推动力，大多数生动的小说人物都是经由这种「长大」(Growth)过程的，莉琪饱尝自己对人偏见所产生下的苦果便是一例，当然，爱情能使人盲目，也能使人清醒而重新出发，达希和莉琪当属幸运的后者了。 「傲慢与偏见」虽是一出闪烁著斗智意味的爱情轻喜剧，实则说明了人必须行动和自省才有希望，人的尊严绝不是与生俱来的，而是从行动和自省中淬炼获得，透过理性的行动，把人类的王国建立得具有一个心灵价值的模式，以与物质俗世有别。大体上，人的生存没有意义，但从小体上看，人本身的行动却深具意义，即使只是儿女私情的往来。 从偏见、睿智到魅力体现--试析《傲慢与偏见》中伊丽莎白?班纳特的人物塑造 伊丽莎白长相清丽，聪慧，气质超凡脱俗 她并不是一个富家千金，却懂得社交的礼仪得体，在权势人物(如德伯夫人)面前不卑不亢，有志气也有骨气 她刚开始对达西有着严重的偏见，态度高傲的达西却因为她倔强的个性对她产生爱慕之情。面对达西，伊丽莎白没有刻意去迎合，而是显现出自己作为一个女子的坚强个性，使达西对她好感倍增 而在达西向她求婚时，她没有将达西的财产放在眼里，而是坚持自己的看法(尽管那是对达西的偏见)，毅然拒绝了达西 得知事情真相后，伊丽莎白知道自己错怪了达西，她渐渐对原本讨厌的达西产生了好感 但她没有表露，只是在为家中妹妹的事情焦急 直到德伯夫人亲自来访，逼迫她永远不接受达西，她没有放弃自己的信念，在德伯夫人面前再一次表现出了她超凡的意志 总之，伊丽莎白是一个气质脱俗，以自己独特的聪慧魅力获得幸福的人 至于写分析，最好还是看一下原著，不然要凭空赏析伊丽莎白这个人物有很大困难，因为这个人物在简.奥斯丁笔下确实是非同一般 试析《傲慢与偏见》主人公的性格 摘要:对于英国女作家奥斯汀，她一生创作了六部作品，每部都很成功，对于她的代表作一向以来存在争议，《爱玛》，《傲慢与偏见》，作者自己说在理性和情趣方面后者胜过前者，经过时间的检验，后者的读者始终多过前者。《傲慢与偏见》反映了三种婚姻观，正如一个人的举止可以反映他的性格，在对待婚姻上同样可以反映一个人的性格，其中最吸引人的是伊丽莎白和达西的悲欢离合，由没有好感到厌恶，从有了好感到失望，直到最后缔结良愿。“读来令人荡气回肠，达西的隐忍，大度，宽容，对爱情的始终如一。给人以成熟，稳重之感。伊丽莎白的活泼，幽默，风趣。像一阵春风给人以清新，轻松的感受。”[1]因此，作家 也和达西伊丽莎白一起被广为传颂了。 关键词:傲慢偏见性格伊丽莎白达西 to analyze "Arrogant And Prejudice" leading character's disposition Regarding English female writer Austin， her life has created six works， each very was all successful， always has had the dispute since regarding hers representative works， "Loves Masurium"， "with Prejudice， author said Arrogant" exceeds the former in rational and appeal aspect the latter ， the process time examination， the latter reader h****e always been many the former。 "With Prejudice" has arrogant reflected three kind of marital views， just like a person's manner may reflect his disposition， in the treatment marriage may reflect similarly a person's disposition ， in which most appealing is Elizabeth and the darcy vicissitudes of life， from does not h****e the f****orable impression to arrive the loathing， from had the f****orable impression to arrive disappointedly， until finally concluded hopes good。 “Reads soul-stirringly， darcy bearing patiently， magnanimous， tolerant， to love constant。 For human by mature， steady feeling。 Elizabeth's lively， humorous， charming。 Looks like spring breeze to give the human by fresh， the relaxed feeling。”Therefore， the writer together widely is also praised with darcy Elizabeth。 words:Arrogant Prejudice Disposition Elizabeth Darcy 奥斯汀的小说出现是英国晚餐壁炉前的家庭阅读与以离奇恐怖情节的哥特式小说之后。 正如作者自己说:“我的小说所涉及的范围，只是一个村镇上的三四家人。”“范围也不外乎 居室壁炉前和会亲访友”。[2]正当人们为家庭阅读和哥特式小说感到乏味千篇一律的时候， 奥斯汀带来的却是日常生活的田园牧歌式的世外桃源，文字有清新幽默，给读者耳目一新。 本文着重就达西和伊丽莎白对婚姻的态度来分析人物的性格。 一、伊丽莎白 早在春秋战国时期，孟子就提出了“读其书，颂其诗。不知其人可乎,是以知人论世 矣。”[3]心理学家也说:“分析一个人的性格特征时，必须要考虑到生活和社会历史条件， 也要考虑到教育的倾向。”[4]伊丽莎白是一位中产阶级的小姐，受过中等教育，是一名绅士 的女儿。同贵族阶级相比，家庭地位还是较低下，亲友又是没有教养，常常在公众场合丑态 百出，使她自惭自愧。在这样的环境中就为她性格中的偏见奠定了基础。 伊丽莎白在文中第一次出现是这样的“她们没有哪一个值得夸奖的，她们跟人家的姑娘 一样，又傻又无知;倒是伊丽莎白要比她的几个姐姐伶俐些。”[5]从这句话中，我们对伊丽 莎白有了一个初步的印象——别的姑娘都糊涂，只有伊丽莎白聪明。 如果此时我们不看下文，单从此处设想一下伊丽莎白，她聪明，伶俐，在识人一方面必 定不凡，不以自己的喜怒哀乐影响对人物的评价，但是后来的事实正好相反。试看她与达西 的第一次见面，就因为她听到“她还算可以，但是没有标致到让我动心。我现在没有那种兴 致。向那些遭到别的男士白眼的年轻小姐投去青睐。”这一句话，她对达西有了成见，她对 妈妈说:“我可以毫不含糊在向你保证，下次绝不同他跳。”她的确做到了，在后来达西第二 次见面请她跳舞时，她拒绝了。 凭心而论，达西身材魁伟，相貌英俊，气宇轩昂，悟性比受到大家热烈欢迎的宾利较胜 一筹，达西一年有一万镑的收入，见识不凡，受过良好教育。就是因为没有请伊丽莎白共舞， 使她在此时产生了偏见你看“而且要不是他伤害了我的这份傲气，我还能很容易原谅了他的 那份傲气呢”可见一斑。 不是因为美丽而可爱，而是因为可爱而美丽。”[6]达西先是发现伊丽莎白有一双美丽 的大眼睛，使她看上去聪慧非凡，继而又发现她虽然身材不是理想中的，但是她脚步轻盈，她谈吐幽默，风趣，有自己的见解，不人云亦云。所有的这些吸引了他，迷住了他，她和别的女孩是如此的不同。 在现实生活中，我们有这样的体会:对一和人发生了好感，对她又不是很熟悉，不了解她的喜怒哀乐，这样是不敢贸然的去接近她，而是观察她的一言一行，看她和什么样的人交往，从她的言谈举止中去揣摩她是什么样的人，再想办法去和她交往。达西先生也是采取这样的做法，但是伊丽莎白认为他这样做的目的是在捣鬼，认为他想找自己的毛病来讽刺她，借以破坏她在众人心目中的形象。用我们的常识来看，如果不是喜欢上她，这样做有什么好，她反而这样认为，可见对达西的偏见已较深了。 对一个人产生了不好的印象，总以为他处处不好，有时也会把自己幻想出来的缺点加到他身上。伊丽莎白在照顾姐姐的期间，在他们之间发生过几次讨论:女子多才多艺达到，人的性格问题，伊丽莎白每次都是针对达西，以此来与他对抗。试想她为什么这样做的原因，可是归结为偏见得到了巩固。 接下来，魏肯的出现，对达西的中伤，，再加上达西给她的印象又是傲慢，也许更为重要的原因是他吸引了她，是她的智商变低了。本来漏洞百出的话她也深信不疑，使伊丽莎白在对待达西的殷切问好时，她无法用勉强礼貌的态度回答。等到不知所措答应共舞后，她又埋怨自己不该如此，觉得这样作对不起魏肯。她的朋友夏洛蒂劝她说达西对他有意思，她说:“下决心痛恨一个人，却又发觉他让人喜欢，那才是人生最大的不幸。”到现在她是有点故意对达西存有偏见了，不是不自觉的。 再后来，伊丽莎白在达西的表弟费茨威廉少校口中得知，达西破坏了姐姐和宾利的好事，对达西的恨不打一处来，说他是刽子手，非常干脆达到拒绝了达西的求婚，而且尽量的侮辱了达西，把达西的自尊伤的体无完肤，你看“哪怕世界上只剩你这一个男人，也别想说服我嫁给你。”对达西达到偏见达到了顶峰。 与对待达西形成鲜明对比的是对待魏肯，伊丽莎白之对魏肯的爱不同于娜塔莎对阿辽沙的爱“我不是把他(阿辽沙)当作一个般配的人那样爱他，不是通常女人爱男人那样爱他，我爱他就像我是一个母亲爱孩子。”[7]她对魏肯的感情也不同于维特之对绿蒂，维特的爱带有少年的热情与冲动“绿蒂对你的回忆是多么的圣洁，多么的温馨，仁慈的上帝呀，最初的幸福时刻又得以重现了。”“她看不到也感觉不到，她正在酝酿一种能毁掉我和她的毒药，而我也满怀喜悦地接过她欲置我死地的酒杯一饮而尽。”[8]而是更多的像郝思嘉对艾思礼的感情“她如今能清楚的看到，他只不过是她自己的一个幼稚的幻想。假设她在那遥远的日子里最初就和他结婚而满足了自己的虚荣心，他也早就没有什么价值了。”[9]同样的伊丽莎白也是这样，她爱上了自己替魏肯编织的花环。 魏肯她只想到他的种种优点，缺点被她故意掩盖了，她在姨妈家发现魏肯非常明显地流露出向女人献殷勤的味道，她却欣然地接受了。魏肯说不怕见达西，说只要达西不先离开这个地方，他是不会先离开的，但到了舞会他爽约了。她没有想到在一全陌生人面前讲自己的委屈，讲别人的不是要多么的不得体，他那样宊出自己，显得是多么粗俗下流。魏肯因金小姐有了财产离开伊丽莎白，她没有想到他惟利是图，不安好心，相反还为他开脱 。 也许应了那句自己的样样都好，自己看中的人也是这样。也许他没有的好处她也会把别人的优点加到他身上的，同样对他的缺点她也故意的忽略。这样在人不在现实中碰的头破血流是不会省悟的，所幸的是伊丽莎白没有碰壁，达西用事实让她看到魏肯的真面目。 与偏见对应的是伊丽莎白也有一颗爱心，简(大姐)因为淋雨感冒了，这样的小病，三个妹妹没有放在心上，做妈妈的也没放在心上，但是我们的伊丽莎白却执意要去看看姐姐病得怎么样，况且是在没有车坐，在泥泞中独自行走三英里的情况下，不在乎到达时的狼狈相，不在乎大清早拜访别人不礼貌，在她的心里想的只有姐姐，亲眼看到姐姐安好就放心了。试 想如果没有一颗爱心能做到这些吗, 当她知道达西拆散了姐姐和宾利的幸福，面对有钱有势的达西的求婚，她一口回绝丝毫不给人家一点面子。与她形成对比的是她的好朋友夏洛蒂，从修养和见识她们不分上下，但是面对稍有资产的柯林斯的求婚她一口答应了，尽管她明白柯林斯不是有情趣的人。伊丽莎白正是由于对姐姐的爱，所以她更加的对达西不滿，她不能给破坏姐姐幸福的人以机会。 对姐姐的好，姐姐本身是很讨人喜欢;但是对妹妹她也存着爱心，虽然妹妹和她的性格是那样格格不入。在妹妹莉迪亚要去度假时，她冒着被妹妹和妈妈怪罪劝爸爸不要让妹妹去。等到她的担心变为现实时，她首先考虑的不是她和简因这而受到的连累，相反的她为妹妹的明天担心。而此时她和达西的关系刚刚出现了转机，她对达西好不隐瞒，告诉了他妹妹的事。 如果 不是太关心妹妹她是不会这样做，相反她应该对达西隐瞒，以后把达西?到手再说也不迟。 在伊丽莎白所有的性格中，高度的自尊心也是其突出的一个，她过了20岁，不到21岁，也许说她少年心性，但是作为女性显得尤为可贵，面对强大势力不去奉迎，不去投其所好。相反，她自尊自爱，以自己在方式表达了反抗。 在面对达西的姨母干涉她婚姻的精彩对话更为反映了她的这一性格。要知道凯瑟琳夫人是个什么样的人再回头看伊丽莎白的这一举止就会感觉更为难得了。夫人身材高大，虽非德比郡治安委员会成员，却是这个教区最活跃的治安推事，只要有哪个村民喜欢吵架要，不肯安分守己或者哭穷叫苦，她都要亲自出马，到那个村庄去解决纠纷，平息怨愤，直到把他们骂得和睦相处，安居乐业才算罢休。面对这样的人物，能和她说话就不错了，能和她对答如流，并且有勇气说不据理力争就更为难得了。“你没有权利来过问我，像这样一种行径，也别想让我坦率直陈。”“我犯不上要装成和夫人你一样坦率，你可以问我问题，我也可以不必回答。”试问这样的话出现在一个中产阶级小姐口中能不惊奇吗, 当然她只所以拒绝这个要求，里面包含对达西的爱，如果不爱他，她为什么不答应呢,经历了与达西的曲折交往，经历了妹妹私奔事件的担惊受怕，伊丽莎白真的长大了，不再对人对事抱有偏见了，有了达西这样明理的丈夫之后，她会变得更成熟。 二、达西 作为女性作家，作为终生未嫁只有恋爱经历的作家，奥斯汀作品中在主人公大多为女性，她们性格多变，有血有肉，这和作家的经历有关，也显示了作家写作态度的认真。相比而言男性形象就单薄一些，达西也是如此，除了傲慢别的就不是很明显了。 达西不像白瑞得(《飘中》的主人公)浑身上下流露着流氓气息，玩世不恭，也不像希思可厉夫(《呼啸山庄》中的主人公)那样心灵扭曲，活着的目的就是为了报复，明明爱凯瑟琳，却是伤害她“我一句安慰你的话也不说给你，这也是你活该，你自己害死了你自己。”[10]这是人在自己喜欢的人马上就要死的时候说的话吗,这样在人还是人吗,回过头来再看达西就舒服多了，他对伊丽莎白的爱始终如一，这样虽说少了份浪漫，但同样可以打动人心。 这样来看他对伊丽莎白的傲慢就有意思多了，出于天性的不同，有的人在陌生人面前，性格比较外向的人可以利用不长的时间就和他们混熟，溶入其中;但有的人性格偏内向，不喜欢和陌生人说话。达西就属于后一种人，不幸的再加上他又出身豪门，拥有巨额财富，权倾四野，尤其是他明明舞跳得好，但是在男客少，女客多的情况下，他宁可自己闲坐也不跳舞，不是他傲慢还有别的理由可言吗, 等到爱上伊丽莎白，他不按正常的逻辑去表白，相反他听伊丽莎白和别人的谈话，明明是自己想请她跳舞非得说成“难道你不想抓住这个机会，跳一场瑞乐舞吗,”这样给人的感觉是请他赏脸，而不是他请她了，其结果可想而知。 爱了人家，就应该创造机会表白。但是达西拥有这样的机会是怎样做的呢,他俩单独呆了半个小时，他却聚精会神看书，连看都没看她一眼。在夏洛蒂家，他可以看地就是不看她， 在第一次求婚时，他把自己的爱，把和她缔结良缘的反对思想和她说了，还滿心认为她一定也在盼望他向她求婚，而且还带有她不会拒绝的神情，如果不是傲慢还有别的理由可以吗, 在对魏肯的态度上，他明明知道魏肯的种种不好，但是他不说出来，他认为时间长了人们发现的。在伊丽莎白对魏肯怀有好感的时候也是如此，如果不是面对伊丽莎白的无理指责 他还是不会说出来，高贵的傲慢呀，差点葬送了一生的幸福。 也许要说他对伊丽莎白的误会还是一如既往的爱她是因为爱情使然的话，那么对佣人慷慨对佃农的大方，只能说明他有一颗爱心。 伊丽莎白的性格经历了陷入偏见，克服偏见。在对待婚姻上像所有的少女一样充满幻想，柯林斯的求婚以及朋友夏洛蒂的所作所为，使她愤慨于爱情受到了物质利益的亵渎，魏肯的翩翩风度吸引她时，她几乎相信他具备了一切美德。直到了解魏肯各种劣迹之后，她才认识到对仪表的心醉以及令人神往的交谈都不是心的契合，爱情必须建立在真诚的基础上。 达西对伊丽莎白的爱从没发生过改变，只是被拒绝了一次，对爱情失去了信心。在伊丽莎白拒绝了姨母的无理要求，心中重又燃起了希望，再次求婚，终于如愿以偿。 伊丽莎白答应嫁达西不是原来的达西，而是个革除了傲慢的达西，以真心实意对待爱情的达西。不能算是对达西的屈服，而是达西在爱情面前的屈服，在未来幸福的理想面前的屈服。这样说来即使达西不是富翁伊丽莎白也会嫁给他的，因为他们真心相爱。 傲慢与偏见》属于作者的前期作品。与作者的其他五部小说一样，《傲慢与偏见》以男女青年的恋爱婚姻为题材。然而，同其他作品不同的是，这部小说以男女主人公的爱情纠葛为主线，共计描写了四起姻缘，是作者最富于喜剧色彩，也最引人入胜的一部作品。 英国文艺批评家安?塞布雷德利指出:“简?奥斯丁有两个明显的倾向，她是一个首选家和一个幽默家。这两个倾向经常搀混在一起，甚至是完全融合的。”显然，奥斯丁在本书通过四起婚姻家事的对照描写，提出了道德和行为的问题。 首先，作者明确划定了婚姻的“好坏”标准。照奥斯丁看来，不幸的婚姻大致有两种情况:一像夏绿蒂和柯林斯那样，完全建立在经济基础上;二像莉迪亚和韦翰那样，纯粹建立在美貌和情欲的基础上。夏绿蒂本是个联盟女子，只因家里没有财产，人又长得不漂亮，到了二十七岁还是个“老处女”。她所以答应嫁给笨伯柯林斯，只是为了能有个“归宿”，有个能确保她不致挨冻受饥的“保险箱”，婚后，尝不到任何天伦之乐，她倒也“无所谓”。这在一定程度上反映了妇女的可悲命运。莉迪亚是个轻狂女子，因为贪恋美貌和感情冲动的缘故，跟着韦翰私奔，后经达西搭救，两人才苟全成亲，但婚后不久即“情淡爱驰”，男的常去城里寻欢作乐，女的躲到姐姐家里寻求慰藉。与夏绿蒂、莉迪亚相反，伊丽莎白与达西也好，吉英的婚事则是建立在爱情的基础上，这也是真正的美满婚姻。诚然，伊丽莎白与达西也好，吉英与彬格莱也好，他们的结合并不排除经济和相貌方面的考虑，但是他们更注重对方的丽质美德，因而结婚以后，尽管在门第上还存在一定差异，夫妻却能情意融洽。恩爱弥笃，尤其是伊丽莎白，她对达西先拒绝后接受，这充分说明:“没有爱情可千万不能结婚。” 其次，作者认为，恋爱婚姻既然是关系到终身幸福的大事，那就一定要严肃谨慎，切不可让表面现象蒙住眼睛。伊丽莎白因为受到达西的怠慢，便对他萌发了偏见，而当“风度翩翩”的韦翰向她献殷勤时，她又对达西产生了好感，直至听信他的无耻谰言，进一步加深了 她对达西的偏见和憎恶。后来她自我责备说，她所以会做出这种蠢事，完全是虚荣心在作怪。 事实证明:“初次印象”是不可靠的，而偏见又比无知更可怕。 另外，作者还向我们表明，恋爱婚姻不仅是个个人问题，而且也是个社会问 题，师迪亚的私奔引起了全家人乃至所有亲友的惊恐，因为大家都明白，这 件丑事假若酿成丑闻，不但会害得莉迪亚身败名裂，还会连累亲友们，特别是她 的几个姐姐，将因此而很难找到体面的归宿。后来，多亏达西挽救，莉迪亚才没 有“一失足成千古恨”。与此相比，伊丽莎白和吉英圆满出嫁之后，自然给另外 两个妹妹带来了希望和机会。这就告诉人们:“考虑婚姻大事，不能光大顾自己， 还要对亲友负责，对社会负责。 情投意合结连理 才子佳人比翼飞 —浅议简?奥斯丁《傲慢与偏见》中宾利和简的婚姻 The combination based on love and similar interests results in a happy marriage —The marriage of Bingley and Jane in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice Abstract This article generally analyses the marriage of Bingley and Jane. The author thinks that Bingley and Jane have many similarities in their characters, which lead them to a successful marriage although they all lack strength in their marriage. The author also points out that Bingley and Jane married for love, not for the money, status or good looks. So the combination of them is really a blessed and happy marriage. Key words Marriage Love Interests happy Content Jane Austen (1775-1817), who was born at Steventon on December 16, 1775, was one of the greatest novelists in England. She was the youngest of seven children in her family. She received most of her education at home. Her family are all fond of reading books, which influenced her very much. Her reading extended little beyond the literature of the eighteenth century, and within that period she admired Dr. Johnson particularly. And later she was delighted with both the poetry and prose of Scott. She died on July 18, 1817, and was buried in the cathedral in Winchester. She totally wrote six novels in her life. Among the six novels, Pride and Prejudice has been valued as the most successful and popular masterpiece. In this novel, Jane Austen mainly described the ordinary life of the Bennets . She told us four different marriages to show the readers that different people have different attitudes towards love. And also she expressed her own viewpoints on marriage that a combination based on love and similar interests is a happy and perfect marriage. In her opinion, the money-oriented marriage and sex-oriented marriage are not successful although the people can live together. The theme is narrow, but she showed us a beautiful tableau of the England people’s life of her own time. It seems that she had a talent to describe the ordinary life of people. “Read again, and for the third time at least, Miss Austen's very finely written novel of Pride and Prejudice. That young lady has a talent for describing the involvements and feelings and characters of ordinary life which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with.”1 Because of the lack of her experiences and knowledge, the characters in Pride and Prejudice are all of her own social class: The ladies and gentlemen of the landed gentry. And also, in every conversation, there was at least one lady. “The conversations of ladies with ladies, or of ladies and gentlemen together, are given, but no instance occurs of a scene in which men only are present.”2 Most parts of the story are the intricacies of courtships and marriages between the members of her class, which are great attraction to many readers. Among all the marriages in this novel, the combination of pleasant Bingley and mild Jane is the most blessed and happy one. The couple has similar interests and they insisted on pursuing their true love, which lead them to a happy and perfect marriage. Mr. Bingley was a good looking and gentlemanlike person whose revenues were about 5,000 pounds a year. As a young man who had good breeding, he was cordial and simple with easily-led disposition. With this character, he never appeared dissatisfied. He was easy to approach and constant in love although he was very rich. However, he lacked strength and independence in his marriage, which was a grievous defect of him. In the novel, Bingley was popular with almost everybody in everywhere. He had a pleasant countenance and easy unaffected manners. It is easy to find that he was agreeable both in appearance and character. The first appearance of Bingley was the time when he “returned Mr. Benner’s visit, and sat about ten minutes with him in his library.”3But the exact time when the readers began to know him was some days later. At the first ball at Netherfield, he was shown to everybody and the readers began to make acquaintance of his personality through his behavior. “ Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance, was angry that the ball closed so early, and talked of giving one himself at Netherfield. Such amiable qualities must speak for themselves.”4 Of course these personal strength won Jane’s admiration. She thought that he was just what a young man ought to be. In her eyes, Mr. Bingley was a sensible, good-humored, lively young man. And she had never seen anyone who had so many advantages with perfect good breeding! He was just her Mr. Right! At that ball, “Bingley’s attentions to Jane had given rise to a general expectation of their marriage. He spoke of it as a certain event, of which the time alone could be undecided.”5 Mr. Bingley also noticed Jane at that night. He fell in love with Jane at their first ball and their romance flourished quietly and steadily. His affection towards Jane was obviously sincere andunaffected. It was obvious that when Jane suffered a trifling cold, he was worried about her. His anxiety and attention to her was evident. For example, when Elizabeth said that she couldn’t leave her sister because Jane’s illness was worse, “Bingley urged Mr. Jones’s being sent for immediately.”6 and “Bingley was quite uncomfortable.”7 The following sentences also are the evidences: “ but diffuseness and warmth remained for Bingley’s salutation. He was full of joy and attention. The first half hour was spent in piling up the fire, lest she should suffer from the change of room; and she removed at his desire to the other side of the fire-place, that she might be farther from the door. He then sat down by her, and talked scarcely to anyone else.”8 It is not difficult for the readers to find Bingley’s real concern and affection towards Jane from these details. He was cordial and constant in his love. As a pleasant and modest person, Mr. Bingley was far from the man who was strong and determined. This is his merit but also his demerit. His cordial and simple character leads to his quiet romance with Jane. But his weak and easily-led character leads to his parting with Jane. So when their romance went smoothly, he suddenly departed from Jane, which nearly ends his happy love and marriage. Generally speaking, his departure from Jane was caused by the relationship between him and Darcy. They were good friends although they were different in character. Between them there was a very steady and constant friendship. Bingley was endeared to Darcy by the easiness, openness and ductility of his temper. It is no doubt for Darcy that Bingley had the firmest reliance. For Darcy, he wanted to help his friend. In his opinion, it is impossible for Jane to love Bingley. So he persuaded Bingley not to take Jane in marriage. This point can be found from his letter to Elizabeth: “Her (Jane) look and manners were open, cheerful, and engaging as ever, but without any symptom of peculiar regard, and I remained convinced from the evening’s scrutiny, that though she received his attentions with pleasure, she did not invite them by any participation of sentiment.” 9 For Bingley, he had an easily-led temper. He was so modest and pliable that he had no opinion about his own marriage. No matter how obvious his attachment to Jane was, he believed Darcy’s representation of Jane’s indifference was true. Because Mr. Bingley’s two sisters didn’t like Jane, they thought Mr. Bingley should choose Georgiana(Darcy’s sister) as his wife. So they also disagree with Bingley about his marriage with Jane. Under the influences of his sisters and Mr. Darcy, Bingley began to doubt Jane’s affection to him. Finally, he thought Jane didn’t love him, so he left her without saying good-bye. Later, when all the misunderstandings clarified, he came back to Jane at Darcy’s assistance. Bingley’s indecisive character determines his happiness and results that his life was controlled by others. Jane was the first children in her family. She was a kind and mild girl who was the most beautiful one among her sisters. As an introverted girl, she is constant in her love but lacks strength and self-confidence. She didn’t want others to know her love to Mr. Bingley, so she pretended that she had nothing to do with him. Compared with other girls, she was the most mild, kind, modest and almost perfect girl in this novel. Sometimes she was a little innocent. In her eyes, everybody is perfect. She never saw the ugly fact of life even she was deceived. Her character is vividly showed in many parts of the novel. “Compliments always take you (Jane) by surprise, and me (Elizabeth) never”10 and “Oh, You (Jane) are a great deal too apt you know, to like people in general, you never see a fault in anybody, all the world are too good and agreeable in your eyes. I (Elizabeth) never heard you speak ill of a human being in my life.” 11 According to this, readers can find that how kind and innocent Jane was. And also it is quite natural for Jane to fall in love with the pleasant and simple Bingley. She met him at the ball, and after then, she adored Bingley very much. But with her introverted and tranquil disposition, Jane controlled her passion too much, which nearly consumed her felicity. Although she loved Mr. Bingley after the ball, she had no courage to express it. She cherished her feelings towards him, but she chose to conceal it. She didn’t display her true feelings. On the contrary, she controlled her passion to the best of her ability, lest anyone find it. She only showed genteel pleasure and politeness although her heart was fluttering with romantic passion. In a sense, her attitude towards love was passive. According to the above, Darcy thought that though Jane was pleased with Bingley, she didn’t love him. He thought Jane’s “countenance and air was such as might have given the most acute observer a conviction that, however amiable her temper, her heart was not likely to be easily touched.”12 In his eyes, Bingley was involved in an unavailable love. So after then, he made great efforts to separate Bingley from Jane. After Bingley’s departure, Jane suffered great distress. She was very depressed. But because of the defect of her character, she pretended to be all right and said nothing about her sadness. Here, readers can find that her weakness and obedience had been thoroughly exposed. In the novel, Bingley and Jane never stopped pursuing their true love although there were so many obstacles between them. Fortunately, with the help of Darcy and Elizabeth, they finally got married and had a happy life. Bingley and Jane had many similarities in their characters, which is the main reason to the success of their marriage. They possessed personal attractiveness and dignity, social graces, and a measure of good sense. They all had good breeding, but lacked insight, strength, and self-confidence. They didn’t show their insides easily to the publics because they cared the social criticism too much. For Jane, she always concealed her true feelings, which gave others a illusion that she didn’t love Bingley. For Bingley, he yielded easily to criticism of Jane’s social position and easily accepted the suggestions of his sisters and Darcy, which almost consumed the felicity between Jane and him. In manner of speaking, the outside forces facilitated their marriage. According to the relationship between Bingley and Jane, love and similar interests are the basic factors of a successful and happy marriage. With many similarities in character, people can understand each other easily. Most important of all, the couple with similar interests can live together with a happy life, because there are understandings, helps and supporting between them. They don’t care the defects of their partners and even they don’t see any faults in each other. Just as the old saying going, “Birds of a feather flock together, people of a mind fill into the same group.” 这是我以前写的论文，是关于简的。文章结构绝对标准。 Jane Bennet—A Beautiful, Kindhearted and Restrained Woman Pride and Prejudice is a novel written by British woman novelist--Jane Austen, which tells about love stories of the Bennets. In the novel, Austen brings readers many vivid images through her excellent skills of description. The character who impressed me most is Jane Bennet, which is a beautiful, kindhearted and restrained woman. It is no doubt that Jane is beautiful. Mrs. Bennet thinks Jane is the most beautiful one among her daughters. Mr. Bingley considers her as “the most beautiful creature I ever beheld “and “could not conceive an angel more beautiful”. Even the most fastidious person, Mr. Darcy, has to admit “she is the most handsome girl in the room”. Austen shows readers Jane’s beauty through other’s words, which is much persuasive. In the novel, readers can find out that Jane is kindhearted. “All the world are good and agreeable in your eyes. I never heard you speak ill of a human being in my life. “Elizabeth, who is the most smart and perspicacious person in the novel, tells reader Jane’s disposition in an indirect way. When Elizabeth guesses that Mr. Bingley goes to London because of Miss Bingley’s instigation, and considers Miss Bingley as an insincerity person who is not worth to making friends, Jane believes that Miss Bingley “is incapable of willfully deceiving any one”. That is not because Jane has adolescent mind. Jane is such a kindhearted person and she will never have sick opinion about others. Even if she thinks she will never had close relationship with Miss. Bingley after she knows the true reason of Mr. Bingley’s leaving, she still shows her hope of getting along well with Miss Bingley. Jane is also a restrained person. Darcy thinks Jane do not fall in love with Bingley. Therefore, he persuades Bindley to leave her. It is Jane’s attitude makes Darcy mistake her feeling of love to Bingley. That is why Mr. Bingley can accept Mr. Darcy and Miss Bingley’s advice of going to London, and also the reason she makes herself heartbroken. Jane does not show her love easily because she is restrained. As an unmarried woman, her reserve really shows she is educated; but in front of her love, it almost makes her miss her true love. It is surely her shortcoming. In conclusion, Jane Bennet is a beautiful, kindhearted and restrained woman. Even she is not as smart as Elizabeth, she is still a welcome character in the novel. Readers can see the merits and the shortcomings, which they may have. Jane Bennet is the one of the most vivid images in Pride and Prejudice. Elizabeth Bennet ,the second daughter in the Bennet family, and the most intelligent and quick-witted, Elizabeth is the protagonist of Pride and Prejudice and one of the most well-known female characters in English literature. Her admirable qualities are numerous—she is lovely, clever, and, in a novel defined by dialogue, she converses as brilliantly as anyone. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enable her to rise above the nonsense and bad behavior that pervade her class-bound and often spiteful society. Nevertheless, her sharp tongue and tendency to make hasty judgments often lead her astray; Pride and Prejudice is essentially the story of how she (and her true love, Darcy) overcome all obstacles—including their own personal failings—to find romantic happiness. Elizabeth must not only cope with a hopeless mother, a distant father, two badly behaved younger siblings, and several snobbish, antagonizing females, she must also overcome her own mistaken impressions of Darcy, which initially lead her to reject his proposals of marriage. Her charms are sufficient to keep him interested, fortunately, while she navigates familial and social turmoil. As she gradually comes to recognize the nobility of Darcy’s character, she realizes the error of her initial prejudice against him.